Community Health/Public Health BOOK QUESTIONS
In your new position as the Oral Health Program Coordinator at the State Health Department, you are asked to conduct a statewide screening project to determine the oral health status of school-age children. After you collect and analyze the data from the statewide survey, you are to determine what oral health programs you would like to plan that will address the needs of children in your state. Once programs are selected and prioritized, you will be involved in planning the programs for local implementation. 5. If the programs you select are to be effective public health solutions, they will need to have all EXCEPT one of the following characteristics. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. Not hazardous to life or function b. Easily and efficiently implemented c. Attainable by those who can afford it d. Effective immediately upon application
5. Answer: c Correct Rationale: An effective public health solution will be attainable regardless of socioeconomic status, not just by those who can afford it. Incorrect Rationales: a. Not hazardous to life or function is one of the seven characteristics. b. Easily and efficiently implemented is one of the seven characteristics. d. Effective immediately upon application is one of the seven characteristics.
In your position as the oral health program coordinator for the Division of Dental Health, State Health Department, you are assigned the task of developing an educational campaign to promote oral health as critical to overall health. You also are in charge of setting up a dental sealant program in a part of the state that is classified as a dental HPSA. You will be responsible for selecting schools to participate in the dental sealant program and for organizing the project, including planning all meetings, ordering supplies, supervising personnel, and arranging the schedule. 2. You decide to set up a committee to help develop the "healthy mouth, healthy body" campaign and invite a public health nurse, a nutritionist, a mental health specialist, and a chronic disease health educator to join. This step is an example of which of the following? a. Advocating for policy changes b. Interprofessional collaborative practice c. Working under remote supervision d. Secondary prevention strategies
Answer: b Correct Rationale: Interprofessional collaborative practice is the coming together of multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds to work together on a project that affects the various aspects of health of the population. Incorrect Rationales: a. Policy changes for healthier habits could be a long-term goal for this educational campaign, but it is not reflected in the activity described in this question. c. Remote supervision refers to the use of teledentistry for dental supervision and/or collaboration; it does not refer to the interprofessional representation on the work committee. This community case does not describe a situation in which remote supervision would be applied. In some states, the laws allow for remote supervision of dental hygienists and dental therapists for community-based programs that serve underserved populations. d. Secondary prevention refers to interventions that reduce or eliminate current disease. The educational campaign will likely include the need for treatment in addition to primary preventive strategies to promote oral health as critical to overall health. However, this is not the focus of this question.
In your position as the oral health program coordinator for the Division of Dental Health, State Health Department, you are assigned the task of developing an educational campaign to promote oral health as critical to overall health. You also are in charge of setting up a dental sealant program in a part of the state that is classified as a dental HPSA. You will be responsible for selecting schools to participate in the dental sealant program and for organizing the project, including planning all meetings, ordering supplies, supervising personnel, and arranging the schedule. 4. You will be reviewing all of the following factors EXCEPT one to determine the location for the sealant program. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. The ratio of dental providers to people b. The number of people who don't have access to dental care c. The number of elementary, middle, and high schools d. The number of dentists and dental hygienists
Answer: c Correct Rationale: The case specifies that the sealant program will be established in a part of the state that is designated as a dental health professional shortage area (DHPSA). The number of schools is not a factor in determining a DHPSA. Incorrect Rationales: a. The ratio of dental providers to population size is a factor in defining a DHPSA. b. Presence of barriers that cause inadequate access to dental care for the population contributes to the definition of a DHPSA. d. The number of dentists and dental hygienists in the state affects the ratio of dental providers to population; thus, it is important in defining the state as a DHPSA.
In your position as the oral health program coordinator for the Division of Dental Health, State Health Department, you are assigned the task of developing an educational campaign to promote oral health as critical to overall health. You also are in charge of setting up a dental sealant program in a part of the state that is classified as a dental HPSA. You will be responsible for selecting schools to participate in the dental sealant program and for organizing the project, including planning all meetings, ordering supplies, supervising personnel, and arranging the schedule. 5. The educational campaign would be categorized as a primary prevention measure. The sealant program would be a secondary method of prevention. a. Both statements are true. b. Both statements are false. c. The first statement is true, the second is false. d. The first statement is false, the second is true.
Answer: c Correct Rationale: The educational campaign and the sealant program are both primary prevention measures; therefore, the first sentence is true, and the second sentence is false. Although the educational campaign may address the need for secondary preventive treatment, the education itself is a primary preventive strategy. The actual provision of treatment would be an example of secondary prevention. Incorrect Rationales: a, b, and d. Because the first statement is true and the second statement is false, all other answer choices have to be incorrect.
In your position as the oral health program coordinator for the Division of Dental Health, State Health Department, you are assigned the task of developing an educational campaign to promote oral health as critical to overall health. You also are in charge of setting up a dental sealant program in a part of the state that is classified as a dental HPSA. You will be responsible for selecting schools to participate in the dental sealant program and for organizing the project, including planning all meetings, ordering supplies, supervising personnel, and arranging the schedule. 1. According to the laws of this state, a dentist must screen the children to approve the teeth for dental sealants before a dental hygienist places the sealants; the dentist does not have to be present at the time that the dental sealants are placed. Which of the following is a correct statement? a. This is an example of direct supervision. b. This is a direct access state. c. This describes general supervision. d. Assessment is within the scope of practice for dental hygienists in this state.
Answer: c Correct Rationale: With general supervision, the dentist needs to authorize the work to be completed prior to services but does not need to be present during treatment. Incorrect Rationales: a. With direct supervision, the dentist would need to be present while the dental hygienist is placing the sealants. b. Direct access gives the dental hygienist the right to initiate treatment based on his or her assessment of a patient's needs without the specific authorization of a dentist. d. If assessment were within the scope of practice, the dental hygienist would be able to accomplish the screening to qualify the teeth for sealants.
In your position as the oral health program coordinator for the Division of Dental Health, State Health Department, you are assigned the task of developing an educational campaign to promote oral health as critical to overall health. You also are in charge of setting up a dental sealant program in a part of the state that is classified as a dental HPSA. You will be responsible for selecting schools to participate in the dental sealant program and for organizing the project, including planning all meetings, ordering supplies, supervising personnel, and arranging the schedule. 3. What professional role is represented by your responsibility for the school-based sealant program? a. Clinician b. Researcher c. Administrator/ manager d. Educator
Answer: c Correct Rationale: You would be in the role of administrator/manager of the program, managing all aspects of the operation, giving background information, and getting the sealant program started in the school. Incorrect Rationales: a. In the role of clinician, you would place the sealants on the teeth, actually providing treatment. b. In the researcher role, you would collect and analyze data to determine the effectiveness and/or efficiency of the sealant program. d. In the educator role, you would deliver oral health education to school children, parents, and/or administrators in relation to the sealant program.
In your new position as the Oral Health Program Coordinator at the State Health Department, you are asked to conduct a statewide screening project to determine the oral health status of school-age children. After you collect and analyze the data from the statewide survey, you are to determine what oral health programs you would like to plan that will address the needs of children in your state. Once programs are selected and prioritized, you will be involved in planning the programs for local implementation. 2. All of the following essential public health services to promote oral health EXCEPT one would apply to this situation. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. Assess oral health status and implement an oral health surveillance system b. Develop and implement policies and systematic plans that support state and community oral health efforts c. Reduce barriers to care and assure utilization of personal and population-based oral health services d. Review, educate about, and enforce laws and regulations that promote oral health and ensure safe oral health practices
Answer: d Correct Rationale: The programs described in this scenario (statewide oral health screening of school-age children and planning programs for local implementation) do not relate to laws and regulations that promote oral health and ensure safe oral health practices. Incorrect Rationales: a. The statewide screening is a research method used to assess oral health status. This oral health survey can be designed in such a way that the data can be used for statewide surveillance as well. b. The program development phase will include systematic plans to support community oral health efforts for the children. These plans may also involve developing school policies to support oral health. Local efforts should support state goals. c. Improving utilization of personal and population-based oral health services is an important way to improve oral health status; reducing barriers to care will be a necessary objective to improve utilization.
In your new position as the Oral Health Program Coordinator at the State Health Department, you are asked to conduct a statewide screening project to determine the oral health status of school-age children. After you collect and analyze the data from the statewide survey, you are to determine what oral health programs you would like to plan that will address the needs of children in your state. Once programs are selected and prioritized, you will be involved in planning the programs for local implementation. 3. Which one of the major agencies within the DHHS would have the most possibilities for funding the programs you select to conduct? a. PHS (Public Health Service) b. ACF (Administration for Children and Families) c. CMS (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services) d. WIC (Women, Infants, and Children)
Answer: a Correct Rationale: There are eight operating agencies under the Public Health Service (PHS), including the CDC, NIH, and HRSA that are active in funding prevention programs and research projects that would relate to this program. Also, HRSA is a source of funding for school-based health centers. Incorrect Rationales: b. Although the Administration of Children and Families (ACF) has the potential to fund a program through the Head Start program, it is a single agency under the DHHS. c. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has the potential for funding dental treatment, including preventive treatment (sealants and fluoride varnish). However, it will not fund the educational phase of the necessary programming, and it is also a single agency. d. The Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program does not serve school-age children.
In your new position as the Oral Health Program Coordinator at the State Health Department, you are asked to conduct a statewide screening project to determine the oral health status of school-age children. After you collect and analyze the data from the statewide survey, you are to determine what oral health programs you would like to plan that will address the needs of children in your state. Once programs are selected and prioritized, you will be involved in planning the programs for local implementation. 1. Which core public health function is addressed through the initial phase of this project? a. Assurance b. Assessment c. Policy development d. Planning
Answer: b Correct Rationale: The initial phase of the project is the statewide screening, which describes an assessment activity. Assessment is the core public health function that involves collection and analysis of data for use in planning programs. Incorrect Rationales: a. Assurance is the core public health function that involves the public health agencies acting to ensure that necessary services are provided, either directly, by other entities, or through regulation. This follows the identification of needs through assessment. c. Policy development is the core public health function in which a public health agency develops policies to promote health and prevent disease. This may or may not involve advocating for legislative action or policy adoption by a non-health-related organization such as a school board or state-level education agency. Policy development follows the identification of needs through assessment. d. Planning is the stage of program planning in which goals, objectives, and strategies are developed; it is not a core function of public health. Planning is a necessary step in any of the core functions.
In your new position as the Oral Health Program Coordinator at the State Health Department, you are asked to conduct a statewide screening project to determine the oral health status of school-age children. After you collect and analyze the data from the statewide survey, you are to determine what oral health programs you would like to plan that will address the needs of children in your state. Once programs are selected and prioritized, you will be involved in planning the programs for local implementation. 4. The initial phase of the project you are assigned relates to which private practice function? a. Diagnosis b. Treatment c. Examination d. Evaluation
Answer: c Correct Rationale: The oral health survey (statewide screening) is the method used to collect information about the priority group of school-age children in the state to identify and prioritize oral health needs and to plan programs to address those needs. This method is comparable to the examination in private practice, which is used to collect data for use in diagnosis and treatment planning. Incorrect Rationales: a. Diagnosis corresponds to the analysis of data in a community program. b. Treatment corresponds to the program implementation. d. Evaluation corresponds to the program evaluation.
You are a dental hygienist serving on a health team at a community-based healthcare facility. The executive director has called a meeting about the need to plan a community health assessment in the surrounding neighborhood served by the community health center. This community health assessment is an essential component of the center's application to receive continued grant funding. Your role as a member of the planning committee is to provide input on the components of the community health assessment. 5. Both primary and secondary data can be either qualitative or quantitative in describing a community. Qualitative data are expressed as a quantity or amount. a. The first statement is true, and the second statement is false. b. The second statement is true, and the first statement is false. c. Both statements are true. d. Both statements are false.
chapter 3
You are a dental hygienist serving on a health team at a community-based healthcare facility. The executive director has called a meeting about the need to plan a community health assessment in the surrounding neighborhood served by the community health center. This community health assessment is an essential component of the center's application to receive continued grant funding. Your role as a member of the planning committee is to provide input on the components of the community health assessment. 1. What is the first step the committee should take for the community health assessment? a. Collect data from existing resources. b. Identify critical health issues and select health priorities. c. Mobilize the community by forming key partnerships and recruiting participants to collaborate in the community health assessment. d. Plan and collect primary health data in the community.
chapter 3
You are a dental hygienist serving on a health team at a community-based healthcare facility. The executive director has called a meeting about the need to plan a community health assessment in the surrounding neighborhood served by the community health center. This community health assessment is an essential component of the center's application to receive continued grant funding. Your role as a member of the planning committee is to provide input on the components of the community health assessment. 2. During the data collection phase of the community health assessment, all of the following are government resources for health data that the committee could use EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? a. Population surveys from the Bureau of the Census b. State health surveys c. Health and dental records from a private hospital d. CDC Cancer Registry
chapter 3
You are a dental hygienist serving on a health team at a community-based healthcare facility. The executive director has called a meeting about the need to plan a community health assessment in the surrounding neighborhood served by the community health center. This community health assessment is an essential component of the center's application to receive continued grant funding. Your role as a member of the planning committee is to provide input on the components of the community health assessment. 3. What is the name used for the comprehensive description of the community that includes comprehensive, detailed community data? a. Community asset map b. Community profile c. Primary data collection d. Plan for the community assessment
chapter 3
You are a dental hygienist serving on a health team at a community-based healthcare facility. The executive director has called a meeting about the need to plan a community health assessment in the surrounding neighborhood served by the community health center. This community health assessment is an essential component of the center's application to receive continued grant funding. Your role as a member of the planning committee is to provide input on the components of the community health assessment. 4. The data collection method that would be the most costly and time-consuming would be which of the following? a. Windshield tour b. Mailed survey c. Person-to-person interview d. Telephone interview
chapter 3