Computer Forensics Test 1 (Chapters 1-4) Review Guide

List two items that should appear on a warning banner.

Access to this system and network is restricted and use of this system and network is for official business only.

What are two advantages and disadvantages of the raw format?

Advances for raw format are fast data transfers and the capability to ignore minor data read errors on the source drive. Disadvantages of raw format is that some raw format tools might not collect marginal (bad) sectors on the source drive.

What's the purpose of an affidavit?

Affidavit is often used to justify issuing a warrant or to deal with abuse in a corporation.

What is professional conduct, and why is it important?

Behavior expected of an employee in the workplace or other professional setting. It is important because it determines your credibility.

List three items that should be on an evidence custody form.

Case number, Investigating organization, Investigator

What do you call a list of people who have had physical possession of the evidence?

Chain of Custody

What should you consider when determining which data acquisition method to use?

Consider the size of the source (suspect) disk, whether you can retain the source disk as evidence or must return it to the owner.

When you perform an acquisition at a remote location, what should you consider to prepare for this task?

Determining whether there's sufficient electrical power and lighting and checking the temperature and humidity at the location.

List two types of digital investigations typically conducted in a business environment.

Email Abuse, and Internet Abuse

Which forensics tool can connect to a suspect's remote computer and run surreptitiously?

EnCase Enterprise, ProDiscover Investigator, and ProDiscover Incident Response

What items should your business plan include?

Explaining how much a benefit to the company the lab will be, being exact as possible of the price of the items, how many digital forensics examiners you will need, the training of them,the need of more than one lab, and the cost of security.

If a visitor to your digital forensics lab is a personal friend, it's not necessary to have him or her sign the visitor's log. True or False?

False

Small companies rarely need investigators. True or false?

False

The ASCLD mandates the procedures established for a digital forensics lab. True or False?

False

The plain view doctrine in computer searches is well-established law. True or False?

False

Under normal circumstances, a private-sector investigator is considered an agent of law enforcement. True or False?

False

You should always answer questions from onlookers at a crime scene. True or false?

False

You should always prove the allegations made by the person who hired you. True or False?

False

List two popular certification systems for digital forensics.

HTCN, EnCE

Why is physical security so critical for digital forensics labs?

If the security is not at an acceptable place, then the opposing party can argue that the information could have been tampered with.

What are the three rules for a forensic hash?

It can't be predicted, no two files can have the same hash value, and if the file changes, the hash value changes.

Identify two hashing algorithms commonly used for forensic purposes.

MD5 and SHA-1

Which organization provides good information on safe storage contianers?

NISPOM

With newer Linux kernel distributions, what happens if you connect a hot swappable device, such a USB drive, containing evidence?

Newer Linux distributions automatically mount the USB device, which could alter data on it.

What three items should you research before enlisting in a certification program?

Requirements, cost, and acceptability

List two features common with proprietary format acquisition files.

The option to compress or not compress image files of a suspect drive, thus saving target space. The capability to split an image into smaller segmented files for archiving purposes such as to CDs or DVDs, with data integrity checks integrated into each segment

Why should you critique your case after it's finished?

To determine what improvements you made during each case, what could have been done differently, and how to apply those lessons to future cases.

Why is it a good practice to make two images of a suspect drive in a critical investigation?

To ensure at least one good copy of the forensically collected data in case of any failures.

What's the purpose of maintaining a network of digital forensics specialists?

To have the option of calling on a specialist to help with a case you cannot solve

Why should evidence media be write-protected?

To make sure data can not be altered.

An employee can be held liable for e-mail harassment. True or False?

True

Computer peripherals or attachments can contain DNA evidence. True or false?

True

Data collected before an attorney issues a memo for an attorney-client privilege case is protected under the confidential work product rule. True or False?

True

EnCase, FTK, SMART, and ILookIX treat an image file as though it were the original disk. True or False?

True

FTK Imager can acquire data in a drive's host protected area. True or False?

True

For digital evidence, an evidence bag is typically made of antistatic material. True or False?

True

If a company doesn't distribute a computing use policy stating an employer's right to inspect employees' computers freely, including e-mail and Web use, employees have an expectation of privacy. True or false?

True

What are the necessary components of a search warrant?

You need an affidavit of the evidence to conduct an investigation

If a suspect computer is located in an area that might have toxic chemicals, you must do which of the following? (Choose all that apply.) A) Coordinate with a HAZMAT team B) Determine a way to obtain the suspect computer C) Assume the suspect computer is contaminated D) Do not enter alone

a. Coordinate with the HAZMAT team. c. Assume the suspect computer is contaminated.

With remote acquisitions, what problems should you be aware of? (Choose all that apply) a. Data transfer speeds b. Access permissions over the network c. Antivirus, antispyware, and firewall programs d. The password of the remote computer's user

a. Data transfer speeds b. Access permissions over the network c. Antivirus, antispyware, and firewall programs

Which of the following techniques might be used in covert surveillance? (Choose all that apply) A) Keylogging B) Data Sniffing C) Network logs

a. Keylogging b. Data sniffing refer to review sheets

The manager of a digital forensics lab is responsible for which of the following? (Choose all that apply) a. Making necessary changes in the lab procedures and software b. Ensuring that staff members have enough training to do the job c. Knowing the lab objectives d. None of the above

a. Making necessary changes in the lab procedures and software b. Ensuring that staff members have enough training to do the job c. Knowing the lab objectives

Corporate investigations are typically easier than law enforcement investigations for which of the following reasons? a. Most companies keep inventory databases of all hardware and software used b. The investigator doesn't have to gets a warrant c. The investigator has to get a warrant d. Users can load whatever they want on their machines

a. Most companies keep inventory databases of all hardware and software used.

As a corporate investigator, you can become an agent of law enforcement when which of the following happens? (Choose all that apply.) A) You begin to take orders from a police detective without a warrant or subpoena. B) Your internal investigation has concluded, and you have filed a criminal complaint and turned over the evidence to law enforcement. C) Your internal investigation begins D) None of the above

a. You begin to take orders from a police detective without a warrant or subpoena. b. Your internal investigation has concluded, and you have filed a criminal complaint and turned over the evidence to law enforcement.

What's the main goal of a static acquisition?

To preserve digital evidence.

To determine the types of operating systems needed in your lab, list two sources of information you could use.

Uniform crime report and finding out how many crimes occurred in the area.

What are two concerns when acquiring data from a RAID server?

amount of data storage needed, and the type of RAID server (0, 1, 5, etc.)

Police in the United States must use procedures that adhere to which of the following? a. Third Amendment b. Fourth Amendment c. First Amendment d. None of the above

b. Fourth Amendment

What's the most critical aspect of digital evidence?

validation

Large digital forensics labs should have at least " " exits.

1

What's the maximum file size when writing data to a FAT32 drive?

2 GB (a limitation of FAT file systems)

What does a logical acquisition collect for an investigation?

A logical acquisition captures only specific files of interest to the case or specific types of files

What is a hashing algorithm?

A program designed to create a binary or hexadecimal number that represents the uniqueness of a data set, file, or entire disk

What does a sparse acquisition collect for an investigation?

A sparse acquisition collects fragments of unallocated (detected) data.

If a suspect computer is running Windows 2000, which of the following can you perform safely? A) Browsing open applications B) Disconnecting power C) Either of the above D) None of the above

A) Browsing open applications refer to review sheets

Which organization has guidelines on how to operate a digital forensics lab?

ASCLD

Describe what should be videotaped or sketched at a computer crime scene.

Computers, cable connections, overview of scene—anything that might be of interest to the investigation

What are some ways to determine the resources needed for an investigation?

Determine the OS of the suspect computer & list the software to use for the examination.

Name two commercial tools that can make a forensics sector-by-sector copy of a drive to a larger drive.

EnCase, and ProDiscover

List three items that should be in your case report.

Explanation of basic computer and network processes, a narrative of what steps you took, and a description of findings.

A forensic workstation should always have a direct broadband connection to the Internet. True or False?

False

Digital Forensics and data recovery refer to the same activities. True or False?

False

Digital forensics facilities always have windows. True or False?

False

Evidence storage containers should have several master keys. True or False?

False

In a Linux shell, the f-disk -l command lists the suspect drive as /dev/hda1. Is the following dcfldd command correct? dcfldd if=image_file.img of =/dev/hda1

False The correct command is dcfldd if=/dev/hda1 of=image_file.img.

What's the ProDiscover remote access utility?

PDServer

How does ProDiscover Incident Response encrypt the connection between the examiner's and suspect's computer?

ProDiscover provides 256-bit AES or Twofish encryption with GUID and encrypts the password on the suspect's workstation.

Name the three formats for digital forensics data acquisitions.

Raw format, proprietary format, and advanced forensic format

Typically, a(n) lab has a separate storage area or room for evidence.

Regional

List three items that should be in an initial-response field kit.

Small computer toolkit, large-capacity drive, IDE ribbon cables

What term refers to labs constructed to shield EMR emissions?

TEMPEST

Of all the proprietary formats, which one is the unofficial standard?

The expert witness format is the unofficial standard.

Why should you do a standard risk assessment to prepare for an investigation?

You do a standard risk assessment to understand the risks that could halt to investigation.

The triad of computing security includes which of the following? a. Detection, response, and monitoring b. Vulnerability assessment, detection, and monitoring c. Vulnerability/threat assessment and risk management, network intrusion detection and incident response, and digital investigation d. Vulnerability assessment, intrusion response, and monitoring

c. Vulnerability/threat assessment and risk management, network intrusion detection and incident response, and digital investigation

Building a business case can involve which of the following? a. Procedures for gathering evidence b. Testing software c. Protecting trade secrets d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Policies can address rules for which of the following? a. When you can log on to a company network from home b. The Internet sites you can or can't access c. The amount of personal e-mail you can send d. Any of the above

d. Any of the above

In the Linux dcfldd command, which three options are used for validating data?

hash=, hashlog=, and vf=

You have been called to the scene of a fatal car crash where a laptop computer is still running. What type of field kit should you take with you?

initial-response field kit

Commingling evidence means what in a corporate setting?

sensitive corporate information being mixed with data collected as evidence

When you arrive at the scene, why should you extract only those items you need to acquire evidence?

to minimize how much you have to keep track of at the scene

If you discover a criminal act, such as murder or child pornography, while investigating a corporate policy abuse, the case becomes a criminal investigation and should be referred to law enforcement. True or false?

true

In the United States, if a company publishes a policy stating that it reserves the right to inspect computing assets at will, a corporate investigator can conduct covert surveillance on an employee with little cause. True or False?

true

In forensic hashes, a collision occurs when ________.

two files have the same hash value