Course intro

______ is not found in the plasma membrane.

DNA

nucleosome

DNA double helix wound around a cluster of histones

Which statements correctly describe the nuclear envelope?

It contains phospholipids. It controls the entry of substances into and out of the nucleus. It is a double membrane. It is continuous with the ER.

______ examines the function of various organ systems.

Physiology

Transcription is the formation of

RNA

Transcription is the formation of ______.

RNA

Visualizing the body in the ____ position is significant because all observers have a common point of reference when describing and discussing its regions.

anatomic

Which term describes the relationship of the stomach to the spinal cord?

anterior

In the anatomic position, the palms face ______.

anteriorly

At the chemical level, ______ are the smallest units of matter.

atoms

Rank the following terms from simplest to most complex. Remember to start with the most SIMPLE structure first. Position 1 of 5 atoms correct toggle button unavailable atoms

atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells

Rank the following terms from simplest to most complex.

cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organism

anaphase

centromeres, that hold sister chromatid pairs, separate centromeres, that hold sister chromatid pairs, separate

Which is more loosely coiled?

chromatin

telophase

chromosomes arrive at poles

Which function to move mucus?

cilia

Superior means ______.

closer to the head

The term medial means ______.

closer to the midline of the body

In the cell cycle, division of the cytoplasm is called ______. Multiple choice question.

cytokinesis

The general term for all cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus is the

cytoplasm

What is a general term for all cellular contents between the plasma membrane and the nucleus?

cytoplasm

physiology

describes the mechanisms by which different nutrients are broken down

anatomy

describes the muscle layers in the wall of the small intestine

The term that means toward the back is ______.

dorsal

physiology

examines how the muscles of the small intestine propel food through the digestive tract

True or false: The nose is lateral to the eyes.

false

chromosomes

finely filamented mass of DNA and protein

Anterior means toward the ______ surface.

front

Physiology is the study of ______ of body parts.

function

The growth phase of the cell cycle is ______.

interphase

The two phases of the cell cycle are

interphase and mitotic phase

DNA is considered the "boss" of the cell because ______.

it directs the synthesis of proteins that carry out body functions

Nuclear pores allow for the passage of

macromolecules and ions

Nuclear pores allow for the passage of ______.

macromolecules and ions

The correct anatomic directional term meaning "toward the midline of the body" is ______.

medial

metaphase

microtubules from mitotic spindle attach to centromeres

The cell division that takes place in somatic cells is called

mitosis

prophase

nucleolus disappears

Mitosis is division of the ______.

nucleus

The largest structure within a cell is usually the ______.

nucleus

The organelle in which transcription takes place is the

nucleus

The organelle that is the cell's control center is the

nucleus

The term superficial means ______ of the body.

outside of the outside

The cell membrane is also called the ___ membrane

plasma

______ is the anatomic directional term, which means "closest to the point of attachment to the trunk."

proximal

Which is not a type of membrane-bound organelle?

ribosome

Mitosis occurs in ______ cells.

somatic

anatomy

studies the small intestine including its relationship to the rest of the body

The correct anatomic directional term for "closer to the head" is ______.

superior

The process by which a DNA gene is copied into RNA is called ______. Multiple choice question.

transcription

True or false: Cilia and flagella are projections that extend from the surface of some cells.

true

True or false: Physiology focuses on the molecular or cellular level to gain an understanding of how organ systems work.

true

______ is not a nitrogenous base found in DNA nucleotides.

uracil

The term posterior means toward the ______ surface.

back

chromatin

become visible only when the cell is dividing

In cell division, one cell divides to produce two identical cells. These new cells are called ___ cells

daughter cells

______ is the anatomic directional term that means "on the inside" or "underneath another structure."

deep

Which cell type contains no nucleus?

erythrocyte

The process in which a mRNA copy of a gene is read by ribosomes in the cytoplasm to produce a protein is called

translation

The process that occurs on ribosomes by which a mRNA transcript is read and a new protein produced is called

translation

The synthesis of a new protein from an mRNA transcript is called ______.

translation

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

transverse plane