Computer Network

Network Interface Card (NIC)

It is a device that provides the interface between the computer and network.

Client-Server Model

It is a relationship between two computers in which one, the client, makes a service request from another, the server.

Latency

Time it takes for a bit to travel from its sender to its receiver.

Modem

A device on a network that enables a computer to connect to the internet over a telephone line.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A location or address identifying where documents can be found on the Internet; a Web address

Internet Protocol (IP) Address

A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet.

Subdomain

A portion of a URL that usually indicates a specific subdivision or server within a large site.

search engine

A software program you can use to find Web sites, Web pages, and Internet files.

Ethernet Cable

Cable that connects computers to the internet.

Peer-To-Peer

In this network, no single provider is responsible for being the server. Each computer stores files and acts as a server. Each computer has equal responsibility for providing data.

Computer Network

It is defined as two or more computer connected together to share information by cables or Wi-Fi

Packets

Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

The Internet standard protocol for transferring e-mail messages from one computer to another.

Bandwidth

The amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a given amount of time.

DNS (Domain Name System)

The service that translates URLs to IP addresses.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

The set of rules that controls the transfer of web pages. It is a protocol that allows web browsers to talk to web servers.

Wi-Fi

Wireless local area network that uses radio signals to transmit data

Internet

a computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open (nonproprietary) communication protocols

Directory

a location for storing files on your computer or server

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

a simple network protocol that allows the transfer of files between two computers on the internet

World Wide Web (WWW)

a system of linked pages, programs, and files.

Node

any active, physical, electronic device attached to a network.

Network Bridge

device dividing traffic on a local area network

Network Switch

device providing a central connection point for cable from workstations

Digital Divide

differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics

Transmission Control Protocol(TCP)

helps distinguish individual computers since there are millions on the Internet

top-level domain

last portion of a web name; includes examples such as ".com", ".org" or ".net"

Firewall

serves as a security device between a computer and Internet sites or between multiple computer networks

Protocols

technical rules governing data communication

domain name

text version of an IP address

host name

the first portion of a web name; often "www."

redundancy

the inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail

Domain

the location of a website

Path

the series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver

DSL (digital subscriber line)

A broadband Internet connection method that transmits digital signals over existing phone lines.

Internet Protocol (IP)

A communication standard that enables computers to route communications traffic from one network to another as needed.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

A company that provide Internet service and connectivity.

Wireless Network

A computer network that is not connected by cables of any kind.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

A computer network where two or more computers (or networks) are linked over a large area, such as a country or several countries.

Local Area Network (LAN)

A computer network where two or more computers are linked in close proximity. (Ex. School, Building, etc.)

Server

A computer that provide information to clients. It stores data to be used by other computers on a network. It responds to requests for data or files such as web pages.

Client

A computer that request information from a server. This computer is dependent on the server to provide and manage information.

Router

A device on a network that sends data via the most efficient route to travel to a specific location.

Wired Network

A network in which computers and other devices are connected to the network via physical cables.

Fault tolerant network

A network that can reroute traffic in case of device failure Built for quick recovery in the event of failure

Bus Network

A network where all the workstations, servers and printers are joined to one cable.

Ring Network

A network where each device (eg. workstation, server, printer) is connected in a ring so each one is connected to two other devices.

Star Network

A network where each device on the network has its own cable that connects to a switch or hub.

Network Topology

It is the different ways of setting up a Local Area Network (LAN).