Computer Concepts
a wireframe
3-D graphics are based on vectors stored as a set of instructions describing the coordinates for lines and shapes in a threedimensional space. What do these vectors form?
Chromebook
A ___________ is a special category of laptop, designed to be connected to the Internet for most routine computing activities
path
A clipping ______ essentially cuts an object out of an image and knocks out the background to make it transparent.
server
A computer that is primarily used to serve data to other computers on a network is called a(n) ______________.
file format
A file name extension indicates the _______.
True
A file name extension indicates the file format.
byte
A group of eight bits is called a _______.
mainframe
A large, closet-sized computer capable of simultaneously processing data for hundreds or thousands of users is most likely a __________ computer.
rasterizing, rasterization
A vector graphic can be converted into a bitmap graphic through a process called _________.
audio plugin
A(n) _______ is software that works in conjunction with your computer's browser to manage and play audio that you are accessing from a Web page.
codec
A(n) _______ is the software that compresses a video stream when a video is stored, and decompresses the file when the video is played
computer
A(n) __________ is a multipurpose device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output, all according to a series of stored instructions.
seven
ASCII requires __________ bits for each character
False
ASCII text files contain formatting
True
All of the data stored and transmitted by digital devices is encoded as bits.
semiconducting, semiconductor
An integrated circuit is a set of microscopic electronic circuits etched onto a thin slice of ___________ material such as silicon
pixelation
An undesirable jagged appearance of a graphics image is referred to as _______.
capture
Analog footage can be digitized using video _____ equipment
supercomputer
At its time of construction, one of the fastest computers in the world is referred to as a(n) _________________.
compression
Bit rate can be scaled down by reducing the resolution and applying ____________ techniques.
pixel
Bitmap graphics are coded as a series of bits. Each bit represents the color of one ________.
pixels
Bitmap images are formed by a grid of _____.
False
Character data is composed of letters, symbols, and numerals that are used in calculations.
.zip
Compressed files usually have ______ at the end of the file name
data
Computers process __________ by performing calculations, modifying documents and pictures, drawing graphs, and sorting lists of words or numbers
system
Computers run three main types of software: application software, development tools, and _______ software.
compression
Image __________ refers to any technique that recodes the data in an image file so that it contains fewer bits.
histogram
Image editors provide an image __________ that can be used to adjust the brightness values for various ranges of dark, midrange, or light pixels
photosites, photosite
In a digital camera, a CCD's ________ correspond to pixels.
delimiter, delimiters
In a formatted text file, ________ signals the beginning and end of a formatting command
frame
In digital video, each bitmap image is referred to as a(n) __________.
form factor
In the computer industry, the term _________ refers to the size and dimensions of a device or components
cloning
In the context of bitmap graphics editing, what technique employs algorithms that pull pixels from one area of an image and then apply them to another area?
program, application
Instructions that tell a computer how to carry out processing tasks are referred to as a computer _______.
peripheral
Keyboards and printers are two examples of _________ devices.
False
Lossy compression provides a way to compress data and reconstitute it into its original state.
oleophobic
Many touchscreens have an _________ coating designed to repel the oils deposited by fingertips
memory
Most computers have temporary holding areas called __________.
interpolation
Most graphics software uses a process called pixel _________ to create new pixels by averaging the colors of nearby pixels
compressed
Most music for portable media players is stored in _______ audio file formats
personal computers
Originally called microcomputers, _________ are designed to meet the computing needs of individuals.
True
Plain, unformatted text is sometimes called ASCII text
rate
Sampling _______ refers to the number of times per second that a sound is measured during the recording process.
apps, app
Software applications are sometimes referred to as _______, especially in the context of handheld devices
phonemes, phoneme
Speech recognition software analyzes the sounds of your voice and converts each word into groups of ________.
binary
The 0s and 1s used to represent digital data are referred to as _________ digits.
binary
The _______ number system allows digital devices to represent virtually any number simply by using 0s and 1s.
system board, motherboard, main board
The ________ houses all essential chips and provides connecting circuitry between them
slate, tablet
The __________ form factor features a touchscreen that covers most of the device's surface
False
The binary number system has only two digits: 1 and 2
software
The collection of programs on a computer is referred to as _______________.
resolution
The dimensions of the grid that forms a bitmap graphic are referred to as image __________.
system board motherboard main board
The electronic components of most digital devices are mounted on a circuit board called a ______________.
lithium ion
The most popular battery type used in today's electronic devices is __________.
depth
The number of colors available in a graphic is referred to as color _________.
fps
The number of frames that are displayed per second is measured in _______.
system
The primary purpose of ________ software is to help the computer system monitor itself in order to function efficiently.
digitization
The process of converting information, such as text, numbers, photos, or music, into digital data that can be manipulated by electronic devices is called ___________.
rendering, render
The process of covering a wireframe with surface color and texture is called _________.
system unit
The term ________ refers to the part of a digital device that holds the system board.
samples, sample, sampling
To digitally record sound, __________ of a sound wave are collected at periodic intervals and stored as numeric data in an audio file
RGB
Today's color display devices represent color using the ______ color model
aspect ratio
Today's widescreen devices, such as laptops and smartphones, are designed for the 16:9 __________.
bits, bytes
Transmission speeds are expressed in _______, whereas storage space is expressed in _______.
sixteen
Unicode uses________ bits and provides codes for 65,000 characters.
ratio
Video compression can be expressed as a compression ______.
container
Video files are stored in ________ formats that hold the compressed video stream and an audio stream.
drawing software
What is another term for vector graphics software?
alpha blending
What is the term used to describes altering the pixel colors where the edges of the object and the background meet, so that the object appears to merge with the background?
letterbox
When 4:3 videos are displayed in a widescreen player, they are bordered by the black bars of a(n) _______.
vector
When you change the size of a(n) _______ graphic, the objects change proportionally and maintain their smooth edges.
.tif
Which of the following file extensions is NOT a vector graphic?
memory technology in your camera
Which of the following is NOT a factor in the quality of digital video?
DOC
Which of the following is NOT a format that is used for digital audio?
ZIP
Which of the following is NOT a type of bitmap format?
PNG
Which of the following is NOT a type of digital video container file?
laptop computer
Which of the following is an example of a computer that is a small, lightweight personal computer that is designed like a clam shell?
tablets ebook readers game consoles
Which of the following is based on computer technology?
ray tracing
Which of the following is the technique for adding light and shadows to a 3D image?
line art logos diagrams
Which of the following options are well suited for using vector graphics?
rendering tools ray tracing tools surface texture tools
Which of the following tools would be found in 3D graphics software?
Input, Output
______ is data that is entered into a computer. ______ is the result produced by a computer.
MIDI
______ specifies a standard way to store music data for synthesizers and computers.
Intraframe
_______ compression can be applied to each frame of a video
Interframe
________ compression stores only the pixels that change color from one frame to the next.
Numeric
________ data consists of numbers that can be used in arithmetic operations
Bit rate
________ is the number of bits that are processed during a specific unit of time, usually during one second.
speech recognition
_________ enables people to control software with spoken commands, as well as dictate text into a word processing document.
Clamshell, notebook, laptop
__________ devices have a keyboard as the base and a screen on the hinged cover
digital audio
__________ is music, speech, and other sounds represented in binary format for use in digital devices.
Speech synthesis
__________ is the process by which machines produce sound that resembles spoken words
Data
refers to the symbols that represent people, events, things, and ideas.
representation
Data __________ refers to the form in which data is stored, processed, and transmitted
compression
Data ____________ refers to any technique that recodes the data in a file so that it contains fewer bits
Information
Data becomes _______ when it is presented in a format that people can understand and use.
True
Data refers to the symbols that represent people, events, things, and ideas.
cinematography
Digital ________ captures moving images as bits, rather than on film
WMA WAV MP3
Digital audio is stored in a variety of file formats, including ___________.
text numbers graphics, sound, and video
Digital data can be __________ that have been converted into discrete digits such as 0s and 1s
digital television videoconferencing systems video messaging
Digital video is a core technology for which of the following
