COU 570 Final

Helpers encourage clients to develop new and creative ways of thinking because: a) client may be able to generalize them to other situations b) few options genuinely exist for most problems c) clients do not see the world clearly d) all of the above

a) client may be able to generalize them to other situations

The second step of reflecting feelings is: a) identifying the feeling b) articulating the underlying emotions c) asking what the client feels d) none of the above

a) identifying the feeling

There are 4 types of summarizing skills that include all EXCEPT: a) intentional summaries b) signal summaries c) focusing summaries d) thematic summaries

a) intentional summaries

In working with people, ________ refers to the roles that each sex is taught. a) sex roles b) gender c) identity d) none of the above

b) gender

"Joining skills" with children that form the basis of interactions, particularly in first sessions include: a) invitational, reflecting, and goal setting b) invitational, reflecting, and advanced reflecting c) invitational, reflecting feelings, and goal setting d) invitational, reflecting, and challenging

b) invitational, reflecting, and advanced reflecting

When reflecting feelings, ________ occurs when the helper reflects a feeling that is more intense than the client expressed. a) undershooting b) overshooting c) maximizing d) magnifying

b) overshooting

Goal attainment scaling best use is: a) demonstrating accountability b) provide information about progress c) identifies presenting issues d) none of the above

b) provide information about progress

The following are ways counselors can be proactive in reflecting in their practice EXCEPT: a) become a client b) read professional articles c) supervision d) join a support group of other leaders

b) read professional articles

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of constructive goals? a) they are specific b) they are focused only of the immediate situation c) they are stated in the positive d) they are simple and observable

b) they are focused only of the immediate situation

The degree to which a person is "soaked in" to their culture is known as: a) cultural awareness b) cultural competence c) acculturation d) culturally encapsulated

c) acculturation

The basic or primary emotions include: a) satisfied b) depressed c) anger d) anxious

c) anger

The following statements are true EXCEPT: a) children think differently than adults b) children communicate differently than adults c) children are miniature adults d) children's natural language is play e) B & D

c) children are miniature adults

Which of the following is NOT a major helper activity during encouragement? a) focusing on the positive and the changeable b) emphasizing equality and individuality c) focus on personality d) pushing with enthusiasm

c) focus on personality

Mismatch between client and helper can result in: a) potential increased self-disclosure b) a potentially strong therapeutic alliance c) incomplete homework assignments d) none of the above

c) incomplete homework assignments

Elements of a client's story that can come into conflict with each other include: a) previous experiences b) nonverbal messages c) emotional arousal d) A & B e) all of the above

d) A & B

The skills for helping a client who is culturally different include: a) listening b) cultural immersion c) utilizing cultural support systems d) all of the above e) B & C only

d) all of the above

What skill is used in working with children? a) invitational skills b) advanced reflecting skills c) challenging skills d) all of the above e) none of the above

d) all of the above

________ is the skill of continually discussing obvious cultural, racial, or ethnic differences with the client. a) a tutorial stance b) cultural study c) acculturation d) broaching

d) broaching

Limit setting is a part of which skill category? a) tracking b) facilitating decision making c) goal setting d) challenging

d) challenging

Empathy is not: a) taking on your client's problems b) sympathy c) tuning into your client d) all of the above e) A & B

e) A & B

Reasons for reflecting include: a) to stimulate further exploration of the client's experience b) capturing camouflaged messages c) to help the counselor not to ask questions d) A & C e) A & B

e) A & B

According to Albert Ellis (1973) which of the following are categories or irrational beliefs? a) the idea that it is catastrophic when things do not go the way one would like b) the idea that it is easier to avoid life's challenges than face them c) the idea that certain people are evil and wicked and should be punished d) both A & B e) all of the above

e) all of the above

The phases of psychodramatic role-playing are: a) action b) warmup c) sharing and analysis d) A & B e) all of the above

e) all of the above

Which are therapeutic factors mentioned in the text? a) R= a strong helper-client relationship b) T= teaching assertiveness techniques c) L= lowering and raising emotional arousal d) both A & B e) both A & C

e) both A & C

Attending to and encouraging a client's story without intruding is called: a) narrative b) encouraging c) appropriate use of silence d) client centered therapy

b) encouraging

Paraphrasing is included in what category of the building blocks skills mentioned in the text? a) advanced reflecting skills b) opening skills c) reflecting skills d) paraphrasing skills

c) reflecting skills

The stages of change theory include: a) contemplation b) pre-contemplation c) post-preparation d) procrastination

a) contemplation

A pattern of basic listening skills repeated for each client topic is called: a) a reflection of meaning b) a nonjudgmental listening cycle c) a questioning cycle d) a door opener

b) a nonjudgmental listening cycle

What is Step 3 in the technique of reframing? a) build a bridge from the client's viewpoint b) reinforce the bridge c) reassess the bridge d) use the nonjudgmental listening cycle to understand the problem e) A & C

b) reinforce the bridge

Which of the following was NOT suggested as an ethical guideline? a) confidentiality b) avoiding value judgments c) remaining focused on goals d) using only techniques in which you have received sufficient education and experience

c) remaining focused on goals

New learning experiences can include: a) modeling b) humor c) fading d) A & B

d) A & B

Invitational skills are MOST useful: a) early in the helping relationship b) during the goal setting stage c) during the assessment stage d) all of the above

a) early in the helping relationship

Unique characteristics of a therapeutic relationship (compared to a friendship) include all of the following EXCEPT: a) a contrast specifying roles, confidentiality b) that it can be ended by either at any time c) that both parties agree on a similar worldview d) that the goal of the relationship is to help the client

c) that both parties agree on a similar worldview

A microaggression is: a) beneficial to the therapeutic relationship b) a verbal or behavioral slight that minority members experience c) may be unconscious d) B & C

d) B & C

Diagnosis is useful because it: a) provides a context with which to understand unrelated behavior b) simplifies and organizes information gathered c) assists in the selection of interventions d) B & C

d) B & C

A client may need to be challenged when they: a) show inconsistency between behavior and values b) blame coworkers for poor reviews, without describing their own responsibility c) clearly underestimate their ability d) all of the above

d) all of the above

A client's ability to be aware of emotions and express them is often guided by: a) culture b) family c) gender d) all of the above

d) all of the above

A person's worldview is NOT influenced by which of the following: a) traumatic experiences b) social or political forces c) gender d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Confrontation works because it: a) creates dissonance b) breaks down defense mechanisms c) helps the client acknowledge the discrepancy d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Important sources of information about a client might include: a) a phone conversation with a family member b) the client's personal diary c) the court order requiring treatment d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Mental noise includes: a) worrying about what to say next b) personal memories c) being distracted by your own thoughts d) all of the above

d) all of the above

________ is the system of shared beliefs, values, taboos, customs, behaviors, and artistic products of a group of people transmitted from generation to generation. a) culture b) ethnicity c) acculturation d) family environment

a) culture

When practicing new behaviors, which is the recommended sequence? a) explaining the theory and rationale for learning the new skill; exposing the learner to a model for correct demonstration of the skill; and in class practice and use of homework b) exposing the learner to a model for correct demonstration of the skill; explaining the theory and rationale for learning the new skill; and in class practice and use of homework c) in class practice and use of homework; exposing the learner to a model for correct demonstration of the skill; and explaining the theory and rationale for learning the new skill d) none of the above

a) explaining the theory and rationale for learning the new skill; exposing the learner to a model for correct demonstration of the skill; and in class practice and use of homework

Scheduling sessions with longer and longer intervals spaced over a 1 year period is: a) fading b) termination c) brief therapy d) follow up

a) fading

The stages of relationship building include the following EXCEPT: a) history taking b) goal setting c) relationship building d) intervention and action

a) history taking

________ research is the general term for studies that look at whether what we do actually benefits the client. a) outcome b) experimental c) qualitative d) quantitative

a) outcome

__________ is a distilled version of the content of the client's message that restates the facts and thoughts in different words and in a nonjudgemental way. a) paraphrase b) reflection of feeling c) summarizing d) reflection of meaning

a) paraphrase

The hoped for outcome of relationship enhancing skills is: a) to give the client courage to change b) a change in affect for the client c) the collection of fees d) the termination of the relationship

a) to give the client courage to change

When reflecting feelings, ________ occurs when the helper reflects a feeling that is less intense than the client expressed. a) undershooting b) overshooting c) maximizing d) magnifying

a) undershooting

The purpose of the paraphrase is to: a) understand the client's thoughts b) understand the client's feelings c) supply a solution d) place blame

a) understand the client's thoughts

Which of the following does the author identify as types of effective encouraging behaviors? a) focusing on the client's strengths b) using humor c) providing accurate feedback on personality d) A & B e) all of the above

d) A & B

Catharsis includes: a) stimulating emotional arousal b) progressive relaxation c) emotional expression d) A & C e) all of the above

d) A & C

Clients often initially respond to confrontation by: a) superficial agreement b) repeating the inconsistency c) denial d) A & C e) all of the above

d) A & C

Metaphors or stories primarily work because: a) they bypass a client's resistance b) clients are too busy listening to defend c) they allow clients freedom of action d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Reflecting skills communicate: a) a desire to explore deeper feelings b) nonjudgmental understanding c) a condensed version of thoughts and feelings d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Strategies to help clients address their feelings surrounding termination include: a) reframe termination as an opportunity to practice new learning b) space appointments over increasing lengths of time c) help the client credit their own efforts d) all of the above e) A & B only

d) all of the above

Summarizing can be used to: a) signal the client to address the next topic b) link content or meanings across several sessions c) address past progress and future direction d) all of the above

d) all of the above

What are reasons given why professional helpers are reluctant to give advice? a) clients most often don't act on it b) if they do act on it, they can't really take credit for it c) the consequences of wrong advice can be severe d) all of the above

d) all of the above

What is a therapeutic factor? a) underlying healing forces common to many helping systems b) skills and attitudes of the helper along with the client's willingness to engage in the therapeutic relationship c) enhancing efficacy and self-esteem d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Which of the following are components of appropriate advice? a) it encourages the client to consider possible consequences b) it considers the client's unique experiences and culture c) it encourages reaction and discussion d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Which of the following are considered rationale for spending time to do thorough assessment? a) it uncovers events related to the problem b) it reveals important history c) it saves time by prioritizing issues d) all of the above

d) all of the above

Which of the following does the author of the text consider key characteristics of effective helpers? a) stable and mentally healthy b) intelligent c) creative d) all of the above

d) all of the above

A student who is in her practicum/internship is at what stage in development? a) initiate b) journeyman c) novice d) apprentice

d) apprentice

Is it appropriate to use the helper's personal feelings as an assessment instrument? a) no, this is harmful to the helping relationship b) no, under no circumstances because everything should be observed c) yes, but it requires thinking about how others may feel in the client's world d) both A & B

d) both A & B

Which of the following statements describe the REPLAN system? a) it is unique in limiting the number of client goals b) it utilizes 1 or 2 therapeutic factors c) it designed to be most effective as a long-term approach d) both A & B e) all of the above

d) both A & B

In order to manage transference, a helper may: a) help the client focus on more self-awareness b) disclose their own personal feelings about the client c) explore carefully the source of these feelings d) both A & C

d) both A & C

Questions are appropriate to ask when: a) there seem to be hidden aspects to the client's story b) the client needs to be led to a certain conclusion c) the helper is confused about important facts d) both A & C

d) both A & C

Focusing on a client's judgmental opinion of another person may not be helpful because: a) doing so is clearly a friendship skill b) it leads away from the client's emotions c) it may be accurate d) both B & C

d) both B & C

When a client tries to set goals based on faulty information about the self, the helper may best apply __________ skills to encourage more realistic goals. a) invitational b) goal-setting c) reflecting d) challenging

d) challenging

Scales that measure how happy the client is with the services they have received are known as: a) subjective scaling b) self-report c) goal attainment scaling d) client satisfaction scale

d) client satisfaction scale

"You look sad today," or "Tell me more about that" are examples of: a) attentive statements b) open questions c) minimal encouragers d) door openers

d) door openers

Open questions are favored because: a) they do not limit a client's answer b) they address specific topics c) they allow a client to refuse to answer d) either A & C

d) either A & C

When a helper explains their theory about the reason for the problem, this is called: a) transactional analysis b) reframing c) direct instruction d) interpretation

d) interpretation

The rules for brainstorming include all of the following EXCEPT: a) the quality of ideas is more important than the quantity b) evaluation only comes after the idea-generating period c) building on the ideas of others is encouraged d) it's okay to interrupt others

d) it's okay to interrupt others

One primary purpose of self-disclosure is to: a) help the client feel more important b) augment the social schmoozing process c) allow the helper to model ventilation of feelings d) normalize the client's experience

d) normalize the client's experience

One tip on paraphrasing is to: a) paraphrase early b) avoid using encouragers c) repeat the client's words d) show presence by responding to the last thing the client said

d) show presence by responding to the last thing the client said

The first step in boiling down the problem is: a) asking closed questions b) getting the client invested c) stating the goal positively d) summarizing the session content

d) summarizing the session content

Roadblocks to good helper communication such as directing, criticizing, consoling, or premature analyzing communicate to the client that: a) even helpers make mistakes sometimes b) they should listen more closely to the helper c) they need to become more involved in the helping process d) the client is not capable of solving their own problems

d) the client is not capable of solving their own problems

"It sounds like you are having a hard time with your divorce," is an example of: a) the client's underlying feeling (emotional level) b) the client's hidden meanings (existential level) c) the client's confusion (acceptance level) d) the client's understanding of facts (cognitive level)

d) the client's understanding of facts (cognitive level)

According to the text, clients should be terminated from counseling when clients have attained their goals, when they have received help for some time but have not made progress, and: a) when there is transference issue in the therapeutic relationship b) when the client requests to terminate c) when the client satisfaction scale shows improvement d) when there are signs the client can handle issues independently

d) when there are signs the client can handle issues independently

Examples of global measures described in the chapter that detect overall client improvement include: a) Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) b) Client Satisfaction Scale (CSS) c) OQ-45 d) all of the above e) A & C

e) A & C

What is important to assess at the intake interview: a) behavioral assessment b) relational assessment c) cognitive assessment d) A & B e) A & C

e) A & C

Homework assignments are a beneficial because: a) there is an enhancement to treatment b) awareness is transformed into tangible behaviors c) it expands options for unload feelings d) it begins the process of shifting control to the client e) all of the above

e) all of the above

In order to help maintain therapeutic gains helpers can: a) link clients with paraprofessionals b) assist the client to select a good self-help group c) encourage the client to journal d) set up for client's to reinforce their own positive behavior e) all of the above

e) all of the above

Setting goals before the helper really understands the client may yield: a) anxiety and distress b) ineffective treatment plan goals c) questions about ownership of the problem d) superficial goals e) both B & D

e) both B & D

A client's willingness to go deeper into their story depends partly upon: a) the helper's questions and encouragers b) a trustworthy therapeutic relationship c) a worldview congruent with the helper's d) all of the above

b) a trustworthy therapeutic relationship

Which of the following is NOT true when considering nonverbal messages? a) nonverbal messages are read by both the client and the helper b) client nonverbal communications are easily understood c) often more information is conveyed by nonverbal means than by the verbal content d) eye contact is the most important indicator of listening

b) client nonverbal communications are easily understood

Interventions which point out inconsistencies and invite resolution are called: a) cognitive dissonance b) confrontations c) mixed messages d) "I messages"

b) confrontations

Grasping the feelings, facts and meaning of another person's disclosure, and then showing them understanding is: a) warmth b) empathy c) credibility d) schmoozing

b) empathy

Which of the following is the correct process of deep muscle relaxation? a) tighten and relax, preparation, body scan, relax fully and breath and assign practice b) preparation, tighten and relax, relax fully and breathe, body scan and assign practice c) preparation, relax fully and breathe, tighten and relax, body scan and assign practice d) body scan, relax fully and breathe, preparation, tighten and relax and assign practice

b) preparation, tighten and relax, relax fully and breathe, body scan and assign practice

What are the key aspects that define self-esteem? a) defense mechanisms and self-worth b) self-worth and efficacy c) assertiveness and defense mechanisms d) efficacy and assertiveness

b) self-worth and efficacy

The period of time when the client and helper negotiate the end to the therapeutic relationship is: a) closure b) termination c) goal attainment d) awareness

b) termination

The target behavior "I will call my wife from work 4xs per week, talk with her at least 5 minutes, maintain my anger no higher than a level 5 on a 10 point scale and not yell or curse" is stated in terms of: a) behavior only b) behavior and emotion c) positive action d) frequency, duration, intensity

b) they are focused only of the immediate situation

Friends and family tend to withhold accurate feedback because: a) they have "people problems" too b) they don't want to risk losing the relationship c) they have blind spots too d) B & C

b) they don't want to risk losing the relationship

Which of the following is NOT considered a goal of encouragement? a) to motivate b) to maintain a specific behavior c) to inspire d) to instill confidence

b) to maintain a specific behavior

Successful components of a role-play include: a) practicing new behavior in a contrived situation with an observer b) using participants other than the helper c) creating an environment where avoidance behaviors are reinforced d) A & B e) B & C

b) using participants other than the helper

Becoming a reflective practitioner means: a) mirroring, or showing clients hidden aspects of themselves b) using personal awareness to maximize growth as a helper c) Becoming licensed in reflective techniques and procedures d) both A & B

b) using personal awareness to maximize growth as a helper

Common problems in paraphrasing include simply reciting the facts, difficulty hearing the story due to "noise," taking the client's side, and: a) repeating information in a succinct manner b) worrying about what to say next c) identifying the important information in the story d) being nonjudgmental

b) worrying about what to say next

To a client that says "I'm not angry," pointing out their clenched fists and increased volume is: a) not a good idea b) an advanced reflecting skill c) a challenging skill d) a solution skill

c) a challenging skill

If a helper wants to gently pressure a client to talk, or to respectfully respond to a painful disclosure, which of the following may be most appropriate? a) minimal encourager b) open question c) attentive silence d) touching

c) attentive silence

The primary goal of challenging a client is to: a) increase their emotional arousal b) enhance the therapeutic relationship c) help them see themselves more clearly d) all of the above

c) help them see themselves more clearly

Which of the following is not a positive outcome of reflecting feelings? a) it helps normalize conflicting emotions b) it fosters further emotional self-disclosure c) it allows a helper to model positive values d) it can enhance the therapeutic relationship

c) it allows a helper to model positive values

Reflecting feelings is valuable in a helping relationship because: a) it confronts the client's denial b) it helps the client understand what the helper is feeling c) it can expose hidden feelings d) it can force emotional venting

c) it can expose hidden feelings

In the nonjudgmental listening sequence, a paraphrase (or reflection of content) normally follows which helper response? a) every client disclosure b) door openers c) minimal encouragers or open questions d) periods of silence

c) minimal encouragers or open questions

An example of issues contained in the inner-most circle of the "inner circle strategy" would most likely be: a) occupation b) marital status c) negative self-views d) A or B

c) negative self-views

When a client consistently looks at the floor, has folded arms, and seems disinterested, a helper can infer: a) she doesn't want help b) there is something she is hiding c) nothing d) either A or B

c) nothing

In order to uncover meaning in a client's story, a helper generally uses which 2 methods: a) invitational skills and summaries b) open questions and attentive silence c) open questions and reflecting of meaning d) paraphrase and closed questions

c) open questions and reflecting of meaning

It may be appropriate to give advice when: a) the client needs assurance on risky issues b) the client has not heeded previous advice c) the helper has special knowledge or experience about the issue d) the helper needs to influence a person not available in the session

c) the helper has special knowledge or experience about the issue

The client statement "I believe in the sanctity of marriage. I just don't know, though, if I can leave my girlfriend to go back to my wife right now" is a good example of incongruity between: a) verbal and nonverbal messages b) previous experiences and future plans c) values and behaviors d) values and emotional arousal

c) values and behaviors