COMS101 - Public Speaking - Unit 1 (Challenge 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and Milestone 1)

At the end of the day, Olivia set aside time for the group to provide written and verbal feedback. Because the six participants were all American and were relatively the same age, all were generally comfortable giving and receiving criticism in this manner. Comments focused on each individual's learning and experience in the training and were specific and straight to the point. One member of the group was from a Japanese family, however, and relayed that Japanese business people might not feel as comfortable giving criticism to an instructor in this manner. Cultural differences play a role in giving and receiving criticism. Which piece of feedback below is representative of a society that ascribes to individualism? -"Janet, I've noticed that you have been doing a great job connecting with clients." -"Michael didn't meet his sales goal. I am disappointed that none of you helped him out." -"I wanted to speak to the entire sales team about issues when making cold calls." -"The reason we haven't done well this quarter is due to the fact that our employees did not adhere to their schedules."

"Janet, I've noticed that you have been doing a great job connecting with clients."

By the end of the training day, Olivia was worn out. Sean's disinterest had been taxing and she lost her train of thought when she heard his phone beep loudly. "Because you apparently don't know the basic rules of professional courtesy, Sean, I will ask you again to turn your phone off," snapped Olivia. "You've ruined the training today for everyone! I can only imagine how your manager and customers feel trying to communicate with someone as rude as you!" Sean stormed out of the room exclaiming, "I might have paid attention if there were any point to this training!" Olivia broke the rules for providing effective criticism by getting angry. Select the best alternative that follows the rules of providing effective criticism. -"I know we've all had a long day and covered a lot of material. I need you to listen and participate for one more short session. Everyone, please ensure that you are giving the material your undivided attention during the last part of the training." -"Sean, your phone use has distracted me, both as the speaker and a listener, a number of times during the session. More can be gained from the material in the final session by eliminating distractions and listening actively so you can contribute in the final group activity." -"Sean, I need you to improve your listening skills. If you can't, your customers will be frustrated by your lack of attention or ability to fully understand what they are saying because you are answering emails while they are talking." -"Please put the phone away, Sean. You haven't paid attention to anything since I've started. You clearly don't think the training is important or helpful, and your attitude is disrespectful and unprofessional. Part of being a good communicator is being able to listen and understand regardless of your opinion."

"Sean, your phone use has distracted me, both as the speaker and a listener, a number of times during the session. More can be gained from the material in the final session by eliminating distractions and listening actively so you can contribute in the final group activity."

Caroline is working on selecting a topic for her speech. Arrange the following speech-planning activities in the order in which Caroline should undertake them. 1. Caroline remembers that her speech needs to be under ten minutes long and about a current event, so she narrows her list of topics to ones that meet those criteria.2. Caroline sets her phone timer for one minute and makes a list of the most interesting stories she read online in the past week.3. Caroline outlines the speech's argument, three main ideas, and conclusion after she does some research. -2, 1, 3 -3, 1, 2 -1, 2, 3 -2, 3, 1

2, 1, 3

Caroline is done with her speech preparation, but she still will have time to make adjustments to her speech while she's speaking.From first to last, what order should these steps be placed in to correctly utilize audience analysis? 1. Caroline gets to class early and decides to go up to a group of older women who are in the class and start a conversation with them. She tells them how nervous she is about her presentation and asks them about their experiences working with younger children.2. Despite the large age gap, Caroline knows that most of the students in her class have lived in her town for most of their lives. They are also all clearly interested in the educational practices that most benefit young children.3. During her speech, Caroline realizes that her audience isn't responding well to the memes she included in her presentation. She decides to explain to her audience what a meme is and notices that they start to laugh at the next few that come up.4. Caroline sits down with her teacher to find out a little more about the rest of the students in their class. She learns that half of the students are considered to be non-traditional because they are coming back to education after having worked for 10-20 years. She learns that 60 percent of the class is over the age of 35. -4, 2, 1, 3 -1, 4, 2, 3 -4, 1, 2, 3 -2, 4, 1, 3

4, 2, 1, 3

Which of the following actions best fits the remembering stage of the listening process? -A husband realizes that his wife's frustration is most likely due to the fact that she had a bad day at work. -A husband listens to his wife express her frustration with their daughter. -A husband shuts the door so that the argument he and his wife are having can't be heard by their child. -A husband tells his wife that her frustration with their child is similar to how his mother used to get upset with him.

A husband tells his wife that her frustration with their child is similar to how his mother used to get upset with him.

Part of the communication training focused on building rapport with a customer through active listening and questioning. "It's important to build a relationship during every customer interaction," Olivia said. "For example, if you are on the phone with a hardware store owner who is struggling with debt, tell them you understand because your father owned a small business and was put out of business by a large chain. They'll think you can relate." Nora leaned over to Sean and whispered, "I'm not going to lie to customers to get them to buy from me. Isn't that unethical?" Which of the following behaviors would also be considered unethical? -A local restaurant owner posts a sign that says, "Best BBQ in the tri-state area!" when no such award has actually been given. -A public speaking student includes a works-cited page to support her in-text citations. -A motivational speaker always begins his speech with a quote by Vince Lombardi. -A publishing firm gives a presentation about the features of its new textbook.

A local restaurant owner posts a sign that says, "Best BBQ in the tri-state area!" when no such award has actually been given.

At the close of the meeting, the secretary of the council asked for agenda items for next month, and said, "We currently have the following items on the agenda: the greenbelt, town history, and tax revenue."She looked at Tony and quipped, "Should I put you down for next month, Tony? We figured you might have a new career in public speaking." The audience laughed as Tony shook his head and said, "I think I'll stick to dentistry for now." The type of speech a speaker prepares is determined by the purpose, audience, context, and topic of the speech. Which of the following is a persuasive speech topic? -A toast welcoming people to the yearly "Founder's Day" -A speech arguing in favor of a tax on cigarettes -An explanation of how often the greenway has been used by community members ages 30-55 -An analysis of how the town's tax revenue was allocated in past years

A speech arguing in favor of a tax on cigarettes

Bryan and David are two of Caroline's classmates. They posted a video online of themselves practicing their speeches, which they promised would "make the class fall off their chairs from laughing so hard." Caroline watched the video in front of her mother, and Lisa looked over her shoulder. Lisa shook her head. "A public-speaking assignment in college in front of your peers and professors, which will be graded, is not an appropriate time for a comedy skit," Lisa replied. "It's important to match the type of speech, content, and format to the occasion, audience, and purpose for speaking."Which of the following describes a speech that is meant to entertain the audience? -Children should avoid all sweets before the age of two. -A toast to celebrate the achievements of everyone at the bakery -It is extremely dangerous to allow children to use knives and other sharp baking tools. -Baking shows are the third most popular type of TV programming.

A toast to celebrate the achievements of everyone at the bakery

Which of the following is an example of a persuasive speech? -Adrien delivers a speech to his classmates about the benefits of shopping at the farmer's market, rather than buying their groceries at a large store. -As valedictorian, Kevin delivers a speech to his classmates at his graduation ceremony. -Marta gives a speech to her daughter's physics class about her job as a rocket engineer. -Franklin makes a speech to the employees about the new benefits packages, and how to sign up for them.

Adrien delivers a speech to his classmates about the benefits of shopping at the farmer's market, rather than buying their groceries at a large store.

Determine which of the following speeches is primarily meant to persuade. -An executive of an advertising agency describes the effects of a corporate restructuring plan. -An actor at a fundraiser asserts why a politician is worth donating money to. -A police chief describes a number of security precautions that will be in effect during a blackout. -A union leader toasts his predecessor at a retirement dinner.

An actor at a fundraiser asserts why a politician is worth donating money to.

Which scenario is the best example of culture getting in the way of effective communication? -The music that Andrew used in his presentation was too loud for the conference room. -Andrew told jokes to increase audience engagement. -Andrew's examples were primarily focused on statistics. -Andrew wore a suit and tie while making his speech, but his audience was in shorts and t-shirts.

Andrew wore a suit and tie while making his speech, but his audience was in shorts and t-shirts.

Select the statement on public speaking that most closely relates to St. Augustine. -Thought of rhetoric as a way of finding a means of persuasion -Argued for the continued development of rhetorical ideas that originated hundreds of years before -Developed a five-step process for creating a persuasive speech -Believed morality required speakers to have a high degree of accountability

Argued for the continued development of rhetorical ideas that originated hundreds of years before

Tony was scheduled to deliver a speech. He hadn't thought much about public speaking and never studied communication when he was in dental school, so he was surprised to learn that different techniques and philosophies could help him prepare his speech. One of his fellow dentists brought in a book from his daughter's communication class titled Argue Like a Greek. To Tony's surprise, the suggestions and advice in the book incorporated lessons that dated back 2,500 years. Which of the following historical figures defined rhetoric as the "faculty of discovering the possible means of persuasion in reference to any subject whatever"? -Aristotle -St. Augustine -John Quincy Adams -Francis Bacon

Aristotle

Caroline's marketing class and the early education class have slightly different demographics. The average age of the students in both is 25. Many students in both classes are working students who are taking the class to enhance their business or work experience. Most students in the marketing class are male, and most students in the education class are female. While most of the students in the education class are from the local area and share religious and cultural backgrounds, the marketing class is more diverse; in addition, the class includes a group of 30 international students from Japan. The education class has a large group of Young Democrats, and the international students in the marketing class have recently formed the college's first Japanese society. Evaluate the advice below, and select the true statement about audience analysis. -The speakers need to ignore information about gender, ethnicity, age, and religion when writing a speech to ensure that they avoid bias. -The members of the Japanese society will most likely share the same reaction to any speech because they are part of the same group. -Audience members who are part of a primary group that is more long-lasting, such as the political group, will share experiences with the other group members that shape their beliefs, attitudes, and world views. -The formal and self-directed education levels in both audiences are examples of secondary group memberships.

Audience members who are part of a primary group that is more long-lasting, such as the political group, will share experiences with the other group members that shape their beliefs, attitudes, and world views.

After Caroline drafted her speech, she practiced it in front of her parents, her younger brother, and her grandmother. After Caroline finished, everyone gave her some feedback. "You talked so fast at the start that I missed the background on the bakery, your job, and the preschool groups the bakery hosts. Try to speak more slowly," Caroline's father said. "I thought it was very interesting," said her grandmother, "but I think you have a few typos in the slides." "Those are abbreviations, Grandma!" Caroline explained. Caroline's speech would need to be written and presented differently if she were presenting to different audiences. Which piece of advice would be most appropriate for an audience of families at the local Jewish Community Center? -Be sure you are using the term "partner" instead of always assuming the married pair is "husband and wife." -Avoid using Christmas-related examples in the speech. -Avoid using too much contemporary slang in the presentation. -Review the speech for ethnocentric phrases to ensure you avoid any prejudicial information.

Avoid using Christmas-related examples in the speech.

Sean didn't see how Olivia was going to help him improve his paycheck by teaching him communication skills again. He thought the training was a waste of time. Which rule of listening did Sean violate? -Don't cause excessive noise -Be open-minded -Eliminate distractions -Demonstrate active listening

Be open-minded

After writing a list of speech ideas, Caroline underlined the three topics she liked best. Lisa read the list: an assault in the city park, schoolchildren who visited her bakery, how to wear ankle boots. She and Caroline agreed that the bakery was a safe topic that Caroline was both interested in and knowledgeable about. Choose the option that would best help Caroline scope her topic. -One of her friends tells her that no one eats gluten anymore, so Caroline decides to narrow her topic to gluten-free options that are available at the bakery. -Caroline creates a survey to distribute to her audience so that she can identify what aspect of baking they would be most interested in hearing about. -Because Caroline's audience is elementary-education students and she only has ten minutes, she decides to present on how baking can be used to teach preschool children physical and cognitive skills. -Caroline finds a blog she really likes by a mother who bakes with her children and decides to read recipes from the blog in her speech.

Because Caroline's audience is elementary-education students and she only has ten minutes, she decides to present on how baking can be used to teach preschool children physical and cognitive skills.

Susan, one of the town council members, watched the reaction of the public to the speakers. The audience sat with their arms crossed or checked their phones. Susan leaned over to her colleague and whispered, "He owes half of this audience money from his last project. I don't care how convincing he is; no one will listen to him. I will give him credit though; his speech is very well developed and incredibly persuasive." Susan's reaction to the speaker reflects a specific perspective from the Classical period of Greek and Roman scholars and orators who began the formal study of public speaking. Select the historical figure who is credited for creating the five step process of developing a persuasive speech, a process that is still used today. -Aristotle -Socrates -Plato -Cicero

Cicero

Elaine's boss asks her to take notes on Mark's client presentation and then discuss it with him. Elaine supervises Mark and has already noted that he struggles with his tone when speaking publicly, which is hindering his ability to pitch advertising campaigns. Mark is presenting to a prospective new client who is looking for a company to market their clothing line. The company recently expanded their line to include new children's items. Mark missed last week's briefing on the client and prepared a pitch based on adult clothes. Mark failed to consider which public speaking best practice? -Maintaining eye contact -Rehearsing his presentation beforehand -Paying attention to feedback -Considering his audience's interests

Considering his audience's interests

After listening to Tony at the meeting, one of the real-estate developers decided to redesign her housing project in a neighboring town to include safer pedestrian access and more affordable units. Which type of public speaking benefit is described by this example? -Personal -Networking -Internal -External

External

She was passionate about the message she planned to deliver when she made her graduation speech. However, she didn't know that her speech would be live-streamed on social media. Later that evening, after delivering her speech, Jennifer logged on to her social media account. She saw that her speech had been shared and viewed by over 3,000 strangers. Reading the encouraging comments and realizing how many people had acknowledged her call to action, made her feel great. What factor explains this great feeling that Jennifer received from public speaking? -Networking -Professional advancement -Personal satisfaction -External influence

External influence

Which of the following scenarios describes an effective way to give criticism? -Reminding the speaker that audiences remember mistakes for a long time -Using evaluative language, including "you are wrong" -Focusing on the behavior that could be changed in an objective way -Beginning the criticism with a list of ways in which the speech should have been given

Focusing on the behavior that could be changed in an objective way

There were four other members of the hardware sales team that Olivia was training. While some in the training group nodded along, or asked questions that built upon the material, others spent more time listening and needed Olivia to repeat or clarify certain points. The members of the training group moved through the listening process at different paces based on their own learning style and approach to listening. Speakers need to be aware of different types of responses and what they say about how their message is reaching their audience. Select the action that characterizes the "responding" stage of listening. -Thinking about the examples given in the context of a book you've read recently -Reflecting on an experience you had as a child that made you feel the same way the speaker feels -Furrowing your brow after hearing information you've found confusing -Considering a speaker's motivations and goals and how they compare to your own

Furrowing your brow after hearing information you've found confusing

Determine which action by Jacob best fits the evaluating stage of the listening process. -Jacob realized that the rise in crime the politician cited as justification for his policies might have been an anomaly. -Jacob overheard the person in front of him share his take on the politician's views. -Jacob moved up a few rows in the auditorium in order to better make out what the politician was saying. -Jacob realized the politician was in favor of stricter sentences for drug offenders.

Jacob realized that the rise in crime the politician cited as justification for his policies might have been an anomaly.

James is the newly-appointed director of product development. He plans to host a breakfast for his new team members on Monday, at which he will give a speech. Which of James's speeches has the purpose of informing his audience? -James will speak to his employees about his desire to purchase a new operating system, and will ask them to vote for or against the purchase. -James will present an award for employee of the month, and discuss what the winner had done well during the past month. -James will speak to his team about the large number of homeless people in town and why the company should collect canned goods to donate to the food shelter. -James will speak about where he has worked previously, why he is excited to be in this new position, and where he believes the company should go from here.

James will speak about where he has worked previously, why he is excited to be in this new position, and where he believes the company should go from here.

Which of the following statements represents the thesis of a speech? -Local banks should use social media to connect with the college community. -College students' banking habits -Local bankers spend five hours a week meeting with college students. -15% of college students have a savings account.

Local banks should use social media to connect with the college community.

Which of the following situations represents the actions of an unethical speaker? -Melissa says that everyone who has tried the new software loves it, even though it has not been tested. -Doug introduces himself as a financial advisor and informs his audience that he will be getting a cut of any insurance policy sales. -Dana informs the town council about the negative effects the proposed tax cuts will have. -In her speech, Martha mentions that she once consulted for the politician she is now endorsing.

Melissa says that everyone who has tried the new software loves it, even though it has not been tested.

Nick was another speaker at the meeting. He dressed in a jacket and a pair of khakis and arrived early to ensure his laptop worked properly with the projection system. Nick began his speech by introducing himself; he nodded at colleagues and friends in the crowd as he made eye contact. He realized as he spoke that he hadn't been around town very much since he started working in the city. "Oh, well—nothing really changes around here anyway," he thought as he began his second slide. Townspeople continued to enter the rear of the room during the speech. When he heard the rear door banging, Nick looked to the back of the room and realized that dozens of people were squeezing into the space and most were whispering among themselves. Select the statement that best describes the environmental barrier to effective communication that Nick encountered during his speech. -Nick did not adapt his presentation to the physical context of the room and the anticipated crowd. -Nick's attire was too casual for an important town meeting and hurt his presentation. -Nick displayed age and cultural bias by using technology in his presentation because not everyone in town owns or can use a laptop. -Nick failed to engage his audience through eye contact while speaking.

Nick did not adapt his presentation to the physical context of the room and the anticipated crowd.

Nora and Sean are salespeople at a hardware distribution company. Nora has just joined the company, and Sean is a 10-year veteran. Both attended a full-day training session about building effective communication with customers delivered by Olivia, a member of human resources. Because Nora is new to the company, this was her first training session with Olivia. Sean has attended many of these sessions before. After Olivia announced the agenda for the day's training, she introduced an interactive activity and distributed a handout. Nora's previous employer used the same activity and handout in a similar training, so she was happy that she wouldn't be completely lost. Which of the following examples would be classified as unintentional plagiarism? -Olivia reads from the employee handbook while the group follows along. -Olivia pastes the description of a product from the Internet in her presentation without attribution. -Olivia praises her assistant's idea and promises to mention it to their supervisor in a meeting. -Olivia paraphrases ideas she learned about when reading a blog, but forgets to cite the blog.

Olivia paraphrases ideas she learned about when reading a blog, but forgets to cite the blog.

In the afternoon, Olivia played a recording of a phone call between a customer and one of the company's account managers. Nora was surprised to hear that the account manager listened more than she spoke while the customer talked about his difficulty selling building materials during the previous quarter.The account manager asked probing questions and repeated key points back to the customer before suggesting actions to improve sales in the next quarter. Olivia also pointed out that the next time the account manager heard from this customer, she was able to recall the conversation. There are five stages of listening. __________ is the stage during which the listener provides verbal and/or nonverbal reactions, while __________ is the stage during which the listener categorizes and retains the information gathered from the speaker. -Understanding, evaluating -Responding, remembering -Remembering, responding -Evaluating, receiving

Responding, remembering

Sandy had to give a toast at a party for her parents' 50th wedding anniversary. Sandy and her siblings organized the party as a surprise for their parents. Sandy's mother-in-law was at the party, and her husband had just passed away the previous month. They were married 45 years, and he died suddenly of a heart attack. Determine which of the following circumstances describes an environmental context that will affect Sandy's speech. -Sandy's sister-in-law put together a slide show to go with the toast, and it was difficult to see with the lights on. -Sandy's mother-in-law was grieving her husband's death and could not stay interested. -Sandy noticed that most of the party attendees were older than 50 and would not share her taste in music. -Sandy chose to wear an elegant green dress to the party, and she realized several other women were wearing something similar.

Sandy's sister-in-law put together a slide show to go with the toast, and it was difficult to see with the lights on.

Caroline's mother, Lisa, finds a recent presentation she made to the school board about school lunches and shows it to Caroline as an example.Which of the following is the topic of the speech? -National public health programs promote healthy eating for young children in schools. -Schools should invest the extra money necessary to provide healthy lunch options for students. -School nutrition budgets -To help the school board better understand the school cafeteria's expenses

School nutrition budgets

Tony's last patient of the day asked whether he prepared for his speech or decided to "wing it." Tony laughed and said the only way he can get up and speak in front of an audience is with a lot of preparation.After practicing with his kids, he realized that he needed to focus his speech on the two most important measurable changes he wished to see. Which public speaking best practice did Tony use? -Soothing one's nerves -Analyzing the audience -Using feedback -Scoping the speech

Scoping the speech

Sean didn't engage in active listening techniques throughout the entire HR training about the communication techniques that improve relationships with customers. He looked unprofessional in front of his colleagues. The next day was worse because Sean's boss asked him to apply the communication principles taught in the training in a presentation on sales metrics to senior management the following week.If Sean had participated in all degrees of active listening, he might have been able to better apply what he learned for his boss. Select the option that would demonstrate the "reflecting" degree of active listening. -Sean sat down with his boss and said, "I think the most important thing Olivia taught us was the importance of connecting emotionally with your client to better understand and meet their needs." -Sean recalled some of the key points Olivia made, specifically when she said, "The best way to understand a client is to think of a specific time when you were experienced the same thing as them." -Sean decided to show his boss pictures from the training where he and their teammates were actively involved in Olivia's exercises and discussions. -Sean told his boss that Olivia often talked about the importance of finding connections with the client, thinking about a specific time when you have had a similar experience to them, and really trying to put yourself into their shoes.

Sean sat down with his boss and said, "I think the most important thing Olivia taught us was the importance of connecting emotionally with your client to better understand and meet their needs."

Tony finally got up to speak. In the audience were Mike, a neighbor of Tony's, and Lynn, the guidance counselor at the local high school. While Tony paused to answer a question, Mike leaned over to Lynn. "What do you think of the speeches so far? Isn't Tony doing a great job?" asked Mike. Lynn replied, "Fabian might have had a nice slideshow, but Tony really knows what's important. I'm happy to finally hear someone talk about the effects on the schools in that other town where Fabian's company just built a similar development. It feels like Tony really understands my concerns and that sometimes no amount of money outweighs the consequences," said Lynn. Choose which best practice in public speaking differentiates Tony's speech from Fabian's, according to Lynn and Mike. -Creating a well-organized structure with a clear thesis -Achieving effective vocal delivery -Responding to verbal and visual cues -Tailoring the message based on audience analysis

Tailoring the message based on audience analysis

Olivia then played a recording of a phone call between Colin, a sales associate from New York, and Grace, an elderly hardware store owner in the South. In the conversation, Colin wanted to send Grace emails despite her assertion that she is not sure how to open the electronic quotes and would prefer to order over the phone.Which type of communication barrier is represented in this scenario? -Culture -Technology -Gender -Physical

Technology

"I wish I could just record my speech. It would be so much easier!" moaned Caroline. Lisa replied, "I really don't see why this is making you so nervous; you post videos and pictures of yourself online constantly. That audience is a lot bigger and much harsher than the one you're going to speak to tomorrow. Think about the context. You have a friendly and receptive audience tomorrow. Everyone will feel equally nervous. You share many of the same opinions and interests, and kids and baking are topics that usually don't create controversy," Lisa said. Caroline thought for a minute before replying, "You're right. Thank goodness we don't have to debate marriage equality or something." What contextual factor is Caroline considering if she begins her speech with a question to the audience about the best way to bake bread? -The knowledge of the audience about the topic -The audience's opinion of you and your topic -The number of audience members -The physical context of the speech

The knowledge of the audience about the topic

Which of the following is an example of a physical contextual factor that James should consider when preparing for his speech to the CEO of a social media company? -James has heard that the CEO appreciates a firm handshake at the end of meetings. -There will be no podium on which James can put his note cards. -The company has a dress code that doesn't allow employees to wear jeans at work. -The CEO has only worked at the company for the past three years.

There will be no podium on which James can put his note cards.

Lisa read Caroline more excerpts from the speech she recently made to the school board about nutrition. Lisa had adapted the speech for the school board, which was mostly made up of volunteers interested in town politics and their local school system. She had given different versions of the speech before to pediatricians and primary care practitioners within the hospital network, and to local public health officials who were developing and implementing city public health programs aimed at children and families. Select the term that is used incorrectly in the scenario below: Lisa adapted her topic based on her analysis of the audience's demographics. She was able to work within her perceptual framework to understand her audience's views on the topic. Her aim was to identify with the audience's perspective and ensure that her message was written in a way to best help her audience decode it. She imagined a theoretical audience in order to practice her speech each time she changed it. -Within -Perspective -Decode -Theoretical

Within

Lara was halfway through her speech when she realized that her references to 1980's musical groups had not been understood by her fifth-grade listeners. She decided to use the current number-one boy band in her next example. Lara remembered the public speaking best practice of __________. -dressing professionally -maintaining eye contact -focusing on a thesis -analyzing the audience

analyzing the audience

As part of a course assignment for her marketing class, Caroline needs to give a ten-minute speech in front of an elementary education class. Caroline is terrified and has no idea what to speak about. It is especially important for Caroline to scope her speech because it makes writing easier and increases the likelihood of __________. -audience comprehension -smooth delivery -confidence -finding evidence

audience comprehension

Speakers want well-organized speeches in order to keep their audiences engaged. When developing a speech, a speaker must select a topic, a purpose, and a thesis. In order to come up with a topic for a speech, a speaker can try __________, a method of problem solving in which individuals or group members contribute ideas quickly and spontaneously. -defining a thesis -brainstorming -scoping -determining areas of interest

brainstorming

When soliciting information, sometimes a speaker will __________, which enables him or her to ask questions that can tailor the information received in real-time. -conduct an interview -use a Likert-type scale -issue a questionnaire -use direct observation

conduct an interview

Olivia asked the group to focus on the initial stages of the listening process and make suggestions to improve Colin's communication with his customer. Nora said, "If your listener can't register or process your words, then she definitely won't understand, so Colin should match Grace's pace and tone. He might need to turn up the phone volume and slow down." "Those are both good points," said Olivia. In the second listening stage, the listener must accurately identify certain sounds as words and determine the __________ and meaning to comprehend what he or she has heard. -segmentation -accents -context -language

context

Alejandro was surprised to read negative feedback on his course reviews at the end of the semester. He thought that his students would have been grateful that he had dismissed them from class early on Friday afternoons, as was customary when he taught in Grenada. Unfortunately, many of his current students felt that they weren't receiving his full attention. In this example, Alejandro failed to account for __________ when considering his audience. -gender -age -culture -race

culture

Tony is a local dentist and father of three young children. He does not like public speaking, but his neighborhood association asked him to represent their concerns about the traffic, noise, and population increase that could result from a proposed housing development at a town council meeting last week. The audience at the public meeting consisted of town members, small-business owners, and builders. Fabian, an investor in the proposed development and a practiced public speaker, was scheduled to speak before Tony. Tony was confident that his message was clear and well-researched, but he feared he couldn't compete with Fabian's smooth delivery. The speech communication model includes five elements of speech. Tony is most nervous about how the receiver will respond to his content and delivery, so his concerns relate to the __________ element of the speech model. In Tony's speech, he is in a room with his audience. This is an example of a(n) __________ channel. -feedback, co-located -sender, computer-mediated -message, asynchronous -audience, video

feedback, co-located

Andrea is nervous about presenting her research findings at the local steel-worker's union meeting. She knows that her information will be appreciated, but she wants to make sure that her speech is well received too. Although she included stories provided by men she met while conducting her research, she knows that the union has female members too. She revises her speech, using more inclusive language. In the situation above, Andrea attempts to account for __________ in her speech. -religion -race -age -gender

gender

Amy was frustrated because her principal used most of their curriculum meeting time to explain the process of how they chose the new reading curriculum. As a teacher, she needed to know how the curriculum worked, not how they chose it. Because of this, she found it difficult to focus on what her principal was saying.This situation demonstrates how __________ leads to poor listening. -focusing on style, not substance -auditory distractions -low concentration -lack of prioritization

lack of prioritization

The day after the town council meeting, one of Tony's patients asked Tony if he had lots of experience in public speaking. Tony laughed and responded that dental school didn't put too much emphasis on public speaking.The patient then said, "Fabian should stick to making toasts in the future. He always had people in stitches when he gave toasts at the golf club or at weddings, but he really alienated people at the public meeting." Special occasion speeches differ from persuasive or informative speeches in that they are given at special events. They use rhetorical techniques such as __________ to engage the audience. -evidence -credibility -pathos -logic

pathos

Mandy finished watching her student, James, make a speech about the research on which they had worked all summer. When James finished, Mandy told him that just listing sources at the end of the speech was ineffective. She was tired of trying to help James, and didn't care whether he improved, but she thought that she should tell him something. Mandy's feedback was not effective criticism because it was not __________. -specific -relevant -positive -objective

positive

Chuck recently heard an economist speak about "the incredible benefits of depositing an extra 10% each month in your retirement account... think of all that you could buy in years to come if you save a little now." At dinner, Chuck told his wife that he wanted to start deducting more money from their paychecks and depositing it in their retirement accounts. He told her that this would be a great way for them to save for the beach house they wanted. Chuck was engaged in the act of __________ when he told his wife why he wanted to start saving more money for retirement. -repeating -paraphrasing -remembering -reflecting

remembering

Tony was reviewing his cue cards as Fabian spoke. Fabian presented a graph illustrating the predicted five-year growth in tax revenue for the town from the housing development. Tony looked back at his cue cards and worried that he should have made a PowerPoint presentation too. Then Tony noticed that most of the crowd was not paying attention. Local townspeople were angrily whispering to those around them, while others sat with their arms crossed or looked at their phones. The only people who seemed to be listening were a few real estate agents and the town council. Fabian, as the speaker or __________, ignored the most important element of the speech communication model when preparing and giving his speech. Considering the demographics of the audience would have helped Fabian more effectively send his message to the __________. -receiver, sender -sender, receiver -distraction, council -expert, population

sender, receiver

Rodrigo was eager to make a presentation on the benefits of improvisation in the workplace. When he arrived in the conference room, he realized that seven bankers would attend the presentation via computer conferencing from offices in other states. This presentation provides an example of __________. -asynchronous communication -co-located communication -in-person communication -synchronous communication

synchronous communication