CompTIA A+ Certification Practice Test 1 (Exam 220-1001), A+ 220 1001 Review Questions, CompTIA A+ 220-1001, Comptia A+ 220-1001 Objectives, A+ Foundations 220-1001, Messer 220-1001-2, A+ 220-1001, 220-1001 / 220-1002 A+ Acronyms, CompTIA 220-1001 te...
TCP
(Transmission Control Protocol) ●Every packed checked for successful transmission ●If the receiving computer doesn't get a packet it will ask for it again ●Should not lose any packets
TLS
(Transport Layer Security) An update of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol for encrypting data before it is transmitted over a network
WWAN
(Wireless Wide Area Network) A computer network that enables users to wirelessly connect to their offices or the Internet via a cellular network. Sometimes referred to as wireless broadband.
TDR
(time domain reflectometer) Detects the location of a fault in a copper cable by sending an electric signal down the copper cable and measuring the time required for the signal to bounce back from the cable fault. A TDM can then mathematically calculate the location of the fault.
UDP
(user Datagram Protocol) ●Packets are checked for delivery ●Can possibly Lose packets"show must go on" ●Used for real-time communication:voice or video calls or live stream events
2.7 Fiber Internet Connection
*Excellent speed and bandwidth but expensive *Voice, video, data can be sent on same fiber *1 Gbit/sec
3.5 BIOS/UEFI Firmware updates
*Modern BIOS is written to EEPROM chip that can be updated via software *Firmware update called flashing the BIOS
3.1 SATA Hard Drive Cable
*Serial ATA *Uses serial transmission
3.3 Triple Channel RAM
*Use 3 RAM modules with identical speed and capacity.
System Information
A Windows tool that provides details about a system, including installed hardware and software, the current system configuration, and currently running programs. The program file is Msinfo32.exe
ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
BDaaS
Big Data as a Service
Meausred Service
Cloud computing feature which refers to cloud provider's ability to monitor and meter the customer's use of resources
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)
Cloud-hosted provider of virtualized servers and networks. Allows user to run their own data center
2.4 4G
Consolidated wireless cellular technologies (GSM and CDMA)
MPEG
Moving Picture Experts Group
OS
Operating System
You need to replace a computer's power supply. When you purchase the new power supply, you notice an 8-pin power connection. For which device type is this connection intended?
PCI Express device
RF
Radio Frequency
SAN
Storage Area Network
WPA
WiFi Protected Access
HAL
hardware abstraction layer
3.5 IDE
*Also known as PATA (parallel ATA) *40 pin connector for parallel data communication *Hard drive, optical drive, tape drive interface
3.8 Configuration for Thin Client
*Basic applications *Meets minimum requirements for selected OS *Network connectivity
3.5 Cooling Mechanisms: Heat Sink
*Can be active (with a fan) or passive *Passive heat sinks dissipate heat through thermal conduction. Heat sinks are made of copper or aluminum alloy. Heat sinks take the heat from a component and dissipate the heat up through the conductors of the heat sink.
3.1 USB-C
*Can be inserted either way
3.1 Thunderbolt
*Can daisy chain up to 6 devices *High speed serial connector *Data and power *Version 1: -Sends data over 2 channels with 10 Gbit/s per channel, which means 20 Gbit/s total throughput. -Uses the MiniDisplay port connector. *Version 2: - 20 Gbit/s throughput but it does so via an aggregation of channels versus just 2 channels. -Uses the MiniDisplay port connector. *Version 3: - aggregated throughput of 40 Gbit/s. -Uses a USB-C connector.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Flickering Display
*Can indicate a connector problem. You may have to replace a bad video cable or replace malfunctioning video hardware that is connecting the LCD display to the motherboard of the laptop
3.1 DVI (DVI-D/DVI-I)
*DVI-D: digital signals only. -Single or dual link *DVI-I: analog and digital -single or dual link
2.6 Gateway
*Default Gateway: IP address of a router on your local subnet, which allows traffic beyond the internal network
2.8 Multimeter
*Includes a voltmeter, ohmmeter, ammeter. *Used to measure voltage, current, and resistance
3.4 Mini-SD Card
*Larger than Micro-SD but smaller than SD. *20 mm x 21.4 mm x 1.4 mm
3.5 mATX
*Micro-ATX *Max of 4 expansion slots and 4 DIMM slots *244 mm square
1.2 OLED Laptop Display
*Organic Light Emitting Diode *Made up of organic compounds that emit light when electric currents are provided. *Advantages of OLED: Thinner, lighter, and more flexible; No backlight required so it provides a better color representation and can achieve true black. *Disadvantages of OLED: Susceptible to burn in; Organic materials degrade over time; More expensive than LCD; Consumes more power than LCD
2.4 RFID
*Radio Frequency Identification *Uses radar technology. Radio energy is transmitted to the tag which powers the tag. ID from tag is transmitted back. Active tags mean the tag is powered on its own.
3.1 Plenum
*Rated for use in plenum spaces (space in building used for heating and AC systems) *Fire rated *PVC replaced with Teflon like material
3.1 Hard Drive Cable Types
*SATA *IDE *SCSI
3.1 SCSI Hard Drive Cable
*Small Computer System Interface *Used for hard disks and tape drives, but can also do scanners, CD drives *Devices can be on a single bus which must be terminated at the end. 8 or 16 devices can attach to a single bus depending on if the bus is wide (0-15) or narrow (0-7) *SCSI set by jumper or by the slot the device is installed into *Host bus controller usually plugged into a slot in the computer or integrated into the motherboard
3.4 Micro-SD Card
*Smallest at 11mm x 15mm x 11 mm
2.1 SMB/CIFS
*TCP Port: 445 *Server Message Block (aka Common Internet File System) *Application layer protocol used to provide shared access to resources.
2.1 HTTP
*TCP Port: 80 *Hypertext Transfer Protocol *Used for communication between a web server and a web browser.
2.8 Punchdown Tool
*Used to attached twisted pair network cable to connectors within a patch panel
USB 2.0
-480 megabits per second -5 meters
Which of the following connections are typically on the external PC chassis?
-eSATA -IEEE 1394
SATA 3.2
16 Gbit/s 1 meter
Which of the following answers lists the most common magnetic drive form factor used in laptops?
2.5 inch
3.11 3D Printers: Plastic filament
3D printing is also referred to as additive manufacturing, which means you start with nothing and then you melt filament layer by layer to create the object. This is opposite of starting with a block of material and cutting away from the material to get your desired object. 3D printing allows for rapid prototyping. You'd can design and create an object relatively quickly and inexpensively. Since the designs are electronic, you can send your design anywhere and print the object on any 3D printer.
3.2 Identify eSATA
A modern type of connector for attaching external hard disks
Which option would you be asking for if the request was sent out over port 53?
A name to IP address mapping
If a power wire is red what is the voltage? A. +5 V B. +12 V C. -12 V D. +3.3V E. +5 V Standby F. Ground
A. +5 V
Which of the following devices is BEST to use when designing a SOHO network to ensure the least amount of collisions? A. Switch B. Bridge C. Hub D. Access point
A. Switch
_____ is the main storage area for programs and data when the computer is running. A. System Memory B. SSD C. HDD D. Cache
A. System Memory
What is the newer version of BIOS called? A. UEFI B. EUFI C. FIUE D. FUIE
A. UEFI
The uncontrolled development of more and more virtual machines. A. VM sprawl B. VM escaping C. VM D. SpiNet
A. VM Sprawl
What is the little triangle that might be in the corner of the CPU chip? A. alignment mark B. whether it is a PGA or LGA C. The model of CPU D. There are no marks
A. alignment mark
Which technology is used for showing patient's data to a surgeon?
AR
Advanced Technology Extended
ATX stands for:
What is scalability?
Ability of a network to grow to meet new demands
AUP
Acceptable Use Policy
ACL
Access Control List
AP
Access Point
What is the function of a laptop's smart card reader?
Access control
What will happen if you enable airplane mode?
All wireless transceivers will be disabled at once
USB On-The-Go (OTG)
Allows a port to function as either a host or as a device. For example, a port on a smartphone might operate as a device when connected to a PC but as a host when connected to a keyboard.
"Cloud" synchronization refers to copying your data to which location?
An Internet-hosted server
Lightning Cable
Apple proprietary 8-pin cable. higher power output than Micro-USB. Can be inserted either way, and are more durable.
3.2 Identify Lightning Connector
Apple proprietary connector, 8 pins, generally used to charge an Apple mobile device
AirPrint
Apple technology that allows iOS devices to print wirelessly to compatible printers.
How many pins will I find on a second generation i7? A. 1366 B. 1156 C. 1155 D. 2011
B. 1156
When i want to mirror a display from one screen to the next what is the drop down I would select? A. Extend these displays B. Duplicate these displays C. Find displays D. Use a mirror and hold it so that the display can be mirrored
B. Duplicate these displays
If i need to do full drive encryption what is required on the motherboard? A. BitLocker B. TPM C. Cache D. USB
B. TPM
USB standard that operates at up to 480 Mbps. A. USB 1.0 B. USB 2.0 C. USB 3.0 D. USB 3.1
B. USB 2.0
DDR4
BUS CLOCK(MHz)1066-2133 DATA RATE(MT/s) 2133-3200 VOLTAGE(V)1.2
3.10 Configure Wireless Device Sharing: Bluetooth
Bluetooth connectivity is common on many printers so that you can directly print from mobile devices nearby.
BYOD
Bring Your Own Device
The device that allows two different networks to communicate with one another is: A. a repeater B. a hub C. a router D. an access point
C. A router
What do firewalls use to allow or disallow traffic through? A. LACs B. CALs C. ACLs D. Inbound
C. ACLs
What type of wireless communication has a very short distance? A. Bluetooth B. 802.11a C. NFC D. 802.11b
C. NFC
What systems builds require the most use of RAM? A. Gaming Machines B. Video Editing Machines C. Virtual Machines D. Home Servers
C. Virtual Machines
You perform several hardware upgrades on a user's computer. You notice that the computer has an AMI BIOS. After completing the upgrades, you boot the computer. You hear seven short beeps. Which component should you check?
CPU
Central Processing Unit
CPU stands for:
2.2 Cable/DSL Modem
Cable: -Connection to broadband network provided by cable television company -Cable modem networks have speeds of 4 to 250 Mbits second. -Support for multiple services such as data (internet), voice (telephone), and video (cable tv). Digital Subscriber Line: -DSL modem networks use telephone lines -Max 10,000 feet from provider's central office -52Mbit per second downstream, 16 Mbit per second upstream
CAN
Campus Area Network
Which of the following is used for Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet networks and also used for telephone and video?
Cat 5
CIDR
Classless Inter-Domain Routing
Which of the following is feature of UDP?
Connectionless
Network Hub
Connects computers on a network. All traffic received is then repeated to every other port. Everything is half-duplex. Becomes less efficient as network speeds increase.
Which of the following performs management functions such as specifying the memory's clock signal?
Control bus
Which type of operation is usually performed by a digitizer?
Converting free-drawn images on a screen to ones and zeros
Which component of the optical fiber is made of the silica glass and is far more transparent than an ordinary consumer glass?
Core
How many pins on a VGA port? A. 9 B. 10 C. 7 D. 15
D. 15
You have a power supply with an 8-pin connector on it. What is this usually used for? A. CPU power B. HDD power C. I/O power D. PCIe power
D. PCIe power
What component supplies power to the motherboard? A. PUS B. UPS C. USP D. PSU
D. PSU
What type of memory does not require to have power applied to keep it stored? A. volatile B. Hot spare C. Hot swappable D. non-volatile
D. non-volatile
Time Domain Reflectometer (TDR)
Detects the location of a fault in a copper cable by sending an electric signal down the copper cable and measuring the time required for the signal to bounce back from the cable fault. A TDM can then mathematically calculate the location of the fault.
DIN
Deutsche Industrie Norm
Laser Printer Maintenance (Calibration)
Different toner cartridges have different densities, some darker, some lighter. Calibration can adjust the density to make things look better. This may be an automated or manual process, depending on the printer.
DDoS
Distributed Denial of Service
DIMM
Dual Inline Memory Module
DIMM
Dual inline memory module.
What tool will be required for replacing a power supply unit (PSU) from a computer?
Electro-static gloves
EMI
Electromagnetic Interference
EMP
Electromagnetic Pulse
ESD
Electrostatic Discharge
ERD
Emergency Repair Disk
You need to find a motherboard for an Athlon X4 CPU. What kind of socket should you look for?
FM2+
Which performance feature of a webcam is responsible for producing smoother motion in a video?
FPS
TCP 20/21
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) non-secure file transfer.
A fuse is rated in max volts (V). True or False
False
Plenum-rated cable
Fire-resistant cable designed for airways, conduits, and areas sprinklers cannot reach. Made of fluorinated ethylene polymer (FEP) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
Which of the following issues occur due to an incompatible display driver?
Flickering image
FDD
Floppy Disk Drive
Which of the following laptop features allows to overcome standard keyboard size restrictions?
Fn key
Molex Connectors
For older devices, the computer power supply comes from this type of connector. It is usually white and has 4 pins plus red, yellow, and black wires.
You are responsible for providing printer maintenance for your company's laser printers. A user reports that a printer is having trouble bonding the toner to the paper. During which stage of the laser printing process does this occur?
Fusing
Which of the following allows the CPU to directly control displays, provided the motherboard has a display port?
GPU
3.6 Game Controllers
Game controller can come in the form of game pads or joystick controllers. Theses are usually connected via USB and are almost exclusively used for gaming use.
What feature of the smartphone/tablet enables automatic screen rotation and exercise step counters?
Gyroscope
Which display connection interface should you select for connecting a set-top box, to get the best picture quality?
HDMI
Which of the following supports all existing high-definition video formats along with enhanced definition format and standard definition formats?
HDMI
HDMI
High Definition Media Interface
HDMI
High Definition Multimedia Interface
Riser Card
If a PC case design is slimline and therefore does not have enough space for full height expansion cards, this type of card is used and installed at a right angle to the main board, enabling you to connect additional adapters to the system, in an orientation that is parallel to the motherboard and thus saves space.
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Dead pixels
If a pixel is always showing a color or constantly bright, it is called a stuck pixel. On the other hand, if the pixel is always black, it is a dead pixel. A stuck or dead pixel generally indicates a problem with the display itself, and to fix this you'll need to replace the display.
IRP
Incident Response Plan
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Swollen battery
Indicator of a failed battery. The battery swells due to a build up of gas. Be careful not to damage or puncture a swollen battery since it can lead to fire risks. If you notice a swollen battery, stop using that battery immediately and dispose of it properly.
ISA
Industry Standard Architecture
IR
Infrared
IrDA
Infrared Data Association
IaaS
Infrastructure as a Service
Authentication system protocol uses which of the following protocols that allows a client to access multiple network resources via a single sign-in?
Kerberos
KVM (2)
Kernel-based Virtual Machine Keyboard-Video-Mouse
KVM
Kernel-based Virtual Machine/ keyboard video mouse
Laser Printer Maintenance (Maintenance Kit)
Kits may include replacement feed rollers, a new fuser unit, etc. Check the page counter to determine when to perform maintenance Turn off the printer before replacing components Reset the page counter after maintenance
KB
Knowledge Base
Which of the following answers refers to a display technology most commonly used in modern laptops?
LCD
3.11 Laser Printer Maintenance: Apply Maintenance Kit
Laser printers components often wear out. Most laser printer manufacturers provide a standard maintenance kit. The maintenance kit provides everything you need to swap out during this scheduled maintenance process. For example replacement feed rollers, new fuser unit, etc. The maintenance should be scheduled according to the number of pages that have been printed. The printer will have a page counter to let you when maintenance should e scheduled. Remember to power down the printer and remove the power source before replacing the components in the printer. Reset the page counter once maintenance has been completed.
A network engineer wants to segment the network into multiple broadcast domains. Which of the following devices would allow for communication between the segments?
Layer 3 switch
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Burn in
Many modern displays will detect when an image has been displayed too long and will move the image slightly (one pixel or two) in a different direction to prevent the pixels from burning into the screen. Some LCDs may have a pixel that is stuck to a particular color because it was left on for an extended period of time. This is called "image sticking." You can sometimes fix this issue by displaying a white screen for an extended period.
3.10 Integrated print server (hardware)
Many network connected printers are able to manage print jobs inside of the printer itself. This means that they have an integrated print server. With an integrated print server, you're sending all of your print jobs directly to the printer. Jobs are queued internally on the printer. Jobs are managed on the printer itself. For example if you need to delete a print job or change a priority of the print job, you'll need to change this on the printer. You can manage the printer from the front panel of the printer or there may be a web based front end that allows you to connect to the printer with your browser. There could also be a client utility that you install on a computer to manage the printer.
MaaS
Monitoring as a Service
OLED
Organic Light Emitting Diode
OEM
Original Equipment Manufacturer
A PC with its connected Bluetooth devices, is an example of which of the following?
PAN
Field Replaceable Units (FRU)
PC components that are easily user-replaceable (or upgradeable)
Which of the following expansion slots uses a serial connection?
PCIe
PPM
Pages Per Minute
POST
Power On Self Test
PROM
Programmable Read-Only Memory
RFID
Radio Frequency Identification
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: S.M.A.R.T. Errors
S.M.A.R.T. Stands for Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology. S.M.A.R.T. Metrics are being performed on each of your hard drives.
Which of the following allows you to allocate network-based disk arrays as though they were local storage?
SAN
TCP 22
SSH (Secure Shell) secure data exchange
Which type of internal laptop hard drive combines high performance and capacity at a relatively low device cost?
SSHD
SATA
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
DB-25
Serial Communications D-Shell Connector, 25 Pins
SCSI
Small Computer System Interface
3.11 Inkjet Printer: Print Head
Some consumer printers integrate the print head into the ink cartridge. When you change the ink cartridge you're also replacing the print head. On larger commercial inkjet printers, they will separate the ink cartridge for the print head so that you can change them out individually. The printer talks directly to the print head connectors and then the ink is dispersed out of the small openings on the print head.
USB to Ethernet
Some laptops don't have an ethernet connection. Convert usb to ethernet.
SPDIF
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format
SPDIF
Sony-Philips Digital Interface Format (SPDIF) is a digital audio interconnection standard.
ST
Straight Tip Connector
Troubleshooting Printers (Bad Output)
Streaks and blurs Inkjet—Clean the print heads Lase—Check for scratched photosensitive drum Faded prints or blank pages -low toner or ink Ghost Images -laser printer optical drum not cleaned properly -ghost or "shadow" from previous drum rotation
R.A.I.D 0
Striping
RAID 5
Striping with parity. File blocks are striped along with a parity block. Requires at least 3 blocks. Pros—Redundancy. Drive failure does not affect data availability. Cons—Extra space is used for parity.
RAID 0
Striping. File blocks are split between 2+ physical drives. Pros—High performance Cons—No Redundancy
SIM
Subscriber Identity Module
SC
Subscription Channel
Which OLED display layer acts as the structural framework?
Substrate
SXGA
Super Extended Graphics Array
Susan called the help desk to ask about which type of BIOS password she should configure to restrict access to the BIOS setup program. Which password type would you explain?
Supervisor password
Which touch screen technology uses a glass panel with a receiving and a sending transducer along the sides of the panel?
Surface acoustic wave
3.5 BIOS/UEFI Inteface Configuration
The BIOS System setup allows you to enable or disable/enable expansion cards, ports, etc. You can adjust LED lighting if your system has them.
You administer computers on a Microsoft Windows 2003 TCP/IP network. On the network, you want to use a domain name-to-Internet Protocol (IP) address name resolution system that provides a central database on a server to resolve domain names to IP addresses. Which options should you implement on your network?
The Domain Name System (DNS)
IPv4
The Internet Protocol version 4 is the dominant protocol for routing traffic on the Internet, specifying "to" and "from" addresses using a dotted decimal such as "122.45.255.0".
You are performing some hardware upgrades on an old computer. You notice that the computer has an available Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) slot. Which statement is an accurate characterization of the architecture?
The PCI architecture supports 32- and 64-bit data transfers
John, a technician, is trying to connect to another computer on the LAN remotely but the connection fails. He opens the command prompt and types "telnet computername 3389" but gets the same error message again. Which of the following is the *most* likely cause of this error, assuming that the OS firewall has been disabled?
The RDP connection has been configured to use a non-standard port
An NTFS folder named Research is backed up on a regular basis. You restore the folder onto another hard drive but notice that the file permissions were not restored. What is the MOST likely reason this happened?
The files were restored on a FAT partition
Explain the five steps to pair a smartphone with a Bluetooth device.
The five steps to pair a smartphone with a Bluetooth device are as follows: 1. Turn on the Bluetooth hands-free device. A. Enable Bluetooth. B. Enable paring. 2. Use your mobile device to locate and select the Bluetooth device. 3. Enter the Bluetooth device's passcode. 4. Confirm pairing on the Bluetooth device by pressing a button or a combination of buttons. 5. Test the connectivity.
Laptop Inverter
The inverter is a small circuit board installed behind the LCD panel that takes DC current and inverts it to AC for the backlight. If you are having problems with flickering screens or dimness, it's more likely that the inverter is the problem and not the backlight itself.
3.6 Keyboard
The keyboard is a main peripheral for a computer. Keyboards are connected via USB or an adapter for PS/2. Most keyboards can function properly without special software. But if your keyboard provides additional features, then additional drivers or software may be required.
What happens at the exposing stage of the laser printing process?
The laser projects the image on the photosensitive drum
Interface
The point at which 2 devices connect and communicate with each other.
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)
The standard means of attaching internal storage drives to a desktop PC. Each of these host adapter ports supports a single device.
3.11 Thermal Printer: Special Thermal Paper
Thermal paper is covered with a chemical that changes color when heated.
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Oversized image and icons
This usually means the resolution is set too low. Remember that lower resolution means larger images and icons. The resolution should match the display's native resolution.
Which of the following describes the amount of traffic that can be passed through the network in a given time?
Throughput
TPM
Trusted Platform Module
TN
Twisted Nematic
UTM
Unified threat management. A security appliance that combined multiple security controls into a single solution. UTM appliances can inspect data streams for malicious content and often include URL filtering, malware inspection, and content inspection components.
DSL Modem (Device)
Uses telephone lines. Download speed is faster than upload speed. 10,000 foot limitation from the central office. 52mb/s down, 16mb/s up
VDI
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
VFAT
Virtual File Allocation Table
VLAN
Virtual LAN
VLAN
Virtual Local Area Network
Which of the following is the strongest wireless encryption standards?
WPA2-AES
WPA2
WiFi Protected Access 2
WPS
WiFi Protected Setup
WPS
WiFi Protected Setup Allows users to configure a wireless network without typing in the passphrase. (Can be done by pressing buttons or by entering a PIN)
WAN
Wide Area Network
WAN
Wide Area Network. Connects LANs across a distance, but much slower than LAN. Global span
WUXGA
Wide Ultra Extended Graphics Array
WEP
Wired Equivalency Privacy
1.3 Docking station
You can connect your external monitor, keyboard, mouse, and other accessories to the docking station to easily connect to your laptop. A docking station can extend the laptop interfaces. Some docking station allow you to add adapter cards for additional functionality.
Metered Service
You pay for what you use. There may be costs for individual uploads, downloads, and storage.
Non-Metered Service
You pay upfront for a specific amount of cloud resources, such as a 1 TB of storage space.
laser printing step 4: developing
add negative charged toner ti the imaging drum
ACPI
advanced configuration power interface
APM
advanced power management
ATA
advanced technology attachment
ATAPI
advanced technology attachment packet interface
AC
alternating current
FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
an internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading to and from other computers on the internet (TCP 20 active mode data)9, TCP 21 control)
DLT
digital linear tape
EMP
electromagnetic pulse
Which of the following addresses is equivalent to fe80.000:0000:0000:c249:3765:00c0:9b22?
fe80::c249:3765:c0:9b22
A program which stores information to boot and access basic hardware and is stored in ROM is known as a:
firmware
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Paper not feeding
first check the paper tray. Examine the pickup rollers to see if they are clean and working as expected. The pickup rollers do wear out over time so if they look worn down, replace them.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Streaks
first step would be to clean the print heads on an inkjet printer. If you're using a laser printer, check for scratches on the photosensitive drum. If there is a scratch on the photosensitive drum, you'll need to replace it. This may also require that you replace the toner cartridge.
FDD
floppy disk drive
HCL
hardware compatibility list
Hybrid Cloud
includes two or more private, public, or community clouds, but each cloud remains separate and is only linked by technology that enables data and application portability
ISA
industry standard architecture
LPD/LPR
line printer daemon / line printer remote
PPM
pages per minute
PCIX
peripheral component inerconnect extended
SRAM
static random access memory
Rapid Elasticity
storage, network bandwidth, and computing capacity can be increased or decreased immediately, allowing for optimal scalability
RAID 1+0 (RAID 10)
striping + mirroing
SC
subscription channel
POP3
tcp/110 Post Office Protocol version 3 used for retrieving email from a mailbox on the mail server
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
tcp/80 - communication in browser and other applications
UXGA
ultra extended graphics array
2.2 Switches Managed vs Unmanaged
*Switches are connectivity points of an Ethernet network. Devices connect to a switch with twisted pair cabling. *While a hub forwards data it receives to all ports on the hub, a switch forwards data to only the port that is connected to the destination device. It can do this by learning the MAC address of the devices attached to it, and matching that with the destination MAC address in the data it receives. *Managed switch allows advanced functionality (set up different VLANs, traffic prioritization, Spanning Tree Protocol, communication via SNMP, port mirroring, etc.) *Unmanaged switch provides little configuration options but are less expensive. Just plug and play.
2.2 Power over Ethernet (PoE) Injectors Switch
*Switches supporting PoE can supply power on the same data cable used to connect to the device. *PoE injector device can provide PoE if the switch doesn't support PoE. It's placed in line between the switch and PoE device. The injector is plugged into power with another cable connected to data from the switch. The injector then is connected to a device that requires PoE.
1.7 Mobile Device Synchronization Methods
*Synchronize to the cloud *Synchronize to the desktop *Synchronize to the automobile
3.10 TCP/Bonjour/Airprint
*TCP On Windows, TCP 139, TCP 445, UPD 137, and UDP 138 are the common ports that are used by the printing process. *Bonjour Protocol for Apple MacOS and other Apple devices. Allows you to discover Apple devices on your LAN. On Windows, if you install Apple iTunes you may also be using the Bonjour protocol. *AirPrint Allows you to print from your Apple iOS devices (iPhone, iPad, etc.) to compatible printers.
2.1 POP3
*TCP Port: 110 *Post Office Protocol (version 3) *Protocol for receiving email from a mail server.
2.1 FTP
*TCP Port: 21 *File Transport Protocol *Used to transfer files between systems.
2.1 SSH
*TCP Port: 22 *Secure Shell *Remote administration tool that is a secure alternative to telnet. *Provides encrypted command line session for managing devices remotely.
2.1 Telnet
*TCP Port: 23 *Protocol that functions at the application layer of the OSI model which provides terminal-emulation capabilities. *Telnet sends data (including sensitive information) in plain text.
2.1 HTTPS
*TCP Port: 443 *Hypertext Transfer Protocol over Secure Sockets Layer *Used to make secure connection for communication between a web server and a web browser.
2.8 Loopback Plug
*Takes traffic coming out of a particular interface turns around and sends the traffic back into the same interface. *Used to test ports to ensure they are working correctly
3.4 Flash Types
*Technically EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory). They are non-volatile memory, meaning that you can put information on the drive, disconnect it from a power source, and the drive will still retain all of the information that was placed on it *Types: SD card, CompactFlash, Micro-SD card, Mini-SD card, XD
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: Read/Write Failure
*"Cannot read from the source disk" *Indicates disk failure *Check for loose/damaged cables *Check that overheating is not occurring, especially if you notice the symptoms occur after startup. *Check the power supply to see if it is producing enough voltage to power your hard drive. This is especially true if you just added new components to your computer, which may be drawing additional power from the power supply. *Run hard drive diagnostics.
3.4 CompactFlash
*There are two subdivisions of CF cards: Type I (3.3 mm thick) and Type II (5 mm thick).
3.1 VGA
*Traditional connector for the display of a computer *3 rows of 5 pins each. DB-15 connector *Analog signals *Cable length affects resolution. As resolution need increases, cable length decreases *1024 x 768 30 feet or less of cable length
Which of the answers listed below refer to the function of digitizer? (Select 3 answers)
*Translates analog data into a format suitable for computer processing. *Component of a mobile device's screen that allows to control the device with a fingertip. *A type of input device.
3.1 Serial Peripheral Cables
*Transmits less data per clock cycle but achieves higher data rate because it can be clocked faster than parallel links *Crosstalk less of an issue *Cheaper with less pins *Serial communications standards were meant for modem communication, printers, mice, networking equipment.
SSD form factors used in laptop computers include: (Select 2 answers)
*1.8 inch *2.5 inch
3.3 DDR4 RAM
*288 pin stick with 1 notch offset from DDR3, DDR2, DDR *Increases the maximum size to 64 GB per DIMM.
3.1 USB 2.0
*480 Mbps (60 MBps) 5 feet
3.1 USB 3.0
*5 Gbps (625 MBps) *Reduces power consumption *Backward compatible with USB 2.0 3 meters
3.5 Motherboard Form Factors
*ATX *mATX *ITX *mITX
3.1 USB to Ethernet Adapter
*Allow you to use a USB port as a network interface. *Available as cables or inline connectors
1.6 Configure VPN on a Mobile Device
*Android: Settings > Wireless and Networks > More > VPN *iOS: Settings > General > VPN Enter VPN details such as the name of the connection, VPN server address, and credentials.
2.8 Cable tester
*Used to verify that the cable you are using is good
3.5 CPU Virtualization
*Virtualization via hardware makes things faster and easier to manage. *Hypervisor can dynamically allocate CPU to the VMs as needed. *Intel's virtualization is called Intel Virtualization Technogology (VT) while AMD calls it AMD Virtualization (AMD-V).
2.7 WMN
*Wireless Mesh Network *Common in home automation and IoT devices. *All devices connect together automatically to self form. *Use different technologies such as 802.11, Zigbee, Z-Wave
2.4 Zigbee
*Wireless standard for Internet of Things (IoT) *Uses less power than WiFI and provides longer distances than Bluetooth *Mesh network *Open standard *900 and 2.4 GHz frequency
3.4 RAID 5
*Block level striping with distributed parity *Requires at least 3 disks *1 drive can fail *Distributes parity along with the data and requires all but one to be present to operate. *Provides for efficient use of disk space. Files aren't duplicated but space is still used for parity. *Parity calculation may affect performance.
2.8 Tone generator and probe
*Consists of two parts: tone generator (called the toner) and tone locators (called the probe). *Toner sends a tone from one end of the cable. *Probe receives the tone from the other end of the cable *Used to find beginning and end of cable. For example, if you don't know where a cable terminates.
3.7 24 Pin Motherboard Adapter for Power Supply
*Primary motherboard power supply connector is a 24 pin connector. *Older motherboards used a 20 pin connector which was the original ATX standard. An additional 4 pins were added for PCI Express power. You can connect a 24 pin connector to a 20 pin motherboard. Some power connectors even come with cables that allow you to disconnect the 4 pins to fit a 20 pin motherboard. *The individual pins on a motherboard connector are keyed. So some pins are squared and some are rounded so that there is only one possible way to plug in the power connector. Most power connectors will include a locking mechanism. To remove the power connection you'll have to push down on the locking mechanism to release the connector.
Which of the following answers describe the features of Solid-State Drives (SSDs)? (Select 3 answers)
*Relatively high device cost *Lower capacity in comparison to magnetic drives. *High performance
ATX Form Factor
-Motherboard form factor -Was developed by Intel in 1995 to provide a new design for PC motherboards, updating the previous FF -Full size is 12in wide by 9.6in deep -Can contain up to 7 expansion slots
Audrey travels for business three to four days a wekk and is not always near power outlets. She needs a solution for when her laptop battery dies. What would you recommend she do?
-Purchase a portable battery bank made to charge laptops -Purchase an extra laptop battery
John, a customer, needs to run several virtual machines on his design workstation to work on cross platform software. Which of the following should be maximized to improve workstation performance?
-RAM -Number of CPU cores
Andrew, a network administrator, wants to use network-based operating system administration tools to manage the network. Which of the following tools will he use?
-RDP -VNC
The proxy server is becoming unresponsive occasionally. when you review the logs of various network devices, you also notice that the firewall is also the target of external attack. You need to prevent such incidents from re-occurring. What are some of the steps that you can immediately take to prevent this from happening?
-Reconfigure the firewall ACL -Harden the proxy server
Your department's laser printer recently began printing a vertical black line near the edge of every printed page. What should you do to resolve the problem?
-Replace the toner cartridge
Requests over port 445 could be described as using which protocols?
-SMB -CIFS
Beverly has contacted you and stating that her computer will not boot and keeps beeping. Which components must pass a computer's power-on self-test (POST) before an operating system will load?
-The video card -The central processing unit (CPU) -The memory
Which characteristics of a cable modem distinguish it from other modems?
-They are always on -They use cable TV lines
Which characteristics of a swtich can be advantageous to network deployment?
-They improve network performance by regulating the flow of traffic -They increase network performance by reducing collisions
In an impact printer, which of the following components can cause paper not feeding correctly?
-Tractor-feed mechanism -Feeder rollers
You want to transfer an audio file from your mobile device to your friend's mobile device using the bluetooth feature. Which of the following steps will you perform before entering the device passcode?
-Turn on the Bluetooth device -Locate and select the Bluetooth device
Your printer is printing fuzzy text with white lines running through it. you need to clean the clogged print head of your inkjet printer. Which two activities can you undertake to immediately clean the clogged print head?
-Turn the inkjet printer off and then on -Run the printer management utility provided with the printer
DDR SDRAM characteristics
-Two processes for every data cycle. -184 pin DIMMS for desktop -200 pin SO-DIMMS or 172 pin Micro-DIMMS for laptop -single or dual channel architecture
Which of the following types of cables are *most* likely to be used to connect to an external hard drive?
-USB 3.0 -eSATA
Which options are components of the SLP protocol?
-User Agents -Service Agents
Ethernet over power can sometimes be used as an alternative to which networking implementation?
-Wi-Fi
PCI Express (PCIe)
-released by Intel in 2004 -uses point-to-point serial communications (each component can have a dedicated link to any other component) -can supply up to 75W to a device via the motherboard slot -features power management functions & support for hot-swappable & hot pluggable adapters
RJ-45 (Registered Jack) Connector
-used with twisted pair cable for Ethernet local area networking products. -also referred to as 8P8C(8 position/8 contact) meaning that all 8 "potential" wire positions are supplied with contacts so they can carry signals if needed
Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus
-was introduced in 1994 with the Pentium processor -supports up to 5 devices & allocates system resources by using Plug-&-Play -bandwidth shared between all devices -supports bus mastering without requiring the CPU -32-bit wide parallel bus working at 33.3 MHz -rate up to 133 MBps
Troubleshooting steps
1) identify the problem 2)establish a theory of probable cause 3)Test the theory to determine cause 4)establish a Plan of action resolve the problem and implement the solution 5) verify full system functionality and implement preventative measures 6)document finding, actions, and outcomes.
3.11 Laser Printer: Imaging Process
1. Processing 2. Charging 3. Exposing 4. Developing 5. Transferring 6. Fusing 7. Cleaning
A user asks a technician to set up emails on his mobile device. The user also wants to retain a copy of the email. Which of the following ports should be the *best* for the technician to use for this purpose?
143
What port is used by the IMAP account for the unencrypted access?
143
IPv4 Class C
192-223 Subnet 255.255.255.0
Private IPv4 Class C
192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255
DVD single layer capacity
4.7 GB or 9.4 GB DS(Dual Sided)
What is the greatest distance that can separate the USB 2.0 device from the computer?
5 meters
HDD Speeds
5,400 7,200 10,000 15,000
Blu-Ray Dual Layer
50GB
SATA 3.0
6.0 Gbit/s 1 meter
By default, how much power is drawn from a motherboard through a PCIe expansion slot
75 watts
Which power connector supplies more power to the CPU than an ATX 12V 4-pin connector?
8-pin 12V EPS
DVD Dual Laryer
8.5GB or 17GB DS (Dual sided)
An 800W PSU with an 80% efficiency rating can deliver what amount of power supply to the components of a computer?
800W
Which Wi-Fi standard supports speeds up to 54MBps over the 2.4 GHz band?
802.11g
Which Wi-Fi standard uses MIMO and wider 40 MHz channels via channel bonding to boost speed?
802.11n
Layer 3 switch
A switch capable of interpreting Layer 3 data and works much like a router in that it supports the same routing protocols and makes routing decisions.
Unmanaged Switch
A switch that provides plug-and-play simplicity with minimal configuration options and has no IP address assigned to it. Unmanaged switches are inexpensive, but their capabilities are limited.
Ethernet frame
A term referring to an Ethernet data link header and trailer, plus the data encapsulated between the header and trailer.
3.9 Install and Configure a Thick Client
A thick client is a tradition computer. It uses it own local resources to run a full blown operation system and applications and device drivers. Thick clients require ongoing support with security patches, operating system updates, and application updates.
Cable Crimper
A tool used to attach a connector onto the end of a cable, causing the internal pins to pierce the insulation of the wires, thus creating contact between the conductors at each wire.
Cable Tester
A tool used to test a cable to find out if it is good, or to find out what type of cable it is if the cable is not labeled.
RG-59
A type of coaxial cable used as patch cables. Not designed for long distances. Throughput?
RG-6
A type of coaxial cable used for television/digital cable, as well as high-speed internet over cable. Throughput?
DB-25 connector
A type of connector with 25 pins that's commonly used in serial communication. Legacy connector for printers to computers.
Twisted-pair cable
A type of copper cabling where pairs of insulated conductors minimize electrical interference.
IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity)
A unique number that represents the actual user associated with a particular SIM card. The IMSI is usually available from the carrier, to ensure that stolen phones are not misused. The IMSI number can be used to unlock a phone as well.
PGA2
A variation of the PGA CPU packaging that was used with Pentium CPUs.
WPA2-Enterprise
A version of WPA2 that uses a RADIUS server for authentication.
Patch Panel
A wall- or rack-mounted panel where cables converge in one location.
EPP
enhanced parallel port
LPT
line printer terminal
LBA
logical block addressing
NetBEUI
networked basic input/output system extended user interface
NiCd
nickel cadmium
NiMH
nickel metal hydride
PoS
point of sale
PXE
preboot execution environment
laser printing step 2: charging
prepare the drum wtih the laser
RMA
returned materials authorization
Zigbee
Internet of Things Networking Longer distances than bluetooth, less power consumption than wifi. Uses the ISM (industrial, Scientific, Medicinal) band—900 MHz or 2.4 GHz ex. Amazon Echo
Z-Wave
Internet of Things Networking Uses the ISM band ex. lights, locks, garage doors
IRQ
Interrupt Request
IDS
Intrusion Detection System
IPS
Intrusion Prevention System
IPS
Intrusion Prevention System/In-plane switching, a form of lCD
Which statement best describes the basic purpose of using a VPN?
It is used to create a secure connection to another network over the Internet
LED
Light Emitting Diode
LC
Lucent Connector
Cat 3 Cable
Maximum supported ethernet standard: 10BASE-T Maximum supported distance: 100 meters
Cat 6a Cable
Maximum supported ethernet standard: 10GBASE-T Maximum supported distance: 100 meters
Cat 6 Cable
Maximum supported ethernet standard: 10GBASE-T Maximum supported distance: 37-55 meters
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Printers Unavailable
May be because the printer is off or disconnected. You might also not have the proper permission to access the printer.
MT-RJ
Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack
MAU (2)
Media Access Unit Media Attachment Unit
You have both UTP and STP cable available to set up a new subnetwork on an existing network. What is the main difference in the physical composition of these two cable types?
Mesh shielding
MAPI
Messaging Application Programming Interface
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network. City-spanning network that is larger than a LAN, but smaller than a WAN.
MAN
Metropolitan Area Network; a network that covers a larger geographic area such as a city or community; may be used to connect computers in libraries, government agencies, etc. together - no more than 30 miles in size
mATX
Micro Advanced Technology Extended
MicroDIMM
Micro Dual Inline Memory Module
Which connector type is used with USB on-the-go devices such as cellphones, GPS units, PDAs, and digital cameras?
Micro USB A
What type of memory card is the smallest in terms of physical size?
Micro-SD
Which device converts sound waves into varying electrical signals?
Microphone
MBSA
Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
MSConfig
Microsoft Configuration
MMC
Microsoft Management Console
MSCONFIG
Microsoft configuration
3.11 Virtual Printer: Print to XPS
Microsoft has a virtual output called XPS. XPS stands for XML Paper Specification. This is similar to the use case of Adobe PDF. XPS is included in all version of Windows beginning from Windows XP. You'd print to an XPS file and be able to read it in any operating system that has an XPS reader.
Hyper-V
Microsoft virtualization software.
HTTPS
Name—Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure Port(s)—tcp/443 Description—Web server communication with encryption
IMAP4
Name—Internet Message Access Protocol v4 Port(s)—tcp/143 Description—A newer email client protocol
Telnet
Name—Telecommunications Network Port(s)—tcp/23 Description—Unsecure console access
Which of the following is used to monitor and analyze network traffic to protect a system from network-based threats?
NiDS
Which display technology does not require additional background lighting?
OLED
PoS
Point of Sale
Inkjet Printer Pros/Cons
Pros—Inexpensive, quiet, high resolution Cons—Expensive Ink, clogs easily, ink eventually fades
Laser Printer Pros/Cons
Pros—Very high quality, fast printing speeds Cons—Very complex, many moving parts, requires on-printer memory, messy on the inside.
ROM
Read-Only Memory
RTO
Recovery Time Objective
3.11 Inkjet Printer Maintenance: Replace Cartridges
Replacing inkjet cartridges are a very common maintenance procedure. Pull out one ink cartridge and replace it with a new one. Ink cartridges are often separated by color: cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. However, your printer may combine the cyan, magenta, and yellow into one cartridge. Dispose of the ink cartridge though a recycling process. Manufacturers may have a recommended recycling process.
2.5 DHCP Server Role
Responsible for providing automatic IP address configuration for all clients that plug into the network
Ext2
Second Extended File System
Your company implements a new policy that all computers must use drive-level encryption for security. You want to enhance the security provided by BitLocker. What should you enable?
TPM
TKIP
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
TKIP
Temporal Key Integrity Protocol. Wireless security protocol introduced to address the problems with WEP. TKIP was used with WPA but many implementations of WPA now support CCMP.
Ephemeral ports
Temporary port numbers that are determined in real time by the client 1024-65,535
3.11 Inkjet Printer: Carriage and Belt
The ink cartridges are placed in a moving carriage. During printing, the carriage moves back and forth over the paper while releasing ink. The carriage may include its own print head. There is a belt that is pulling the cartridge back and forth. Thus the carriage and belt are two moving parts that may require maintenance and troubleshooting.
3.11 Laser Printing: Exposing
The laser writes out what it wants to print by neutralizing the negative ions on the photosensitive drum only in the specific areas it wants to print to.
Standoffs / no other part of it touches the case
The motherboard is attached to the case using _____ which hold the motherboard firmly to ensure ________.
Network Interface Cards (NIC)
This card is installed if there is not already a network adapter installed as part of the motherboard chipset or if you need to upgrade an adapter to use a different type of network, bandwidth, or cabling.
A DHCP reservation
This causes a DHCP server to issue a consistent IP address to a specific MAC address
Which device would be considered an input and an output device?
Touch Screen
What is the name of a laptop component that provides the function of a pointing device?
Touchpad
3.6 Touchpad
Touchpads are generally found on laptop devices or are standalone devices. Touchpads on a laptop are integrated into the keyboard. Standalone touch pads connect via USB or Bluetooth.
3.9 Configure laptop/mobile device touchscreen configuration
Touchscreen on mobile devices such as smart phones and tablets can be configured. For example, you can configure lock codes and biometric access.
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
2.1 TCP vs UDP
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): -Connection based. Requires the sender and receiving machines to acknowledge each other's presence and readiness to send/receive data. Formal greeting and acknowledgement process needed to begin and end a connection. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) -Works in the absence of a dedicated connection
3.5 Video Cards
The motherboard may provide a number of onboard video output options already integrated. For example, VGA, DVI, and HDMI may already be included on the motherboard. You can add on a separate video card for gaming or intense video needs. A video card will go into the expansion slots available in your computer. These adapter cards usually take up 2 slots in your computer case because there are usually fans built in to the expansion card to keep the video card cool. An add-on card can add additional display ports.
Communications (COM) Port
The name for a serial port in Windows.
Lightning connector has 8-pins. True or False
True
How many host on a /23 network? A. 510 B. 512 C. 514 D. 254
A. 510
How many pins are on a SATA data cable? A. 7 B. 15 C. 24 D. 8
A. 7
The component of the motherboard that connects the chassis power button/reset button/HDD LED is called the FRONT PANEL CONNECTOR. True or False
True
The purpose of a ground is to create a path of least resistance. True or False
True
How do you visually determine the difference between an IDE connector and a floppy connector? A. A floppy connector is missing a pin on the side, while the IDE connector is missing a pin in the center. B. Diet coke is delicious. This isn't the right answer.
A. A floppy connector is missing a pin on the side, while the IDE connector is missing a pin in the center.
Which of the following describes the most powerful AMD CPU socket? A. BULLDOZER B. SKULLCRUSHER C. WIDOWMAKER D. i-SERIES E. CANYON
A. BULLDOZER
What are the two popular Graphics APIs used? A. DirectX and OpenGL B. Crossfire and SLI C. Peanut butter and Jelly D. Rick and Morty
A. DirectX and OpenGL
A want to quickly share pictures between mobile devices. The devices will be in close proximity so each other so networking devices are not needed. What is the best choice? A. NFC B. USB C. IR D. WiFi
A. NFC
The ability to scale cloud computing resources quickly to meet peak demand and just as quickly remove resources if they are not currently needed. A. rapid elasticity B. rubberbanding C. force shaping D. virtualization
A. Rapid elasticity
Memory with one 64-bit bus between the CPU and RAM A. single-channel memory B. memory C. double channel memory D. DDR
A. Single-channel memory
What command line tool can be used to attempt repair of the MBR? A. bootrec /fixmbr B. bootrec /fixboot C. bootrec /rebuildbcd
A. bootrec /fixmbr
TN
Twisted Nematic. A method of constructing LCD panels in which two electrodes on opposite sides of a liquid-crystal layer twist the crystal matrix to polarize light that attempts to pass through permitting it or blocking it. TN is traditionally cheaper and faster than IPS and uses less power. See IPS.
Which of the following reduces crosstalk when the sets of wires are very close together within a single cable?
Twisted-pair cable
A laser printer jams and has been jamming more frequent. What can you do to fix the problem? A. Clean and inspect the laser drum assembly B. Use the printer maintenance kit to replace parts C. Replace the paper exit assembly switch D. Clean and replace the paper out sensor E. Clean the fuser cold roller and verify fuser operation
B. Use the printer maintenance kit to replace parts
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: No Bluetooth connectivity
Bluetooth antenna wires usually wrap around the laptop screen so that they are located at the highest point for better connectivity. However, this also means that antennas are easy to accidentally disconnect during mobile device maintenance. If there is no Bluetooth make sure the antennas are plugged in. Make sure that you test wireless and Bluetooth before you close up the laptop after performing maintenance
Which of the following uses the SCSI command set over a USB connector?
UAS
How many host on a /30 network? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
C.2
CRT
Cathode Ray Tube
UXGA
Ultra Extended Graphics Array
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface. Similar to BIOS, may eventually replace it.
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Flickering image
Check your connections. If you're using a VGA cable, check the pins on the end of the connector to make sure there are no bent pins or missing pins.
Network Switch
Connects multiple devices together via ethernet. forwarding decisions are made via hardware. Traffic received is forwarded based on a data link address. May provide power over ethernet (PoE)
3.6 Mouse
Connects to your computer via a USB connection or an adapter for PS/2. If using the mini DIN PS/2 connector, it is generally green colored on the back of your computer. Your mouse may be wireless, which means you'd probably have a wireless connection through USB. Modern mice are optical devices with few moving parts. There's a light underneath the mouse that determines if the mouse if moving. You may need to find the right surface in order for your mouse to function properly. For example, glass surfaces may be an issue for an optical mouse.
Which of the following is an inappropriate criteria for selecting a power supply unit (PSU) for a computer?
Consider only multi-rail PSU, avoid single-rail PSU
Chipset
Consists of several controllers that handle the transfer of data between the CPU and various devices. Examples of controllers: system memory controller, I/O controller to handle disk drives & expansion buses, controllers for any integrated video, sound, and network interfaces.
A technician is connecting a PoE enabled phone and needs to run the drop from the switch that is 55 meters away. Which of the following cables types would be the MOST suitable for this purpose? A. Fiber B. Coaxial C. CAT3 D. CAT6
D. Cat6
A ____ is a voice interface designed to respond to natural language commands and queries. A. digital professor B. virtualization C. Google Alexa D. digital assistant
D. digital assistant
Which of the following is the form factor of a standard Parallel connector?
DB-25
Which of the following memory modules is used if it s labeled as 4GB PC 1333?
DDR3
Which technology caries data as a secondary signal on analog phone lines?
DSL
DVI to VGA
DVI-A is backward compatible with VGA.
Which DVI is an 18-pin connector designed to carry both digital and analog signals allowing for one TMDS link?
DVI-I Single-LInk
DaaS
Data as a Service
Daas
Data as a Service
Which of the following is the possible cause for incorrect color patterns?
Data connections not connected securely
DisplayPort Cable
Data is sent in packetized form, like ethernet & PCIe. Compatible with both HDMI & DVI.
TCP/IP Transport Layer
Data is split into packets ready to be sent
DBaaS
Database as a Service
DMZ
Demilitarized Zone
DoS
Denial of Service
Volts are the potential for power. Amps are the actual dangerous flow of electrons. Ohms are the rating for overall power. True or False
False
What component connects hard disk drives and optical drives ot the circuitry of the motherboard?
IDE connector
Which of the following is a BIOS level setting that allows an administrator to view warnings on possible hardware level changes?
IDS
Which email account type allows you to download messages to your client for offline browsing?
IMAP
TCP 143/993
IMAP (internet Message Access Protocol) Retrieve email-but can sync across multiple devices
On a printer, which of the following issue is likely to occur if you do not set the paper guide to the correct paper size?
The printed paper will come out creased
3..11 Laser Printer: Separate Pads
The separation pad works in conjunction with the pickup rollers. The separation pad works to pull just the top sheet from the stack of paper supply. The separation pad is usually on the paper tray. It's small and inexpensive and easy to clean or replace
3.11 Laser Printing: Developing
The toner from the toner cartridge is transferred onto the sections of the photosensitive drum that have been neutralized by the laser. The toner has a negative charge so it wont stick to any parts of the drum that have negative ions. The toner only sticks to areas that have been neutralized by the laser.
3.11 Laser Printing: Transferring
The transfer roller transfers the toner from the photosensitive drum onto the paper
subnet mask
The value used in TCP/IP settings to divide the IP address of a host into its component parts: network ID and host ID.
Which printing technology uses ribbon printer cartridges containing waxy ink?
Thermal transfer printing
UTP
Unshielded Twisted Pair
UTP Cable
Unshielded twisted-pair cable. The most common type of twisted pair cabling—provides no shielding against interference.
You have begun the process of replacing the CPU in your computer by physically installing the CPU. You must ensure that the motherboard recognizes the new CPU. What should you do first?
Update the firmware
802.11g
Upgrade to 802.11b, established in 2003. Operates in 2.4GHz band 54 Mbit/s Backwards compatible with 802.11b Same frequency conflicts as 802.11b 20 MHz channel bandwidth
Measured Service
Usage of cloud resources are documented, and payment is made for the resources actually used.
3.10 Configure SOHO Multifunction Devices
Use appropriate drivers for a given operating system
DB-9
Used for serial communication. Sized A-E. Commonly used for RS-232.
2.6 Static IP Addressing
IP doesn't change until someone manually changes it.
Which liquid-crystal technology allows the polarized crystals to move more freely into the desired alignment?
IPS
An IT vendor gives a technician the following address on a support call: 192.168.15.2/32. Which of the following *best* describes the address provided by the vendor?
IPV4 address in CIDR format
Firewall
configure on the outermost part of the network a software program or hardware device that protects networks from unauthorized data by blocking unsolicited traffic
2.7 Dial-Up Internet Connection
*Add modem to your computer and connect to an Internet Service Provider over existing phone lines *Also known as Plain Old Telephone System (POTS) *56 Kbps
1.5 Mobile Device Wired Connection Types
*Micro-USB/Mini-USB/USB-C *Lightning *Tethering *Proprietary vendor specific ports (communication/power)
2.1 SMTP
*TCP Port: 25 *Simple Mail Transfer Protocol *Protocol for sending email between SMTP server *Clients use either IMAP or POP to access email server and use SMTP to send email.
2.1 RDP
*TCP Port: 3389 *Remote Desktop Protocol *Used in Windows to make remote desktop communications possible
2.1 LDAP
*TCP Port: 389 *Lightweight Directory Access Protocol *Provides a mechanism to access and query directory services systems, such as Microsoft Active Directory.
2.1 AFP
*TCP Port: 548 *Apple Filing Protocol *Proprietary resource sharing protocol used by Apple. *Provides support for full file management
2.1 DNS
*TCP and UDP Port: 53 *Domain Name System *Translates hostnames into IP addresses
2.1 SLP
*TCP and UPD Port: 427 *Service Location Protocol *Works with AFP to be able to view a list of available servers/devices
2.4 5G
*Will launch in 2020 *Provides performance improvement by using higher frequencies. *Will increase the number of frequencies and improve data throughput.
2.3 Configure NIC Configuration for Wired and Wireless SOHO network
*Wired: Possibly can manually configure speed (10,100, or 1000 Mbps) and duplex (half or full) but generally the NIC will auto negotiate these settings. *Wireless: Can enable/disable wireless adapter. Configure which SSID to select and input associated password if required.
2.4 Z-Wave
*Wireless standard for Internet of Things (IoT) *Proprietary, used for home automation (lights, locks, doors, etc.) *Mesh network *900 MHz frequency
Blu-ray
25 GB for single-layer. 50 GB for dual-layer.
SATA 2.0
3.0 Gbit/s 1 meter
USB-C
24 pin, double sided, used for both hosts and devices. Acts as a USB 3.1/2.0 connection. Includes an analog audio option.
Which connector type is the largest connector on a power supply unit (PSU) that supplies power to the motherboard?
24-pin ATX
Over which port would an outgoing e-mail be sent?
25
You are assessing several computers to decide on a purchase for your company. Which CPU-to-front-side bus ratio would provide better performance?
2:1
Which of the following is the maximum number of IP addresses that can be assigned to hosts on a local subnet that uses the 255.255.255.224 subnet mask?
30
3.2 Identify Molex
A common power connector included with internal power supplies. It provides 5 V and 12 VDC to different devices, such as Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment (PATA) disk drives.
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
A communications protocol that defines how a client can access information, perform operations, and share directory data on a server. TCP 389
Requests originating from port 548 would most likely be coming from which system?
A Mac client
3.4 SATA 2.5
A desktop or laptop computer may have a 2.5" SATA SSD. It has a standard SATA interface.
3.2 Identify DB-9
A 9-pin, D-shaped subminiature connector, often used in serial port connections.
Hyper-Threading
A CPU technology that allows two threads to execute at the same time within a single execution core.
CIFS (Common Internet File System)
A file access protocol and the cross-platform version of SMB used between Windows, Linux, Mac OS, and other operating systems. Also called SMB2.
2.5 File Sever Role
A file server provides a centralized storage for documents and files. The file server will use a standard system of file management such as SMB (Server Message Block) on Windows, Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) on MacOS, etc. The front end of the file server hides the protocol being used. The user simply uses the File Manager that they see on their operating system.
3.2 Identify RG-6
A coaxial cable that uses F-type screw-on connectors. It is used for digital data, such as from a cable TV company.
Blanking Plate
A metal strip used to cover an unused slot that would otherwise be used for an adapter card.
DVI-D
A DVI (Digital Visual Interface) video port that works only with digital monitors.
3.6 Microphone
A microphone provides a way to have audio input into your computer. Most laptops have an integrated build in microphone. However, microphones can also be external peripheral devices. Microphones can have an analog connection via TRS (Tip/Ring/Sleeve) jacks. Microphones can also have digital connectivity via a USB connection
3.9 Configure laptop/mobile device application installations/configurations
A mobile device manager (MDM) can be used for application installations. You can set policies to require certain applications or prohibit certain applications.
Term used to describe unexpected objects or patterns appearing on the screen. A. Burn-in B. Artifacts C. Dead pixels D. Reflection
B. Artifacts
What is the name given to the part of the motherboard that is visible from the back of the chassis? A. BIOS B. GUI C. I/O D. UEFI
C. I/O
The term that is used so the CPU knows when it must communicate with a device. A. I/O address B. connections C. Interrupt Request D. driver
C. Interrupt Request
What type of storage allows for easily creating shared folders for different host machines? A. SAN B. DAS C. NAS
C. NAS
Which component does not make use of a fan? A. Graphics card B. Computer case C. NIC card D. Central Processing Unit
C. NIC card
Type 1 hypervisor is installed where? A. On the host OS B. On the guest OS C. On the Host PC D. On the guest PC
C. On the PC
A filter to fit over a display screen so that it can only be viewed straight-on. A. IPS B. privacy screen C. privacy filter D. cover
C. Privacy filter
If i have a drive with SMART it will do what? A. Provide a method a automatically configuring itself for data storage. B. Let me know if it is a SATA or IDE drive C. Provide early warning about drive failure D. Want to play if is is Smarter than a 5th grader.
C. Provide early warning about drive failure
DVD-RAM
Digital Versatile Disc-Random Access Memory
DVD-ROM
Digital Versatile Disc-Read Only Memory
DVD-R
Digital Versatile Disc-Recordable
DVD-RW
Digital Versatile Disc-Rewritable
DVI
Digital Visual Interface
DVI-D
Digital Visual Interface-Digital
DVI Cable
Digital Visual Interface. Can be single or dual link. Single link provides 3.7 Gbps Dual link provides 7.4 Gbps DVI-A provides analog signals DVI-D provides digital singals DVI-I (Integrated) provides both analog and digital
DVD-RW
Digital versatile disc (DVD) discs that can be written to, and data can also be overwritten. This term also refers to the drives that can write to these discs.
DVD-ROM
Digital versatile disc read-only memory (DVD-ROM) is a DVD format which can only be used to view data.
DVD-RAM
Digital versatile disc-random access memory (DVD-RAM) is a type of DVD which is used for high-capacity data storage that can be repeatedly read, written, and erased.
DVD-R
Digital versatile disc-recordable (DVD-R) is a digital video disc which allows a consumer to record to the disc once.
Which input device is used to convert hand-drawn pictures into digital images that can be manipulated using computer software?
Digitizer
FPM
Fast Page Mode
Which of the following cloud computing types is used by government branches within the U.S>, but it is not available to consumers or businesses?
Hybrid
Which of the following is a form of microprocessor parallelization where each physical processor is treated as two virtual processors?
Hyper-threading
HTML
Hypertext Markup Language
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Port 80 (TCP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Which application uses port 3389 by default?
A remote desktop connection
3.2 Identify USB-C
Newer, reversible connector and port that supports charging, data transfer, and video all in one cable
NiCd
Nickel Cadmium
NiMH
Nickel Metal Hydride
LPD/LPR
Line Printer Daemon/Line Printer Remote
LPT
Line Printer Terminal
Input/Output (I/O)
Ports that allow additional devices to be connected to the PC. Ex. graphics port, USB
SNMP
Name—Simple Network Management Protocol Port(s)—udp/161 Description—Gather metrics and manage network devices
NTSC
National Television System Committee
NFC
Near Field Communication
PICNIC
Problem In Chair, Not In Computer
NNTP
Network News Transfer Protocol
nNTP
Network News Transfer Protocol
NTP
Network Time Protocol
What is the most likely cause of the access denied error while connecting a printer with a computer?
Network and Sharing is not enabled
NaaS
Network as a Service
VLAN
Network form by several LANs which are in separate geographical locations.
POP3
Post Office Protocol 3
Hold down the _______________ button on the device to ensure the circuits are drained of residual power.
Power
PSU
Power Supply Unit
Storage bus
A special type of expansion bus dedicated to communicating with storage devices, such as hard disks, solid state drives, and optical drives (CD/DVD/Blu-Ray).
Match each letter with the correct answer. A. ____ is a high voltage (potential difference) stored in an insulated body. B. _____ occurs when a path is created that allows electrons to rush from a statically charged body to another with an unequal charge. C. ____ can dissipate static charges more effectively than self-grounding 1. Electrostatic discharge 2. anti-ESD wrist strap 3. Static Electricity
A. 3 B. 1 C. 2
How many disk can I lose in a RAID 0 A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
A. 0
How many host on a /31? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
A. 0
How many host on a /32? A. 0 B. 2 C. 3 D. 1
A. 0
How many host can i have on each network in a /25 network? A. 126 B. 128 C. 256 D. 254
A. 126
How many pins are on a SATA power connector? A. 15 B. 7 C. 8 D. 24
A. 15
How many pins are in a HDMI Type A connector? A. 19 pins B. 20 pins C. 29 pins D. 15 pins
A. 19 Pins
Match each letter with the correct answer. A. A ___ refers to a PC that is not designed to be used on the move. B. The ___ is a plastic and metal box that houses this second class of components, such as the motherboard, CPU, memory. etc. C. A ___ is designed to sit vertically on a surface, so that it is taller than it is wide. 1. system case 2. desktop computer 3. tower case
A. 2 B. 1 C. 3
Match each letter with the correct answer. A. ATX B. Micro-ATX C. Mini-TIX 1. 6.7 inches by 6.7 inches 2. 12 inches wide by 9.6 inches deep 3. 9.6 inch by 9.6 inch
A. 2 B. 3 C. 1
Match each form factor motherboard with the correlating size! A. LARGEST -1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 - Smallest 1. Nano-ITX 2. ATX 3. Mini-ITX 4. µATX (Micro ATX) 5. Pico-ITX
A. 2 B. 4 C. 3 D. 1 E. 5
RFID
Radio Frequency Identification. ex. Access badges, animal tracking
RFI
Radio Frequency Interference
Which wireless technology allows identification and communication between nodes using electromagnetic fields?
Radio frequency identification
RT
Recovery time objective
RGB
Red Green Blue
RISC
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
RAID
Redundant Array of Independent (or Inexpensive) Discs
RAID
Redundant Array of Independent Disks
Which of the following settings cannot be adjusted for an LCD display?
Refresh rate
RJ-11
Registered Jack Function 11
RJ-45
Registered Jack Function 45
How many pins are usually on the power connector that connects to the motherboard to supply the motherboard power? A. 20/24 pin B. 4 pin C. 6/8 pin D. 28 pin
A. 20/24 pin
3.10 Configure Wired Device Sharing:Ethernet
An RJ45 connector will probably be on the back of a multifunction SOHO printer to allow you to connect the printer to the ethernet network.
Bus
An electrical pathway on the motherboard or through cabling that carries data transmitting signals.
Troubleshooting Printers (Final Print)
Wrong colors -may be low ink in one cartridge Laser printer output is smudged -toner isn't be fused to the paper, indicating a problem with the fuser
You need a total of 8 MB of memory in your computer, which accepts 8 MB dual-channel modules in each four slots. Which of the following memory installation options will you *not* accept to accomplish the task?
Two 2 MB modules and one 4 MB module
WINS
Windows Internet Name Service
WIFI
Wireless Fidelity
WiFi
Wireless Fidelity
Which device helps to manage the thin APs and allow them to share configuration data?
Wireless LAN controller
WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network
WMN
Wireless Mesh Network
WMN
Wireless Mesh Network. All devices connect together on a mesh "cloud". Automatic connections and automatic healing.
WPA
Wireless Protected Access
WWAN
Wireless Wide Area Network
WMN
Wireless mesh network
802.11b
Wireless networking standard established in 1999. Operates in 2.4GHz band 11 Mbit/s Better range than 802.11a, but more frequency conflicts with microwaves, phones, etc. 22 MHz channel bandwidth
802.11a
Wireless networking standard established in 1999. Operates in 5GHz band 54 Mbit/s Smaller range than 802.11b 20 MHz channel bandwidth
802.11n
Wireless networking standard established in 2009. Operates in both 2.4GHz and/or 5GHz bands 600 Mbit/s 4 MIMO streams max 20 or 40 MHz channel bandwidth
802.11ac
Wireless networking standard established in 2014. Operates in 5GHz band 866.7 Mbit/s 8 MU-MIMO streams max 40 MHz channel bandwidth for 802.11n stations 80 MHz channel bandwidth for 802.11ac stations 160 MHz channel bandwidth optional
3.10 Configure Wireless Device Sharing: 802.11 (a, b, g, n, ac)
Wireless printing over 802.11 is most common.
SLI (3)
Scalable Link Interface System Level Integration Scanline Interleave Mode
1.3 Physical laptop lock and cable lock
Secure the cable around a solid unmoving object and then insert the locked end into the laptop's locking slot to prevent laptop theft.
RDP
Remote Desktop Protocol
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
4.1 Cloud Model: SaaS
SaaS stands for Software as a Service. SaaS provides on demand software. You log into a website and immediately have access to a particular software. For example, email distribution, like Google mail, is a common SaaS. Central management of data and applications are managed by the third party SaaS provider. With SaaS, no local installation or development work are required.
Which of the following tests will you perform to analyze errors that occurs during the boot process?
Startup
SATA Drive Cable
Serial AT Attachment Power = 15 pins Data = 7 pins
Steven's computer includes a hard drive that connects to the computer's motherboard using a 7-wire cable with a single interface. Which hard drive interface is used by Steven's disk drive?
Serial ATA
SAS
Serial Attached SCSI
DB-9
Serial Communications D-Shell Connector, 9 Pins
Port number 445 is assigned to which of the following protocols?
Server Message Block
SMB
Server Message Block
SMB
Server Message Block Port 445 Port 137-139
SP
Service Pack
SSID
Service Set Identifier
SSID
Service Set Identifier. Identifies the name of a wireless network. Disabling SSID broadcast can hide the network from casual users but an attacker can easily discover it with a wireless sniffer. It's recommended to change the SSID from the default name.
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
_____ has become the standard means of connecting peripheral devices to a computer. It is an example of a multi-purpose cable that can be used to attach a wide range of peripherals and storage devices.
3.10 Configuration Settings for SOHO Multifunction Devices: Orientation
The orientation tells the printer to print in either portrait or landscape mode. The paper doesn't actually rotate, but the printer compensates to print the desired orientation. Portrait is taller from top to bottom and landscape is wider from left to right.
4.1 Cloud Model: Public vs. private vs. hybrid vs. community
With a private cloud based deployment model, you have your own virtualized local data center. You would have your own hardware in your own data data center in an environment you control. In a public deployment model is available to everyone over the Internet. For example, Amazon web services is a public cloud model. A hybrid deployment model is a mix of public and private. Some parts of your cloud services running in a private data center and other aspects of your cloud based service running in a public provider's cloud. A community deployment model allows you to share the cost and resources needed with the cloud by joining with a group of organizations to share the cost.
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Slow transfer speeds
can be caused if the router or infrastructure is overloaded. Check the speed and duplex of your local interface. You might be improperly configured. *Check for any hardware issues with the network adapter or cabling. *Malware can also be the cause of slowness. *Command prompt to show all connections between your computer and any other computer: netstat Shut down any unnecessary running programs Check the router Get more bandwidth Use Qos to prioritize access to network resources
DRAM
dynamic random access memory
EEPROM
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
NLX
new low-profile extended
NTLDR
new technology loader
RJ-11
registered jack function 11
RJ-45
registered jack function 45
RIS
remote installation service
laser printing step 6: cleaning
remove excess toner from drum
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
A connection-oriented, guaranteed-delivery protocol used to send data packets between computers over a network. Includes flow control.
5.2 Troubleshoot Overheating
Bad airflow in your computer can lead to increased temperatures in your computer, and this overheating can cause issues. Heat is generated from the CPU, video adapters, memory, etc. Check the cooling systems. Make sure fans are working properly. Check the heat sinks to make sure they're attached properly to the chips. Make sure that cooling systems are clean and free of debris that may be inhibiting air flow in the computer. Most modern computers will include sensors that will let us know the temperature inside of our computers, and the temperature of individual components. You can see these statistics in your BIOS or you can use third party software.
2.4 802.11a
*Frequency: 5 GHz *Max throughput: 54 Mbps *Range: 150 feet. *Compatibility: 802.11a *Not commonly seen today.
2.8 Wi-Fi Analyzer
*Gathers information on wifi noise and interference, channel information, signal strength, list of APs in the area *Can be standalone hardware or software
3.5 Cooling Mechanisms: Thermal Paste
*Glue like thermal compound that is used to attach passive heat sinks to a CPU. *Improves thermal transfer by eliminating air pockets between the heat sink and CPU (or other device). *Improved thermal transfer and provides bonding
3.5 CPU Integrated GPU
*Graphics Processing Unit integrated on the CPU *GPU is a specialized circuit designed to quickly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the building of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display. *Integrated GPU improves graphic abilities of a PC
The transfer rates of Thunderbolt generations are: Thunderbolt 1.0: 10Gbps Thunderbolt 2.0: 20Gbps Thunderbolt 3.0: 40Gbps True or False
True
PROM
programmable read-only memory
VA
vertical alignment
WUXGA
wide ultra extended graphics array
WINS
windows internet name service
laser printing step 3 : exposing
write the image with the laser
HTTPS
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
USB 2.0 Type A (4-pin)
-For connection to the host -Connector & port shaped like flat rectangles
Coaxial Cable
insulated copper wire; used to carry high-speed data traffic and television signals
ICR
intelligent character recognition
RAM is a non-volatile type of memory. True or False
False
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: Loud Clicking Noise
*Indicates disk failure *Check for loose/damaged cables *Check that overheating is not occurring, especially if you notice the symptoms occur after startup. *Check the power supply to see if it is producing enough voltage to power your hard drive. This is especially true if you just added new components to your computer, which may be drawing additional power from the power supply. *Run hard drive diagnostics.
3.1 Multipurpose Cable Types
*Lightning *Thunderbolt *USB *USB-C *USB 2.0 *USB 3.0
SLI
- Scalable link interface - System level integration - Scanline interleave mode
Repeaters and extenders for both wired and wireless networks operate at which layer of the OSI model?
1
SATA 1.0
1.5 Gbit/s 1 meter
What is the approximate maximum transmission range of Bluetooth communications?
10 meters (30 feet)
USB 3.2
10 or 20 Gbit/s over USB C connector
Private IPv4 Class A
10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255
You are an IT technician for your company. The company has 10BaseT, 100BaseT, and 1000BaseT networks that are interconnected. What is the maximum segment distance for data transmission on these networks?
100 meters (328 feet)
Which of the following is known as Fast Ethernet?
100Base-TX
You need to set up a network that needs to span multiple buildings. For this reason, you want to use the cabling that supports the longest maximum cable length. Which network topology provides this?
10BaseF
FAT12
12-Bit File Allocation Table
FAT12
12-bit file allocation table
What is the capacity of a Blu-ray BD-XL quadruple-layer optical disc?
128 GB
Which of the following is the correct pin for the Socket B?
1366
Net BIOS over TCP/IP
137 (nbname), 138 (nbdatagram), 139(nbsession)
2.4 802.11b
2.4 GHz 11 Mbps 300 feet
Which band is the most widely used Wi-FI range having good indoor penetration and up to 14 channels?
2.4 GHz ISM band
Integrated GPU
A feature of some newer CPU's which incorporates the hardware required to process a visual output into one built-in package. -useful for most computers unless you are running a more graphics intensive environment such as gaming or video editing. In that case it may be wise to acquire an expansion card.
Multimeter
A measuring instrument for electrical current, voltage, and resistance.
ACPI
Advanced Configuration Power Interface
CIFS
Common Internet File System
James, a network administrator, is testing a new web server from outside of the corporate firewall. He performs a test from a single PC and the web server responds accordingly. He then provisions several virtual machines on a network behind NAT and uses them to perform the same operation on the web server at the same time, but thereafter soon discovers that none of the machines can reach the web server. Which of the following could be responsible?
Firewall
HDD
Hard Disk Drive
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Multiple failed job in logs
If a print job becomes corrupted it could cause the spooler to fail. When the spooler fails it may automatically restart and try to print the corrupted job again which causes to spooler to fail again, and this cycle could continue to repeat itself. These errors will be logged in the Windows Event Viewer. Look for the Windows Print Service messages in particular. One specific job may cause the spooler to fail each time. Monitor the print queue for details. If you notice this occurring, remove the print job from the queue to see if the printer is able to print the other jobs properly.
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: No image on screen
If there is nothing displaying on screen, the first thing to do is to check if all of the cables are connected. Check both the power and signal cable. Next, check what input the monitor is set to. The monitor can have many different types of input (HDMI, DVI, VGA, DisplayPort, etc.) Make sure the monitor is set to the correct input corresponding to what interface is connected to the source. If that doesn't work, connect the monitor to a known good computer to help you determine if the monitor is faulty or if it is the computer.
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: VGA Mode
If you are able to see the normal start up screen with the BIOS information, but then everything goes black after that, the problem may be related to Windows. This is sometimes caused when there are issues with the video driver or the monitor description file. To help resolve these issues, press F8 during the start up process, then use VGA mode to use a basic mode configuration that almost any monitor would be able to display.
IPSec
Internet Protocol security. a set of open, non-proprietary standards that you can use to secure data as it travels across the network or internet. It uses different protocols and services to provide data authenticity and integrity, anti-replay protection, non-repudiation and protection against eavesdropping and sniffing.
ISP
Internet Service Provider
IaaS
Infrastructure as a Service. Instead of owning a ton of hardware, utilize someone else's hardware via the cloud. in this model, you're not responsible for the hardware. You are responsible for the software, as well as management and security.
Inkjet Printer Components
Ink Cartridge -CYMK -Drops of ink placed on pages are pulled from ink cartridges Print Head -Some are integrated into the cartridge Feed Rollers -Picks up and feeds paper through the printer. Some printers include duplexing. Carriage and Belt -Moves the ink cartridges over the paper -Belt moves the carriage back and forth
3.11 Inkjet Printer Maintenance: Clean heads
Inkjet printers work by placing small droplets of ink through small holes in a print head and onto the paper. The ink tends to clog very easily. Therefore, many printers automatically clean the print heads every day. If your printed output has streaks or sections of missing color, this may be indicative of a clogged head. The cleaning process for clogged heads can also be initiated manually via the printer menu. This process may take a few minutes. Some print heads/cartridges can be removed and manually cleaned. But the print heads are delicate so you'll want to be careful if cleaning the print heads manually.
You need to replace a computer's power supply. When you purchase the new power supply, you notice an 8-pin power connection. For which device type is this connection intendd?
PCI Express devices
FTP
PORT 21 PLAIN FTP CLEAR TEXT PASSWORD SENT OVER NETWORK
SMTB
PORT 25 DEFAULT PORT FOR TRANSMITTING EMAIL between mail servers
PATA Drive Cable
Parallel AT Attachment. Throughput & pins?
Which CPU cooling method should you implement when other convective methods will not work?
Peltier cooling
PCI (2)
Peripheral Component Interconnect Payment Card Industry
PCIe
Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
PCIX
Peripheral Component Interconnect Extended
SPGA
Staggered Pin Grid Array
1.2 WiFi antenna connector/placement in laptop
The antennas are usually built into the laptop screen. The wires wrap around the laptop screen so that the antennas can be placed at the highest point for best reception.
Which of the answers listed below refer(s) to internal hard drive type(s) used in laptop computers? (Select all that apply)
*SSHDs *Magnetic disks *SSDs
PaaS (Platform as a Service)
A service model in which various platforms are provided virtually, enabling developers to build and test applications within virtual, online environments tailored to the specific needs of a project.
IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity)
A unique number that identifies a specific mobile device.
How many pins do DDR4 DIMMs have? A. 288 B. 300 C. 240 D. 180
A. 288
Match each RAM type A. DDR-200 B. DDR-266 C. DDR-333 D. DDR-400 1. PC-2700 2. PC-1600 3. PC-2100
A.2 B. 3 C. 1
AES
Advanced Encryption Standard
Which motherboard form factor supports mini-PCIe and laptop RAM slots?
Nano-ITX
TCP 110/995
POP3 (post Office Protocol)
UDP 427
SLP (service Location Protocol) Allows computers to access network services on the LAN config Used by apple
Which component of the motherboard manages input/output (I/O) interfaces for a computer such as PCI, PCIe, USB, serial, and IDE?
Southbridge chip
SSH (Secure Shell)
TCP 22 Telecommunications Network Secure UDP 22
Telnet port
TCP 23 (Not secure) Telecommunication Network
Keyboard
The longest serving type of input device (or HIDs).
TCP 23
telnet (telecommunications network) provided none-remote access to command-line Not used much anymore (legacy port)
Which of the statements listed below refer to the characteristic features of traditional magnetic drives? (Select 3 answers)
*High capacity *Low device cost *Low performance
Which of the following protocols work at the Network Interface layer of the TCP/IP model?
-NDP -ARP
DDR stands for what? A. Dual Data Rate B. Double Data Rate C. Disk Drive Reader D. Double Drive Rate
B. Double Data Rate
TCP/UDP 53
DNS (Domain Name System) servers that translate names to ip addresses
1.2 LCD Laptop Display
*Liquid Crystal Display. *Majority of laptops use LCD displays. *A backlight shines through liquid crystals, color filters, and other components to display the text and images on screen. *Advantages of LCD: Lightweight, doesn't consume a lot of power, relatively inexpensive *Disadvantages of LCD: Doesn't produce true black colors, use a backlight such as Florescent (CFFL) or LED bulb which can be difficult to replace
Which of the memory module form factor types listed below are used in laptop computers? (Select 2 answers)
*SODIMM *MicroDIMM
Which expansion slot resides on the motherboard of a computer and is used for connecting a video card to it?
AGP slot
Expansion cards
AKA add-on cards can be installed on the motherboard to add functions or ports not provided as part of the chipset
What is the least volatile type of data storage? A. RAM B. CPU C. HDD D. Cache
C. HDD
How many pins do DDR2 and DDR3 have? A. 200 B. 220 C. 230 D. 240
D. 240
Which of the following number might represent a stick of RAM with ECC capabilities? A. 6 B. 8 C. 10 D. 9
D. 9
Explain how to establish Wi-Fi connectivity on an Apple iPhone.
Here are the steps to connect an iPhone to a Wi-Fi network: 1. Tap the Settings app on the home screen. 2. Select Wi-Fi from the Settings menu. 3. Swipe the Wi-Fi switch to the right to turn it on if it is off. You can also tap switches to toggle them to the opposite state. 4. In the Choose a Network list, tap the name of the wireless network that you want to join. 5. Enter the password or key for the wireless network, if you are asked for one, then tap the Join button. If the connection succeeds, the network name will appear under the Wi-Fi switch with a check mark next to it.
You just purchased a new PCIe network card for a Windows 10 desktop computer. How would you install it?
Here are the steps to install a PCIe network card for a Windows 10 desktop: 1. Power off the PC. 2. Remove the case and the metal or plastic blank covering the expansion slot opening. 3. Insert the new expansion card into the open slot. 4. Secure the expansion card with the screw provided. 5. Put the case back on the computer and power it up. Windows Plug and Play (PnP) should recognize the NIC and install the driver automatically. It may also ask you to provide a copy of the necessary driver if it does not recognize the type of NIC you have installed. If windows does not start the installation routine automatically, you can add it manually. 6. Click Start -> Settings (looks like a gear) -> Devices -> Bluetooth and Other devices, then click the plus sign next to Add Bluetooth or Other device. That will bring up the Add a Device window. 7. Click Everything Else. 8. When Windows finds the NIC, choose it and continue the installation. After installing a NIC you must hook the card to the card using the appropriate cable (if you are using wired connections). 9. Attach a patch cable to the connector on the NIC and to a port in the wall (or connectivity device), thus connecting the PC to the rest of the network.
Detail the process for removing a power supply from a computer chassis.
Here are the steps to remove a power supply from a computer chassis: 1. Remove the power source from the system. 2. Ground yourself and the computer to the same source of ground. 3. Remove the cover from the system. 4. Locate the power supply. 5. Follow all wiring harnesses from the power supply to their termini, disconnecting each one. 6. Remove any obstructions that appear as if they might hinder removal of the power supply. 7. Locate and remove the machine screws on the outside of the case that are used to secure the power supply. 8. Pull the power supply out of the case.
The hard drive on a Dell Inspirion 13 7000 computer failed. You have an extra hard drive of the same type. What would you do to replace it?
Here is how to replace the hard drive in the example laptop computer: 1. Turn off the computer. 2. Remove the bottom of the case. 3. Remove the screw holding the M.2 drive in place. 4. Slide the hard drive out of the M.2 connector. 5. Insert the new device into the connector at the same angle as the old drive was when it was unscrewed. 6. Press he drive down and secure it with a screw. 7. Put the bottom of the case back on.
1.1 Laptop Hard Drive Replacement SSD vs hybrid vs magnetic disk
SSD: No moving parts *Quieter than traditonal magnetic disk hard drives. *Faster read time, slower write, more expensive than magnetic disk. *Form factors: 2.5 inch and 1.8 inch Hybrid: Also known as Solid State Hybrid Drive (SSHD) *Spinning components with solid state components to cache data. *Form factors: 3.5 inch, 2.5 inch, 1.8 inch Magnetic Disk: Non-volatile magnetic storage through rapidly rotating platters *Rotation speeds: 5400 RPM, 7200 RPM, 10,000 RPM, 15,000 RPM *Form factors: 3.5 inch, 2.5 inch, 1.8 inch
Using Lubuntu, perform the following administrative tasks: 1. Create a user account. 2. Manage the hard drives. See how much hard drive space is available. Determine which filesystem is used. 3. Create files and folders. Copy or move them from one location to another. 4. Change the desktop background. 5. Configure accessibility options for users with special needs.
Using Lubuntu will probably feel like using , Windows. The interfaces have several similarities in terms of navigation. Here are some in hints on where you can find the utilities you need to complete the steps in the Chapter 9 performance based question. 1. Creating a user account. You can do this by clicking the launcher (it looks like a button with a bird on it), about where you would expect the Start button to be in Windows, and choosing System Tools -> Users and Groups. Click the Add button to create a new user. 2. Managing storage space. Open the launcher and choose Preferences -> Discs. This one won't work like the one in Windows because it is on a virtual hard drive. 3. Manipulating files. Open the launcher and choose Accessories -> File Manager, or you can choose File manager using the icon to the right of the launcher. Once file manager opens, you can right-click files to perform your tasks. 4. Changing the desktop background. Right click the desktop and choose Desktop Preferences. 5. Configuring accessibility options. As of now, Lubuntu does not offer the types of accessibility options Windows offers. he developer is committed to accessibility but has not yet developed these capabilities. For more information see: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Lubuntu/Developers/Accessibility Maybe you can help!
IMAP
Internet Mail Access Protocol
IPP
Internet Printing Protocol
IP
Internet Protocol
IPConfig
Internet Protocol Configuration
IPSec
Internet Protocol Security
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: RAID not Found
*Missing or faulty RAID controller
MAC (2)
Media Access Control or Mandatory Access Control
BIOS
Basic Input/Output System
CPU
Central Processing Unit
HPFS
High Performance File System
LAN
Local Area Network
NTSC
National Transmission Standards Committee
PE
Preinstallation Environment
PSTN
Public Switched Telephone Network
RPO
Recovery Point Objective
TCP 25/465/587
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) sending email
SFC
System File Checker
TACACS
Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System
UNC
Universal Naming Convention
ERD
emergency repair disk
GDI
graphics device interface
I/O
input and output
KB
knowledge base
MAPI
messaging application programming interface
PGA
pin grid array
How many pins on a DisplayPort?
20 pins
DVD
Digital Versatile Disc
NFS
Network File System
NIC
Network Interface Card
3.8 Configuration for Virtualiztion Workstation
*Max RAM and CPU cores
2.3 Configure QoS on SOHO Network
*May be able to configure Quality of Service on SOHO Router to set priority of traffic. Prioritization can be made based on application, port, or MAC address.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: No Display
*May be an issue with the video card or the display. To verify, connect an external display and see if the image appears on the external display. If it does, then it indicates an issue with the mobile device lcd screen. In that case, you'd need to replace the LCD display.
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: Failure to Boot
*May indicate failing hard drive. You may see lights (or no lights), hear beep errors, or see on screen error messages. One error message may be that the operating system is not found, which means the hard drive is there but there was no operating system found on the drive. Check your cables to the drive, especially if this is a new hard drive installation. Check the data and power cables. Try different SATA interfaces. Next check the boot sequence in BIOS. See if there are any removable media in your boot devices (for example a DVD in the DVD-ROM drive). The BIOS may be looking for the operating system on removable media, such as USB. Check for any disabled storage interfaces in the BIOS. Make sure the hard drive you want to boot from is enabled. Try the drive in a different computer to narrow down what the issue is
3.8 Configuration for Network Attached Storage Device
*Media streaming *File sharing *Gigabit NIC *RAID array *Hard drive
2.7 MAN
*Metropolitan Area Network *WAN confined to a geographic area, such as a university campus or city. *Utilize an ISP or telecommunications provier *MAN is usually equal or smaller than a WAN, but usually bigger than a LAN.
3.6 Headset
A headset is a device that combines a headphone and microphone into one unit. Headsets provide audio output as well as input. Headsets allow you to go hands free while you talk and listen via a mobile device, desktop telephone, or gaming system. Headsets connect via USB, TRS plug, Wireless, or Bluetooth.
ASR
Automated System Recovery
ADF
Automatic Direction Finder
ADF
Automatic Document Feeder
APIPA
Automatic Private Internet Protocol Addressing
CFS (3)
Central File System Common File System Command File System
CFS
Central File System, Common File System, Command File System
DFS
Distributed File System
DNS (2)
Domain Name Service Domain Name Server
DNS
Domain Name System--UDP 53--converts names to IP addresses
Which printer prints one character at a time?
Dot matrix
You are providing consulting services for a client who plans to purchase a large number of printers that can print multipart forms. Which printer type should you advise him to consider?
Dot matrix
Impact Printer Components
Dot-Matrix printer head -moves back and forth, presses pins against a ribbon to make a mark on paper Printer ribbon -Fabric. One long ribbon in a new-ending circle. Proprietary size, specific to printer models Tractor feed -Paper is pulled through by holes on the side of the paper -Continuous paper feed, with perforations between pages -Holes have to line up perfectly
What is not an option to boot from? A. USB B. HDD C. Network D. Optical E. PDS
E. PDS
What color is the Microphone input? A. light blue B. lime C. black D. orange E. pink
E. pink
Which of the following uses an algorithm to encode information into a block of bits?
ECC
Which of the following CPU characteristics allows the processor to classify and separate memory areas where application code can and cannot execute?
EDB
Which of the following components of the laser printer carries an electrical charge that attracts the toner?
EP drum
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Overheating
Excessive heat can cause devices to automatically shut down to prevent overheating damage. Charging or rapidly discharging the battery, high CPU usage, and using the display light are some items that can create heat on your mobile device. Check your app usage to see if a particular app is using a lot of the CPU, which may be causing overheating. As a general precaution, avoid putting your mobile device in direct sunlight which can quickly overheat your device.
Which type of mail service is a proprietary platform developed by Microsoft?
Exchange
ECP
Extended Capabilities Port
exFAT
Extended File Allocation Table
XGA
Extended Graphics Array
One-in-All units have all the computer components, except the keyboard and mouse, are contained within the monitor case. True or False
False; All-in-One
By standard the cover to access the internal components of your computer is on the same side as the I/O panel one the mother board. True or False
False
Due to the compact nature of laptop devices, a GPU on a laptop comes in the form of a CPU-integrated graphics.
False
PARALLEL data transmission is faster than SERIAL data transmission due to many bits being sent at one time. True or False
False
The ATX form factor is larger, so the smaller ITX will fit into a standard ATX chassis. True or False
False
The purpose of a KVM switch is to connect multiple keyboard, monitors, and mouse to a single computer. True or False
False
Thunderbolt version 3 supports speeds up to 40 Gbps over a short distance of 2.0 feet. True or False
False
FSB
Front-Side Bus
ROM
(Read-Only Memory) One of two basic types of memory. ROM contains only permanent information put there by the manufacturer. Information in ROM cannot be altered, nor can the memory be dynamically allocated by the computer or its operator.
SXGA
(Super eXtended Graphics Array) Pixel Dimensions: 1280 x 1024. Aspect Ratio: 5:4 (1.25)
CCFL
(cold cathode fluorescent lamp) The backlight source used by LCD monitors.
3.1 Video Cables
* VGA * HDMI * Mini-HDMI * DisplayPort * DVI ( DVI-D/DVI-I)
2.4 2.4 GHz vs 5 GHz frequency
*2.4 GHz is more popular so it's more likely to run into interference from other wireless devices such as baby monitors, cordless phones, microwave ovens, and Bluetooth *5 GH less prone to interference
3.3 DDR3 RAM
*240 pin stick with a notch that is offset from DDR2. *Not compatible with DDR2 slot. Requires less power. *Triple Channel architecture
3.1 Lightning
*8 pin connector from Apple *Supplies more power than USB *Can be inserted either way *More durable than USB *Can detect and adapt to connected devices
2.6 Link Local IP Addressing
*A link local address allows you to communicate to devices on your subnet, but you aren't able to communicate outside of your local subnet. *A link local address is automatically assigned to every IPv6 enabled device. *Range for link local addresses for IPv6 begins with fe80 and then all zeroes with only one subnet allocated. This means effectively the link local address is fe80 with the rest zeroes in the first 64 bits and the last 64 bits are assigned as the node address. The last 64 bits that are assigned to the device can be based off of the MAC address of the device *IPv6 site local (usable only within single organization or site, not usable on internet: fc00
2.5 Proxy Server Role
*Acts as an intermediate server. *Client on the network makes a request to the proxy. The proxy performs the actual request and then provides the results back to the client. *Useful to perform access control, caching, malware scanning, URL filtering, content scanning, etc.
2.5 Purpose of an End-Point Management Server
*Allows you to manage all of your devices from one centralized area/console. *May be able to perform software and driver installation, security updates and patches, and provide for remote troubleshooting. *Generally requires an agent to be installed on the individual client devices. *The endpoint management server sends commands and the agent on the device will actually execute the commands.
5.1 Best Practice Methodology to Resolve Problems
*Always consider corporate policies, procedures, and impacts before implementing changes 1. Identify the problem -Question the user and identify user changes to computer and perform backups before making changes -Inquire regarding environmental or infrastructure changes -Review system and application logs 2. Establish a theory of probable cause (question the obvious) -If necessary, conduct external or internal research based on symptoms 3. Test the theory to determine cause -Once the theory is confirmed, determine the next steps to resolve problem -If theory is not confirmed re-establish new theory or escalate 4. Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement the solution Identify potential effects of the change 5. Verify full system functionality and, if applicable, implement preventive measures 6. Document findings, actions, and outcomes
3.9 Install and Configure a Thin Client
*Applications are not actually executing on the local device. The applications are run on a remote server and the local thin client device is remoting into that server. A thin client workstation just needs a keyboard, mouse, monitor, power, and a network connection. You don't need to install a full blown operation system or local applications on a thin client. Thin clients have few moving parts, are inexpensive, easy to replace, and requires minimal maintenance.
2.6 APIPA IP Addressing
*Automatic Private IP Addressing *Automatically assigns an IP address when the client can't obtain an IP automatically *APIPA range: 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254 (169.254.x.y) - The first (169.254.0.0) and last (169.254.255.255) addresses are reserved.
3.4 RAID 0
*Block level striping without parity or mirroring. *Requires at least 2 disks *File blocks are split between two or more physical drives *Improves performance with data being able to be written quickly, but provides no redundancy or error checking *More disks in array means higher bandwidth but greater risk of data loss
3.4 BD-R
*Blu-ray Disc Recordable *Can be written to only one time
3.4 BD-RE
*Blu-ray Disc Recordable Erasable *Can be erased and written to multiple times.
3.4 Optical Drive Types
*CD-ROM/CD-RW *DVD-ROM/DVD-RW/DVD-RW DL *Blu-Ray/BD-R/BD-RE
3.4 CR-ROM/CD-RW
*CD-ROM: Read only, can only be written to once and can't be erased or changed. -Holds 650 to 700 MB of data *CD-RW: Rewritable. Requires more sensitive laser optics. Can write and erase data by liquefying the layer where the data resides, and then creating new reflectivity in the same layer upon a rewrite to represent the new data. *CD drives have a speed rating. The first CD drives read data at 150 KBps, which is now referred to as 1x speed. CD drives now have speeds that are multiples of the 150KBps. For example, you may have a CD with a 72x speed which means 10,800 KBps. A writeable CD drives will have 3 numbers for the speed such as 52x24x16 which indicates a speed of 52x for read, 24x for write, and 16x for rewrite.
3.5 Socket Types
*CPU sockets are the mount where the CPU connects to the motherboard *ZIF: Zero insertion force - Uses a lever to lock or release the mechanism that secure the CPU's pins in the socket -For PGA *PGA: Pin Grid Array - Has holes to receive the pins on the CPU. *LGA: Land Grid Array -Pins are on the motherboard instead of the CPU. -Has a lid that closes over the CPU and is locked in place by an L-shaped arm
3.5 Single Core vs Multicore CPU
*CPUs can be single, dual, quad, dual quad core, etc. *With multiple cores, each core operates as individual processors with boosts in performance such as improved response time while running CPU intensive processes. *Impact of multiple cores depends on amount of cache or memory present to serve the CPU.
3.4 Hot Swappable
*Can add and remove the drives while the system is running
3.1 Types of Ethernet Network Cables
*Cat 5 *Cat 5e *Cat 6 *Plenum *Shielded twisted pair *Unshielded twisted pair *568A/B
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: OS Not Found
*Check BIOS boot sequence
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: RAID Stops Working
*Check RAID console to see if you can determine which drive is having an issue
5.7 Troubleshoot Network:No connectivity
*Check physical cables *Is the NIC disabled in Device Manager? *Check the link lights on the NIC and switch *Is the NIC bad? Use utility provided by OS to verify NIC works. *Perform a loopback test (Sends data out of the NIC and checks to see if it comes back). The loopback interface is usually at 127.0.0.1. This lets you know if the protocol stack is working, even if your network connection is not. *Ping a local IP address. Run an ipconfig and find your IP address and try to ping that address. That lets you know that the local configuration and ethernet adapter in your computer is working as expected. *Ping something outside of your computer. A device that should always be there is your default gateway. The IP address of the default gateway is also found in ipconfig. *Try pinging something outside of your local network/ on the router's other side. Can you ping a website? If the ping fails you might not be able to get an IP address for the web site meaning a DNS failure. To fix failing DNS Use command prompt: ipconfig /flushdns Network and Share Center > Click change adapter settings > right click on network connection > Select Diagnose (to run troubleshooter) Try using another DNS server
3.8 Configuration for Standard Thick Client
*Desktop applications *Meets recommended requirements for selected OS
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Artifacts
*Check the configuration settings on the graphics card. There may be options to disable or enable certain features like hardware acceleration, which may resolve the issue. *Image persistence: Change the configuration of your graphics card or resetting the monitor may resolve the issue. *Motion trails: Disable any advanced video features on your graphics card.
1.7 Mobile Device Types of Data to Synchronize
*Contacts *Applications *Email *Pictures *Music *Videos *Calendar *Bookmarks *Documents *Location data *Social media data *E-books *Passwords
3.1 DVI to VGA Adapter
*Convert DVI to VGA *Availalbe in a variety of gender combinations *Available as cable or inline connector *DVI-A is an analog signal and is backward compatible with VGA. *Only 640 x 480 resolution is officially supported.
3.3 Dual Channel RAM
*DIMMs must be installed in matched pairs in the motherboard slots with matching colors. *System alternates between reading two physically separate memory modules, allowing it to read and write data twice as fast
2.3 Configure Firewall Settings in a SOHO Network: *DMZ *Port Forwarding *NAT *UPnP *Whitelist/Blacklist *MAC filtering
*DMZ: On router, configure IP address on your internal network or a port on the router, to be the DMZ. *Port forwarding: External IP/port numbers mapped to internal IP/Port. This allows external users to access private LAN *NAT: Configured on the SOHO router. Internal addresses are translated to a single external address on the Internet. *UPnP: May want to display Universal Plug and Play for security. Otherwise all port are open *Whitelist/Blacklist: Configure on SOHO router for content filtering *MAC filtering: Configure on SOHO router to allow or disallow accessed based on MAC address.
3.4 DVD-ROM/DVD-RW/DVD-RW DL
*DVD-ROM: -Can store up to 4.7GB of data (single layer) -Can store up to 17 GB (Double sided, dual layer) *DVD-RW: Can erase and rewrite *Layer of metal alloy on the disk is manipulated to erase and write the data *DVD-RW DL: Dual layer rewritable disc. -Has a second physical layer within the disc itself. A drive with dual layer capability accesses the second layer by shining the laser through the first semitransparent layer. DVDs can be single sided (SS DVD) or dual sided (DS DVD). Additionally, the format on each side can be single layer (SL) or dual-layer (DL). With the DL format, there are two pitted layers on each data side, and each layer has a different reflectivity index.
2.7 DSL Internet Connection
*Digital Subscriber Line *Uses existing phone lines with DSL modem and a network card *RJ-45 connector used to connect network card to the DSL modem, and phone cord with RJ-11 connector to connect DSL modem to the phone jack *Fastest with ADSL2+ 24 Mbps download
3.1 DisplayPort
*Digital interface standard produced by VESA *Used for audio and video *Primarily used to connect a video source to a display device like a monitor or tv.
3.6 ADF/Flatbed Scanner
*Digitize a printed document, so that you can get the printed information into your computer. *Scanners are usually connected via USB or 802.11 wireless. * A scanner may be included in an all in one device that also includes printing, faxing, and copying capabilities. Scanners can also come in a flatbed form factor. *ADF stands for Automatic Document Feeder. An ADF allows you to place a large number of papers on the scanner and the scanner will automatically pull in and scan the documents.
5.5 Disassembly Processes for Proper Reassembly
*Document and label cable and screw locations *Organize Parts *Refer to manufacturer resources *Use appropriate hand tools
3.1 Unshielded Twisted Pair
*Does not have shielding
3.3 Single Channel RAM
*Doesn't utilize multiple channels between the RAM and memory controller to increase the transfer speed between the two components
2.6 DNS
*Domain Name Service *Resolves fully qualified domain names (FQDNs) like google.com into their IP address
3.3 DDR2 RAM
*Double Data Rate 2 *240 pins and has one notch similar to the previous DDR. But the notch is offset. *Not backward or forward compatible. You can't put a DDR2 module in a DDR or DDR3 slot. *DDR2 DIMM only requires 1.8V of power
1.3 Laptop Special Function Keys Use the Fn key to access special function keys
*Dual displays *Wireless (on/off) *Cellular (on/off) *Volume settings *Screen Brightness *Bluetooth (on/off) *Keyboard backlight *Touchpad (on/off) *Screen orientation *Media options (Fast forward/rewind) *GPS (on/off) *Airplane mode
2.6 DHCP
*Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol *Issues IP configuration data *IP addresses are assigned in real time from a pool. The assigned IP address is only leased for a set period of time. *Can be configured for DHCP reservations. When a server or workstation checks in with DHCP, DHCP will recognize the MAC address of the device and will assign it the same IP address every time.
2.2 Ethernet over Power
*EOP uses an existing electrical network for both electricity and Ethernet network connectivity. *Requires specialized bridges that connect to power outlets
1.6 Configure Bluetooth on a Mobile Device
*Enable Bluetooth *Enable pairing *Find a device for pairing *Enter the appropriate pin code *Test connectivity
2.3 Access Point Settings for SOHO Network
*Enable/Disable frequencies (either 2.4 GHz and/or 5GHz), depending on the wireless standard you opt to use. *Configure the SSID for a wireless access point. *Choose the security mode (with WPA2 being the recommended setting). *Optionally, select which channel and the channel bandwidth to use.
2.4 LTE
*Long Term Evolution *Cellular networking technology that supports 150 Mbit/s download. *LTE Advanced (LTE-A) supports 300 Mbps download/ 75 Mbps upload
3.5 CPU Hyperthreading
*Enables a computer to multitask more efficiently between CPU intensive applications *Improved support for multithreaded code, which allows multiple threads to run simultaneously to improve reaction and response time
2.3 Configure Wireless Settings on SOHO Network
*Encryption: Configure wireless with highest encryption possible. WPA2-AES is recommended. Choose WPA2 over WEP. *Channels (1-11): Choose a frequency with less traffic to prevent conflicts with other devices in your area.
3.3 Error Correcting RAM
*Error Correction Code (ECC) RAM detects if a single bit is incorrect and fixes these errors on the fly. But it's slower, more expensive, and requires special motherboards (usually on servers)
2.2 Repeater
*Extends a network connection over long distances by receiving a signal, regenerating it, and resending out. *Does not make forwarding decisions to determine which connection the signal must go to.
3.5 Cooling Mechanisms: Fans
*Fans blow heat out of the back or side of the case. *A fan commonly sits on top of a CPU heat sink to pull heat out and away from the heat sink
2.4 802.11b
*Frequency: 2.4 GHz *Max throughput: 11 Mbps *Range: 300 feet *Compatibility: 802.11b
2.4 801.11g
*Frequency: 2.4 GHz *Max throughput: 54 Mbps *Range: 300 feet. *Compatibility: 802.11b and 802.11g. *Takes the best of 802.11a and 802.11b
2.4 802.11n
*Frequency: 2.4 GHz and/or 5 GHz *Max throughput: 100 to 600 Mbps *Range: 300+ feet *Compatibility: 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11a (in some cases) *Implements MIMO (multiple input multiple output) where devices can make multiple simultaneous connections.
2.4 802.11ac
*Frequency: 5 GHz *Max throughput: 1-2 Gbps *Range: 300+ feet *Compatibility: 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n *MU-MIMO: Gives WAP the ability to broadcast to multiple users simultaneously
3.1 Mini-HDMI
*HDMI Type C connector: Smaller version of Type A for portable devices. AKA mini HDMI *May have HDMI Type A on other end
3.1 DVI to HDMI Adapter
*HDMI is backward compatible with DVI-D. *No signal conversion is required *No loss of video quality. *Can have a cable with a DVI-D connection on one end and an HDMI connector on the other end. *Standalone adapters also exist with no cable between the DVI-D and HDMI ends.
3.1 Coaxial
*Has a center conductor/core that is used to transmit data *Core has a insulator wrapped around it and a shield over the insulator, and a nonconductive sheath around the shielding. *Uses connectors: BNC for Ethernet , F-Connector for cable modem *Not as susceptible to interference as UTP
1.5 Mobile Device Accessories
*Headsets *Speakers *Game pads *Extra battery packs/battery chargers *Protective covers/waterproofing *Credit card readers *Memory/MicroSD
3.1 HDMI
*High Definition Multimedia Interface *Connects compatible digital items (DVD player, projector, etc.) *Version 1, 1.1, 1.2: Throughput of 3.96 Gbps, 24 bit/px color depth *Version 1.3, 1.4: Throughput of 10.2 Gbps, 48 bit/px color depth *Version 2: Throughput of 6 Gbps, 48 bit/px color depth, but increased audio throughp
2.4 Bluetooth
*High speed communication in short range PAN. *Resistant to interference by switching between frequencies in the 2.45 GHz range *Class 1: - Power Usage: 100 mW -Max Distance: 100 meters *Class 2: -Power Usage: 2.5 mW -Max Distance: 10 meters *Class 3: -Power Usage: 1 mW -Max Distance: 1 meter
1.6 Configure Wireless/Cellular Data Network for a Mobile Device
*Hot spot *Tethering *Airplane mode
1.6 IMEI vs IMSI
*IMEI: International Mobile Equipment Identification- identifies the physical device. *IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identification- Identifies the Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) card.
2.6 Subnet Mask
*Identifies your network ID *Masks/blocks the network portion of an IP address *Typical subnet mask: 255.255.255.0, any part that is 255 is the network ID. Any part that is a 0 is the host ID. *Every computer on a single LAN has the same network ID and a unique host ID. *Subnet mask is used by the local device to determine what subnet it's on
3.5 CMOS Battery
*If PC is not keeping correct time or date when turned off, check the CMOS battery *To reset a forgotten BIOS passwords, you can remove the CMOS battery to reset everything.
3.7 Power input 115V vs 220V
*In the United States and Canada, AC power runs at 110 to 120 volts at 60 hertz (Hz) or cycles per second. In Europe, AC power runs at 220-240V with a frequency of change of 50 Hz. *Power supply may come with switch that allows you to manually switch between 110 V / 115 V and 220 V / 230 V of power input depending on what type of power you're connecting to. Set the manual input voltage switch before plugging the power supply into the power source. *Many power supplies are auto-switching meaning that they can automatically determine what the input voltage is and will adjust itself accordingly without manually flipping a switch to set the voltage input. *If you connect a power supply to a power input that doesn't provide enough voltage, then usually no permanent damage will be caused. However, do not plug a 115V power supply into a 230 V power source. Doing so can seriously damage the power supply and other components in the computer.
2.8 Crimper
*Look like pliers *Used to attach media connectors to the ends of cables
3.5 ITX
*Low-power. *The ITX is larger version of the mITX. *ITX is not that common.
3.4 Solid State Drive Types
*M2 drives *NVME *SATA 25
2.7 ISDN
*Integrated Services Digital Network *WAN technology that performs link management and signaling by packet switching
2.5 Purpose of IDS
*Intrusion Detection System *Monitors for intrusion events (exploits against operating systems, application vulnerabilities, buffer overflows, cross site scripting, vulnerabilities) and will provide alerts or alarms when an intrusion is detected.
2.5 Purpose of IPS
*Intrusion Prevention System *Similar to an IDS, but an IPS goes a step further and takes some action to prevent the intrusion from spreading further into the network.
3.5 ATX
*Largest at 12 inches by 9.6 inches. *Since it is a larger form factor, you're able to fit more components on the motherboard. *Processor socket is located near the power supply *The hard drive and disk connectors are located near the drive bays
2.5 Legacy/Embedded Systems
*Legacy systems are really old systems. *Legacy systems may be running important services so you may need to learn about legacy systems as well as keeping up to date with modern systems. *Embedded systems are purpose built devices that may have connectivity to the network. *Examples of embedded systems may be alarm systems, door security, timecard system, etc.
3.5 CPU Speeds
*Listed CPU speed is the maximum that the CPU can go. *Speed is listed in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz) and refers to how many total transactions that can occur in a single second. One hertz means 1 time per second. Megahertz means millions of transactions per second, gigahertz means billions of transactions per second. *Many different components determine the actual speed of the CPU. For example, clock speed, CPU architecture, bus speed, bus width, L1 cache size, L2 cache size, and operating system capabilities influence the speed.
2.7 LAN
*Local Area Network *Geographically confined within a small space
3.5 mITX
*Mini-ITX *Low power *Can be passively cooled without a fan *Has one expansion lot *Is screw compatible with ATX and microATX. This means you can use a mini-ITX in ATX or microATX cases. *Used for single purpose computing devices, for example just to stream media or for a point of sale device.
3.4 RAID 10
*Mirrored sets in a striped set *Creates striped set from a series of mirrored drives *Requires at least 4 disks (must have even number) *Array can sustain multiple drive losses as long as no mirror loses all of it its drives. *Combines the performance of RAID 0 with the redundancy of RAID 1
3.4 RAID 1
*Mirroring without parity or striping *Requires at least 2 disks *Data written identically to multiple disks *Improves performance for read intensive applications *Provides for high redundancy, 1 drive can fail *Requires high disk utilization, the amount of disk space needed doubles.
1.6 Integrated Commercial Email Provider Configuration on Mobile Devices
*Mobile device may be preconfigured with commercial email providers and all you have to do is click on the email provider and provide your username and password to perform a set up. *Example email providers: -Gmail: Supports IMAP4 and POP3 -Exchange Online (hosted email): Supports IMAP4 and POP3 -iCloud Mail: This is Apple's mail provider. Only supports IMAP4. -Yahoo Mail: Supports IMAP4 and POP3
3.1 IDE Hard Drive Cable
*Most common for hard drives, but also can be used for other drive types like CD-ROM, DVD *IDE controller built onto the drive and use short ribbon cable to connect to the IDE interface. *Need to set the master/slave jumpers on the drive. Each IDE interface can have only one master drive
3.1 Fiber
*Most expensive *Glass core within a rubber outer coating. *Uses beams of light rather than electrical signals to relay data. *not susceptible to interference *Can run for kilometer long distances since light doesn't diminish over distance the way that electrical signals do *Speeds from 1 Gbps up to 100 Gbps *Uses connectors: ST, SC, LC, FC, MT-RJ
3.5 Internal USB Connector
*Motherboard may have USB connectors directly integrated. These may be used for keyboard, mouse, and printer connections. There may also be USB connectors on the computer case. There should be wires from the USB computer case connector. Find the location on the motherboard where these USB interfaces can be connected.
3.5 Front panel connector
*Motherboard will have small pin connectors to connect front panel interfaces. The front panel connector will be pre installed with wires that will then connect to the motherboard. Most computer cases will label the end of the wires so that you know where to plug into the motherboard. For example, the wires may be labeled with Reset SW (switch), Power LED, HDD LED, etc.
1.5 Mobile Device Wireless Connection Types
*NFC *Bluetooth *IR *Hotspot
2.4 NFC
*Near Field Communication *2 way wireless communication in short distances *Operates in 3 modes: NFC card emulation, NFC reader/writer, NFC peer-to-peer *NFC operates at 106 Kbps, 212 Kbps, and 424 Kbps at the 13.56 MHz frequency.
2.7 PAN
*Personal Area Network *LAN created by personal devices *More for ad hoc wireless networks (devices connect to each other directly, not through a wireless access point)
2.6 NAT
*Network Address Translation *Extends the number of usable Internet addresses and can act as a firewall. *Allows an organization to present a single address to the Internet for all computer connections *Acts as a proxy between the local area network (which can be using private IP addresses) and the Internet.
3.4 NVME
*Non Volatile Memory Express *SSD technology that supports OS and SSD communication through a PCIe bus lane to reduce latency and take full advantage of speeds of high end SSDs. *Come in formats like an add on expansion card or 2.5 inch drive. *More expensive than other SSDs but have higher speeds
2.3 IoT device configuration in SOHO network *Thermostat *Light switches *Security cameras *Door locks *Voice enabled, smart speaker/digital assistant
*Not much configuration is needed. Most IoT devices automatically communicate outbound so that you can then connect to a central server and gain access to your IoT device.
3.5 PCIe
*PCI Express *Uses network of serial interconnects to operate at high speed *PCIe slot can be converted to PCI with an adapter but does not work the other way around. *Smaller PCIe expansions cards can be plugged into a bigger lane PCIe slot. PCIe comes in different lane amounts, such as 16 lanes (knowns as x16) for graphics card or it could be a single lane (known as 1x). A four lane PCIe is called an x4.
1.6 Email Configuration on a Mobile Device
*POP3: Protocol to retrieve email - Can download email from server to single client and then deletes the message from the server -TCP Port 110 -POP3 over secure channel (POP3S): TCP Port 995 *IMAP: Protocol to retrieve email -Mail accessed and store on central server -Better for accessing email on multiple devices - TCP Port 143 -IMAP with SSL (IMAPS): TCP Port 993 *S/MIME: To encrypt and digitally sign email
1.6 PRI Updates / PRL Updates / Baseband Updates
*PRI Updates: Product release instructions. Connection between mobile device and radio. Generally invisible to the user and update over the air. *PRL Updates: Preferred Roaming List. List of radio frequencies the mobile device can use in various geographic areas. Updates generally done over the air. Android: -Settings > System Updates > Update PRL -Settings > Sprint System Updates > Update PRL -Settings > About Phone>Update PRL iOS: Run a profile update. *Baseband updates: Baseband is the chip that controls the GSM and 3G RF waves. Update is usually invisible to the user and can be done over the air (OTA). Sometimes a message will appear saying the radio has been updated for your cellular network.
3.3 Parity vs non-parity RAM
*Parity memory adds an additional parity bit to the memory that's normally transferred across the memory modules. It can detect when an error has occurred but it has no way to correct the error. *A DIMM is 64 bits wide. With parity checking, the DIMM would have 8 extra bits (1 parity bit for every 8 bit byte). Therefore, a DIMM with parity is 64+8=72 bits wide. If your system supports parity then you must use parity memory modules.
3.5 PCI
*Peripheral Component Interconnect bus is fast (33 MHz) and wide (32 or 64 bit) *Slots are typically white *PCI cards that are 32 bit with 33 MHz operate up to 133 MBps, and 32 bit cards with 64 MHz operate up to 264 MBps. *PCI cards that are 64 bit with 33 MHz operate up to 266 MBps, and 64 bit cards with 66 MHz operate up to 538 Mbps
3.5 USB Expansion Card
*Provide a USB connection (or additional connections) *Can plug into PCI, PCIe, or PCMCIA slots.
3.5 Network Interface Card
*Provide a connection for the PC to a network *Network cards made for Ethernet, fiber-optic, token ring, 802.11 (wireless), etc.
3.4 Magnetic hard drives
*Provide non-volatile magnetic storage through rapidly rotating platters. *Rotation speeds: 5400 RPM 7200 RPM 10,000 RPM 15,000 RPM *Sizes: 2.5 inch, 3.5 inch
2.7 Cable Internet Connection
*Provided by cable provider *Uses cable modem *Faster than DSL
3.6 Printer
*Provides a physical output from your computer. There are color or black and white output options to print paper documents or photos. Printer capabilities can be extended to be an all in one machine that provides printing, scanning, copying, and faxing capabilities. Printers are generally connected via USB, Ethernet, 802.11 wireless, Bluetooth, or Infrared.
2.5 Authentication Server Role
*Provides login authentication to resources. *The authentication server is a centralized repository of all of the authentication credentials for your organization. *When you log in to your enterprise computer or VPN, your credentials are sent to the authentication server for verification. *Usually redundant across multiple servers to maintain availability.
2.7 Line-of-Sight Wireless Internet Service
*Requires direct line of vision between your location and the ISP
2.2 Routers
*Route traffic between IP subnets. *Has at least 2 IPS: 1. IP to connect to your LAN's switch (has IP that is part of your network ID) 2. IP that connects to the next network (ISP or another router).
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: Proprietary crash screens (BSOD/pin wheel)
*Run diagnostics on your hard drive and motherboard.
3.5 SATA
*SATA connectors are for storage drive interfaces *7 pin card-edge connector for serial data transfer
2.3 Install and Configure Router/Switch Functionality for SOHO Network
*SOHO all in one router would be the best to act as a modem, router, switch, wireless AP, firewall, and more. *Router functions to allow routing to the outside Internet, usually with a DSL or cable modem connection. *Not much configuration to be done. Plug into power. Plug in the device connections.
2.1 IMAP
*TCP Port: 143 *Internet Message Access Protocol *Protocol with a store and forward capability. Allows messages to be stored on an email server instead of downloaded to the client.
2.3 Configure IP addressing for SOHO network
*SOHO router usually has DHCP so that when you plug in a device it will automatically get an internal IP address. *The IP addresses that are given can be defined on the SOHO router. The Internal IP address and subnet mask of the router can be viewed in the SOHO router settings. The configuration page will also show you the DHCP address range for other devices, and the DNS server addresses. *With DHCP, IPs can be issued to any wireless device within range, so rogue device could be allowed on the network. For security, you can turn off the SOHO router's DHCP feature and manually enter IP address for the clients.
3.8 Configuration for Graphic/CAD/CAM Design Workstation
*SSD *High end video *Max RAM
3.8 Configuration for Gaming PC
*SSD *High end video/specialized GPU *High definition sound card *High end cooling
3.1 Shielded Twisted Pair
*STP *Has shielding, resembling aluminum foil, directly beneath the outer insulation. *More expensive than UTP
2.7 Satellite Internet Connection
*Satellite service provider send microwave signal from a dish to an orbiting satellite and back *Point to multipoint (one satellite to many receivers) *Slower than other broadband technologies, 50 Mbit/s down, 3 Mbit/s up *Best for remote sites *High latency *Weather and atmospheric conditions can affect the connection
3.4 SD Card
*Secure Digital *Max capacity of standard SD card is 512 GB. *Two other standards SDHC (32 GB) and SDXC (2 TB)
1.7 Mutual Authentication for Multiple Services (SSO)
*Server verifies the credentials of the client. Client verifies the credentials of the server.
3.5 BIOS/UEFI Security Settings
*Set BIOS password *Drive encryption *TPM *Lojack *Secure Boot
2.3 End user device configuration for SOHO network
*Set up automatic configurations for speed and duplex, DHCP addressing. *IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS servers pull from the SOHO router information.
3.5 CPU Overclocking
*Setting a CPU to run at speeds above its rated specification *A higher clock requires more power, generates more heat, and at some point cause the system to become unstable. *Overclocking adjusts the clock mulitiplier. Not all motherboards will allow you to overclock. If your motherboard does allow it then there would be setting in your BIOS called base clock (BCLK). The CPU on the motherboard must also allow you to overclock
3.5 Cooling Mechanisms: Liquid Cooling
*Silent but more expensive *Uses a pump, a radiator, and a cooling block with liquid to remove heat. *Cool liquid is brought into the heat sink, which is then warmed up by the CPU, and then the hotter liquid is pumped away. At the back of the computer is a radiator and fan that cools down the liquid so that it can be sent back through the system to cool components down.
2.2 Firewall
*Sits between the internal network and the rest of the world to filter the traffic between the two. *Filters can be done programs, but most are done on ports. *Firewall can be software or hardware based. *May incorporate a proxy, gateway, and filter.
3.5 Riser card
*Sits perpendicular to motherboard and contains expansion slots so that expansion cards can be oriented parallel to the motherboard when installed. *To accommodate slime line cases.
3.3 SODIMM RAM
*Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Module *SODIMM used in laptops or mobile devices *72, 144, or 200 pins *Know how to install
3.4 M2 drive
*Smaller storage device *As fast or faster than SATA drives *Doesn't require SATA data or power cables Connects to M.2 interface on motherboard. *4 Gbyte/second throughput or faster *Connector types: B key, M key, or B and M key.
3.8 Configuration for Audo/Video Editing Workstation
*Specialized audio and video card *Large, fast hard drive *Dual monitors
3.1 Cat6
*Speeds of 10/100/1000 Mbps and 10 Gbps *100 meters *4 twisted pairs of copper wire used in 10GBaseT networks *Uses a longitudinal separator which separates each of the 4 pairs of wires.
3.1 Cat 5e
*Speeds up to 1 Gbps (100 Mbps) *100 meters *4 twisted pairs of copper wire, but are physically separated and contain more twists per foot that Cat5.
3.1 Cat 5
*Speeds up to 100 Mbps *100 meters *4 twisted pairs of copper wire
2.5 Syslog Role
*Standard for message logging. *Requires a large amount of data space to store all of its information. *Means by which devices can report their logs and events to a SIEM (Security Information and Event Management), which gathers logs from a variety of devices and events.
3.4 XD
*Stands for Extreme Digital. *Used in older digital cameras. *16 MB - 2 GB capacities
3.5 BIOS/UEFI Drive encryption
*TPM: TPM chip contains keys that unlock the drives. When computer boots, the TPM chip checks the hashes of the drive and will only unlock the drive if the hashes match the snapshots of the drive taken earlier. *Lojack: Remotely locate, lock, and delete data on a mobile device when it is stolen *Secure Boot: Operating system check integrity of all system fils before allowing the boot process to proceed. Protects against alteration or corruption of system files.
2.2 Access Points
*Transmitter and receiver devices that create a wireless LAN (WLAN). *APs provide a connection point between the WLAN and wired Ethernet LAN.
3.1 HDMI Connectors
*Type A connector: 19 pins, backward compatible with DVI *Type B connector: 29 pins, not backward compatible with DVI, but support higher resolutions *Type C connector: Smaller version of Type A for portable devices. AKA mini HDMI *Type D connector: Even smaller than Type C. Resembles micro-USB connector *Type E connector: Planned for automotive applications
2.1 NetBiOS/NetBT
*UDP Port: 137 is NetBIOS name service. Used to find the device on the network by its name. *UPD Port: 138 is NetBIOS Datagram service (nbdatagram) *TCP Port: 139 is NetBIOS session service (nbsession) which is the TCP version of nbdatagram
2.1 SNMP
*UDP Port: 161 to query devices *UDP Port: 162 to receive alarms/traps from devices *Simple Network Management Protocol *Protocol that facilitates network management functionality.
2.1 DHCP
*UDP Port: 67 and 68 *Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol *Provides automatic address and IP configuration for devices
2.5 Purpose of UTM
*Unified Threat Management. *Designed to be an all in one security appliance. *Can include a URL filter, content inspection, malware inspection, and spam filter. *Can also handle network connectivity. May have a wide area network CSU/DSU and routing and switching capability. *Can be a firewall as well as an IDP or IPS. *Might be able to provide QoS and be a bandwidth shaper.
3.1 USB
*Universal Serial Bus *Expansion bus type used for external devices *Hot swappable - Plug and Play *Up to 127 USB devices can share a single set of system resources *Width is 1 bit because it is a serial interface
2.7 Cellular
*Use a central access point (cell tower) in a mesh network architecture *Tethering: Connecting a device to a smartphone or tablet with a cellular connection so that the device can use the Internet connection. Connection can be done via 802.11, Bluetooth, or physical connection *Mobile hotspot: Multiple devices can connect to a cellular device via 802.11 to use the Internet connection.
Which of the following answers describe the function of a laptop's inverter? (Select 2 answers)
*Used for supplying voltage to backlights in older types of LCD panels. *Converts DC power into AC power.
2.2 Hub
*Used in networks that use twisted pair cabling to connect devices *Unlike a switch, hubs direct data packets to all devices connected to the hub, regardless of whether the data package is actually destined for the connected device. *Different from a repeater because a repeater sends the signal out of a single interface whereas the hub repeats the signal to multiple interface simultaneously.
2.5 Print Server Role
*Used to connect a printer (or printers) to the network. *Provides printing services for all network devices. *Acts as a middle man between someone requesting to print and the actual printer. *Can be software in a computer connected to the printer or it can be built into the printer *Uses standard printing protocols such as SMB (Server Message Block), IPP (Internet Printing Protocol), and LDP (Line Printer Daemon)
2.2 Bridge
*Used to divide larger networks into smaller sections by sitting between two physical network segments and managing the flow of data between the two. *Bridges examine the MAC address of the devices connected to each segment and decide to forward data if they believe the destination address is on another interface. *Example: Wireless access point -connects a wired Ethernet network with a wireless network and looks at destination MAC address to determine whether to send traffic to wired Ethernet network or wireless network.
2.8 Cable Stripper
*Used to remove the outer covering of cables to get to the wire pairs within *Put the end of the cable in the mouth of the cable stripper, close the mouth, and twist the cable stripper in a circle to cut away the outer covering without damaging the internal wires
3.4 Blu-ray
*Uses a blue-violet laser to read discs (DVD uses a red laser). The blue laser and a special lens allows the laser to be more focuses with provides for higher density data storage. *25 GB (Single layer), 50 GGB (dual layer), 100 GB (triple layer), 128 GB (quad layer)
2.6 VLAN
*Virtual Local Area Network *With VLAN you can have one physical switch that is logically separated into different LANs. *Decreases cost and simplifies the administration of having multiple switches on the network.
2.6 VPN
*Virtual Private Network *Allows a remote computer to use a secure tunnel through the Internet to connect to another network. *Uses encrypted tunnels between a computer (or remote network) to create a private network through the Internet
2.7 WAN
*Wide Area Network *Collection of two or more LANs *Typically connected by routers
3.1 568A/B
*Wiring standards *Same standard use on each end of cable means it will be a crossover cable. Different standard on each end means it will be a straight through cable *568A: PIN numbers read from left to right: Pin 1: Green striped Pin 2: Green Pin 3: Orange Striped Pin 4: Blue Pin 5: Blue striped Pin 6: Orange Pin 7: Brown striped Pin 8: Brown *568B: PIN numbers read from left to right: Pin 1: Orange striped Pin 2: Orange Pin 3: Green Striped Pin 4: Blue Pin 5: Blue striped Pin 6: Green Pin 7: Brown striped Pin 8: Brown
What are the characteristic features of an OLED display? (Select 3 answers)
*Works without backlight *Lower light output (brightness) in comparison to LCDs. *Better contrast ratio and color representation in comparison to LCDs.
3.5 eSATA card
*eSATA is a form of SATA meant for external connectivity *eSATA uses a more robust connector, longer shielded cables, and stricter electrical standards. *Faster than USB 2.0 but not faster than USB 3.0
1.7 Connection Types to Enable Synchronization
*iOS synchronization can be done via the below connections: -Apple USB Proprietary 30 pin connector -Apple USB Proprietary 8 pin lightning connector -USB-C -802.11 Wireless -Mobile network *Android synchronization can utilize the below connections: -USB Micro-B -USB-C -802.11 Wireless -Mobile network
You are given a network with two public IP addresses and several hundred internal private IP addresses. You are also told that one of the internal addresses belong to a web server. You are asked to implement a translation scheme where all internal users will be able to access the Internet while Internet users will also be able to access the web server. Which of the following combination of features would you use for this implementation?
-1 to 1 static NAT mapping for the web server and 1 to many PAT mappigns for the internal users
DDR2 SDRAM Characteristics
-240 pin DIMMS for desktops -200 pin SO-DIMMS for laptops -single or dual-channel architecture
DDR4 SDRAM Characteristics
-288 pin DIMM for desktops -260 pin SO-DIMMs for laptops
USB 3.0
-5 gigabits per second -3 meters
You want to set up a wireless network with data throughput of 54 Mbps. Which two wireless specifications will provide a data throughput of 54 Mbps?
-802.11a -802.11g
Which Wi-Fi standards can be accessed using a mini PCI wireless adapter?
-802.11g -802.11b
Which email domain names would not be associated with an Apple iCloud account?
You have purchased a program that requires a joystick. Which of these types of computer ports could allow you to attach a joystick?
-A DA-15 port -A USB port
A user named Brad calls and reports that he is unable to connect to a file server on your 100BaseT network, although he is able to connect to folders on other computers. A single hub exists on the network. Which hardware problem should you investigate?
-A defective hub port -A defective NIC in the file sever
You are using Internet Explorer to access an FTP server on the Internet. When you attempt to connect, you get the following error: "Windows cannot access this folder. Make sure you typed the file name correctly and that you have consent to access to the folder. The operation timed out." What could be the probable cause?
-A firewall on the network is preventing access -The Enable folder view for FTP sites option is enabled in Internet Explorer
Port
-A hardware interface that you can use to connect devices to a computer. -Also referred to as an endpoint -Transfers electronic signals between the device and the system unit
System Case
-AKA: chassis, boxes, main units, base units -A plastic and metal box that houses components such as the motherboard, CPU, memory, adapter cards, disk drives, and power supply units.
Motherboard
-AKA: mobo, system board, main board -A printed circuit board that houses the processor, chipset, memory, and expansion slots.
In a default Windows installation, if a built-in microphone is not working on a laptop that has Windows 10, what could be the possible resolution?
-Adjust the audio settings in Windows -Update the microphone drivers -Configure the allow apps to access microphone settings in Windows
Which option best describes the process of devices such as Wi-Fi access points to reporting their usage and status information to a cloud-based management point?
-Backhaul
Troubleshooting Networks (Intermittent Connectivity)
-Check LAN icon in system tray -check cables -could be switch or wireless access point -router could be rebooting
Troubleshooting Networks (No Network Connectivity)
-Check link light -ping loopback (127.0.0.1) -ping local ip address -ping default gateway -ping devices on router's other side (8.8.8.8)
You connect a desktop to a wall socket and attempt to power it on. However, the desktop is not powering on. What is the first thing that you should check?
-Check the wall socket with a tester
You are troubleshooting a laser printer problem where faint images of previously printed pages are appearing on the current page. Which two components are the most likely cause of this problem?
-Cleaning blade -Discharge lamp
Which types of data would be most likely to be synchronized between any two devices?
-Contacts -Email -Calendar
A technician is connecting a router directly to a PC using the G1/0/1 interface. Without the use of auto-sensing ports, which of the following cables should be used?
-Crossover
A user needs to transport a 1,100 MB file. Which media types could be used?
-DVD+R -DDS-3
A department manager reports that one of her department's printers is printing fuzzy or low-quality print. Which conditions contribute to this problem?
-Damp paper -High humidity
Which of the following are the *best* features to include in a Home Theater PC?
-Digital audio -HDMI output
Which of the following characteristics are generally found on a docking station that port replicators do not offer?
-Docks have independent hardware -Docks contain internal expansion ports
If you are using an impact printer, which of the following type of paper, you are likely to use?
-Dot matrix paper -Labels -Impact paper -Continuous feed -Pin-feed
DDR3 SDRAM Characteristics
-Doubled buffer over DDR2 from 4bits to 8bits -Some include Extended Memory Profile (XMP) for easy overclocking -up to triple or quad-channel architecture -240 pin DIMM for desktops -204 pin SO-DIMM for laptops
Which of the following features are incorporated in USB 3.0 technology?
-Enhanced power efficiency -Backward compatibility with USB 2.0 and 1.1 -Two unidirectional data paths
You are troubleshooting a problem with a computer. After analyzing the problem, you determine a possible cause of the problem. You test your theory, but determine that the theory is not correct. Which two steps could you take next?
-Escalate the problem -Establish a new theory
Which of the following are standard AMD processor socket types?
-FM1 -AM3
James, a technician, wants to transfer files between two systems. Which of the following protocols will help him?
-FTP -SCP
USB 2.0 Type B (4-pin)
-For connection to a device -Connector & port are square with beveled top
Which statements best describe the difference between a hub and a bridge?
-Hubs send incoming data out over all other ports, bridges do not -Hubs come in Active and Passive varieties, bridges do not -Hubs operate at Layer 1 of the OSI model, bridges operate at Layer 2
Which of the following can be reasons for low Wi-Fi signals?
-Incorrect configuration of the receiving device -Older wireless router or access points -Lack of power from the wireless access point -Interference from other devices
Your company has decided to implement a wireless network. The wireless network users must be able to connect to resources on your internal network, including file, print, and DHCP services. Which options should you implement?
-Infrastructure mode -A wireless access point
Which statements are correct about the IMEI value of a mobile device?
-It identifies the physical device itself -Every IMEI number is unique to each device
Which statement best describe the characteristics of the TCP protocol?
-It uses acknowledgements -It is reliable
Laser Printer Maintenance (Replacing Toner Cartridge)
-Look at the messages—low doesn't mean empty -the toner can also contain the OPC drum—it is sensitive to light, so keep it in the bag -turn off the printer before doing anything -remove packing strips from the new drum, and replace
Which operating systems would not support installing a synchronization application such as iTunes?
-MAC OS X 10.4 (Tiger) -MAC OS X 10.5 (Leopard -Windows XP
Mini-ITX
-Motherboard form factor -Becoming popular as home machines (and in image-conscious offices) for SFF -6.7in square -Only 1 expansion slot
Micro-ATX (mATX)
-Motherboard form factor -Specifies a 9.6in square board -Has fewer expansion slots than ATX boards, max of 4
Which of the following applications are cloud-based and are specifically designed for mobile phone or tablets?
-NetSuite -Salesforce -Dropbox -Sugar Sync
Your laptop computer, which typically draws 2 amperes (amps) under normal usage, has a rechargeable nickel-cadmium (NiCad) battery that provides 150 minutes of battery power. lately, the laptop runs out of power after only 30 minutes of use. Which actions should you take to extend the time your computer can operate on battery power?
-Perform several cycles of discharging and recharging the battery -Clean the battery terminals
Thunderbold (TB)
-Peripheral interface that was developed by Intel and is primarily used on Apple workstations & laptops. -Can be used as a display interface (like DisplayPort or HDMI) and a general peripheral interface (like USB).
You have decided to enable overclocking to increase the performance of a computer. On which computer components can you specifically enable overclocking?
-Processor -RAM -System bus
Which of the following are features of a firewall?
-Protects systems from malware and spyware -Filters inbound and outbound communication -Enables or disables port security on certain ports
Jack has several areas in the office where he needs to install cabling. He has coaxial cable on hand, and he would like to use splitters to connect the different computers and areas. If he runs multiple splitters, which effects should he anticipate?
-Service quality issues -Connection speed issues -Signal loss
Which of the following configuration will largely define the orientation of a document that you are likely to print?
-Settings in the printer properties -Settings in the printer command properties -Software that is being used for printing the document
You get a ghost cursor on your laptop screen. Which of the following methods can help you resolve this issue?
-Slow down mouse acceleration -Use a large mouse pointer -Disable the touchpad and use an external mouse -Update the touchpad device drivers
USB 2.0 Type B Mini (5-pin)
-Smaller connector for connection to a device -Seen on early digital cameras but no longer widely used
Which improvements does IPv6 provide over the current IP addressing scheme?
-The IP header options allow more efficient forwarding and less rigid length limits -Some header fields have been dropped or made optional
You are using a DSL connection at home. Even though the DSL connection is working fine, and you are able to connect to the Internet, the telephone line is dead even though it was working earlier. You connect the telephone to another port using a diferrent calbe, you are now able to get a dial tone. Woulc could be the possible cause of htis problem?
-The RJ-11 patch cord is faulty -The RJ-11 Port is is not working
USB 2.0 Type B Micro (5-pin)
-Updated connector for smaller devices such as smartphones or tablets -Distinctly flatter than the older mini type connector
PLAB Inc. uses a wireless network that has recently been breached. An attacker connected to the wireless network after gaining access to its password. The security administrator wants to ensure that the wireless network is secured with the available methods. Which of the following procedures should the security administrator implement?
-Use WPA2-Enterprise -Disable the SSID broadcast -Activate MAC filtering -Lower the radio transmission strength
George is only familiar with VGA connectors for monitors. What should you tell him are the main differences between VGA and DVI connectors?
-VGA and DVI video signals travel at different speeds -VGA connectors and cables carry analog signals, while DVI can carry both analog and digital signals
You want to transfer data from one device to another within the operational range of about 10 meters. Which of the following wireless connection methods will you use?
-Wi-Fi -Bluetooth
RJ-11 Connector
-connector used with 2- or 3-pair UTP or with flat ribbon "silver satin" phone cables (1 pair carries the dial tone & voice circuit and the other pair is usually unused but can be deployed for a second unit) -used for telephone systems -6P2C - 6 position/2 contacts
Which of the following is a non-routable address?
0.0.0.0
Troubleshooting Process
1. Identify the problem 2. Establish a theory 3. Test the theory 4. Create a plan of action 5. Implement the solution 6. Verify full system functionality 7. Document findings
1.1 Laptop Hard Drive Replacment 1.8in vs 2.5in
1.8 inch and 2.5 inch hard drives are common in laptops. 1.8 inch is not as popular as the 2.5 inch.
USB 3.1
10 Gbit/s
FAT16
16-Bit File Allocation Table
FAT16
16-bit file allocation table
Loopback
127.0.0.1
Which IPv4 address is reserved for the APIPA address?
169.254.0.0/16
APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)
169.254.1.0-.169.254.254.255
Which IP address is used by Class B private networks?
172.16.0.0
Private IPv4 Class B
172.16.0.0-172.31.255.255
How many pins on an HDMI port? ______ pins
19 pins
What is the transfer rate of the DDR4 2400?
19.2 GB/sec
Which port is used by SSH by default?
22
What is the subnet mask of the address 144.201.5.32?
255.255.0.0
What is the default subnet mask for IP address 196.132.74.10?
255.255.255.0
Blu-ray single layer
25GB
FAT32
32-Bit File Allocation Table
FAT32
32-bit file allocation table
What is the internet connection speed of the broaband cable?
384Kbps - 400 Mbps
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol uses which port by default?
389
How many pins on an RJ-11 phone port?
4 pins
Which power connector allows current to flow to different types of peripheral devices?
4-pin Molex
List the troubleshooting model in order. 1. Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem and implement preventative measures 2. Verify full system functionality, and if applicable, implement preventative measures 3. Document findings, actions, and outcomes. 4. Test the theory to determine cause 5. Establish a theory of probable cause 6. Identify the problem
6, 5, 4, 1, 2, & 3
How many pins on an RJ-45 ethernet port?
8 pins
A Desktop Computer
A PC that is not designed to be used on the move.
Which of the following will you consider to replace a power supply that consists of a 20-pin ATX connector and Molex drives
A PSU with a 20+4 connector
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
A connectionless, unreliable protocol used to send data packets between computers over a network. No flow control.
Loopback Plug
A device used to test a port in a computer or other device to make sure the port is working and might also test the throughput or speed of the port.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Low Memory Errors
A laser printer has to built the entire page in memory before it is able to print. Complex documents with lots of graphics consume more of its memory. Sometimes the printer may not have enough memory to build out the entire page. When this occurs the printer may display a memory error or only a portion of the page prints out.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
A network service that provides automatic assignment of IP addresses and other TCP /IP configuration information. UDP 67, 68
A radio firmware update is used to apply updates to which component of a mobile device?
A physical chip
A user has been given an inkjet printer that connects locally to this desktop computer. What does this printer use to push ink onto paper?
A piezoelectric crystal
1.3 Port replicator
A port replicator is similar to a docking station. However, they are generally smaller and do not have an option to add expansion cards.
3.11 Laser Printing: Charging
A primary charging roll charges the photosensitive drum with negative ions.
What is flashing?
A process of rewriting the information stored on the chip
3.6 Projector
A projector is useful when giving presentations and you want to display your screen in a large format so that the audience can see. Digital projectors may be referred to as LCD projectors, although the technology within the projector may not necessarily use LCD. The lamp inside of a projector must be very bright in order to project the image onto a wall or white screen. projector you may still hear the fan running to cool down the lamp. Keep the project plugged in while the fan is cooling down the lamp. Once you hear the fan turn off you can unplug the projector. Project brightness is measured in lumens. For dark rooms, 1000 to 1200 lumens should be sufficient. Classrooms and conference rooms need 2500 lumens or more.
SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)
A protocol available with the proprietary version of SSH that copies files between hosts securely. Like FTP, SFTP first establishes a connection with a host and then allows a remote user to browse directories, list files, and copy files. Unlike FTP, SFTP encrypts data before transmitting it. -PORT 22 -FTP OVER TLS/SSL
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
A security protocol that combines digital certificates for authentication with public key data encryption server driven process
Tone generator
A small electronic device that issues a signal on a wire pair. When used in conjunction with a tone locator, it can help locate the termination of a wire pair.
Jumpers
A small plastic clip containing a metal conductor that fits over 2 contacts on the motherboard. The position of the clip completes the circuit that configures the motherboard in one way or another.
3.6 Smart Card Reader
A smart card is a card with a chip or circuitry integrated into it. Smart card readers can be built into a laptop or desktop computer. The reader is able to read information off of a smart card's integrated circuit. Thus smart cards and smart card readers can be used as a form of authentication. You may be asked to insert the smart card into the reader as another form of authentication. Smart card readers can be built in or external. External smart card readers are usually connected via USB.
IDS (Intrusion Detection System)
A software and/ or hardware system that scans, audits, and monitors the security infrastructure for signs of attacks in progress.
RAID 10 (1+0)
A stripe of mirrors. Pros—the speed of striping, the redundancy of mirroring. Cons—requires at least 4 drives.
What is a preferred roaming list (PRL)?
A type of setting that enables the device to connect to specific cell towers
4.1 Virtual Desktop
A virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) is a way to manage a working desktop of a system. VDI in the cloud allows you to extend virtual desktops to anyone wherever they may be. User can have their own pre-built desktop. Users just log in to the cloud based VDI to use their desktop. Cloud hosted virtual desktop allows users to access the VDI from almost any operating system. For example, you can be running Mac OS locally, but you'll be able to log in and use your normal Windows desktop in the cloud. An example of a cloud hosted virtual desktop is Amazon WorkSpaces.
2.5 Web Server Role
A web server responds to browser requests using standard web browsing protocols of HTML or HTML5. Web pages are stored on the server. The browser on your computer requests for the web pages on the server. The data is then downloaded to your browser. These can be static pages or pages that are built dynamically in real time.
3.6 Camera/webcam
A webcam provides video capture. A webcam can be an external device or it can be built in. Most modern laptops have a webcam built into the laptop. Standalone webcams can be connected via USB or 802.11 wireless. Webcams allow us to do video conferencing with other people. Webcams usually include both video and audio input. Specialized drivers and software most likely needed
match the DVD standard to capacity A. DVD-9 B. DVD-18 C. DVD-5 D. DVD-10 1. 4.7 2. 17.1 3. 9.4 4. 8.5
A. 4 B. 2 C. 1. D. 3
Match each expansion slot with the correct description A. PCIe x16 B. PCI C. PCIe x1 D. PCI-X 1. This expansion slot is a mid level expansion option. This can also be used in a PCIe x16, however, it will utilize the entire slot. This is the only serial expansion slot, capable of connecting extremely powerful expansion cards. 2. This is ONLY used on specialized types of servers. This slot is used for low power/low demand expansion cards. 3 This slot is used for low power/low demand expansion cards.. This expansion slot is a mid level expansion option. This can also be used in a PCIe x16, however, it will utilize the entire slot. 4. This is the only serial expansion slot, capable of connecting extremely powerful expansion cards.
A. 4 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2
Match each letter with the appropriate CPU. A. T B. B C. H D. H2 E. H3 F. R 1. 1156 2. 1150 3. 1155 4. 775 5. 1366 6. 2011
A. 4 B. 5 C. 1 D. 3 E. 2. F. 6
What directly powers the CPU voltage regulator? A. 4 pin ATX B. 4 pin Molex C. 4 pin Berg D. 4 pin ITX
A. 4 pin ATX
Match each video display standard with its Resolution and Aspect Ratio A. WXGA (Widescreen XGA) B. SXGA (Super XGA) C. HD D. WSXGA E. HD+ F. Full HD G. QHD (Quad HD) H. 4K UHD (Ultra HD) 1. 1440x900 (16:10) 2. 1600x900 (16:9) 3. 1280x1024 (5:4) 4. 3840x2160 (16:9) 5. 1280x800 (16:10) 6. 1366x768 (16:9) 7. 2560x1440 (16:9) 8. 1920x1080 (16:9)
A. 5 B. 3 C. 6 D. 1 E. 2 F. 8 G. 7 H. 4
_____ cases are usually used for PC servers. A. Full tower B. Mid tower C. Mini tower D. Slimline
A. Full tower
Which of the devices listed can carry potentially dangerous levels of power? A. Inverter card B. PCIe card C. CPU D. CMOS Battery
A. Inverter card
If my computer gets stolen what can i use to track it? A. LoJack B. MoJack C. FoJack D. LoMack
A. LoJack
A piece of office equipment that performs the functions of a number of other specialized devices. A. MFD B. MDF C. FMD D. DMF
A. MFD
A network device that links dissimilar networks and can support multiple alternate paths between locations based upon the parameters of speed, traffic, loads, and cost. A. Router B. Switch C. Layer 2 Switch D. Layer 2 Router
A. Router
Which component is a Hot swappable interface A. SATA B. PATA C. IDE
A. SATA
What chip reports the configuration of memory module installed in a particular slot on the motherboard? A. SPD B. PDS C. DPS D. DSP
A. SPD
Which of the following is an advantage of using DHCP for network addressing? A. Simplified configuration. B. More addresses are available C. Faster connection speeds D. Lower latency times
A. Simplified configuration
A user needs to be able to access the central employee data repository to run reports, but does not need access to any local applications used to create, edit, and manage the employee data. The employee data is managed on a server that can be accessed with a log in. What type of client is best in this case? A. Thin client B. Virtualization workstation C. Thick client D. Graphics workstation
A. Thin client
You want to upgrade a workstation by adding a USB 3.0 card, and upgrading the video card, sound card, and NIC. Which of the following upgrades would MOST likely require upgrading the power supply? A. Video card B. USB 3.0 card C. Sound card D. Network card
A. Video Card
What type of network spans multiple geographic locations? A. WAN B. MAN C. PAN D. CAN
A. WAN
If you experience an error such as "BCD missing" when booting the computer, what action could you take? A. bootrec /rebuildbcd B. bootrec /fixmbr C. bootrec /takebcd
A. bootrec /rebuildbcd
What is the purpose of MIDI? A. connect Musical Instrument B. connect headphones C. connect Video D. Who cares
A. connect Musical Instrument
What command prompt command can i use to check the drive's partition structure? A. diskpart B. dskpt C. dskpart D. diskparty
A. diskpart
Used in UNIX and Linux, log files that allow for centralized collection of events from multiple sources. A. syslog B. serverlog C. eventlog D. sysprep
A. syslog
Match the Wireless security feature to its type A. WEP B. WPA C. WPA2 1. Advanced Encryption Standard 2. 64-bit or 128-bit key 3. TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity protocol)
A.2 B. 3 C. 1
You suspect that an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is malfunctioning. You need to test the output from the UPS using a multimeter. Which multimeter setting should you use?
AC Voltage
DSL Modem (Connection)
ADSL—Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Uses telephone lines. Download speed is faster than upload speed. 10,000 foot limitation from the central office 52 Mbit/s down and 16 Mbit/s Up
TCP 548
AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) File transfer services for macs
3.5 AMD and Intel Compatibility
AMD CPUs tend to be a little less expensive than Intel CPUs. Intel has a bigger scope of CPUs for laptops. Intel has an LGA 1151 socket. The LGA 1151 socket is a mainstream socket for middle of the road systems. There is also an LGA 2266. These are higher end CPUs. The numbers 1151 and 2266 indicate how many pins are on the CPU socket. AMD uses AM4 socket. It's similar to Intel's LGA 1151 in terms of it being used for mainstream middle of the road systems. AMD also uses TR4. TR4 is used for enthusiasts and high end workstations.
AMD-V
AMD's set of extensions to support hardware virtualization.
Which wireless technology is used for connecting to other devices and accessories?
ANT+
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: APIPA/link local address
APIPA addreses are 169.254.1.0 through 169.254.254.255. When your computer picks an APIPA address it uses ARP (address resolution protocol) to confirm the address isn't currently in use by any other device on your network. If no one responds to the ARP, the computer gets assigned that IP address. See if you can ping the default gateway. If that's successful ping the WAN port on your router. Renew your DHCP address in the router's configuration.
Ethernet over power
Also called power-line communications. Allows ethernet communication via electrical wiring.
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol
AHCI
Advanced Host Controller Interface
APM
Advanced Power Management
ATA
Advanced Technology Attachment
ATAPI
Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface
ATX
Advanced Technology Extended
LCD (liquid crystal display)
Advantages: Lightweight, relatively low power, relatively inexpensive Disadvantages: Black levels are a challenge. Requires a separate backlight, which is difficult to replace
OLED (organic light-emitting diode)
Advantages: Thinner and lighter. Backlight provided by the organic compound. Disadvantages: Organic materials decay over time. Decayed images can remain on the screen. More costly and power hungry than LED
3.11 Inkjet Printer Maintenance: Calibrate
After replacing an ink cartridge you may want to perform a test print and perform calibration if necessary. Make sure all of the colors are printing properly and are aligned. If there misalignments or color bleeds, you can perform a calibration. The printer will provide an option to perform a calibration, and while guide you through making minor adjustments as needed.
SCP (Secure Copy Protocol)
Allows files to be copied securely between two systems. Uses Secure Shell (SSH) technology to provide encryption services.
Keyboard-Video-Mouse (KVM) Switch
Allows multiple computers (typically servers) to be controlled via a single keyboard, mouse, & monitor.
AC
Alternating Current
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
An Application-layer protocol used to exchange information between network devices. UDP 161 (V1=ORIGINAL-IN CLEAR, V2=BULK TRANSFERS-IN CLEAR, V3=MSG INTEGRITY, AUTHENTICATION, ENCRYPTION
4.2 Emulator Requirements
An emulator is different from virtualization. Emulation allows you to run software that normally you might not be able to. An emulation is one device running processes designed for a different architecture. For example, running a Mac application on a Windows machine. An emulator allows one device to pretend to be a different type of device. Original code is used but you're running software that emulates that code on a brand new system. Emulation is slower than running the application on the hardware it was designed for. Emulators generally require more processing power and RAM than a hypervisor requires for a virtual machine. Operating systems and applications generally run slower on an emulator vs how they would run on the original hardware due to the translation and redirection of commands from within the emulator to the underlying computer.
Expansion Bus
An external bus, or _________ allows additional components to be connected to the computer.
5.2 Troubleshoot No Power
An indication of no power is if you press the computer power button and you see no lights or any activity. You'll need to check if there is power from the power source, such as the wall outlet that your computer is plugged into? Check if there is power coming from the power supply. Use your multimeter to test the AC power fron the outlet and the DC power coming from the power supply in the inside of your computer.
3.11 Inkjet Printer: Ink Cartridge
An ink cartridge places drops of ink onto a paper. The ink is pulled form a set of colored cartridges. Color inkjet printers usually have 4 color cartridges: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black (CMYK). The printer combines the colors to make colors other than cyan, magenta, yellow, and black.
Local Bus
An internal bus, or _________ connects core components such as the CPU, memory, and the system controllers.
AFP (Apple Filing Protocol)
An outdated file access protocol used by early editions of the Mac operating system by Apple and is one protocol in the suite of AppleTalk networking protocols. TCP/548
4.1 Virtual/Cloud Based Applications for laptops/desktops
Application streaming for laptops/desktops means that there is no complex deployment process. Apps are only streamed if they are used. New applications are simply added to the cloud offering. Administrators can quickly manage and make changes to the applications.
4.1 Virtual/Cloud Based Applications for Cell Phones/Tablets
Application streaming on cell phones and tablets allow you to run an app, or portion of an app, in real-time. You can use an app as if it were installed on your system.
ADSL
Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Which of the following is *not* a system requirement for running Microsoft Hyper-V?
At least 8GB of physical memory
A/V
Audio Video
3.5 Sound cards
Audio expansion cards are good to have if you're integrating a set top box or media server on to existing sound system. Sound cards can provide functionality for analog and digital Sound cards can provide more robust sound or advanced features.
What is the pin layout of an EIA/TIA 568 B Standard? A 1 - Green w/stripe 2 - Green 3 - Orange w/stripe 4 - Blue 5 - Blue w/stripe 6 - Orange 7 - Brown w/stripe 8 - Brown B 1 - Orange w/stripe 2 - Orange 3 - Green w/stripe 4 - Blue 5 - Blue w/stripe 6 - Green 7 - Brown w/stripe 8 - Brown C 1 - Brown 2 - Brown w/stripe 3 - Orange 4 - Blue w/stripe 5 - Blue 6 - Orange w/stripe 7 - Green 8 - Green w/stripe
B 1 - Orange w/stripe 2 - Orange 3 - Green w/stripe 4 - Blue 5 - Blue w/stripe 6 - Green 7 - Brown w/stripe 8 - Brown
If a power wire is yellow what is the voltage? A. +5 V B. +12 V C. -12 V D. +3.3 V E. +5 V Standby
B. +12 V
Thunderbolt version 1 supports speeds up to what? A. 5 Gbps B. 10 Gbps C. 15 Gbps D. 20 Gbps
B. 10 Gbps
What network does the Host IP address 10.32.29.24/19 reside on? A. Can't determine base on information given B. 10.32.0.0 C. 10.32.32.0 D. 10.29.0.0
B. 10.32.0.0
With a RAID 10 how much storage would I have available if I used 4 drives each with 10 GB space. A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40
B. 20
What is the subnetmask for a /13 network? A. 255.255.0.0 B. 255.248.0.0 C. 255.192.0.0 D. 255.260.0.0
B. 255.248.0.0
What is the transfer rate of SATA 2.0? A. 1.5Gbps B. 3.0Gbps C. 6.0Gbps D. 16Gbps
B. 3.0Gbps
A user wants to implement a wireless router that will have the fastest data speeds and operate over the 5GHz frequency. Which of the following standards should the user select? A. 802.11a B. 802.11ac C. 802.11g D. 802.11n
B. 802.11ac
Android smartphone are typically different from other smartphone devices in that: A. Android devices use apps that are more secure than other devices. B. Android devices use open source operating systems. C. Android devices can only operate with a proprietary operating system. D. Android devices can receive apps from different sources.
B. Android devices use open source operating systems.
Which of the following is not a term describing the firmware embedded onto a standard motherboard? A. BIOS (Basic Input Output System) B. CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) C. UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)
B. CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)
What causes a fuse to blow? A. Excess volts B. Excess current C. Excess power D. no power
B. Excess current
When someone refers to AAA security and needs a device that performs the first A what type of device are we talking about? A. Video camera B. Fingerprint scanner C. Keylock D. Emergency lights
B. Fingerprint scanner
What is the term used for being able to remove a drive while power is applied? A. Hot spare B. Hot swappable C. Cold spare D. Cold swappable
B. Hot swappable
A user's computer was recently installed with a new optical drive. The user now reports a "chassis" error message after the POST sequence. What might be the cause? A. BitLocker enabled in the BIOS B. Intrusion detection is enabled in the BIOS C. LoJack enabled in the BIOS D. Supervisor password enabled in the BIOS
B. Intrusion detection is enabled in the BIOS
___ cases are used for high-end user PCs. A. Full tower B. Mid tower C. Mini tower D. Slimline
B. Mid tower
What connector is used with 4-pair twisted cables and connect NICs? A. RJ-11 B. Registered Jack-45 C. Ethernet D. UTP
B. Registered Jack-45
A tool that you can send an invitation as a file, via email, or using Easy Connect that will allow the other person to provide a service if you are stuck and need help and that person can access your computer. A. Remote desktop B. Remote assistance C. Remote services D. Remote VPN
B. Remote assistance
A high-quality audio port that uses coax cabling with RCA connectors or fiber optic cabling and connectors. A. SATA B. S/PDIF C. RCA D. Fiber
B. S/PDIF
Which of the following protocols would be used for file sharing between MAC OS and Windows OS workstations on a LAN? A. IMAP B. SMB C. SSH D. RDP
B. SMB
Which of the following Internet connection types is known to have a significantly higher latency than the others? A. Cable B. Satellite C. DSL D. Fiber
B. Satellite
Which of the following BEST reason for replacing a hub with a switch? A. The hub did not provide PoE B. The hub had too many collisions C. The hub was out of ports D. The hub had a bad port
B. The hub had too many collisions
A type of printer that uses a print head to fuse or transfer wax-based ink onto paper or selectively heats specially treated paper to form the image. A. thermal paper B. thermal printer C. thermal shock D. thermal wax
B. Thermal printer
You tasked with finding and labeling where a network connection terminates in a patch panel. Which of the following tools would be BEST for you to use? A. Ethernet cable tester B. Tone generator and probe C. RJ-45 loopback plug D. Patch panel punchdown tool
B. Tone generator and probe
You are required to implement a WiFi hot-spot for the public. Which of the following should be used for secure access? A. WEP and TKIP B. WPA2 and AES C. WPA and static IPs D. WPA2 and MAC filtering
B. WPA2 and AES
Technology that enables two mobile devices to connect to each other without a wireless access point. A. WAN B. Wi-Fi Direct C. Tethering D. VLAN
B. Wi-Fi Direct
You are tasked with replacing all the APs in an office building to greater speeds. The current location of APs allowed for total coverge of WiFi throughout the office. Which of the following 802.11 standards should be used? A. a B. ac C. b D. g E. n
B. ac
What command line tool will attempt repair of the boot sector. A. bootrec /fixmbr B. bootrec /fixboot C. bootrec /rebuildbcd
B. bootrec /fixboot
You are tasked to install a new client machine. You notice the machine is not getting any network connectivity. You test the network cable between the PC and the network jack and confirm it is good. You go to the network closet and find several network cables not connected to the switch. Which of the following tools would you use to determine which cable goes back to the correct network jack? A. loopback plug B. toner probe C. WiFi analyzer D. Punchdown tool
B. toner probe
Which of the following drives can read CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs, and record a new Blu-ray optical disc one?
BD-R
Which of the following optical disc types is intended for high-density storage of high-definition video as well as data storage?
BD-RE
DDR2 SDRAM
BUS CLOCK(MHz)266-400 DATA RATE(MT/s) 533-800 VOLTAGE(V)1.8
DDR3
BUS CLOCK(MHz)533-800 DATA RATE(MT/s)1066-1600 VOLTAGE(V)1.35/1.5
5.2 Troubleshoot Attempts to boot to Incorrect Device
BIOS has been set to a wrong boot order. Your computer may attempt to boot to an incorrect device. For example, your BIOS is supposed to boot from a hard drive, but instead it's trying to boot from a DVD ROM drive. Check the BIOS configuration to see what the boot order is currently set to. Devices at the top of the list will be booted to first. Confirm that the startup device has a valid operating system. Also check to see if there is media in a startup device. For example, you may have accidentally left a DVD in the DVD ROM drive. If your boot order was set to boot to the DVD ROM then the computer will drive to boot to the DVD left in the DVD ROM drive. Once you remove the DVD, the BIOS will skip the DVD ROM and boot from the secondary boot device, which may be the hard drive where the operating system is actually located.
5.2 Troubleshoot Proprietary Crash Screens (BSOD/pin wheel)
BSOD stands for Blue Screen of Death. This is a Windows stop screen that tells you an error has occurred that it was unable to recover from. It's called a Blue Screen of Death because you must restart the system in order to get everything going functioning again. The BSOD contains important information for troubleshooting. This information is also written to the event log in Windows. For Mac OS, the equivalent to a BSOD is a spinning pin wheel. This is called the macOS X Spinning Wait Cursor. It functions as feedback to let the user know that something is happening. Sometimes the spinning pin wheel goes away and you can regain control of your operating system. But sometimes he spinning pin wheel never stops and you must reboot. Some possible reasons for an endless spinning pin wheel is an application bug, bad hardware, or slow paging to disk. Check the console logs to determine why the spinning pin wheel occurred.
SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory)
BUS CLOCK(MHz)100-166 DATA RATE(MT/s) 100-166 VOLTAGE(V) 3.3
DDR SDRAM
BUS CLOCK(MHz)133-200 DATA RATE(MT/s)266-400 VOLTAGE(V)2.5/2.6
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Extremely short battery life
Bad reception can drain the battery since it's always trying to search for a signal. If you're in a bad reception spot, you can try to spare the battery life by putting your mobile device in Airplane mode. Features such as 802.11 wireless, Bluetooth, and GPS can also be battery drainers. You may want to disable these features when not in use to preserve your battery life. Manufacturers of mobile devices may also offer stats on the battery usage. On both an Android and Apple iOS device, you can go to Settings > Battery to view things like which application is consuming the most battery life. Mobile device batteries can only handle a finite number of recharges, and eventually will need to be replaced.
3.6 Barcode scanner/QR scanner
Barcode or QR code readers connect to your computer generally via serial or USB connectors. It may also connect via 802.11 wireless. Smart phones may also have the capability of reading barcodes and QR codes using it's built in camera.
Which input device is used to read a group of thick and thin lines printed on various products?
Barcode reader
You need to ensure that the GSM and 3g phone information for your Android phone is updated. Which type of update would you perform?
Baseband update
A manager in your company has read about the memory effect and notebook computers. You are explaining to him how the memory effect works. Which component is affected by memory effect?
Battery
BNC
Bayonet-Neill-Concelman
Thermal Printer Maintenance (Removing Debris)
Blow it out, or wipe it out with a damp cloth. Do NOT use a vacuum.
BD-R
Blu-ray Disc Recordable
BD-RE
Blu-ray Disc Recordable Erasable
BD-RE
Blu-ray Disc Rewritable
BD-R
Blu-ray Disk Recordable
BSOD
Blue Screen of Death
Which of the following stops all processes and shuts the system down without warning?
Blue Screen of Death (BSOD)
Game pads are often connected to a laptop or desktop by which method?
Bluetooth
Which bluetooth version introduced Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology?
Bluetooth 4.x
BNC
British Naval Connector / Bayonet Niell-Concelman is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable
Which of the following resources is available in a standard format that allows and promotes use from a wide variety of client platforms?
Broad network access
Cable Modem (Connection)
Broadband DOCSIS—Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification High-Speed Networking 4-250 Mbits/s Gigabit speeds possible Supports multiple services, such as data and voice
Cable Modem (Device)
Broadband. Allows for transmission across multiple frequencies, including different traffic types. Provides high-speed networking, including up to gigabit speeds. Can provide multiple services, such as data and voice.
Which part of optical fiber strengthens and protects the fiber itself but does not affect its optical properties?
Buffer
laser printing step 1: processing
Build the entire page in memory
An electrical pathway on the motherboard or through cabling that carries the signals is referred to as a _____
Bus
If a power wire is colored Blue what is the voltage? A. +5 V B. +12 V C. -12 V D. +3.3 V E. Ground
C. -12 V
What is the broadcast address of 123.123.123.123/24 A. 123.255.255.255 B. 123.123.255.255 C. 123.123.123.255 D. 255.255.255.255
C. 123.123.123.255
Which of the following is a public IP address? A. 10.45.x.x B. 169.254.x.x C. .173.16.x.x D. 192.168.x.x
C. 173.16.x.x
What is the minimum number of disk required for a RAID 0? A. 0 B. 4 C. 2 D. 3
C. 2
Thunderbolt version 2 supports speeds up to what? A. 5 Gbps B. 10 Gbps C. 15 Gbps D. 20 Gbps
C. 20 Gbps
A standard BD has a capacity of ____ GB per layer. A. 15 B. 20 C. 25 D. 30
C. 25
How many pins in a HDMI Type B connector? A. 30 B. 31 C. 29 D. 28
C. 29
How many pins on a SATA connector? A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 9
C. 7
Which of the following is NOT a description of an Intel CPU? A. i7 B. Xeon C. 940 D. Sandybridge E. Pentium F. LGA
C. 940
You have 20 laptops in a room they all need to connect wirelessly to the network. What is the best choice? A. Switch B. Router C. Access point D. Hub
C. Access point
If the text DPI is to small what can you do to fix this? A. Change Font B. Change your glasses C. Change the size of text D. Throw your computer in the trash and upgrade
C. Change the size of text
You are trying to install Windows from the setup disc, but the computer will not boot from the CD. What should you do? A. Check BIOS for a password B. Check BIOS for USB enable devices C. Check BIOS for boot order D. Check BIOS for boot size (if it is 12 or larger order bigger boots)
C. Check BIOS for boot order
What class of fire extinguisher is meant for electrical fires? A. Class A B. Class B C. Class C D. Class D E. Class K
C. Class C
Which of the following does not support digital transmission. A. DVI-D B. DVI-I C. DVI-A
C. DVI-A
If i have been using a HDD drive a lot and it steadily takes longer and longer to to load applications what is one tool I can use. A. Device manager B. Performance monitor C. Disk defragmentation D. Disk fragmentation
C. Disk defragmentation
Components that are easily user-replaceable are referred to as ____. A. FRI B. FRO C. FRU D. FRY
C. FRU
Which of the following does NOT directly connect to the Northbridge chipset? A. PCIe x16 B. Random Access Memory (DIMM slots) C. HDD (Hard Drive) D. CPU (Processor)
C. HDD (Hard Drive)
Which of the following would need to be enabled on a mobile phone to share its Internet connection with multiple devices simultaneously? A. NFC B. Bluetooth C. Hotspot D. Tethering
C. Hotspot
What RAID require minimum 4 drives A. RAID 1 B. RAID 5 C. RAID 10 D. RAID 0
C. RAID 10
If i need to create a storage that offers performance as well a fault tolerance which RAID would I create? A. RAID 0 B. RAID 1 C. RAID 5
C. RAID 5
You run a cable for a new computer and the requirement is CAT6. What should you use when terminating the cable? A. BNC B. RJ-12 C. RJ-45 D. ST E. F-connector
C. RJ-45
What is not a part of the HDD? A. Platters B. Spindle C. ROM manager D. Actuator
C. ROM manager
A /30 network is usually used to connect what devices? A. Switches B. Bridges C. Routers D. Hubs
C. Routers
A type of system firmware providing support for 64-bit CPU operation at boot, full GUI and mouse operation at boot, and better boot security. A. BitLocker B. BIOS C. UEFI D. CMOS
C. UEFI
A machine receives an IP address starting with 169.254.x.x when which of the following occurs? A. When the machine is using IPv6 B. When the next IP range begins with 169.253 C. When the DHCP server does not respond D. When the operating system is Unix or Linux
C. When the DHCP server does not respond
What is a file format based on XML that describes one or more pages and how the information should appear on the page? A. XML B. HTTP C. XPS D. PDF
C. XPS
What command prompt tool can I use to see if a disk has errors? A. checkdisks B. bootreg C. chkdsk D. wmic
C. chkdsk
What device is considered passive cooling? A. Water cooler B. Heat shrink C. heat sink D. fan
C. heat sink
A printed circuit board, that houses the processor, chipset, memory, and expansion slots. (choose the incorrect answer) A. motherboard B. mobo C. motherbase D. system board E. main board
C. motherbase
What is used between a heat sink and CPU A. tooth paste B. water paste C. thermal paste D. thermal gel
C. thermal paste
A display screen combined with a digitizer that is responsive to touch input A. touchpad B. VR C. touchscreen D. traces
C. touchscreen
The command-line utility that is used to follow the route a packet of information takes to get to its target on a Linux machine. A. tracert B. ping C. traceroute D. ifconfig
C. traceroute
Maria, a technician, is troubleshooting an expansion card in a computer that allows the computer to receive faxes over a VoIP line. The line connected to the expansion card is *most* likely which of the following cable types?
CAT6
Which optical drive technology uses a 780 nm wavelength laser?
CD
Writing to Optical Media
CD-RW DVD-R/RW DVD-R DL BD-R BD-RE
4.2 Virtualization Resource Requirements
CPU Look for CPUs that support virtualization. For Intel, this would be those laced with Virtualization Technology (VT). For AMD, this is labeled as AMD-V. Memory You'll need to have a lot of memory to support multiple operating systems running simulataneously. You'll need to have in excess of what the host operating system requires. Disk Space Each virtualized guest operating system has it's own image so you'll need a lot of disk space to handle all of the separate systems. Network You can configure the network settings on each virtualized guest operating system. Common network configurations include configuring it as a standalone machine, performing NAT (network address translation) to your existing network, bridged to look like any other system on your local network, etc. On more advanced systems, you even create virtual switches and have separate VLANs for the virtual machines running on your desktop.
2.4 3G
Cellular networking technology that added more data functionality. Provided improved speeds (about several megabits per second). Bandwidth was also improved to allow for additional functionality such as GPS, mobile tv, video on demand, and video conferencing.
Which of the following allows a processor to execute instructions and to read and write data at a higher speed than the regular RAM?
Cache memory
Which of the following allows the processor to execute instructions and to read and write data at a higher speed than the regular RAM?
Cache memory
You are responsible for performing all routine maintenance on your company's thermal printers. Which of the following is NOT part of routine maintenance for these printers?
Calibrating the printer
You are responsible for performing routine maintenance on your company's laser printers. Which of the following routine maintenance does NOT require that you disconnect the laser printer from its power source?
Calibrating the printer
When the inkjet cartridge nozzles become misaligned to each other and to the paper, it is noticed that fuzzy lines or images stop before they should. Which of the following process will resolve the problem?
Calibration
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Ghost cursor/pointer drift
Can be caused when there are issues with the mousepad. To fix this issue, update your drivers. The updated drivers may be able to constantly check for any type of drifting and can then recalibrate the mousepad to prevent drifting from occurring. Another issue is if you're typing and your palm accidentally presses the touchpad, which makes the cursor move undesirably around on screen. This too may be fixed by updating your drivers. Updated drivers may allow the mousepad to better differentiate between your fingers actually moving the mouse versus accidental palm presses.
3.5 BIOS/UEFI Security Passwords
Can set an Administrator password and a user password. If an Administrator password is set, anytime someone tries to enter the BIOS System setup, it will prompt for the Administrator password. If a user password is set, that means anytime the computer boots up, even if not going into the BIOS System setup, the computer will prompt for that user password. This user password prompt occurs before the operating system loads. If the user password is not entered, the computer will not finish the boot up process.
A customer wants to transfer data from a DVR to a DVD. Which of the following should be used on the workstation in order to extract the data for archiving?
Capture card
Which twisted pair category is suitable for new Gigabit Ethernet installations, and short distance 10 Gigabit Ethernet networks?
Cat 6
You are setting up a new subnetwork on an existing network. Management has asked that you use existing cabling that the company has already purchased. However, you need to ensure that the cabling can be used on a 10BaseT network. What is the minimum category of UTP cable you can use?
Category 3
The primary hard drive in your Windows computer has failed. You purchase a new hard drive and install it in your computer. What should you do first?
Change the hard drive configuration settings in the computer's BIOS
2.4 Channels (1-11)
Channels are a grouping of frequencies which are assigned numbers. For example, Channel 1 is a 20 megahertz block of frequencies in the 2.4 GHz range, centered around 2412 megahertz. *Some channels overlap with eachother. For example, channel 1 and channel 2 in the 2.4 GHz range slightly overlap. *Choose channels that don't overlap, so choosing channel 1, channel 6, or channel 11 would be ideal to prevent overlap.
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Local Resources Unavailable
Check if correct share name? Required user name/password? Permissions? Correct homegroup/domain/workgroup? Folder/printer is actually shared? Folder or printer actually exists? Serving system is actually on? Computer is physically connected to serving system?
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Dim image
Check the brightness and contrast controls on the monitor.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Unable to decrypt email
Check the email configuration settings on your mobile device. For example, many businesses use Microsoft Outlook for their corporate email systems. With Outlook each user has a private key. You can't decrypt an email without the key. Usually private keys are installed on the mobile device via an MDM (Mobile Device Manager).
Inkjet Printer Maintenance (Cleaning Print Heads)
Clogged heads may be an issue, causing streaks or sections of missing color. Many printers automatically clean daily, but it can be started manually.
5.2 Troubleshoot System Lockups
Check the event log, but usually there won't be much in there when a computer experiences a lockup. While the lockup is occurring, check for any activity. See if any status lights are flickering, such as the hard drive lights or the activity lights on your network interface card. On Windows perform a Ctrl-Alt-Del to bring up the task manager. Update drivers and software patches. But if any changes recently occurred see if reversing a change fixes the behavior. Sometimes lockups occur because the system is low on resources like RAM and storage.
Laser Printer Maintenance (Cleaning)
Check the manufacturer's recommendations Use water, isopropyl alcohol Damp cloth on the exterior Wipe dust away on the interior, clean the rollers with IPA. Do NOT use vacuum cleaner or compressed air
Thermal Printer Maintenance (Cleaning the Heating Element)
Check the manufacturer's recommendations. Use liquid cleaner, isopropyl alcohol. Use a cleaning pen to swab gently. Use a cleaning card to clean the head, as well as paper pathways.
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Distorted image
Check the operating system refresh rate and resolution settings. These settings should match the display specifications. For the best possible quality match the operating system image display to match the display's native resolution. Check and replace the cable as needed. Hardware acceleration may also cause distorted images. Disable hardware acceleration which is an option within the graphics card configuration settings or within the driver itself.
Troubleshooting Printers (No Output)
Check the printer -run a test print Check connectivity -Print a test page from a computer -check direct connection -try across the network -check the OS, network, drivers, and spooler Check other applications -print from another program
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: GPS not functioning
Check the settings that enable GPS. Make sure that GPS capability is turned on. In Apple iOS devices this is done by going to Settings > Privacy > Location Services. In Android devices go to Settings > Location. Also check the configuration for location mode, which specifies how you're using GPS and how it interoperates with other location services. In Apple iOS devices this is done by going to Settings > Privacy > Location Services. In Android devices go to Settings > Location > Location mode. Make sure that you're in an area with a good view of the sky, so that there are no obstacles restricting your GPS antenna from talking to the satellites in space.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: No sound from speakers
Check the volume settings in both the app and phone settings. Bad software may be a possible cause you can try deleting the app and reloading. To troubleshoot, you can try headphones and see if you can hear anything with the headphones. If the sound starts but then stops, the issue may be that multiple apps are fighting for control of the sound. Try to keep one of the apps in the foreground to see if that stops the start and stopping of sounds. If you're getting no sound after trying a variety of things (alarm, music, video), try installing the latest software. If that doesn't work, you may need to factory reset your device to default settings.
You pass a paper through a printer but nothing gets printed and printer leaves the blank page. Which of the following is the *most* likely cause?
Clogged nozzle
A user is having trouble moving and opening icons with a finger on a tablet. A technician has checked the preferences and configured the speed and sensitivity, however, the problem remains. Which of the following actions should the technician advise the user to take?
Clean the screen
DDR4 SDRAM Speed Table
Clock speed/Bandwidth/DDR4 Speed Rating/PC Speed Rating 200 MHz/1600 MTs/DDR4-1600/PC4-12800 266 MHz/2133 MTs/DDR4-2133/PC4-17000 300 MHz/2400 MTs/DDR4-2400/PC4-19200 400 MHz/3200 MTs/DDR4-3200/PC4-25600
DDR SDRAM Speed Table
Clock speed/DDR Speed Rating/PC Speed Rating 100 Mhz/DDR-200/PC-1600 133 MHz/DDR-266/PC-2100 166 MHz/DDR-333/PC-2700 200 MHz/DDR-400/PC-3200 217 MHz/DDR-433/PC-3500 233 MHz/DDR-466/PC-3700 250 MHz/DDR-500/PC-4000 275 MHz/DDR-550/PC-4400 300 MHz/DDR-600/PC-4800
Resource Pooling
Cloud computing feature which enables the cloud services provider to service multiple customers to suit each customer's needs wo any changes made to one customer affecting any other customers
Which printer sharing method is accessible only when its host computer is powered on and connected to the network?
CloudUSB
A user has requested that you order a transfer belt for this department's printer. Which printer uses this component duri2ng the image transfer process?
Color laser printer
3.11 Laser Printer: Transfer belt and transfer roller
Color laser printers usually have 4 colors that they use to print: cyan, yellow, magenta, and black. So there may be 4 different toner cartridges inside of a laser printer. Instead of printing one color at a time to the paper, laser printers prints them onto a single transfer belt. The transfer belt then transfers all four of the colors to a single transfer roller which makes it onto the printed page.
COMx
Communication Port (x=Port Number)
CNR
Communications and Networking Riser
You work as an IT director for a company. Your company has various partners and you want to share common information with them using the cloud without compromising security. Which type of cloud model will you use?
Community
CD
Compact Disc
CDFS
Compact Disc File System
CD-ROM
Compact Disc Read-Only Memory. 700 MB capacity.
CD-ROM
Compact Disc-Read-Only Memory
CD-RW
Compact Disc-Rewritable
CMOS
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
CAPTCHA
Completely Automated Public Turing Test To Tell Computers and Humans Apart
CAPTCHA
Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart
CAD
Computer Aided Design
CERT
Computer Emergency Response Team
CGA
Computer Graphics and Applications
CAD
Computer-Aided Design
2.5 DNS Server Role
DNS converts names to IP addresses and vice versa.
Network Bridge
Connects different physical networks. Can connect different topologies, and helps get around network size limits. Wireless access points are an example of a bridge, because they connect wired ethernet to wireless. Forwarding decisions are made in software.
DDR2 SDRAM Speed Table
Core RAM Clock speed/DDR/I/O Speed/DDR2 Speed Rating/PC Speed Rating 100 MHz/200 MHz/DDR2-400/PC2-3200 133 MHz/266 MHz/DDR2-533/PC2-4200 166 MHz/333 MHz/DDR2-667/PC2-5300 200 MHz/400 MHz/DDR2-800/PC2-6400 266 MHz/533 MHz/DDR2-1066/PC2-8500
DDR3 SDRAM Speed Table
Core RAM Clock speed/DDR/I/O Speed/DDR3 Speed Rating/PC Speed Rating 100 MHz/400 MHz/DDR3-800/PC3-6400 133 MHz/533 MHz/DDR3-1066/PC3-8500 166 MHz/667 MHz/DDR3-1333/PC3-10667 200 MHz/800 MHz/DDR3-1600/PC3-12800 233 MHz/933 MHz/DDR3-1866/PC3-14900 266 MHz/1066 MHz/DDR3-2133/PC3-17000 300 MHz/1200 MHz/DDR3-2400/PC3-19200
Troubleshooting Printers (Multiple Failed Jobs in Logs)
Corrupted print jobs -The print spooler may have crashed. Most spooler configurations will automatically restart -problems are logged, so check the Windows Event Viewer, under Windows-PrintServices -One specific job may be causing the issue, so monitor the queue
DVD-ROM
Digital Versatile Disc Read-Only Memory. 4.7 GB for single-layer. 8.5 GB for dual-layer.
How many pins in a displayport connector? A. 21 pins B. 22 pins C. 25 pins D. 20 pins
D. 20 pins
How many pins are on a USB-C 3.1 connector? A. 4 B. 5 C. 9 D. 24
D. 24
You are configuring four 120 GB drives in a RAID 5 array. How much space will be available? A. 300 GB B. 400 GB C. 480 GB D. 360 GB
D. 360 GB
How many pins are used for analog signal on a DVI-A and DVI-I connector? A. 24 B. 20 C. 8 D. 4
D. 4
What is the minimum number of disks required to implement RAID 10 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
D. 4
What is the transfer rate of USB 2.0? A. 480MBps B. 5Gbps C. 1.5Gbps D. 480Mbps
D. 480Mbps
What type of imaging input device would be most useful for a Point-of-Sale (POS) system? A. CMOS scanner B. RFID scanner C. Fingerprint scanner D. Barcode scanner
D. Barcode scanner
Which media type allows you to write to an optical disc only once? A. CD-ROM B. DVD-RW C. CD+RW D. CD-R
D. CD-R
On older computers this stored the PC's basic configuration and any settings made via the system firmware setup program. A. CMOC B. SMOC battery C. CMOS battery D. CMOS
D. CMOS
Which of the following Internet connection types is a digital form that runs over standard telephone wiring? A. Fiber B. Dial-up C. Cable D. DSL
D. DSL
What is the term used to describe a pixel that is stuck in solid black? A. Burn-in B. Stuck C. Artifacts D. Dead
D. Dead
Most devices that connect over USB can be added or removed while the power is switched on, the term for this is? A. Hot Spare B. Cold Swappable C. Cold Spare D. Hot Swappable
D. Hot Swappable
Every device in the PC has its own set of unique memory addresses in an area called the ____ map. This is a means for the CPU to communicate with a device. A. IRQ B. driver C. connections D. I/O address
D. I/O address
What type of LCD panels on monitors produce better color reproduction at a wider range of viewing angles, but slightly worse response times? A. TFT B. TN C. CCFL D. IPS
D. IPS
_____ cases are usually used for office or home PCs where the requirements for additional internal devices and adapter cards is limited. A. Full tower B. Mid tower C. Slimline D. Mini tower
D. Mini tower
Which of the following is not the same as a RS-232 A. Communications port B. DB-9 C. Serial Port D. Parallel Port
D. Parallel Port
Before you make any system configurations as part of troubleshooting what should you do first? A. Power down the PC B. Unplug the PC C. Call Herb D. Perform backups
D. Perform backups
The term for a device that can be added to the computer and the operating system will detect the device automatically and prompt you to configure it using a hardware or device setup wizard. A. UTP B. PPn C. P2P D. PnP E. STP
D. PnP
The time taken for a pixel to change color, that can be measured in milliseconds (ms) A. Refresh rate B. resolution rate C. resistor rate D. response rate
D. Response rate
Memory that is half the size of DIMMs, are available in 32- or 64-bit data paths, and are commonly found in laptops and iMac systems. A. DDR DIMMs B. SDDR C. ADDR DIMMs D. SODIMM
D. SODIMM
_____ cases require low-profile adapter cards but can be oriented horizontally or vertically. A. Full tower B. Mid tower C. Mini tower D. Slimline
D. Slimline
An IP address consists of a Network ID and a HOST ID. This is used to distinguish these two components within a single IP address. A. Network ID B. Broadcast ID C. Host ID D. Subnet mask
D. Subnet mask
Jamie has to upgrade a desktop using old RAM in a storage room. The motherboard she is upgrading has 8 DIMM slots. There are already 4 modules of 2GB DDR3-1333 installed. She installs one module of DDR3-2400, one module of PC3-800, and one module of PC3-1600. Which of the following is true regarding the performance of this PC? A. Most of the RAM is DDR3-1333, so the system will be close to 1333 Mhz refresh on the DIMM modules. B. The system will not function as the PC3 RAM is not compatible C. The entire system will run faster based on the pure increase in volume of RAM D. The entire DIMM bank will be throttled to 100 MHz
D. The entire DIMM bank will be throttled to 100 MHz
What is the weakest form of security encryption on wireless networks? A. PEW B. WPA C. WPA2 D. WEP
D. WEP
What is the term for a socket that requires no pressure on the CPU to install? A. WIA B. FIZ C. MIA D. ZIF
D. ZIF
What does CMOS stand for? A. Computerized metal-oxide semiconductor B. complementary metal-oxygen semiconductor C. complementary metal-oxide semicomputer D. complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
D. complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
____ is a security system offered by UEFI. It is designed to prevent a computer from being hijacked by malware. A. boot secure B. bitLocker C. lojack D. secure boot
D. secure boot
What type of power jack can be found on a laptop case?
DC
UDP 67/68
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Automatic IP addressing
DLP
Data loss prevention. A network-based DLP system can examine and analyze network traffic. It can detect if confidential company data or any PII data is included in email and reduce the risk of internal users emailing sensitive data outside the organization. End-point DLP systems can prevent users from copying or printing sensitive data.
DoS
Denial of service
Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR)
Detects the location of a fault in a fiber cable by sending light down the fiber-optic cable and measuring the time required for the light to bounce back from the cable fault. The OTDM can then mathematically calculate the location of the fault.
Susan needs to replace the CPU in her laptop computer. She has asked you for recommendations. What would you recommend she do before she begins the process?
Determine which processors the BIOS will support using the documentation
In the laser printing process, at which stage does the drum pass by an evolving roller covered in toner?
Developing
2.2 Patch Panel
Device consisting of punch down block and RJ-45 connectors to which cables running through the walls from the hosts are connected. Shorter patch cables connect the patch panel to the switch or hub.
DLP (2)
Digital Light Processing Data Loss Prevention
DLP
Digital Light Processing or Data Loss Prevention
DLT
Digital Linear Tape
DRM
Digital Rights Management
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line
DC
Direct Current
DMA
Direct Memory Access
Jennifer prints a document by using a laser printer. She finds that the printed paper has a series of black spots at regular interval.s What is the *most* likely cause of the issue?
Dirty fuser roller
DAC
Discretionary Access Control
DDR
Double Data Rate
DDR2
Double Data Rate 2 RAM. Twice as fast as DDR RAM. No backwards compatibility with DDR slots.
DDR3
Double Data Rate 3 RAM. Twice as fast as DDR2. Maximum 16GB per DIMM. No backwards compatibility.
DDR4
Double Data Rate 4 RAM. Speed increase over DDR3. Maximum 64GB per DIMM. No backwards compatibility.
DDR RAM
Double Data Rate Random Access Memory
3.10 Configuration Settings for SOHO Multifunction Devices: Duplex.
Duplex means that the printer will print on both ides often page without the user having to manually flip the paper over. Duplex may not be a function of all printers, because it requires special hardware to do the auto page flipping.
3.11 Inkjet Printer: Duplexing Assembly
Duplexing allows you to automatically print on both sides of the paper. If your printer allows for duplexing then there will be hardware in your computer that flips the paper over so that the printer can print on the backside of the page. Not all printers include a duplexing feature.
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DRAM
Dynamic Random Access Memory
DRAM
Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). DRAM is the memory on the DIMM. Dynamic—needs to be constantly refreshed or the data disappears. Random access—any storage location can be accessed.
EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
Expansion Slot
Enables you to install plug-in adapter cards in a computer to extend the range of functions it can perform.
EFS
Encrypting File System
EULA
End User License Agreement
EIDE
Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics
EPP
Enhanced Parallel Port
Your company has a wireless network for its small office network. The wireless network does not broadcast its service set identifier (SSID). You configure a user's Windows Vista computer to connect to the wireless network by manually setting the SSID. You need to ensure that the user's computer does not send probe requests to discover if the wireless network is in range. What should you do?
Ensure the Connect even if the network is not broadcasting option on the Connections tab of the wireless connection is cleared.
1.7 Software Requirements to install Synchronization Applications on the PC
Ensure your device meets all the requirements of the application such as operating system, disk space, memory, etc.
EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
ECC
Error Correcting Code
Which of the following cable types is used to connect a cable modem to a SOHO router?
Ethernet
EVGA
Extended Video Graphics Adapter/Array
eSATA
External Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
5.4 Troubleshoot Display Issues: Overheat shutdown
External graphics cards generate a lot of heat. If there is an issue with air flow, you may get BSOD or the system may shut down abruptly due to overheating. Make sure you have the most up to date video drivers. Also you may want to use utilities to monitor the temperature of the graphics card and the temperature of your entire computer to see where hot spots may be so that you can improve the cooling in that area.
3.6 External Storage Drives
External storage devices are used for storage that is outside of your computer and is often portable and removable. External storage devices are useful for moving large amounts of data from one computer to another. External storage drives are usually a USB flash drive, SSD, or hard drive. External storage devices have many different connectivity options such as USB, Thunderbolt, eSATA, etc. Because external storage devices are generally very portable, they also provide a security risk.
You need to assemble a new computer. You have an AMD Opteron processor. Which of the following CPU sockets will NOT support this?
FM1
3.11 Inkjet Printer: Roller
Feed rollers are used to pick up and feed paper through the printer. To operate properly, the rollers should remain clean and not worn down.
FAT
File Allocation Table
FTP
File Transfer Protocol
Firewalls
Filters traffic by port number. Can encrypt traffic into/out of the network. Can proxy traffic.
PC Servers
Full tower cases are usually used for these because they require the extra internal space for additional hard disks, adapter cards, and redundant power supply units.
3.11 Laser Printer: Duplexing Assembly
Generally, printers only print on one side of a paper. If you want to print on both sides of the page, your printer may have a duplexing assembly which will automatically flip the paper over once one side has been printed, and then send the paper back through so that the backside of the paper can be printed on. The duplexing assembly is the mechanisms by which the printer flips the page over automatically. The duplexing assembly can be built in to the printer. However, some printers allow you to add on a duplexing assembly if it was not originally included in the printer.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Garbled Characters on Paper
First thing to check is if you have a bad/wrong printer driver, and therefore the driver is sending the wrong information to the printer. Another causes of the garbled output is if you're using an incorrect page description language. You could be using the right printer driver, but telling the driver to use a page description language that is different from what the printer is expecting. The printer may be configured for PCL but the driver is sending PostScript, or vice versa. A bad application may be another cause for garbled output. Try changing settings within the application to see if you can result in the proper output. If you're not sure if the issue is with the application or the driver, print out a test page from the printer properties to determine if the driver inside of Windows is configured properly.
You are troubleshooting a problem with a laser printer where several pages of random dots are produced when you try to print a one-page document. You have verified that the proper print driver is installed and that the printer settings are correct. What component is the most likely cause of this problem?
Formatter board
FQDN
Fully Qualified Domain Name
You notice that the pages coming out of your laser printer have toner that you can brush off. Which printer component is MOST likely causing the problem?
Fuser assembly
GPT
GUID Partition Table
Which of the following devices require at least 8GB of RAM, high end multi-core CPU, and substantial cooling system?
Gaming computer
Troubleshooting Printers (Garbled Output)
Garbled characters on paper -Bad drivers -incorrect page description language -bad application
Which network infrastructure device enables the traffic to flow in and out of the network?
Gateway
Which technology supports data rates up to 84Mbps downstream and 22Mbps upstream using MIMO transmission?
HSPA+
Impact Printer Maintenance (Print Head Replacement)
Gets very hot, so let it cool off first. Look for a release lever or bar. Replace at the same time as the ribbon for best effect.
GPS
Global Positioning System
GSM
Global System for Mobile Communications
GUID
Globally Unique Identifier
Which type of computer uses a multicore CPU?
Graphic design workstation
GUI
Graphical User Interface
GDI
Graphics Device Interface
GDDR
Graphics Double Data Rate
GPU
Graphics Processing Unit
Which video interface can carry both video and audio information?
HDMI
DVI to HDMI
HDMI is backward compatible with DVI-D.
Which of the following protocols is considered stateless and uses TCP when communicating between a server and a client?
HTTP
TCP 80
HTTP (hypertext Transfer protocol) Transfer web-page from servers to browsers. not secure.
TCP 443
HTTPS (hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) HTTPS with an added layer of security protocols to encrypt web page data exchanged
What type of test do you perform on a laser printer to determine if a print issue is occurring before or after the fusing process?
Half-way test
HAL
Hardware Abstraction Layer
HAV
Hardware Assisted Virtualization
HCL
Hardware Compatibility List
Small Form Factor (SFF)
Has a case design that is semi-portable and space-saving.
4.1 Off-Site Email Applications
Having your own email application would be hard to maintain. It requires expensive hardware and you have to also pay for storage. You'll need a trained support team, and it will require ongoing backup and maintenance. Therefore, off-site cloud based email applications are popular. With cloud based email applications, you don't need to purchase your own hardware and set up your own servers or maintain the software. Instead you usually just pay a flat cost per user per month. Some personal email services don't even have a cost associated. Common off -site email applications include Microsoft Office 365, and Google Mail (gmail).
Which of the following is the *most* common device used to cool a CPU?
Heat Sink
3.11 Laser Printing: Fusing
Heat and pressure are applied to melt the toner onto the paper to permanently fasten it to the paper. You may notice that when you pull a freshly printed paper out of a laser printer, the paper will be warm. That is due to this fusing process.
Your network has several inkjet printers in use. A user is complaining that their documents are consistently printing with extra smudges along the lines of print on one of them. What steps would you take to clean the printer?
Here are some example steps to take to clean an inkjet printer. The process for starting the cleaning cycle on inkjet printers have both quick and deep clean cycles. Always check your documentation for steps specific to your printer. 1. Power on the printer, and open the top cover to expose the area containing the print cartridges. 2. Initiate a self-cleaning cycle. 3. When the print head moves from the resting place, pull the AC power plug. 4. Locate the sponge pads on which to apply the cleaning solution. 5. Using the appropriate syringe, apply the cleaning solution to the sponge pads until they are saturated. 6. Plug the printer back into the wall and turn it on. The print heads will park themselves. 7. Turn off the printer. Let the solution sit for at least three hours. 8. Power the printer back on and run three printer cleaning cycles. Print a nozzle check pattern (or a test page) after each cleaning cycle to monitor the cleaning process.
You have been asked to remove a dual in-line memory module and insert one with a larger capacity in it's place. Describe the process in doing so.
Here's how to remove a DIMM and replace it with another one: 1. Pull the tabs on the end of the DIMM away from the DIMM. 2. Pull the loose DIMM straight out of the slot away from the motherboard. 3. Ensure that the locking tabs are completely opened and out of the way of the slot. 4. Align the module's notch with the tab or tabs in the slot. 5. Insert the new DIMM straight-down into the slot. 6. Apply firm and even pressure downward until the locking tabs automatically snap into place. 7. Nudge the tabs inward toward the module to make sure they are tight.
What error occurs when you replace a hard drive, optical drive, or other component with a similar component while the computer or device remains in operation?
Hot swap
LVD
Low Voltage Differential
Which of the following factors should be considered while selecting a power supply?
High efficiency rate
HDCP
High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection
HDMI Cable
High-Definition Multimedia Interface. Provides video & audio via a digital stream. No analog. ~20 meters before signal degradation
Which of these is *not* a component of a home theater computer?
High-end video GPU
Thunderbolt Cable
High-speed serial connector, based off the Mini DisplayPort (MDP) standard. Maximum 3 meters (copper), 60 meters (optical), daisy-chain up to 6 devices. Thunderbolt v1 -2 channels -10 Gbit/s per channel -20 Gbit/s total throughput -Mini DisplayPort connector Thunderbolt v2 -20 Gbit/s aggregated channels -Mini DisplayPort connector Thunderbolt v3 -40 Gbit/s aggregated throughput -USB-C connector
HTPC
Home Theater PC
Which of the following custom configurations needs to support media streaming?
Home server PC
Which o the following custom configurations has a chassis with the smallest dimensions?
Home theatre PC
HIPS
Host Intrusion Prevention System
A Wi-Fi connection often found in public areas that is usually access by logging on through a browser is also known as what?
Hotspot
Smith, a network administrator, is having an issue of loss in signal strength after a certain point in the company's local network infrastructure. There are more than one devices to which the same signal needs to be transmitted. Which of the following devices should the network administrator most likely use to resolve the problem?
Hub
Which networking device lets you connect multiple nodes in a star configuration?
Hub
Which of the following helps you track your stolen phone?
IMEI
2.6 IPv4 vs IPv6
IPv4: *32 bit addressing scheme to provide for more than 4 billion unique addresses *Loopback address: 127.0.0.1 *Private ranges: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 *Autoconfigured addresses: 169.254.0.0 IPv6: *128 bit addressing scheme to provide for 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 unique addresses. *Loopback address: 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 (::1) *Private ranges: FEC0:: (proposed) *Autoconfigured addresses: FE80::
UDP 161
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Managing and monitoring deces on the network
4.1 Cloud Model: IaaS
IaaS stands for Infrastructure as a Service. This is also sometimes called Hardware as a Service (HaaS). This model allows you to outsource your hardware equipment. However, you're still responsible for the management and security of the applications that run on the hardware. Web server providers are a common example of IaaS.
3.10 Configure Wired Device Sharing: USB
If you're connecting a multifunction printer to the network, you'll most likely be using a USB wired connection, which is the most common connector. USB Type B will most commonly be used to connect the wire into the printer. On the other end will be a Type A USB connector that plugs into the computer.
5.2 Troubleshoot Blank Screen on Bootup
If you power on your computer and the screen remains blank, you may have a video problem. If the POST (Power on Self Test) determines that you have a video issue it may issue beeps. Listen to the beeps and refer to the BIOS documentation to reference what the beeps mean. You may need to change out a bad video card. If there are multiple video options on your system, you may want to check the BIOS configuration to make sure none have been accidentally disabled.
3.10 Configuration Settings for SOHO Multifunction Devices: Collate
If you want to print 3 copies of a 4 page document, a non collated job will print out the pages like this: 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4. A collated job will print out the pages like this: 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4 Collated copies make it easier to separate each copy once it is done printing.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: No power
If you're connected to an external power source, but you're not getting power to the laptop, check the power adapter brick with a mulitmeter to see if you're getting DC power out. You can also use the multimeter to check if you're getting power out of the AC wall outlet. The laptop may have also gotten hung up and may need to be reset. If there's no way to remove the battery from the laptop, do a hard reset by holding down the power button for 10 seconds, or there may be a set of keystrokes that initiate a hardware reset. Check your laptop documentation to determine the proper process for performing a reset.
3.10 Configure Wireless Device Sharing: Infrastructure vs ad hoc
If your printer connects to your wireless network using a wireless access point, this is called Infrastructure mode. In an Infrastructure mode, all of your devices will be connecting to an access point. The access point allows all of the devices to communicate with eachother. With ad hoc mode, an access point is not needed. A direct line is made between wireless devices. For example, you can directly connect your computer to your printer with an 802.11 connection without connecting to a wireless access point. Ad hoc doesn't need a WAP. Infrastructure typically uses one or more WAPs connected to a wired network segment
Laser Printer Components
Imaging drum -Image is painted onto the drum by the laser -it then picks up toner, and transfers the toner to the paper Fuser Assembly -Heat and pressure melts plastic toner powder to the paper Transfer Belt & Roller -CYMK -Image is transferred from all cartridges to the single belt, and then to a single transfer roller Pickup Rollers -picks up paper. -Issues if no paper is grabbed, or if multiple are grabbed at once -should be periodically cleaned or replaced Separation Pad -Pulls the top sheet from the paper tray -small and inexpensive, easy to clean or replace Duplexing Assembly -a mechanism that flips the page automatically, for two sided printing -can be built into the printer, or added on
5.2 Troubleshoot Log entries and error messages
In Windows, important logs are stored in: Event Viewer (centralized repository for logs pertaining to applications, security, operating system, and other components) Boot logs (logs created during the boot process. Boot logs are turned on inside of System Configuration. The logs are then stored at: C:\Windows\ntblog.txt For Linux, most logs including application and operating system logs, can be found at /var/log. For macOS X, you can find a consolidated view of logs in the Utilities folder, using the Console app. Error Messages The details of an error message are crucial to troubleshooting. If an error message occurs, write down everything it says or take a picture or video. If you don't know what the error message means, search the Internet to see if someone can provide clues.
I/O
Input/Output
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IDE
Integrated Drive Electronics
Which of the hardware components listed below would be the most difficult to replace on a laptop computer?
Integrated GPU
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network
Intel VT
Intel's Virtualization Technology. It includes extensions to support hardware virtualization.
ICR
Intelligent Character Recognition
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Low RF Signal
Interference from third party devices may cause low wireless RF signals. Another device may be using the same frequency. Things like Fluorescent lights, microwave ovens, cordless telephones, and other high power sources, like transformers and generators, are known to cause wireless interference. Check the signal strength from your access point. Check the transmitting signal, transmitting antenna, receceiving antenna, etc. Make sure you're on the same channel as your access point. Usually this is set automatically. But if you're setting the channels manually make sure the channel matches the access point. Check the location of the access point to see if you need to relocate it closer to the user to improve performance. Check the performance monitor in windows or a third party tool to map the signal strength over a period of time.
LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
5.2 Troubleshoot Intermittent Device Failure
Intermittent device failure may be caused by a bad adapter card installation. Check and reseat as necessary. Make sure to secure the adapter using all the screws so that it is not loose. Bad hardware can also cause intermittent device failure. Check the connections. Heat and vibration can cause issues.
Small Computer Systems Interface (SCSI)
Internal PC storage devices often use Parallel ATA (PATA)/Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics(EIDE) connections that support transfer rates up to about 133 MBps. Workstations and servers requiring MORE speed would use this bus instead. It could support up to 320 MBps data rates.
IMEI
International Mobile Equipment Identity
IMSI
International Mobile Subscriber Identity
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
According to the TCP/IP model, at which of the following layers is the routing of packets across multiple logical networks controlled?
Internet
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol
IIS
Internet Information Services
What does BIOS do when a Plug and Play card is installed?
It consults the chipset to determine which system resources are available for the card and then configures the new device.
A Cold Cathode Fluorescent Light (CCFL) along with an inverter results in which condition for an LCD display compared to an LED display?
It will be heavier
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Battery Not Charging
It's natural that batteries lose capacity over time. If you find that the battery isn't holding a charge at all, it could be a bad battery or the laptop charging hardware may be malfunctioning. Try charging the battery in an identical laptop to determine if it is the battery or laptop that is the issue.
JBOD
Just a Bunch Of Disks
3.6 KVM
KVM stands for Keyboard, Video, Mouse. A KVM allows you to use and control many computers with a single keyboard, video display, and mouse. You plug in a single keyboard, video display, and mouse into a KVM. Then plug in all the other computers you want to control. You can being controlling one computer with your keyboard, viddo display, and mouse then push a button or use a keystroke to switch to a different computer. This second system will then send it's keyboard, video display, and mouse signals to the same keyboard, video display, and mouse you were initially using.
Which I/O device allows you to share other USB peripheral devices among multiple computers?
KVM switch
Which of the following allows you to use one keyboard, mouse, and display device for multiple computers?
KVM switch
TCP 389
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access protocol) access and maintains directories of users and resources
A type of backlight technology most commonly used in modern laptop devices is called:
LED
Which of the following printers contains a duplexing assembly?
Laser
3.11 Laser Printer Maintenance: Clean
Laser printers can get dirty. There may be toner in the printer and paper scraps can be found on the inside and outside of the printer. The printer manufacturer will mostly likely provide recommendation for printer cleaning. This could be using water or isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to clean. Avoid using harsh chemicals. For the outside of the printer, you can use a damp cloth to wipe it clean of stray toner. On the inside of the printer, we can use the damp cloth to wipe away any paper dust or toner. Don't use a normal vacuum cleaner or compressed air inside of a laser printer, which could put toner particles into the air. If you get toner on yourself, you can wash it off yourself with cold water. To clean the rollers, IPA can be used to clean them.
5.2 Troubleshoot Indicator Lights
Link light on NIC or switch is steady on when NIC connected to another device. Off or flickering indicates connection problem. Activity light on NIC or switch turns on when card detects network traffic. No flicker when creating network traffic indicates a problem. Solid green light means connectivity, flashing green light means intermittent connectivity, no green light means no connectivity, flashing amber light means there are collision on the network. There may be another light to indicate the speed. Some motherboards will also have indicator lights that can provide information while the computer is booting. Other motherboards may also have numeric POST codes displayed on the motherboard. Power lights let you know if you're receiving power from the power supply.
LCD
Liquid Crystal Display
What is the most common battery type that can be found in modern portable devices?
Lithium-ion
LAN
Local Area Network. High speed connectivity via Ethernet or 802.11 wireless
LAN
Local Area Network; a geographic network that covers a relatively small geographic area such as a building or a small campus - no more than a mile distance between computers
LBA
Logical Block Addressing
USB 1.1
Low speed -1.5 megabits per second -3 meters Full speed -12 megabits per second -5 meters
Which of the following could cause both ink streaks on your printed output and a faded print output?
Low toner
LC
Lucent connector
Which network scope type is used to connect all or part of a city?
MAN
Which of the following is a small program that is read into memory and is executed after the BIOS bootup?
MBR
Which of the following is a standard protocol between music devices
MIDI
3.6 Magnetic Reader/Chip Reader
Magnetic and chip readers are common in retail environments as point of sale terminals. This is how you use a credit card or mobile device to make a payment. Point of sale terminals support different formats. Your credit card may have an integrated circuit in it. You then physically slide the credit card into the point of sale terminal. The point of sale reader then has a physical connection to the circuit in your credit card to obtain the information. Another format is magnetic strip. Your credit card will have a magnetic strip on the back. You can slide your card through the magnetic reader on the point of sale terminal. If the card reader is connected to a physical point of sale terminal, it is usually connected via USB.
MIDI
Musical instrument digital interface
3.10 Cloud printing/remote printing
Many modern printers support cloud printing which is being able to print to your printer from a mobile device wherever you are. From a mobile device you send your print job to the cloud. The cloud then sends the information to your printer. Google, Brother, HP, and more provide cloud printing services.
MBR
Master Boot Record
High-end User PCs
Mid tower cases are used for these PCs, which do require extra devices and adapter cards, but not as many as a server.
Office or home PCs
Mini tower cases are usually used for these PCs, where the requirements for additional internal devices and adapter cards is limited.
MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
Cat 5 Cable
Maximum supported ethernet standard: 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T Maximum supported distance: 100 meters
Cat 5e Cable
Maximum supported ethernet standard: 100BASE-TX, 1000BASE-T Maximum supported distance: 100 meters
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Touchscreen non responsive
May need to perform a reset to regain control of the mobile device. On Apple iOS devices you'd press the power button and slide to power off the device. Press the power button again to power it back on. To perform a hard reset, hold down the power button and either the Home or volume button (depending on the model) for 10 seconds. On Android devices, the reset process varies. In some devices you power off the device, remove the battery, place the battery back in, and restart the device. Other devices you can hold down the power button and volume down button to restart. Depending on the model of Android device, there may be different key combinations to perform a reset.
4.1 Measured Service
Measured service with cloud computing allows you to measure many aspects of an application. You can see the bandwidth sent in and out of the application, the storage usage, how many people are utilizing the application, etc. Based on these statistics, you can perform resource planning and granular chargebacks. Cost and utilization are closely tracked.
MT-RJ
Mechanical Transfer-Registered Jack
R.A.I.D 1
Mirroring
RAID 1
Mirroring. File blocks are duplicated between 2+ physical drives. Pros—Redundancy. Drive failure does not affect data availablity. Cons—Required storage space is doubled.
3.11 Inkjet Printer: Calibrate
Misalignments between the different ink cartridges and colors may occur. You may notice that lines are no longer printer crisp or hat the colors have become misaligned. In that case, you can perform calibration to align the nozzles to the paper. The calibration process will print test images to help you determine if all the colors are aligned properly. The printer usually provides a calibration option accessible via the printer menu, which will also allow you to make minor adjustments to realign.
LDAP
Name—Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Port(s)—tcp/389 Description—Directory Services
MDM
Mobile Device Management
SuperSpeed+ mode
Mode defined by USB 3.1 with a data rate of 10 Gbps
SuperSpeed mode
Mode introduced with USB 3.0 that improves the bus bandwidth tenfold & makes the link full duplex so a device can send & receive at up to 5Gbps simultaneously.
Traffic orginating over ports 161 and 162 would indicate which type of operation?
Monitoring a network device
3.6 Monitors
Monitors provide output from the computer so that we can view the information. Monitors can use a variety of connections like VGA, DVI, HDMI, or DisplayPort. Monitors come in various sizes and resolutions.
4.2 Virtualization Network Requirements
Most client side virtual machine managers have their own virtual (internal) networks. One type of network configuration for the virtual machines running on your desktop, is the shared network address. With this configuration, the virtual machine share the same IP address as the physical host. It uses NAT to convert from an internal address to the external address shared by the physical host IP. It uses a private IP address internally. Bridged network address is another type of configuration for virtual machines. With this configuration, each virtual machine has its own IP address on your local network. Each virtual machine can use DHCP to obtain an IP address from your DHCP server. Or you can configure manual IP addressing on each of your virtual machines. Another type of network configuration for VMs is a private address. With this configuration, the VM is not allowed to communicate outside of the virtual network. It can only communicate with other virtual machines on the same private network.
3.10 Data Privacy: User authentication on the device
Most operating systems allow you to set permission on who is able to perform what type of printing services on that printer. For example, you can specify that everyone can print to that printer but only certain people can manage the printer.
Inkjet Printer Maintenance (Calibration)
Most printers include a calibration option, but you may need to make minor adjustments. After you align nozzles to the paper, lines should be crisp and colors should not overlap.
Which input device can be used for entering data using gestures and gaming input?
Motion sensor
MP3
Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 3 Audio
MP4
Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 4
MFA
Multi-Factor Authentication
According to NIST, which element is *not* required by a cloud computing service?
Multi-core platforms
MFA
Multifactor Authentication
POP3
Name—Post Office Protocal v3 Port(s)—tcp/110 Description—Receive email into an email client
RDP
Name—Remote Desktop Protocol Port(s)—tcp/3389 Description—Graphical display of remote devices
SSH
Name—Secure Shell Port(s)—tcp/22 Description—Encrypted console access
SMB
Name—Server Message Block Port(s)—tcp/445 Description—Windows file transfers and printer sharing
MFD
Multifunction Device
MFP
Multifunction Product
3.10 Configuration Settings for SOHO Multifunction Devices: Quality
Multifunction SOHO printers will allow you to set the quality of your print job. This means that you can adjust the resolution, color or grayscale, and if you want to print in color saving mode which saves color at the cost of color quality.
MUI
Multilingual User Interface
MIMO
Multiple Input Multiple Output
MIME
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension
MIDI
Musical Instrument Digital Interface
TCP 137-139
NBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP) Used by hosts on a network to discover each name and services
Which device is designed for only two devices to temporarily communicate over short distances and only one of the even needs to be powered?
NFC
Which type of wireless communication has a range of only a few inches and is often used by payment systems?
NFC
SLP
Name—Service Location Protocol Port(s)—tcp/427, udp/427 Description—Find MacOS Services by name
SMTP
Name—Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Port(s)—tcp/25 Description—Transfer email between mail servers
3.6 NFC/tap pay device
NFC stands for near field communication. NFC technology allows you to place your mobile device near a point of sale terminal to transfer your payment information. NFC is built into many phones and many payment terminals have this functionality. NFC can provide use in contactless payment systems, identity tokens, security (unlock a door with a mobile device by NFC), and gaming and entertainment applications.
NetBIOS Name Service
Name— Port(s)—udp/137 Description—Register, remove, and find Windows services by name
NetBIOS Datagram Service
Name— Port(s)—udp/138 Description—Windows connectionless data transfer
NetBIOS Session Service
Name— Port(s)—udp/139 Description—Windows connection-oriented data transfer
AFP
Name—Apple Filing Protocol Port(s)—tcp/548 Description—MacOS file transfers
DNS
Name—Domain Name System Port(s)—tcp/53, udp/53 Description—Convert domain names to IP addresses
DHCP
Name—Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Port(s)—udp/67, udp/68 Description—Automates the IP address configuration process
FTP
Name—File Transfer Protocol Port(s)—tcp/20, tcp/21 Description—Sends and receives files between systems
HTTP
Name—Hypertext Transfer Protocol Port(s)—tcp/80 Description—Web server communication
Which of the answers listed below refers to the location of a laptop's Wi-Fi antenna?
Near the top, inside display case.
NAC
Network Access Control
NAT
Network Address Translation
NAS
Network Attached Storage
NetBIOS
Network Basic Input/Output System
Dialup
Network with voice telephone lines. 56 kbit/s modems 320 kbit/s with compression
NAS
Network-Attached Storage
NetBIOS
Networked Basic Input/Output System
NetBEUI
Networked Basic Input/Output System Extended User Interface
Satellite Networking
Networking provided via satellites. High cost, high latency, affected by weather and line of sight. 50 Mbit/s down, 3 Mbit/s up 2 GHz frequency
NLX
New Low-profile Extended
NTFS
New Technology File System
NTLDR
New Technology Loader
Troubleshooting Printers (Network Issues)
No connectivity -check wired cabling or wireless settings Access Denied -In the security tab, go to print/manage this printer
NVMe
Non-Volatile Memory Express
You are teaching a class on computer hardware to new IT technicians. You are discussing the component on an Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX) motherboard that supports communication between the central processing unit (CPU) and random access memory (RAM). Which component provides this functionality?
Northbridge chip
Impact Printer Maintenance (Paper Replacement)
Not as simple as normal paper replacement. Paper must fit perfectly into the holes of the tractor feed.
5.2 Troubleshoot Unexpected Shutdowns
Often unexpected shutdowns are caused by excessive heat. Your computer has a safety mechnism to turn itself off if it is experiencing heat issues. This could happen if you're running applications that are using a large portion of your CPU or graphics, like gaming. Check your fans, heatsinks, and general airflow throug the computer system. Check the BIOS to see if you can see statistics on the fan status and temperature of your system. Unexpected shutdowns can be caused by failing hardware. Check the details in the event viewer. Check the Device Manager and run diagnostics on all your components.
4.1 On-demand
On-demand cloud computing allows you to spin up a new server, software, network, or storage whenever you need it. The cloud enables instant resource provisioning.
3.11 Laser Printer Maintenance: Calibrate
Once you replace a toner cartridge or perform maintenance on the laser printer, it's common to print out a test page. A new toner cartridge might print a little differently than the previously installed cartridge. To adjust the density of the colors you can perform calibration. The calibration process prints out a set of colors and marks on a page that can then be used to determine how dense the output should be. The calibration process may be automated or manual so check your printer manual to see how calibration is performed.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Dim display
One cause of this may be if the LCD monitor backlight is not working. Behind LCD monitors are backlights that are shining through to display the image. Look closely or shine a flashlight onto your screen and see if the image is actually appearing on screen, but is very dim. If so, that indicates the backlight is the issue. If the backlight is not working and you're using fluorescent style lights, then you'll need to replace the inverters to get the backlight working again.
3.11 Laser Printer Maintenance: Replace toner
One of the most common maintenance tasks for a laser printer is to replace the toner cartridge. The printer will display error messages when the toner becomes low. Low doesn't necessarily mean empty, so you can still print until the toner is empty. The toner can also contain the OPC (Organic Photoconductor) drum. The drum is sensitive to light so keep it in the bag until it's time to install it in the printer. As a best practice it's good to power down the printer and disconnect it from the power source prior to changing the toner cartridge. Toner cartridges are modular and easy to remove and replace them. Remove any packing strips before placing it in th printer. Generally you slide out an old toner cartridge from the printer and slide the new one in place. If it's a color laser printer, there may be a tray of toner cartridges, and you simply pick up and replace the cartridge on the tray.
OS
Operating system.
OCR
Optical Character Recognition
CD, CD-R, and CD-RW are examples objects that would be used with which type of input device?
Optical Drive
Due to size restrictions and the compact nature of laptops devices, this type of storage media becomes less commonly found on new laptops.
Optical drives
3.6 Optical drive types
Optical drives, such as DVD drives, store and read data with light. Small bumps or discoloration on a disc are read with a laser beam. Types include: CD-ROM/CD-RW, DVD-ROM/DVD-RW/DVD-RW DL, Blu-ray, BD-R, BD-RE
3.11 Virtual Printer: Print to PDF
PDF stands for Adobe's Portable Document Format. PDFs allow you to take a document like Word or Excel and convert it to a PDF. Then anyone can view the PDF simply by having a PDF reader. The PDF recipient would not have to have Word or Excel on their computer. PDFs provide cross platform compatibility as well. PDF is a propriety formate of Adobe and requires specialized software to create and view a PDF. However, PDF viewers re built into many internet browsers. Also, some software wil allow you to print to PDF without any additional software. A virtual printer that allows you to print to PDF may show up as a separate "Adobe PDF" printer. When you print to PDF, you can change certain print configurations. Then you'll be prompted to enter a filename for your PDF output and you'll need to specify where you want to save the output PDF file.
5.2 Troubleshoot POST Code Beeps
POST stands for Power On Self Test. When your computer first turns on, it performs a POST. The POST tests the presence of the CPU, CMOS, Video, Memory, etc. If there's a problem with any of the tested components, the computer will beep. There may be different patterns of beeps which will help you to narrow down what specifically is the problem. BIOS versions can differ, so check the documentation to understand what the beep codes are trying to convey to you. If the computer fails before the beeps are emitted or before any error messages appear on screen, you can install what is called a POST card. Just plug a POST card into an expansion slot on the system and the card will show a hexadecimal 2 digit readout as the system goes through the POST process. The motherboard manual will have a reference sheet to let you know what the hexadecimal readout refers to. See what the readout says right before the computer fails.
Which update typically contains a list of which frequencies are used in different geographic regions and help to ensure that a mobile device connects to the proper tower?
PRL
Amazon's Relational Database Service (RDS) is an example of which cloud service model?
PaaS
Which cloud service model is used to develop applications for the customer to offer as their own Internet service?
PaaS
4.1 Cloud Model: PaaS
PaaS stands for Platform as a Service. With PaaS, you're in charge of building your own application, but that is all. You don't need to worry about the servers, software, or the data center. You're only in charge of putting together the development process for the application. You don't have direct control of the data, people managing the applications, or infrastructure. PaaS is like building blocks. PaaS provides you with prebuilt modules for you to develop your own applications. You develop your own application based on what's available on the cloud platform provided. Salesforce.com is an example of PaaS.
3.11 Inkjet Printer Maintenance: Clear jams
Paper may get jammed in a printer as it goes through its many twists and turns of being printed on. You'll need to clear a paper jam before you're able to resume printing. The first thing to do when clearing a paper jam is to remove the paper tray. Remove any loose paper that may have gotten caught. Then remove any paper that's in the path of the printer. Use firm pressure to ensure the paper doesn't rip while you're removing it. Open the cover of the printer and check to see if there are any scraps of paper that need to be removed. Then send another print job to see if the paper jam has cleared and is now able to print.
Which LCD display technology uses a grid of horizontal and vertical wires with an LCD element at each intersection?
Passive matrix
PVA
Patterned Vertical Alignment
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Frozen system
Perform a soft reset to see if this allows you to regain control of your mobile device. Hold down the power button and turn off and then restart the device. If a soft reset doesn't work then perform a hard reset. On Apple iOS devices a hard reset is performed by holding down the power and home or volume button (depending on the model) for 10 seconds. For Android devices, it depends on the model. There are various combinations of power, home, and volume button presses. If the issue occurs even after perform a hard and soft reset, then you can try installing the latest operating system to see if that resolves the issue. If the issues still persist then you may need to do a factory reset which will clear out all the data and settings and go back to default settings.
RADIUS
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service
PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect/pay card industry
Human Interface Devices (HIDs)
Peripherals that enable the user to enter data & select commands. AKA input devices
PVC
Permanent Virtual Circuit
3.11 Laser Printer: Fuser assembly
Permanently attaching the toner to the printed page requires heat and pressure. The fuser assembly is what completes this process. The fuser assembly melts the plastic toner powder to permanently bond it to the paper. The fuser assembly will be very hot so make sure to cool down the system before doing maintenance on the fuser.
PAN
Personal Area Network
PAN
Personal Area Network. Bluetooth, Infrared, Near Field Communication
PC
Personal Computer
PCMCIA
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
PIN
Personal Identification Number
PS/2
Personal System/2 Connector
PII
Personally Identifiable Information
PAL
Phase Alternating Line
PAL
Phase Alternating Line standard mostly used overseas, 25 frames are transmitted each second
PGA & LGA
Pin Grid Array and Land Grid Array. Pin grid array is a zero insertion force socket, meaning that the pins are on the chip. Land grind array is a socket where all the pins are on the socket, instead of the chip.
3D printer uses which technology to replicate the model created using AutoCAD?
Photopolymerization
You clear a paper jam from the tray in a laser printer. However, the printer still indicates a jam. What step should you perform next?
Physically open and close the top assembly.
PGA
Pin Grid Array
PGA2
Pin Grid Array 2
POTS
Plain Old Telephone Service
Which display device uses noble gases and phosphors to create color and when electrical current is applied to the gas then a tiny bit of charged gas illuminates a pixel on the screen?
Plasma
Which of the following uses small cells filled with noble gases and phosphors to create color?
Plasma
PaaS
Platform as a Service
PaaS
Platform as a Service. In this model, you are developing your own software for use on somebody else's hardware. In addition, they are responsible for data management and security.
PnP
Plug and Play
You have purchased a new 20-pin power supply to replace one that failed. However, the motherboard only has a 24-pin connector. What should you do?
Plug the 20-pin power supply into the motherboard, leaving pins 11, 12, 23, and 24 on the motherboard unconnected
PPP
Point-to-Point Protocol
PPTP
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
Jennifer, a network administrator, wants to block external SSH connections from reaching internal machines. Which of the following ports should she block on the firewall?
Port 22
PAT
Port Address Translation
PoE
Power over Ethernet
Power over Ethernet
Power provided by an ethernet cable. Power provided at the switch. -built-in power—Endspans -In-line power injector—Midspans
3.7. Power Supply Wattage Rating
Power supplies are rated by watts. The power supply will specify the overall watts and watts for individual voltages. When selecting a power supply, you need to select one that matches the type of computer it's going in. You don't necessarily need to buy the biggest one because that will typically be the most expensive, and the extra power wont do anything to increase the performance of your computer.
POST
Power-On Self-Test
Gaming PC requirements
Powerful processor; high-end video card and GPU; high quality sound card; high-end cooling w/liquid; MAX RAM; fast Interent connection; real-time video/audio I/O; HDMI output; specialized peripherals like steering wheels or goggles
Many device issues such as slow performance, "stuck" applications, or non-functioning features can be solved by:
Powering down and restarting the device
PXE
Preboot Execution Environment
PRL Updates
Preferred Roaming List. Updates that let your phone know information about which cell towers to connect to.
PGP
Pretty Good Protection
PGP
Pretty Good Protection (Privacy?)
PRI
Primary Rate Interface
Which service should you stop and restart if you are having difficulty clearing a print job stuck in a print queue?
Print Spooler
Troubleshooting Printers (Testing the Printer)
Print or scan a test page (built into windows) Use diagnostic tools -web-based -built in -vendor specific -generic utilities
3.11 Virtual Printer: Print to Image
Print to image will create the output as an image file. You'd be able to open this file in any program that understand that image format. Print to image is not commonly integrated into the operating system. Rather it is a feature of an application. An application may have an export or print function that allows you to save as an image file. Some third party image print drivers are also available.
PCL
Printer Control Language
You purchased a direct connection network printer. You attached the network cable to your router and turned on the printer. You have been able to print successfully to the printer for several months, but all of a sudden you receive an error that the printer is offline. Which of the following could be the cause?
Printer doesn't have a static IP address
Printer Collation
Printing multiple copies of something in their proper order. Non-collated—Page 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, etc. Collated—Page 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, etc.
Duplex Printing
Printing on both sides of the paper, without manually flipping the paper over.
Which of the following cloud computing types serves only a single user or organization?
Private
PRI Updates
Product Release Instructions. Contain important information like country codes.
Thermal Printer Pros/Cons
Pros—Very quiet. Cons—Paper is sensitive to light, heat, and clear tape.
Impact Printer Pros/Cons
Pros—good for carbon/multiple copies, low cost per page Cons—Noisy, poor graphics
PHI
Protected Health Information
Which of the following RAID levels uses disk striping across at least three drives and includes parity data?
RAID 5
PKI
Public Key Infrastructure
PKI
Public Key Infrastructure. Group of technologies used to request, create, manage, store, distribute, and revoke digital certificates. Certificates are an important part of asymmetric encryption. Certificates include public keys along with details on the owner of the certificate and on the CA that issued the certificate. Certificate owners share their public key by sharing a copy of their certificate.
Which tool uses a spring-loaded blade to push the wire in place, pierce the insulation, and cut excess length in a single motion?
Punch down tool
Which of the following is a necessary requirement for a network attached storage (NAS) device?
RAID array with data redundancy features
QoS
Quality of Service
Qos
Quality of Service
James, a technician, needs to configure a computer system or maximum safety of stored data while staying cost effective. Which of the following RAID levels should he use?
RAID 1
A user needs a drive system that offers redundancy while providing the fastest read/write speeds possible. Which of the following RAID configurations should a technician configure in the user's workstation?
RAID 10
TCP 3389
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) Allow remote control of windows computers on the network
Which RG standard is used for long distance drops and underground cables?
RG-11
Which cable standard is used by 10BASE5 "Thicknet" Ethernet?
RG-8
Which peripheral device is used for wired analog telephone service and for dial-up modem connections on computers?
RJ-11
Which is a low-speed serial connector found on old PCs which is used for mice, external modem,s and various other devices?
RS-232
3.2 Identify RS-232
RS-232 is the standard commonly used in computer serial ports. Uses DB-9 or DB-25 connectors
1.6 Mobile Device Radio Firmware
Radios in mobile devices have firmware that may occasionally need updating. Android: Download the radio firmware to a SD card to be placed in the phone. Put the phone into Recovery mode and press Alt+S to apply the update. iOS: Download the radio firmware file (IPSW file). Connect the iPhone to iTunes and press Option (Mac) or Shift (Windows) and select the phone. Click the update or restore button and select the IPSW file
RAM
Random Access Memory
IPv4 Class B
Range 128-191 subnet 255.255.0.0
IPV4 Class A
Range(1-126) Subnet 255.0.0.0
Which of the following has the ability to quickly increase or decrease the amount of resources required from a cloud service provider?
Rapid elasticity
4.1 Rapid Elasticity
Rapid elasticity allows you to scale up or down as needed. For example, if you have an application that sees a lot of usage at the end of the month, but very little activity in the beginning of the month, you can apply rapid elasticity and allocate more resources at the end of the month. This is invisible to the end user.
Loud Noises as Symptoms
Rattling could mean loose components. Scraping could mean hard drive issues. Clicking could mean fan problems. A pop could be a blown capacitor.
5.2 Troubleshoot Loud Noise
Rattling may indicate loose components. Scraping noise may indicate issues with the hard drive. Clicking noises may indicate hard drive or fan issues. A loud pop could indicate a blown capacitor. This may be accompanied by the smell of smoke. The top of a capacitor should be flat. If you see any that are bulged or missing the outside completely, then it's time to replace those components.
RTC
Real-Time Clock
Network Repeater
Receives a network signal, regenerates it, and resends it. Used to extend wireless network reach
RPO
Recovery Point Objective. A Recovery Point Objective identifies a point in time where data loss is acceptable. It is related to the RTO and the BIA often includes both RTOs and RPOs.
RAS
Remote Access Service
RADIUS
Remote Authentication Dial-In User Server
RIS
Remote Installation Service
You are troubleshooting a problem with a Windows computer. When you boot up the computer, you hear the hard disks start, the computer beeps once, and everything appears normal except the display. The display is blank. You confirm that the monitor's power switch is on and the monitor is plugged in. What should you do next to troubleshoot this problem?
Replace the monitor
After you start your computer, you hear an unusual, high-pitched noise. The source of the noise is the fan mounted inside the power supply. After a few minutes, the noise goes away. Which action should you take?
Replace the power supply.
A user from the accounting department has contacted you regarding problems with a dot matrix printer. When you examine the output from the printer, several letters have missing dots from the page. What should you do?
Replace the print head
Impact Printer Maintenance (Ribbon Replacement)
Replace the ribbon when the ink becomes too light. Takes less than a minute.
Last month, you installed a laser printer for your organization. The printer has been working properly since it was installed. Recently, you noticed that the laser printer is printing blank documents with no text or images. What should you do first?
Replace the toner cartridge
3.11 Thermal Printer Maintenance: Replace paper
Replacing thermal paper is relatively inexpensive. But you need to make sure you get the right size thermal paper for your thermal printer. There are different sizes of thermal paper. Replacing the thermal paper is a simple process. You simply remove the cover and remove any existing rolls of thermal paper, and put in a brand new roll of thermal paper. Close the cover. Then press the feed button to feed the paper through the printer.
1.5 Infrared
Requires clear line of sight Functional distance of 1 meter with viewing angle of 30 degrees
Troubleshooting Printers (Error Messages)
Research the error codes on the printer display
4.1 Resource Pooling
Resource pooling allows you to purchase one large resource instead of many small resources. You can buy one piece of hardware and virtualize a bunch of servers within the large hardware.
Which component of the mobile communications process is responsible for storing user information and for identifying a device on the network?
SIM card
RMA
Returned Materials Authorization
Lightning
Reversible connector used with Apple's iPhone and iPad mobile devices.
You are a desktop engineer for Verigon Corporation. Gloria requires a PCI network interface card and a PCI sound card installed in her computer. Her computer has three PCI slots, two of which contain the video card and the modem, respectively. Which card should you use to attach bot the PcI network interface card and sound card to the computer?
Riser card
A host with an IP address of 15.0.0.126/25 needs to transfer data to a host with an IP address of 15.0.0.129/25. Which of the following devices will be required for this purpose?
Router
Which of the following networking devices can send packets to the correct local area segment to take them to their destination?
Router
Router
Routes traffic between IP subnets. Makes forwarding decisions based on IP address.
RIP
Routing Information Protocol
Which is an interface protocol that is used to connect storage devices and other peripherals?
SCSI
3.6 Signature Pad
SIgnature pads are usually standalone external peripherals. When you pay for something electronically, you may need to provide your digital signature via a signature pad. A signature pad is a small digitizer with a stylus for signing. Signature pads are usually connected to a system via USB, and a driver may need to be installed.
Which resource sharing protocol allows folders or hard drives to be shared over a network?
SMB
TCP 445
SMB ( Server Message Block ) Windows file transfers and printer sharing used fir shared resource like files and printers
Which protocol is used to remotely manage and monitor network devices like routers and switches?
SNMP
A physical laptop memory chip usually comes in which format?
SODIMM
Which of the following is used in laptops and SFF PCs?
SODIMM
What do you call a small circuit board placed internally in a laptop computers that use only direct current?
Screen inverter
The NetBIOS protocol would be be best suited to which type of request?
Searching for a file on FileServer1
Which component on the optical drive represents the smallest addressable unit of a hard disk?
Sector
SCP
Secure Copy Protection
SD Card
Secure Digital Card
SFTP
Secure File Transfer Protocol
SSH
Secure Shell
SSL
Secure Sockets Layer
SSL
Secure Sockets Layer. Used to encrypt traffic on the wire. SSL is used with HTTPS to encrypt HTTP traffic on the Internet using both symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms. SSL uses port 443 when encrypting HTTPS traffic.
Which of the following verifies an operating system's boot loader is electronically signed by the vendor before it loads?
Secure boot
SFTP
Secured File Transfer Protocol
Which basic mail function does S/MIME provide?
Securing mail
SEC
Securities and Exchange Commission
Which of the following is the best solution to the attenuation problem?
Segment the long cable with repeaters
S.M.A.R.T.
Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology
Which device takes video content and converts it to a format that can be viewed on a television?
Set top box
You have replaced the memory in a laptop computer. What would cause the reported memory to be lower than the actual physical memory?
Shared video memory
STP
Shielded Twisted Pair
STP
Shielded twisted pair. Cable type used in networks that includes shielding to prevent interference from EMI and RFI. It can also prevent data from emanating outside the cable.
STP Cable
Shielded twisted-pair cable. Shielding protects against interference, but the cable must be grounded. The entire cable and/or each pair may be shielded.
3.2 Identify Micro-USB
Smallest type of USB, commonly used for mobile Phones and tablets.
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Num lock indicator lights
Since mobile device keyboards are limited in space, some keys may double as both numbers and letters. Generally you'll hold down the function key in addition to the letter key in order to type out a number. But if you turn on the num lock, everytime you type, you don't need to hold down the function key, and now anytime you press a letter key, it'll actually type out the numbers. Rember to press the num lock key again to disable num lock and go back to typing letters as normal.
4.1 Virtual NIC
Since the virtual desktop is in the cloud, all of the communication from the desktop is also in the cloud. You're not sending your local communication to the cloud based virtual desktop. This means that if you're working on sensitive information in the cloud based virtual desktop, all of the information remains local to the virtual desktop. If a hacker looks at the network communication between you and the virtual desktop, they wouldn't be able to see the sensitive information.
SEC
Single Edge Connector
SIMM
Single In-line Memory Module
SIMM
Single Inline Memory Module is a small circuit board that holds several memory chips. SIMMs have 30-pin or 72-pin configurations.
SSO
Single Sign-On
Signing into a blogging website by using your Facebook credentials would be an example of which process?
Single Sign-on (SSO)
SSO
Single sign-on. Authentication method where users can access multiple resources on a network using a single account. SSO can provide central authentication against a federated database for different operating systems.
Your organization is encouraging all users that have been issued corporately owned iPhones to put the phones in Airplane Mode when the battery is running low. Which of the following is NOT disabled when an iPhone is placed in Airplane Mode?
Siri
A user has recently moved to the United States from the United Kingdom. He contacts you asking how to switch his desktop computer to the appropriate voltage. What should you tell him to do?
Slide the voltage switch on the side of the power supply to the appropriate voltage
SCSI ID
Small Computer System Interface Identifier
3.2 Identify SCSI
Small Computer System Interface. Set of standards used to connect peripherals to computers. Commonly used for SCSI hard disks and/ or tape drives.
SFF
Small Form Factor
SOHO
Small Office/Home Office
SoDIMM
Small Outline DIMM has a 72-pin and 100-pin configurations for support of 32-bit transfers or a 144-pin, 200-pin, and 204-pin configurations for support of 64-bit transfers. This smaller, more condensed version of DIMM provides random access data storage that is ideal for use in laptops, printers, and other devices where conserving space is desirable.
SoDIMM
Small Outline Dual Inline Memory Module
SO-Dimm
Small outline dual inline memory module. Half the size of DIMMs, used in laptops and mobile devices.
3.2 Identify Mini-USB
Smaller type of USB commonly used for cameras and external hard drives.
Micro USB
Smallest type of USB B, commonly used for mobile devices. The slightly larger Mini-B may be used on some legacy devices
Serial Ports / RS-232
So called because data is transmitted over one wire one bit at a a time. Start, stop, and parity bits are used to format and verify data transmission. -It is less a sophisticated signaling method vs. USB -Supports data rates up to 115 Kbps only
Saas
Software as a Service
SaaS
Software as a Service. Instead of developing your own software, pay to use somebody else's. ex. Gmail. Downside—you don't manage your own data.
SSD
Solid State Drive
3.4 Hybrid Drives
Solid State Hybrid Drive (SSHD). It's called a hybrid because it contains spinning components like a traditional magnetic hard drive but it also contains solid state components like you have in SSDs. The SSD portion is used to cache the data. *Has the same form factor as a normal hard drive or SSD. It also has the same interfaces.
3.6 Speakers
Speakers are analog output devices so that we can hear sound coming from our computers. Speaker connect via TRS (Tip/ Ring/ Sleeve) jacks. There's usually an option to have speaker output or an audio adapter that has speaker connection on it.
S.M.A.R.T
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely
USB 2.0 (HighSpeed) Standard
Specifies a data rate at 480 Mbps. (Shared bandwidth between all devices attached to the same host)
SPGA
Staggered Pin Grid Array (SPGA) is a style of arranging pins on an integrated circuit package.
SRAM
Static Random Access Memory
Laser Printer Process
Step 1—Processing -Build the entire page in memory Step 2—Charging -Prepare the drum with a negative electrostatic charge Step 3—Exposing -Write the image with the laser Step 4—Developing -Add toner to the charged areas of the imaging drum Step 5—Transferring -Move the toner from the drum to the paper Step 6—Fusing -Heat & pressure Step 7—Cleaning -Remove excess toner
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Apps not loading
Stop the app and restart. On iOS devices, double tap the home button and slide the app up and away. On Android devices go to Settings/Apps. Then select the problematic app. Then do a force stop. You can also try restarting the mobile device with either a hard or soft reset. Another action to try is to update the app so that you are running the latest version.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Slow Performance
Stop the app and restart. On iOS devices, double tap the home button and slide the app up and away. On Android devices go to Settings/Apps. Then select the problematic app. Then do a force stop. You can also try restarting the mobile device with either a hard or soft reset. Another action to try is to update the app so that you are running the latest version.
SAN
Storage Area Network. A specialized network of high-speed storage devices.
2.5 Mail Server Role
Stores your incoming mail and sends your outgoing mail.
ST
Straight Tip
System Clock
Synchronizes the operation of all parts of the PC and provides the basic timing signal for the CPU.
SDRAM
Synchronous dynamic random access memory. Synchronizes with the system clock—one piece of data per clock cycle.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
System memory uses this type of memory technology. Program code is loaded into it so that it can be accessed and executed by the processor. It also holds data, such as the contents of a spreadsheet document while it is being modified. It is volatile; it loses its contents when power is removed.
James, a technician, needs to extend the organization's remote access functionality to be used by staff while traveling. He needs to maintain separate access control functionalities for internal, external, and VoIP services. Which o the following represents the *best* access technology for him to use?
TACACS+
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)
TCP 3389
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure)
TCP 443--secure communication in browser and other applications
TACACS
Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System. An older remote authentication protocol that was commonly used in UNIX networks. TACACS + is more commonly used.
The process of sharing an Internet connection from a mobile phone to a laptop over a USB cable is also known as what?
Tethering
3.11 Laser Printing: Processing
The data to be printed is sent to the memory of the laser printer. The paper is sent into the printer. The entire page has to be rendered in memory before it starts printing.
3.5 BIOS/UEFI Boot Options
The default boot order (order in which it check drives for an operating system) can be configured in the BIOS
3.11 Thermal Printer Maintenance: Clean heating element
The heating element in the thermal printer can get dirty. To clean it you can use liquid cleaner, like isopropyl alcohol (IPA). You can also get a cleaning pen that has IPA at the end of it to reach small areas. Most thermal printer manufacturers will have recommended cleaning. Swab very gently across the heating element. Some printers will allow you to use a cleaning card which is passed through the printer. The cleaning card will clean the heating element along with the paper path.
4.2 Hypervisor
The hypervisor is the software the manages all of the virtual systems that are running and keeps all of the different OS resources separate. It manages the visual platform and the guest operating systems. A hypervisor may also be called the Virtual Machine Manager. A hypervisor may require a CPU that supports virtualization. Some hypervisors will allow you to run even if the CPU doesn't support virtualization. But if your CPU supports virtualization, it's best to integrate it with the hypervisor for better performance. Hypervisor is in charge of everything associated with the virtual machine (CPU, networking, storage, security, etc.)
3.11 Laser Printer: Imaging Drum
The imaging drum is the middle man between the laser and the printed image on the page. The laser draws out what it wants to print onto the imaging drum which is photosensitive. The imaging drum is then put through toner. The toner sticks to the area where the laser hit the imaging drum. The toner is transferred to the paper where it is heated and permanently affixed to the paper. The imaging drum can be a part of the toner cartridge itself, but some laser printers separate the toner cartridge and the imaging drum, so that you can replace a toner cartridge without have to replace the imaging drum as well.
5.3 Troubleshoot Hard Drives: Slow Performance
The performance may be slow when reading or writing to the hard drive. There might be constant LED activity *Indicates disk failure *Check for loose/damaged cables *Check that overheating is not occurring, especially if you notice the symptoms occur after startup. *Check the power supply to see if it is producing enough voltage to power your hard drive. This is especially true if you just added new components to your computer, which may be drawing additional power from the power supply. *Run hard drive diagnostics.
Computer connections
The physical access points that enable a computer to communicate with internal or external devices. They include the ports on both the computer and the connected devices, plus a transmission medium which is either a cable with connectors at each end or a wireless technology.
3.7 Power Supply Output 5V vs 12 V
The power supply commonly provides +/-3.3 V, +/- 5 V, and +/- 12 V. There are different voltages depending on the needs of the different components in your computer. +12 V is provided to larger components on the motherboard such as PCIe adapters, hard drive motors, cooling fans, and most modern components. +5 V can also be provided to motherboard components. However these components are seeing a shift to using 3.3 V instead. -12 V is not seen in modern motherboards. But older motherboards would use -12 V for an integrated LAN, older serial ports, and some PCI cards. Modern power supplies don't provide -5 V, but some older power supplies did. The -5V would be used for older ISA adapter cards. Since modern motherboards don't have ISA slots, -5V is no longer needed.
Your computer has been operating without problems for some time, but on your most recent startup, nothing appears on the monitor screen. The lights for the keyboard, floppy drive, and hard disk flash at startup. Your computer has an American Megatrends, Inc. (AMI) BIOS program, and the computer generates one long beep followed by eight short beeps at startup. Which item is likely to be defective?
The video card
You are replacing several laptop components to upgrade a customer's laptop computer. Which device ALWAYS involves the detaching and reattaching of antenna connectors?
The wireless card
3.9 Configure laptop/mobile device wireless settings
There are additional administrative and security concerns with mobile devices and their wireless settings both in the office and elsewhere. A virtual private network (VPN) is recommended for added security.
3.9 Configure laptop touchpad configuration
There are different finger combinations and swiping gestures that can be configured for touchpads on a laptop.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: intermittent Wireless
There are multiple antennas in mobile devices such as WiFi main, WiFi aux, Bluetooth, and others. The antenna wires wrap around the laptop screen so that they are located at the highest point for better connectivity. However, this also means that antennas are easy to accidentally disconnect during mobile device maintenance. If there is no 802.11 wireless or Bluetooth make sure the antennas are plugged in. If there is intermittent connectivity, check the connectors and see if the cables are loose.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: No wireless connectivity
There are multiple antennas in mobile devices such as WiFi main, WiFi aux, Bluetooth, and others. The antenna wires wrap around the laptop screen so that they are located at the highest point for better connectivity. However, this also means that antennas are easy to accidentally disconnect during mobile device maintenance. If there is no 802.11 wireless or Bluetooth make sure the antennas are plugged in. Make sure that you test wireless and Bluetooth before you close up the laptop after performing maintenance
3.11 Laser Printing: Cleaning
There may be toner left over on the photosensitive drum. So this last stage cleans the photosensitive drum to prepare it for another print.
3.11 Thermal Printer: Heating element
There's a full length heating element in the printer instead of a moving print head. As the paper gets fed through the heating element is only heating certain parts of the paper.
Thermal Printer Components
Thermal Paper -White paper that is covered with a chemical that turns black when heated Feed Assembly -Pulls paper through the printer Heating Element -full-length heating element, no moving print head
3.11 Thermal Printer: Feed assembly
Thermal printers use a feed assembly to pull paper through the printer. The paper goes into the bottom of the printer. A roller feed pulls the paper through the printer. The roller can be replaced very easily if it gets worn down.
List the steps required to stream video from one Windows 10 computer to another in the same house. Assume that the two computers are members of the same network.
These are the steps to set up video streaming from one Windows 10 computer to another in the same house: 1. Run network and sharing center. 2. Click the Change Advanced Sharing Settings link in the left frame. 3. Expand the Home or Work configuration section. 4. Click the Choose Media Streaming Options link. 5. Change desired Blocked buttons to Allow. 6. Open Windows Media Player and switch to Library mode, if Necessary. 7. Ensure that streaming is enabled. 8. Start Windows Media Player on the remote system. 9. Expand the remote library that you just shared under Other Libraries to play music, watch videos or recorded TV, and view pictures.
The ExpressCard technology is replaced by which of the following interface?
Thunderbolt
Which o the following expansion ports would be used to enable transfer of power, data, and video to peripheral devices on an apple computer?
Thunderbolt
TDR
Time Domain Reflectometer
3.11 Thermal Printer Maintenance: Remove debris
To remove bits of paper that may be left in the thermal printer, you can take it outside and blow out the printer with compressed air. You can also wipe out the inside with a damp cloth. Avoid using a vacuum since vacuums tend to build up and discharge static electricity. If you have a vacuum designed specifically for cleaning internal computer components then you can use this specially designed vacuum to clean the thermal printer.
3.7 Number of devices/Types of devices to be powered
To select a power supply you want to calculate the watts required for all components. Look at the CPU, storage devices, video adapters, etc. to see how many watts of power they require, and total all the watts required. You'll want a power supply that exceeds your needs so that you'll have room to grow in the future. Video adapters usually use the most amount of power. The video card manufacturer will most likely provide a list of recommended power supply wattage for that adapter.
What is the cause for the frozen system?
Too many apps running at once time
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. Protocol that connects computers to the Internet. Tells computers how to exchange information over the Internet.
TLS
Transport Layer Security
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
A build-up of toner on the fuser rollers can cause the toner to not fuse properly to the paper. True or False?
True
A firewall that is implemented as software on an individual PC or server is called a Host Firewall. True or False
True
Which is an international standard designed to secure hardware by integrating encryption keys into devices?
Trusted Platform Module
TPM
Trusted Platform Module: a chip on the motherboard of the computer that provides cryptographic services.
Unshielded & Shielded Twisted Pair Abbreviations & Naming Convention
U = Unshielded S = Braided shielding F = Foil shielding (Overall Cable) / (individual pairs)TP ex. S/FTP is Braided shielding around the cable, and foil shielding around the pairs. ex2. F/UTP is foil shielding around the cable, and no shielding around the pairs.
Which physical interface standard is used to connect up to 127 peripheral devices to a computer?
USB
Which synchronization connection type would be both fastest and most secure?
USB
You need to synchronize your mobile device data with your desktop computer. For security reasons, your organizations prohibits syncing devices over wireless connections or the Internet. Which connection(s) could you use to perform the synchronization?
USB
Which of the following is a small five-pin connector used for mobile devices?
USB Mini B
You need to remove several devices from a computer. For which type of device should you use the Safely Remove Hardware icon to stop the device's operation before removing it from the computer?
USB flash drive
Troubleshooting Printers (OS Issues)
Unable to install printer -check printer drivers -make sure drivers match up with OS (32 or 64 bit) Backed up print queue -Print server not working -print spooler may have crashed, so restart it
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
UEFI
Unified Extensible Firmware Interface. A method used to boot some systems and intended to replace Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) firmware.
UTM
Unified Threat Management
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
You have installed Windows 10 on a laptop. After installing Windows 10, the keyboard is no longer functional, but the mouse is working. You need to fix this issue. What should you do?
Uninstall the older keyboard drivers
UPS
Uninterruptible Power Supply
UNC
Universal Naming Convention (UNC) is a standard used for identifying servers, printers, and other resources in a network.
UPnP
Universal Plug and Play
UPnP
Universal Plug and Play: Enables network-ready devices to discover each other automatically.
USB
Universal Serial Bus
3.2 Identify USB
Universal Serial Bus. A type of connection used to attach devices such as flash drives, scanners, cameras, and printers to a computer.
You are teaching a one-week computer repair class. early Monday morning, you discover that a student from the previous week protected his computer with a BIOS startup password, and you are unable to contact the student to obtain the password. This week's class starts in one hour, and all seats are taken. What should you do to make the computer available to a student in this week's class?
Use a system board jumper
UAC
User Account Control
UAC
User Account Control. Informs you when a program makes a change that requires administrator-level permission, also adjusts the permission level of your user accounts
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
UDF (3)
User Defined Functions Universal Disk Format Universal Data Format
USMT
User State Migration Tool
3.9 Configure Account Setup/Settings
User accounts also must be maintained. These are the accounts that are used to login to the local workstation or used to login to the network to provide access. Usually in business environments there is a centralized account management database, like Microsoft Active Directory. You would add and edit users in this directory. On a thin client, there are no local device permissions required. The device connects to a larger system that is across the network. The user will need access to that system. For thick clients, the user needs an account to login to the computer, and the computer will also need to be added to the Microsoft domain.
VDI
Virtual Desktop Infrastructure. A virtualization technology that hosts a desktop operating system on a centralized server in a data center. Persistent VDI—Every user has their own personal desktop image that they can configure and save. Non-persistent VDI—All users have access to the same generic image(s) that do not save upon logging out.
2.6 Dynamic IP Addressing
Uses DHCP to automatically get an IP address
Fiber
Uses fiber optic cables to the home to provide high speed networking. Includes features such as: -hundreds of HD channels -1 GB/s internet speeds -1 TB of cloud storage -2 TB DVR
Inkjet Printer Maintenance (Replacing Cartridges)
Usually the CYMK are all different cartridges. Takes a few minutes to replace, and a few minutes to calibrate and prepare the new cartridge. Recycle the empty cartridge.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: Sticking Keys
Usually the result of debris getting under the keys. You'll need to clean out the keyboard. Key caps can be fragile so be careful when you attempt to clean them
Managed Switch
VLANs can be implemented to allow interconnection among switches via 802.1Q. Prioritizes traffic, with voice traffic getting higher priority. Provides redundancy support via STP. Can be externally managed via SNMP. Port mirroring can be used to capture packets.
VM Escape
VM Escape is when malware recognizes that it's on a virtual machine, compromises the hypervisor, and jumps from one guest OS to another.
VM Sprawl
VM sprawl occurs when there are so many virtual machines that the administrator can no longer manage them effectively.
VM
Virtual Machine
VM requirements
Virtual Machine numbers of CPU cores RAM
3.6 VR headset
VR stands for Virtual Reality. The VR headset determines what you see, to put you into a virtual world. You can interact with the virtual world through motion tracking on the x, y, and z axis. VR can be used in gaming, art, and travel applications.
VA
Vertical Alignment
VESA
Video Electronics Standards Association
VGA
Video Graphics Array
VGA Cable
Video Graphics Array. Known as DB-15 or DE-15. Blue color connector. Provides only analog signal, 5-10 meters before image degradation
VRAM
Video Random Access Memory
VNC
Virtual Network Computer
VPN
Virtual Private Network
4.11 Virtual Application Streaming / Cloud-Based Applications
Virtual application streaming is like on demand application. You don't need to do a local installation of the application. Instead you start the application and the application is streamed down to you as you use it. The components are downloaded as needed. For example, you may have an icon on your desktop. When you click on the icon, only the components you're using inside of that app will be downloaded and run on your local machine. Once you're done with the application, all of your data is stored in the cloud so that the next time you start the application, all of your data will be available regardless of where you're using the application from. Virtual application streaming is easy to update since the application is in one place. Some data may be cached and only the components that needs updates will be changed.
A __________ is created and managed through an IIS web-based interface or through a Windows client application tool called VMRCplus
Virtual machine
4.2 Virtualization Security Requirements
Virtual machine escaping is a security vulnerability. This refers to when malware is loaded onto one virtual machine. The malware recognizes it is being run on a virtual machine and then takes advantage of hypervisor vulnerability and is able to get to one of the other virtual machines managed by the hypervisor. Many hosted services are virtual environments which means malware on one customer's server can leach into another customer's data. Hypervisor vulnerabilities are rare. You to need think about security on each of the virtual machines themselves. Every guest operating system is a self contained operating system, just as if it were its own real computer. That means the same patching standards and remediation for each OS still applies. Use traditional security controls such as host based firewalls, anti-virus, anti-spyware, password protection, etc. You need to watch out for rogue virtual machines. Attackers may try to install their own virtual machine on your system. Self-contained virtual machines provided by 3rd parties can be dangerous since you have no idea what's running on there. Make sure you're running trusted virtual machines on your system. Be careful of any virtual machines that you download and run from the Internet.
4.2 Purpose of Virtual Machines
Virtualization allows you to have one physical computer, but you can run many different operations systems. For example, you can run Mac OS X, Windows 10, and Linux Ubuntu all at the same time. Each virtualized operating system requires an independent CPU, memory, network, etc. but you're still just using one physical computer. With host based virtualization you're running one main operating system as your normal desktop and then running other operating systems on top of that desktop. In enterprise situations, it's common to have one single large standalone server that hosts many virtual machines inside of it.
VoIP
Voice over IP
VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol
VDC
Volts DC
VDC
Volts Direct Current
Which type of expansion card enables communication in 802.11 networks?
WLAN
Which Wi-Fi encryption standard encrypts traffic using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol? (TKIP)
WPA
Which of the following is used to communicate to an external authentication server, usually RADIUS-based, with a username and password?
WPA-Enterprise
Which of the following answers refers to a laptop's Bluetooth module?
WPAN
A type of expansion card that enables communication over cellular network is referred to as:
WWAN card
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Paper Jam
When a paper has jammed be careful when trying to remove the paper. You don't want to rip the paper and leave small portion of the paper stuck in the printer. You also don't want pull the paper out so hard that it damages the internal components of the printer.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Error codes
When a printer experiences an issue, it will mostly display an error message on its front conosole. The error message may be detailed or will provide you with a code that you may have to reference in the printer's documentation.
3.10 Sharing Local / Networked Device via Operating System Settings
When printing from a Windows device to a network connected printer, you can usually provide the name of the printer, and Windows will be able to find the printer on the network. However, you may occasionally need to specify an IP address and the network port that are used.
5.5 Troubleshoot Mobile Devices: cannot display to external monitor
When you connect an external monitor to your laptop, you'll first need to toggle function keys to control how you send the video to the external monitor. The most common options are: Computer only (no display shown on the external monitor), duplicate (the external monitor matches what is shown on the laptop LCD screen), extend (the external monitor extends the desktop display), or projector only (the video display is only on the external monitor and not on the laptop LCD screen). To force the video onto the external monitor is to power off the laptop, connect the external display, and then power on the laptop. The laptop default is to automatically use the external display.
3.10 Data Privacy: Hard drive caching
When you hit print on your device, your local system creates a file of the output. The output file is then sent to the print server which is often contained inside of the printer itself. The output file is put into the print spoiler to await printing. The print spooler is in charge of what print jobs print and at what time and in what order. Once the printer is available and your print job is at the top of the print queue, the spooler prints your job onto the printer. Once your job is complete the spooler file is deleted, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes the print file is kept on the system until space is needed. That means if someone gains access to these print files they could potentially have access to anything you've printed.
3.11 Virtual Printer: Print to file
When you want to print something but you can't access the printer at that point in time, you can use print to file. Print to file will save to a format that the desired printer will understand. Then you can save the file. Once you're at the desired printer, you can copy the file to the printer wiht the command line command: copy filename LPT1: where the filename would be the name of the print to file file and LPT1: is the printer interface. The printer will then receive the file and print out the physical hard copy. The output file from print to file can only be used and understood by the printer.
WAN
Wide Area Network; largest type of network in terms of geographic area; largest WAN is the Internet
Which of the following is an example of hosted hypervisors?
Windows Virtual PC
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Limited Connectivity
Windows may alert you in the system tray with messages like "Limited or No connectivity" or "No Internet Access." If this occurs, check your local IP address to see if it's an APIPA address, which means you only have local connectivity. Otherwise, if you do have a DCHP address, perform ping tests to the local gateway and to a remote IP address to see where along the line you're having the communication issue. Limited connectivity points to a DHCP problem. Run ipconfig to see if you have an APIPA address. Restart the router if that is your DHCP server and you're getting an APIPA address.
WEP
Wired Equivalent Privacy
Which of the following expansion card types provides the interface necessary for remote communications,such as internet over mobile phone?
Wireless
WAP (2)
Wireless Access (Application?) Protocol Wireless Access Point
WAP
Wireless Access Point/protocol
4.1 Shared Resources: Internal vs External
With an internal cloud, no resources are shared. You have to build your own cloud. You pay for everything up front. For example, you buy the all of the hardware and all of the networking structure to built up your own cloud. Generally, there are no ongoing costs besides the cost for power and to maintain cooling in the data center. With an external cloud, you share resources with a public cloud. The underlying infrastructure is purchased and owned by a third party cloud provider. Cost may be metered, where you are charged by usage, or the cost may be an up front cost.
4.11 Cloud File Storage Service & Synchronization Apps
With cloud storage you can store your files in a centralized location and be able to access, share, and edit the files from anywhere. Common cloud file storage service providers are Dropbox, Google Drive, Box, and Microsoft OneDrive. Synchronization Apps Many cloud based file storage services operate by setting a particular area of your hard drive as being the cloud based drives. Anything you put in this folder will be synchronized to the cloud with a synchronization application. If you have the synchronization application on another device, the files will also auto synchronize on the other devices as well.
4.1 Metered Cloud Computing
With metered cloud services you pay for what you use. For example, if you upload a file or if you download a file there's a cost. If you store the file on the cloud, there's a cost for that. With non metered cloud services you generally play a flat cost. For example, you pay for a block of storage and there's no separate cost to upload or download.
3.9 Configure laptop/mobile device synchronization settings
With mobile devices, you need to determine how the data on the mobile device will be backed up so that all the information remains safe. Back ups could be cloud based or you could sync back to a local drive.
Which of the following cards has the capacity more than 2 TiB?
XQD
3.11 Laser Printer: Pickup Rollers
You usually will place a stack of blank paper into your printer. The pickup rollers are responsible for feeding one paper at a time from the paper stack and into the printer. If your printer isn't picking up any paper to send through the printer or if too many sheets are being fed through at once, then you may have an issue with the pickup rollers. Too many sheets being fed into the printer at once could cause paper jams. Pickup rollers should be periodically cleaned or replaced when they have worn down.
Which technology supports throughput up to 40 kbps over distances of 10-100m?
Z-Wave
ZIP
ZIg-zag inline package
ZIF
Zero Insertion Force socket. A socket that uses a small lever to apply even force when you install the microchip into the socket. Because of this, you don't put any downward pressure on the chip to install it.
ZIF
Zero-Insertion-Force
ZIF
Zero-insertion-force
Which technology uses a variety of ISM bands, with 2.4 GHz and 915 MHz bands?
Zigbee
ZIP
Zigzag Inline Package
Network Acces Layer
aka Link layer defines how nodes communicate on local network and adapter level It combines the physical and data link layer functions into a single layer Protocals inclues Address Resolution Protocal(ARP), Neighbor Discovery Protcol(NDP)
switches
allows full duplix communication where 2 devices on a network can simultaneously send and receive the data. It's a layer 2 device that joins multiple computers together within the same LAN.
Daniel is a subscriber to your company's online tech forum and is complaining that he can no longer access it, although no other subscribers have called. You have no problem connecting to the tech forum. What would you tell Daniel to do?
check his Ethernet connection
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Access Denied
check the Security configurations. Inside of the printer properties is a Security tab that allows you to assign rights and permissions to the printer for different users and groups. You can set who is able to manage the printer, manage the documents, and who can print to the printer.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: No Connectivity
check the printer's network connectivity. First check to see if the printer is powered on. Check the printer itself to see if there are any error messages that require your attention. For example, you may be out of paper or toner, which requires user attention before the printer is able to work. Check the physical wired network cabling to make sure the cable is in securely. Check the wireless settings to make sure all configurations are correct.
In the given URL, which of the following represents a top-level domain? "http://www.ucertify.com
com
COMx
communication port (x=port number)
CD
compact disc copascity 700MB
CDFS
compact disc file system
CD-ROM
compact disc-read-only memory
CD-RW
compact disc-rewritable
CMOS
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
On demand self-service
consumers can obtain computing capabilities such as server time or network storage as needed automatically on their own Enables ends user to request and access cloud resources as they are needed. users can access additional storage, processing and capabilities automatically wo requiring intervention from the service provider
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Shares Unavailable
could be because the server is unavailable, you don't have the proper permission to access that share, or there may be an issue with the DNS that is used to find the server.
5.2 Troubleshoot Continuous reboots
determine how far the boot up goes before the system reboots. Do you get the BIOS screen only or do you get all the way to the operating system's splash screen and then the system reboots? Or do you get all the way to the desktop of your operating system? Continuous reboots can be caused by bad drivers or bad configurations in your operating system. If you're running Windows, you can press F8 during the start up process and choose "Boot from last known working configuration." You can also try starting in safe mode. Again press F8 during the start up process and then choose "Safe Mode." Safe Mode loads a basic configuration. In Safe Mode you can also disable automatic restarts in System Properties. Continuous reboots could also be caused by bad hardware. If you think this is the case, you can try removing or replacing hardware components with known good components. Check all the connections to the components.
Older systems used the Northbridge and Soutbridge chipset, but on newer systems the memory controller and graphics controller are incorporated on the same chip as the CPU itself (referred to as "on _____
die
DFS
distributed file system
DDR RAM
double data-rate random access memory
DIMM
dual inline memory module
EIDE
enhanced integrated drive electronics
EPROM
erasable programmable read-only memory
ECC
error correction code
XGA
extended Graphics array
ECP
extended capabilities port
EVGA
extended video graphics adapter/array
FPM
fast page-mode
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Printer will not print
first check the obvious and see if the printer is powered on. Next, check the printer display to see if there are any error messages. If the printer has a test print function on the printer itself, utilize this feature to see if you're able to print as a standalone device. If the printer's test print comes out correctly, check the printer's connectivity. Print a test page from a computer. If that doesn't work, try connecting the computer directly to the printer via USB to see if the problem is related to network connectivity. Use the Windows test print (from the printer properties) to test the operating system, network, drivers, and spooler for any issues. If the Windows test print works, try printing from a different application to see if the issue is application specific.
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Intermittent connectivity
first check the system tray. If you see a broken LAN icon this means there is a loss of signal and we should check the cabling that is used to connect to the network. Check the network interface card in the computer to see if it's working well. If that works, check the infrastructure being used for the wired or wireless network. Check the switch or wireless access point. It could be that the switch has a bad interface or the switch or AP is randomly restarting which would cause our computer to have intermittent connectivity.
MIME
multipurpose internet mail extension
laser printing step 6: fusing
heat and pressure
HPFS
high performance file system
If a web page is requested over port 443 which prefix would you expect to see in the address bar of your browser?
https
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Color prints in wrong print color
may have low ink in a particular color. You may need to replace this cartridge or clean this cartridge if it is clogged.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Unable to install Printer
indicates issues with the computer's operating system. You'll need to install printer drivers in order to be able to install a printer. So first you need to determine if you have the proper rights to install printer drivers. Next, check that the correct printer driver is installed. For example if you have a 32 bit OS, you wouldn't want to be installing the 64 bit driver. You can't mix and match the 32 bit and 64 bit drivers, so make sure you install a 32 bit driver on a 32 bit OS, and a 64 bit driver on a 64 bit machine.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Toner not fused to the paper
indication that the toner is not properly fusing to the paper. There may be a problem with the fusing process at the end of the printing process. The fuser generally becomes very hot and uses this heat and pressure to melt the toner to the page. If the toner is not fusing, the fuser may not be getting hot enough. Cool down the printer and replace the fuser as necessary.
IR
infrared
IPP
internet printing protocol
IRQ
interrupt request
MUI
multilingual user interface
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: SSID not found
it might be that your access point is too far away. Another reason for your SSID not being found is that the wireless router was configured to disable SSID advertisements. And thus the SSID wil never appear in the available network list. The wireless is still available, but you'll need to manually type in the SSID in order for your system to connect to it.
JBOD
just a bunch of disks
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Faded Prints
low on toner or ink. Replace the ink or toner cartridges as needed.
LVD
low voltage differential
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Backed up print queue
may have an issue with the printer or the print queue. Check to see if the printer server is working and can send information to the printer. Check the print spooler service which is in charge of sending print jobs to the printer. Make sure that the printer spooler service has not crashed. Restarting the print spooler can get things running again. Windows provides you with recovery options so that you to manage the process when a service fails. For example, you can configure it so that if the service fails the first time, Windows will automatically restart it.
MIMO
multiple input multiple out put
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: IP conflict
means two or more computers have the same IP. IP conflict doesn't usually occur when you have DHCP but if you have some devices that are statically assigned and some that are DHCP assigned, you may run into conflict. Windows will identify duplicate IPs to prevent conflicts, and will put up an alert on screen saying that "There is an IP address conflict with another system on the network." If for some reason two devices do have the same IP address, you may find that you have intermittent connectivity because the network doesn't know where to send the data, your device or the device with the identical IP. Find the 2 devices with the identical IP and resolve the IP conflict, then reboot or reset the NIC in one of the devices to restart the DHCP process.
MicroDIMM
micro dual inline memory module
A type of laptop expansion slot characterized by a much smaller form factor when compared to its desktop counterpart is known as:
mini PCIe
laser printing step 5: transferring
move the toner from the drum to the paper
MFP
multi-function product
5.2 Troubleshoot Fans spin- No power to other devices
on the motherboard or directly to the power supply? If your fan is connected to the power supply and is working properly then that indicates that some part of the power supply is working. If you're getting no POST (power on self test), this could indicate issues with either the power supply or a bad motherboard. Fans have lower voltage requirements, so if something is wrong with the power supply, it may be providing enough voltage to turn on the fans, but not enough power for the motherboard. Use a multimeter or power supply tester to check the voltages being output by the power supply.
RTC
real-time clock
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
organizes data (send and receive) to transmit over internet (protocol)
PCIe
peripheral component interconnect express
Non-ephemeral ports
permanent port numbers, usually on a server or service. 0-1,023
PC
personal computer
PIN
personal identification number
PS/2
personal system/2 connector
Andrew works for a local firm's help desk and is getting complaints that employees cannot access the company's intranet site. What is the first tool he should use?
ping
PCL
printer control language
RF
radio frequency
RGB
red, green, blue
SCP
secure copy protection
SD card
secure digital card
DB-25
serial communications D-shell connector, 25 pins
DB-9
serial communications D-shell connector,9 pins
SP
service pack
5.2 Troubleshoot Smoke or Burning Smell
sign of a significant hardware issue. If this occurs, unplug your system immediately to prevent additional damage from occurring to your system. Once the system has cooled down you may be able to locate the bad component and replace the damagaged components.
SCSI ID
small computer system interface identifier
SOHO
small office/home office
5.7 Troubleshoot Network: Email Unavailable
there could be a single server or a cluster of servers that are experiencing issues. This might be related to the servers themselves or to the network path to the email servers.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Creased paper
there may be problems in the paper path. Another cause of creased paper is that you're using the wrong weight of paper. Lighter paper creases more easily. Using a heavier paper can resolve creased paper issues.
5.6 Troubleshoot Printers: Ghost Images
typically occur with laser printers. Ghost images are caused when the optical drum is not cleaned properly. The ghost or "shadow" from a previous drum rotation appears because the drum was not cleaned well enough between the previous and current rotations. To fix this issue, try cleaning or replace the components involved with cleaning the drum.
UDF
user defined functions or universal disk format or universal data format
VRAM
video random access memory
VFAT
virtual file allocation table
