Conservation of Energy Review Quiz

A triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem's loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem's food chain; each row in it represents a trophic feeding level in an ecosystem, and the area of a row represents the energy stored in that trophic level.

Energy pyramid

Plant cells contain a green pigment called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll has a role in the process of photosynthesis. What does chlorophyll do?

absorbs light energy from the sun

The process of cellular respiration is important for survival. How do humans obtain the reactant glucose?

eating

Substance / Number or Calories of Heat: Substance #1: 80; Substance #2: 0 ; The substances in the table are combined, and Substance 1 loses 40 calories of heat. How many calories of heat will Substance 2 eventually gain?

40

There are two kinds of cellular respiration: aerobic respiration, which uses oxygen, and anaerobic respiration, which does not use oxygen. What is produced by both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

ATP

Bradley is standing on the top of a mountain holding a soccer ball. Which of these best describes what happens when he throws the ball over the edge?

Both the kinetic and potential energy change, but the total energy remains constant.

The movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back

Carbon cycle

The law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another

Law of conservation of energy

The law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes.

Law of conservation of mass

Which of these statements is true of ecosystems?

Matter given off by one ecosystem is taken in by the surrounding environment.

Plants make their own food during photosynthesis. In what group do plants belong?

Producers

Companies are burning coal through combustion to produce electricity. The amount of electrical energy produced is less than the amount of stored potential energy found in coal. Which best explains this observation?

Some of the potential energy in the coal is converted into heat energy.

What is energy?

The ability to do work

Jill activates a reusable hand warmer on a chilly day. As it warms her hands, the liquid inside the warmer crystallizes. Describe the process.

The energy of the supersaturated liquid is converted to heat as the compound crystallizes.

If a track star runs down the runway in the high jump event faster, he will be able to jump to a greater height. This is explained by the conservation of energy. Which statement best explains this idea?

The kinetic energy before the jump is converted to potential during the jump.

Two iron rods are placed horizontally, touching end-to-end. One end of one rod is heated. After some time, the other rod also feels warm to touch. How did the heat travel from the heated rod to the one that was not heated?

The molecular movement in the first rod transferred energy to the molecules in the second.

Which of the following statements about energy pyramids is true?

The smallest proportion of organisms are found in the top level.

A piece of solid copper, at 10oC, is dropped into a graduated cylinder of 100°C water. Which statement BEST describes the change in heat energy in this system? 100 points

Water temperature decreases; copper temperature increases.

Green plants and algae make their own food through photosynthesis. What is photosynthesis?

a cell process that uses energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into food

Conduction occurs more easily between solids and liquids. This is because the particles in gases are:

farther apart and move faster

Maria's father started a fire in the fireplace. He crumpled some paper, lit a match, and soon the logs in the fireplace were burning. In this case, the stored chemical energy in the logs was changed into:

heat and light energy.

This process of heat transfer by conduction would NOT work __________

in space.

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

matter

An illustration above depicts a spring being compressed and then released. Changes in both potential and kinetic energy occur during this process. Which statement most accurately describes the changes in potential or kinetic energy?

the potential energy is increasing through steps A & B, then decreases at C.

According to the graph, which of the these remains constant throughout?

total amount of energy