Computer Applications: Chapter 6-Study Guide
In a binary system, the digit ____ represents that electronic state of____. Also in a binary system, the digit ____ represents that electronic state of____.
0 and off; 1 and on
DaaS
Data as a Service
RAM
Random Access Memory; also called main memory; most common type of volatile memory
ROM
Read Only Memory; refers memory chips storing permanent instructions; cannot be modified
The business wants to use a file management service, so you recommend ____.
Storage as a Service
Byte Address
a unique number that identifies the location of a byte in memory
Transistor
act as an electronic switch that opens or closes the circuits for electrical charges
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
adapter cards connects to musical instruments
Expansion Bus
allows the processor to communicate with peripheral devices
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
another component of the processor, performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations
CPU
central processing unit
Just as vehicles travel on a highway, bits travel on a _____.
circuit
You explain that when payroll software determines which employees should receive overtime based on hours worked, it is a result of ____.
comparison operation
CMOS
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Backside Bus (BSB)
connects the processor to cache
Which two components work together to perform processing operations?
control unit and arithmetic logic unit
Two commons types of RAM are ______ RAM and ______ RAM.
dynamic and static
How many bits equal one byte?
eight bits equal one byte.
ROM, Flash Memory, CMOS
examples of nonvolatile memory
When the ALU performs calculations on data, it is part of the ____ in the machine cycle.
executing process
System Clock
generates regular electronic pulses that set the operating pace of the unit system; controls the timing of all computer operations
Processor (CPU)
interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer
System Bus
is part of the motherboard and connects the processor to main memory; also called front side bus (FSB)
Peripheral devices
located outside the system unit
Nonvolatile Memory
permanent memory; does not lose its contents when the computer is turned off
Decoding
process of translating the instruction into signals the computer can execute
Motherboard
sometimes called a system board
Volatile Memory
temporary memory; loses its content when the computer's power is turned off
Chassis (system unit)
the case on a desktop that contains and protects the motherboard, hard drive, memory, and other electronic components; another name for system unit
Control Unit
the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer
Bit
the smallest unit of data a computer can process
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange)
to map characters to numeric values that a computer can process
Flash Memory
type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten
Address Bus
used to transfer information about where the data should reside in memory
The business wants to provide a common work environment of applications, security settings, and computing resources, without requiring all of these to reside on users' computers. You recommend ____.
virtual desktop