Computers Ch 6 Vocab

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CPU stands for central _____ atom.

Processing

The _______ also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.

Processor

Computers are only able to recognize two states of 0's and 1's known as _____.

The binary system

A(n) ______ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process.

Bit

A ______ which is formed when 8 bits are grouped together, provides enough different combinations of 0's and 1's to represent 256 different characters.

Byte

The system ______, clock generates regular electronic pulses that set the operating pace of the system unit.

Clock

______ size is the number of bits the processor can interpret and execute at a given time.

Word

______ is a temporary storage area of memory and stores the contents of frequently used data or instructions.

Cache

The ____ is the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.

Control Unit

______ are ROM chips which contain permanently written data, instructions, or information.

Firmware

_________ helps speed the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.

Memory Cache

The _____ sometimes called a system board, is the main circuit board of the computer.

Motherboard

______, also called main memory, consists of memory chips that can be read from and within to by the processor and other devices.

RAM

_______ is nonvolitile and refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Each channel, called a _____, allows the various devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with one another.

Bus

A computer _______ is a small piece of semiconducting material integrated circuits are etched on.

Chip

A(n) _______ is a socket on a desktop or server motherboard that can hold an adapter card.

Expansion slot

______ is a type of nonvolatile memory which can hold start-up instructions and that can be erased electronically and rewritten.

Flash Memory


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