community test 1
According to a national study, (Healthcare Forum, 1994), the important determinants of a health community include: (Select all that apply)
A. A low crime rate B. Good place to bring up children D. Good schools E. Healthy economy
A community health nurse is trying to figure out why chronic diseases like breast cancer are more prevalent in women in rural areas. Which of the following do you think are the main reasons for this? Select all that apply.
A. Distance for preventative screenings are more than 20 miles C. There is a lack of health insurance for people in rural areas E. Finances are usually limited for people in rural areas
A high school nurse is collaborating with the sexual education instructor to educate young women on ways to prevent breast cancer. Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
A. Educate young girls on how to care for their own body
The nurse is working on a committee to evaluate the need for a needle exchange program in the community. In doing so, the nurse is fostering the concept of what?
A. Health promotion
You are researching information to find out more about a specific community. You need data involving records of births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and adoptions in the area. Which of the following sources of health data could you utilize? Select all that apply.
A. Hospital D. Local Courthouse
A doctor in Monroe County has already seen 5 cases of Hepatitis C in the month of January. Last year, he only saw 6 cases throughout the entirety of the year. Who should the doctor suspect to be the aggregates in the recent uprise in these cases? Select all that apply.
A. IV drug users C. Those who have a risky sex life
A nurse at the IU Health Center notices a dramatic increase in chlamydia cases on campus. What is the nurse's first priority when conducting a needs assessment?
A. Identify resources for sex education and free/low-cost forms of birth control (condoms) on campus
Churches and synagogues are important to community health nursing. As a community parameter, religion is important in what way?
A. It influences values in community by organizing common interests and concerns
A community health nurse reviewed a census report and discovered that a district contained many elderly people. This knowledge directed the nurse toward further assessment of the social resources (i.e., housing, transportation, and community centers), health resources (i.e., hospitals, nursing homes, and geriatric clinics), and health problems among aging people. By identifying the trends in the population over time, the community health nurse BIGGEST concern is:
A. To modify public health programs to meet the changing needs of the community.
A research team at a hospital are about to open up an online community forum to start their data collection- what are some disadvantages to this approach that they must keep in mind when analyzing their data? (select all that apply)
Online forums exclude some people such as those without access to a computer and those who can't write or read the lack of physical cues may lead to miscommunication/misunderstanding Participants may accidentally go off topic within a particular discussion thread
A public health worker has completed a needs assessment and determined the lack of access to nearby grocery stores leading to inadequate nutrition to be a problem within her community, what would be her next step in the ADPIE process?
Plan her goals relating to this problem diagnosis using evidence based practice
A nurse teaches an asthmatic client to recognize and avoid exposure to asthma triggers and assists the client's family in implementing specific protection strategies in the home, such as removing carpets and avoiding pets. The nurse's activities can be described as:
Primary prevention
Which of the following would not be a major feature of a community?
The mayor
A student nurse is interested in how Indiana's tobacco use compares to the national average tobacco use- what is the best source to gather this data from?
Use a reliable and up to date source such as CDC- National Center for Health statistics to compare Indiana's tobacco prevalence among the United States
A community health nurse is trying to find data to start a survey for elderly populations in Scott County, IN. Which of the following resources are good examples to gain data? Select all that apply.
Windshield Survey CDC Large health care data sets (CMS) Peer reviewed research articles
A nurse is planning to conduct a study to address the Opioid crisis in a particular southern Indiana county. The nurse is examining the community's functions and subsystems to determine existing and potential health problems that may be related to the Opioid crisis. Which of the following would be examples of community functions?
a. Education opportunities b. Number of safe and clean parks d. Accessible health services
You are giving a presentation about community health advisors (CHA), what would you include in your presentation? (Select all that apply):
a. They can serve as a bridge between healthcare institutions and groups that lack access to health care services a. Community members can be CHA's
A patient wants to know what are some resources that are available to her since she lives in a food desert. The nurse is concerned that this patient will not be able to get the proper food that she needs to better her health and decrease her blood sugar. What should the nurse communicate in this situation?
d. "What type of resources would you like to learn about and are there resources that you have already tried?"
What would be the first step a nurse conducting a "Needs Assessment" on a rural community would prioritize as his/her first step in the process?
d. Identify any gaps in services or access of that community
A patient is asking a nurse why they have to fill the census form every time I have appointment. Which of following answers from the community health nurse is not correct?
d. The census form is way of life and needed by the government.
The surveys conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, including surveys on crime, housing, and labor, census reports, and vital statistics can all be accessed through the public library and the internet.
true
In order to best control the spread of diseases in rural communities, what should the nurse communicate to her community and patients.
1. Implementing a needle exchange 2. Providing education about the spread of diseases 4. Identify risk factors that the patients could come across
A community health nurse needs to understand the community's perspective on health status, the services it uses or requires, and its concerns. What would be the most appropriate measure for the community health nurse to take?
A community needs assessment that has data collected directly from an aggregate
A community health nurse in Paoli, IN has recently launched a diabetes prevention program. The nurse wants to begin nutrition classes for the elementary schools in Orange County. She plans to assess the progress of the program in 1 year. Which of the following would a nurse NOT use to evaluate the progress the community has made toward the goal of the program?
A. Ask the parents to evaluate the progress of their children
You are apart of Alabama REACH 2010 helping implement the use of community health advisors (CHAs) to improve preventative breast and cervical cancer screening among women that live in the Black Belt region of the state. Which of the following are useful concerning CHAs? Select all that apply
A. CHAs able to connect with the patients on a social level B. CHAs are able to explain the importance of screenings C. CHAs travel out to people's homes in the community E. CHAs bridge the gap between healthcare institutions and the community
A community health nurse has noticed an increase in childhood obesity and a decrease in physical activity among the local students. She wants to perform a needs assessment regarding the local sidewalks and ability for kids to walk to school. Which forms of data collection would be useful in her assessment (select all that apply)?
A. Interviewing parents on the condition of their neighborhoods, their feeling of safety, and if they would allow their child to walk to school B. Initiating a community forum in which members of the community are able to share their thoughts on the local sidewalks, physical activity, and walking to school E. Direct observation of the ways in which children get to school, and the usage of sidewalks in the community
A nurse is wanting to gain insight about the communities' health organizations. To gain information about health manpower, she would contact which source:
A. Local and state health planning agencies
IU Health Bedford has been receiving more opioid overdoses in the ER than usual. An ER nurse notices this and wants to find more data on opioid overdoses. What are some reliable sources of data?
A. National Center for Health Statistics B. The World Health Organization (WHO) A. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
A community health nurse has conducted a needs assessment in a rural community and established a diagnosis of knowledge deficit related to IV drug use and HIV transmission. She wants to implement an educational program to reduce the fear and stigma surrounding IV drug use. Which of the following aggregates within the community would be the most appropriate targets for this program (select all that apply)?
A. Police officers and first responders C. Parents of the local high school E. The nursing staff at the local clinic
There is a current community flu pandemic occurring in many places around the world. Fortunately, it has not impacted your community yet. . In regards to community health, what is the community health nurses top priority?
A. Preventing an outbreak of the flu through community awareness efforts.
Nurses can gather valuable information about the causes and prevalence of health and disease in a community through epidemiological studies. Therefore, based on this information, the community health nurse can apply which of the following from an individual client level to target aggregate in the community?
A. The nursing processes B. Expanding assessment C. Diagnosis D. Planning E. Intervention & Evaluation
A student is working with a public health nurse to perform a community assessment on a local town. During the assessment phase of the process, the student nurse volunteers to carry out a windshield survey of the area. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further teaching?
B. "I will interview locals to further clarify my observations."
Formal data collection does not exist for all community aspects; therefore, many community health nurses must perform additional data collection, compilation, and analysis. For example, school nurses regularly use aggregate data from student records to learn about the demographic composition of their population. What is the BEST way the nurse can collect this data?
B. Conduct ongoing surveys of classroom attendance and the causes of illness, along with screening the entire population to discover the disease.
The nurse is precepting a new nurse on their current assignment of assessing the various communities surrounding their community. Which of the following comments made by the new nurse should be corrected by the precepting nurse?
B. Having more sidewalks placed around the community could not increase physical activity.
A community health care nurse is preparing a needs assessment. Which of the following is the best course of action for planning the assessment?
B. Involve community members
A nurse is doing a home visit and sees a young girl in the room over that avoids making eye contact, is very withdrawn, and is unable to engage in conversation. Which should the nurse assess for within child abuse?
B. emotional neglect
A poor, older woman from a small town who doesn't make it to her doctor's visits for hypertension and type 2 diabetes is most at risk for:
B. health disparities
A new nurse is educating a group of nursing students on the purpose of a windshield survey. Which of the following statements made by the new nurse would require intervention by the experienced nurse?
C. "A windshield survey can help gather subjective information from members of a particular population"
A nurse is assessing a community and determining what sources of data are best to use. Which of the following statements by the nurse about data and its sources is incorrect:
C. "All community aspects have formal data collection, no additional data collection will be necessary."
A nurse has noticed increasing numbers of childhood obesity in her area of practice. She has decided that she wants to address this problem from a community standpoint. What is the first step the nurse needs to take moving forward?
C. Define the community.
A community health nurse is planning to conduct a study to address health disparities in Paoli, IN. To set the focus for the study, the nurse is conducting a needs assessment. Which of the following would be the most important first intervention to begin the needs assessment?
C. Gather subjective information from community members to identify the specific gaps in services and community access
You are asked by a community health nurse to conduct a needs assessment. What is the first step?
C. Identify the aggregate
A nurse is performing a full assessment on a patient who came in reporting uncomfortable and difficult breathing. The nurse discovers through assessment that the patient works in a factory and suspects this could be the cause of difficulty breathing. What is this community nurses first priority?
C. Inform the physician of your assessment findings.
You have decided to carry out a needs assessment focusing on sexual assault victims. You have reviewed several existing data sources and are now ready to collect new data. Which method would likely yield the most results given the chosen aggregate?
C. Surveys
A community health nurse is trying to gain an understanding of the environmental layout to locate any concern through the idea of "sight, sense, and sound". Which is the following ways is the best way for the nurse to observe the community and their roles?
C. The nurse should conduct a windshield survey in order to learn about the community
A nurse is hoping to implement a Syringe Access Program into her community due to the recent increase in individual's newly diagnosed with Hepatitis C. She is experiencing pushback from local officials. Which of the following is the best response to the effectiveness of SAPs.
D. SAPs are an example of harm reduction which proves to be effective in preventing disease transmission and linking individuals to social services and health care they might require.
A nurse is starting the process of assessing a community's health and diagnosis its health needs. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
Define the community
Your team is holding a public health fair in your community which has been identified by the CDC as the county with the highest rates of diabetes in northeast Indiana. What would you include as primary prevention? Select all that apply.
Dietary teaching b. Education on early signs and symptoms of diabetes
A nurse is performing a community assessment of kids from ages 5-12 in a rural area. Which of the following types of strategies should the nurse have for the dietary and nutrition levels of this specific population and location? Select all that apply.
Do an assessment of their health by looking through school lunch programs and their nutrition rate Look for number of school kids having access to healthcare systems Ask parents for their childs' diet in home settings
Factors related to the determinants of health identified in Healthy People 2020 include which of the following (select all that apply)?
Education and literacy Genetic endowment Gender Culture Social status
When applying the nursing process to environmental health, the nurse would:
Include outcome measures that involve mitigation and elimination of the contributing factors
After visiting a rural town in her state, a community health nurse is trying to put together a community health diagnosis. Which of the following is the correct way to format this diagnosis?
Increased risk of hypertension among pregnant women related to poor nutrition as demonstrated in the lack of awareness of healthy choices
A nurse wants to assess a community's perspective and concerns regarding health care needs in this community. What would be the best first approach for the nurse to take to gather data about the community?
Interview key informants in the community
A community health nurse is trying to obtain data about diabetes and sugar intake rates in a elderly population in Bloomington, IN. Which of the following intervention should the nurse take first?
Interviewing key informants
Which of the following is incorrect about why the 10-year census is important to community health nurses?
The census provides information about specific health disparities in each geographic region
What are types of communities that community health nurses can assess? Select all that apply.
a. A dorm b. A school c. A club d. A town
Which statement about communities requires further teaching?
a. A safe and healthy environment is more important than accessing quality health care
Which of the following interventions represents primary prevention?
a. AIDS and STD education for high school graduates
A public health nurse is teaching about disparities seen in Black Belt community, which statement requires further teaching?
a. African american women experience the same breast cancer mortality rates as white women
A nurse is wanting to begin a smoking cessation lecture in a rural community. When selecting an aggregate for this certain lecture, what factors should be considered. Select all that apply.
a. Age b. Income c. Religious affiliation d. Location e. Ethnicity
Which of the following are true regarding the decennial census (select all that apply)?
a. By comparing the current census data with past data and information, nurses can detect trends and differences that occur over time in a community b. The census collects information regarding population size, age distribution, sex, race, and ethnicity c. The census counts each individual separately; the characteristics of each person within the household are documented separately d. The census allows us to collect specific data to describe characteristics of smaller populations within the United States (states, counties, etc)
Community health nurses must understand the community's perspective on health status, the services it uses and requires, and its concerns. Which form of data collection would best benefit nurses in reaching an understanding of their community's health literacy about the risks associated with tobacco use?
a. Community forums a. Questionnaires/surveys b. Focus groups
A nurse is doing a windshield survey in a rural population that she is about to work in. What should she be looking for during this windshield survey? Select all that apply.
a. Determine areas that need further investigations b. Tone of the community d. Available resources that the community has access to
As a nurse you identify an opioid crisis in your county. You know you need to complete a needs assessment as your first step in data collection. What is the vital first step?
a. Identify gaps in service and access
You have partnered with a team of nurses, physicians, and public health workers to take on the high obesity rates within your county. Which of the following data collection approaches should you utilize first?
a. Interviewing key informants
By conducting a "Windshield Survey," what is the most beneficial data that can be collected that would help the population of a rural community as a whole?
a. Methods of accessible transportation
A nurse is assessing a type two diabetic patient and he states he eats frozen meals, drinks an excess amount of soda, and states he watches television all day. What are important factors to learn about the patient before teaching the patient. Select all that apply.
a. Neighborhood safety b. Money c. Accessibility to resources d. Availability of fresh fruits and vegetables e. Emotional support
A nurse is developing a community education program about the risk factors for childhood obesity. Which of the following aggregates of people should the nurse address in her teaching? Select all that apply.
a. Parents of school-aged children c. A small group of 1st grade students d. P.E. teachers within the school corporation
A community health nurse wants to launch a diabetes prevention program in the local schools. Who would be key informants that her team would meet with? Select all that apply.
a. School Nurse b. Lunchroom staff c. Students d. Parents of the students e. School Administrators
A community health or public health nurse has noticed an increase in youth tobacco use in her community. Which of the following aggregates would a nurse want to direct education about tobacco use towards? Select all that apply.
a. School-aged children b. Parents of school aged children d. Administrators/Educators e. Pediatric Nursing Staff
A patient presents himself to the Local clinic and explains to the nurse he has an appointment and that driving here just cost him a meal. Which of the following can the nurse do? (Select all that apply)
a. Speak with the other nurses and discuss performing a windshield survey c. Speak with the man about how he feels about getting to the doctor d. Obtain a history and physical for the patient. e. Ask him where he lives and where he shops for food
A school nurse wants to implement a group counseling session for asthmatic students to recognize and avoid triggers that would lead to an asthma attack. In doing so, the nurse's implementation would be best described as:
a. Tertiary prevention
If a nurse researcher needed to know certain demographic variables such as the distribution of age, sex, etc. for the community in which they are performing their research, where would they look to find this information?
a. The US Census
A nurse researcher surveyed a community and came up with a community diagnosis of the health problems affecting the community. Which components of her community diagnosis followed the correct format of a community diagnosis?
a. The identification of the health problem b. The affected aggregate or community c. The etiological or casual or statement d. The evidence or support for the diagnosis
You are a public health nurse looking for health promotion in the community. Which of the following examples already in place can be categorized as secondary prevention activities? Select all that apply.
a. Vision screening of a fourth grade class d. Dental examinations e. Organized screening programs for communities
A correctional nurse is concerned about the increasing rates of prisoner admissions to a correctional facility that are testing positive for HIV. The nurse wants to complete a needs assessment for the population in efforts to decrease HIV prevalence and transmission in the prison. What should the nurse not do in efforts to compile data about the population?
a. Walk through the lounges of the prison and gather sensory information that will enable the nurse to jot down preconceived notions about the population
A community health nurse is assigned patients in a new area and wants to observe people and their role in the community. What is the best way to obtain this information?
a. Windshield survey
Nurses in a rural community want to start an initiative to promote access to healthy and affordable foods. Which of the following resources would be most beneficial to contact to promote this idea? (select all that apply)
a. community supported agriculture programs b. farmers markets d. community grocery stores
Epidemiology plays an important role in determining disease patterns within a certain population. What can you acquire from the six new patients with food poisoning who attended the same restaurant on New Year's Eve?
attack rate
Which of the following best describes the role of the community health nurse?
b. Applying nursing skills to care for individuals, families, and groups where they live, work, or go to school
After you assess a boy's and girl's club in Indianapolis, what is the next step your team needs to take before being able to make a plan to help that community?
b. Diagnosis
You are caring for a patient with Type 2 diabetes in a rural community. What is the best way to begin data collection?
b. Interview key informants
A nurse researcher is conducting a needs assessment in a community where there is an obesity problem. What would be the best first approach to gather data for this needs assessment?
b. Interview local doctors, school officials.
The HIV outbreak in Southern Indiana stemmed from a new drug called Opana. This drug specifically increased HIV incidences because:
b. It requires around 15 injections a day
What is considered a problem that a community health nurse should help find issues for? Select all that apply.
b. No place to buy fresh fruits/vegetables/or meat c. No transportation to health care services d. No place to get prescriptions in the community
A community health nurse has been assigned to care for a group of clients in Indianapolis, IN where cardiovascular disease is a major health concern. Which of the following is the BEST way for the nurse to gain an understanding of the community and its environmental features?
b. Perform a windshield survey
A public health nurse has noted an increase in HIV and Hepatitis C cases in her county over the past two years. She has begun an initiative to screen at-risk populations in her community. Which level of prevention would this be considered?
b. Secondary prevention
A public health nurse is providing education to a client who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. During the teaching, the nurse emphasizes the importance of inspecting the skin daily for dryness, cuts, or redness. This can be described as an example of -
b. Secondary prevention
A community nurse is interested in gathering data about a random community for a research project. What is the best first step in gathering this information?
b.) Checking the census should be the nurse's first step as it obtains information regarding sex, population, age, race, and ethnicity.
After community health advisors noticed an increase in breast cancer mortality rates in areas throughout the Alabama black belt, they implemented a secondary prevention program. Which is a form of secondary prevention that they used?
c. Breast and cervical screenings
A nurse is on a college campus performing a secondary prevention method about HIV/AIDS. Which of the following topics would the nurse be using?
c. Encourage testing and counseling for clients with known exposure or who are in high risk groups.
Key informants are not only helpful, but they are the best way to collect data that a census or windshield survey cannot. It adds strength.
c. Identify aggregate
A school nurse is planning to teach an education class on the increased risk of undetected testicular cancer in young men. She will be teaching the class to junior and senior boys. What teaching point should NOT be included in the health education class?
c. Men should begin self examinations at the age of 21
Which of the following would be the least effective way to advance the quality of health of rural communities?
c. Providing preventative screenings for free at a local clinic
A patient is being discharged from the hospital who has limited transportation to get to local farmers markets, health appointments, and religious services. Who would be the best person to refer the patient to?
c. Social worker to provide transportation options within the community
A patient in a rural Indiana county with diabetes is talking with their health care provider about ways to access healthier food options and fresh produce. Which of the following would be an accessible, healthy option that also supports the surrounding community to offer to the patient?
c. local farmers market
A new community nurse wants to do a needs assessment for her community. Which statement made by the nurse is incorrect?
c.) "Key informants are helpful for data collection, but not needed."
The nurse is educating the patient on disease prevention regarding a recent outbreak of influenza within the community. Which statement below is the most correct?
c.) Going for a checkup when you exhibit muscle aches and a cough is a good practice of secondary prevention for the flu.
A nurse has been caring for a patient who was admitted to the ED with complaints of fatigue, joint pain, and persistent coughing. The patient was diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and contracted the disease from dirty needle drug use. What tertiary prevention activity should the nurse complete with this patient before discharge?
d. Provide education on the management of HIV infection, advocacy, care management, and other interventions
A group of nurses are working at a clinic in a rural community with a population that heavily struggles with diabetes management, obesity, tobacco use, and depression. The nurses want to know what, if any, role these risk factors and diseases play in the mortality/morbidity rate in the community. What source of data would be the most helpful?
d. Vital statistics