Computer Hardware and Software (101)

Binary language consists of two digits, ________ and ________.

0; 1

A site on the Windows operating system where you can uninstall programs, adjust settings, and manage tasks is the ________.

Control panel

The ________ is a separate processor (computer) on your computer that enhances your video.

Graphic processor (GPU)

Today, the standard port for video and audio input on TV is the ________ port.

HDMI

The processor directly houses the ________ cache.

L1

All of the following are common ports that are included with laptop computers except ________.

MIDI ports.

Windows OS is owned and maintained by ________.

Microsoft

Which of the listed programs are used for creating documents, basic web pages, and desktop publishing?

Microsoft Word

A computer platform is commonly referred to as an ________ system or OS.

Operating

The information in ________ is dumped when a computer is shut down.

RAM

Which of the following is not a presentation software term?

Speaker Image

This type of connector is the most common type of connection to a computer for peripherals (printers, monitors, storage devices, etc.).

USB

The wireless network protocol is called ________.

Wi-Fi

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a ________.

bus

The data amount defining each color in a pixel is ________.

color depth

What is equal to one cycle per second?

hertz

The information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ________ when a computer is shut down.

not saved

What manages hardware and software, supports the computer's basic functions, and runs programs?

operating system

Many manufacturers have made ________ optional equipment when purchasing a new laptop computer.

optical drives

The smallest image element is a(n) ________.

pixel

A point in a computer (a hole or a slot) that accepts a specific connector is called a ________.

port

Devices allowing data to be retained when your computer is shut down are called ________ devices.

storage

What is the most powerful computer type?

supercomputer

A computer that is highly mobile, has a smaller OS, and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a ________.

tablet

Which has the most storage capacity?

terabyte

A kilobyte is equal to approximately one ________ bytes.

thousand

Since they are low-priced and reliable, ________ storage devices are extremely popular.

thumb drives (USB or flash drives)

Projective capacitive technology is used in many ________.

touchscreens

Used in a variety of devices including ATMs and point-of-sale terminals, ________ allow for the input of data with the use of a stylus or finger.

touchscreens

A terabyte equals approximately one ________ bytes?

trillion

Tiffany has purchased a new laptop. She noticed many unwanted programs came pre installed on her laptop. She wants to ________ the programs from her device so they do not take up storage space.

uninstall

Maintenance type tasks can be executed using ________ programs that are included with most operating systems.

utility

If you purchase a new graphics computer game or a new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ________ card.

video

The maximum number of bits per CPU instruction during one machine cycle is ________.

word size

CPU clock speeds of a personal computer range between ________.

2 to 4 gigahertz

The boot process consists of how many steps.

4

What is the minimum amount of RAM you should have on a laptop?

4 GB

A bus is a channel over which information flows. A bus has two parts: the ________ and the ________?

address bus; data bus

Combining a desktop's power with a clean look, ________ computers are popular with companies. However, their inability to expand makes them less popular with serious gamers.

all-in-one

A gigabyte equals approximately one ________ bytes.

billion

FireWire connectors were developed for ________ computers.

Apple

Lightning connectors and ports are used by which company?

Apple

A wireless short-range transmission protocol is called ________.

Bluetooth

A TV remote usually uses ________ waves.

Infrared (IR)

Today, many computers use ________, a coding scheme that uses at least 16 bits to represent a character.

Unicode

To measure screen size, measure ________ across the monitor.

diagonally

A megabyte equals approximately one ________ bytes?

million

Which type of touchscreen uses a single metallic-coated panel and uses electricity to calculate touch points?

projective capacitive

What is the primary purpose of fragmenting your hard drive?

reduces the time it takes to find files on a hard drive

How many bits equal a byte?

8

A ________ is the smallest unit of data that a computer can process.

bit

Megahertz is the same as a ________ cycles (or instruction) per second.

million

A laptop typically has ________ RAM than a smartphone.

more

Which of the following is a strength of the Android platform?

most widely used OS for smartphones and tablets

A processor that consists of one control unit and one ALU is called a ________.

single-core processor

The term "native resolution" refers to?

the number of pixels in a display

"Full HD" resolution is expressed as

1920 x 1080.

Most new laptop computers come with how much storage?

256 GB - 1 TB

When you buy a new laptop, how much RAM should it come with?

4-8 GB

Some computers use ________ to represent characters in a binary format.

ASCII

Since its radio waves pass through walls or desktops, ________-capable devices are very popular.

Bluetooth

Which of the following could have a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?

Dell desktop computer

What is the acronym for End-User Licensing Agreement?

EULA

An application that navigates all of the files and folders on your Mac is the ________.

Finder

The ________ computer creates images on your computer.

GPU

Which chip and manufacturing company is the largest in the world?

Intel

Megahertz abbreviation is ________.

MHz

Digital music devices are connected to computers using ________ ports.

MIDI

Which of the following might be risky to uninstall from a Windows PC laptop?

Microsoft Works 6-9 Converter

MIDI is an acronym that stands for?

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

________ runs the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer. This can increase performance and speed, but will also void the manufacturer warranty.

Overclocking

System BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is stored in ________.

ROM

The type of storage that retains data and information when the power is turned off is called ________.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

The two main factors that affect the speed of the processor are clock speed and ________.

bus width

Data flows between different computer parts via ________.

buses

In ASCII 8 bits are combined to create a ________.

byte

One ________ represents a letter, symbol, or number (one character) of information.

byte

Including RAM, modern processors keep frequent and temporary accessed data in ________.

cache

Clock speed, also known as ________, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and the digital device's instructions.

clock rate

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ________.

computer

Which device carries a relatively large footprint and separate system unit?

desktop

The correct way to measure the screen size of a computer monitor is?

diagonally from one corner to the other

When adding new hardware, such as a printer, to a computer you often have to add associated software that allows the printer to work with your computer's operating system. This associated software is called a ________.

driver

RAM is ________ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

The machine cycle consists of which four steps?

fetch, decode, execute, and store

Which of the following is a strength of the Linux platform?

free to download and use

Typical tablet computer or smartphone SSD capabilities are measured in ________.

gigabytes

The visual image output created by the computer is called ________.

graphics

The SSD cost is ________ than the traditional hard drive cost.

higher

Josh is taking an Intro to Computers course and needs to use Microsoft Office to complete a variety of assignments. He has purchased the software, now he must ________ it so he can start his assignments.

install

Which of the following represents the least amount of storage?

kilobyte

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ________ computer.

laptop

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ________ than data from the RAM.

slower

The average tablet has a ________ hard drive compared to the average desktop.

smaller

Most tablets and phones use ________ as their main storage device.

SSD