CPR Class
Which of the following are examples of life-threatening sudden illnesses? Select all that apply.
- Diabetic emergency - Anaphylaxis
You are giving CPR to a 14-year-old in cardiac arrest. You know to follow techniques and use equipment for which of the following age groups?
Adult
When giving chest thrusts, where on the choking infant's chest should the responder give thrusts?
In the center of the infant's chest, just below the nipple line.
When giving breaths to an infant with a face shield, you should cover which body parts of the infant with your mouth?
nose and mouth
It is fine to enter an area where there is a chemical spill as long as you are very careful. True or False?
False
You are placing adult AED pads on a 3-year-old child. When placing them on the chest, you notice that the pads are touching. What should you do?
Place one pad in the middle of the chest and one on the back, between the shoulder blades.
The three important steps when applying a windlass rod tourniquet are which of the following?
Pull, Twist, Clip
You have a first aid kit and are about to give care to a co-worker who is unresponsive and not breathing. After calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment, what should you do before giving care, if possible?
Put on latex-free disposable gloves
You are using a tourniquet to control life-threatening bleeding when the injured person cries out in pain. What should you do?
Reassure the person but continue to tighten the tourniquet until the bleeding stops or you cannot tighten it anymore.
A 14-month-old toddler has life-threatening bleeding from a wound on her upper arm. After calling 9-1-1, which of the following is the appropriate care for this child?
Apply direct pressure to stop the bleeding
A child was running around the house and crashed into a full-length mirror, breaking the glass. You see that she has a wound on the back of her head and there is blood flowing steadily from it and starting to pool on the ground. After calling 9-1-1, what should you do?
Apply direct pressure.
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of heat stroke? Select all that apply.
- Absence of sweating - exhaustion - confusion
Why is it important for you, the first aid responder, to ask questions using SAM and do a focused check of the responsive person? Select all that apply.
- It can help you to determine what care they may need. - As time passes, the person may be less able to say things. - You may be able to gather information that others may not be able to gather later.
When applying direct pressure, it is important to do which of the following? Select all that apply.
- Press hard. - Press directly over the wound.
When giving high-quality CPR, you should give compressions at a rate of which of the following per minute?
100 to 120
Giving care for a person with a concussion includes which of the following?
Have the person rest without moving
If the chest does not rise on the first breath, and you reopen the airway and give a second breath and the chest still does not rise, what might be a reason?
An object might be blocking the airway.
What would be the best thing to do if applying a tourniquet did not stop the person's bleeding?
Apply a second tourniquet, between the first tourniquet and the heart.
A first aid responder is applying direct pressure to a person with life-threatening bleeding on the lower leg. A bystander has returned with a bleeding control kit. What should the responder do next?
Apply a tourniquet immediately.
You are working in a senior center when you hear a thud and someone yells out that a man has collapsed. The scene is safe, but the man appears unresponsive. What should you do next?
Check for responsiveness by using the shout-tap-shout sequence while checking for breathing, life-threatening bleeding and other life-threatening conditions.
You have been applying direct pressure to a wound on the person's lower back for several minutes, but the bleeding hasn't stopped, and EMS has not arrived. What should you do?
Continue applying direct pressure.
During your interview of the person using SAM, they told you that they have a lot of pain in their left arm and that it is throbbing. What should you do next?
Do a focused check of their left arm.
What should you do if a choking person is coughing forcefully?
Encourage them to keep coughing
If you are unable or unwilling for any reason to perform full CPR, give continuous breaths at a rate of 10 to 12 per minute. True or False?
FALSE
You are using an AED on an 82-year-old woman in cardiac arrest. She is frail and only weighs about 105 pounds, so you should use pediatric AED pads. True or False?
FALSE
You have just given a shock to a person in cardiac arrest. You should check to see if the person is breathing before starting CPR again. True or False?
FALSE
A person should never self-administer more than one dose of quick-relief medication via inhaler for an asthma attack. True or False?
False
As part of general care for a person with an environmental emergency, it is not important to watch for changes in the person's condition because EMS will be there soon. True of False?
False
It is fine for you to always administer the person's medication. True or False?
False
Why is it important to assist a family member with administering naloxone to the person with a suspected opioid overdose?
Naloxone reverses the effects of opioids.
A 14-month-old child vomited twice in one day but is able to keep fluids down now and is resting quietly.
No, I don't need to consult the healthcare provider immediately.
You have been caring for a person with life-threatening bleeding. You were able to apply a tourniquet and are waiting for EMS to arrive. Suddenly, the person's level of consciousness changes and they are very confused. You notice that their skin is very pale and feels moist.
This person is likely experiencing shock. After calling 9-1-1, care for shock includes giving care according to your training for the condition causing the shock; having the person assume a position of comfort or having them lie flat on their back; maintaining body temperature; not giving them anything to eat or drink; providing reassurance; and continuing to monitor the person's condition.
A person who just completed a marathon on a windy, 54ºF day is at risk for hypothermia. True or False?
True
An 11-month-old infant has had diarrhea for a few days and this morning you noticed blood in the stool. They are somewhat fussy and sleeping a lot more than usual.
Yes, I should consult the healthcare provider immediately.
After giving back blows to a choking teenager, they still cannot cough or speak. Which technique should you use to continue giving care?
abdominal thrusts
What is it important to do between giving the first and second breath?
allow the chest to fall and the air to exit
You have obtained consent and are checking a responsive person. You know you need to interview them first using SAM. What does SAM stand for? Select all that apply.
signs and symptoms allergie medications/medical conditions
Before giving breaths to the child, you should open their airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to which position?
slightly past neutral
When giving breaths during high-quality CPR, each breath should last about 1 second and make what happen?
the chest begin to rise
Vomiting and diarrhea in young children and infants can lead to which of the following? Select all that apply.
- dehydration - shock
Cardiac arrest is often due to a blockage of the blood vessels supplying oxygen to the heart muscle (heart attack). However, it can also occur due to the effects of which of the following? Select all that apply.
- drowning (correct) - breathing emergency (correct) - common cold - ear infection - headache
When giving CPR to an infant, which of the following techniques may be used to give chest compressions? Select all that apply.
- encircling thumbs technique - one hand technique
Which of the following would lead you to suspect a person is in cardiac arrest? Select all that apply.
- headache - unresponsive (correct) - chest pain - not breathing or gasping (correct) - trouble breathing - dizziness
When giving back blows, where on the choking infant's back should the responder give back blows?
between the infants shoulder blades
When giving back blows, where on the choking person's back should the responder give back blows?
between the shoulder blades
When giving CPR to an unresponsive choking infant, what CPR technique should you use?
encircling thumbs technique
When holding the infant in a position to give back blows, it is a good idea to cover the infant's face. True or False?
false
Where on this person's arm should a tourniquet be applied?
On the forearm, about 2 to 3 inches above the wound between the wound and the heart
You can administer a second dose of epinephrine if the person is still having signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis 5 to 10 minutes after administering the first dose and EMS has not arrived. True or False?
True
What is your risk of catching a disease when giving first aid care?
Low risk
You are giving CPR to an 8-year-old in cardiac arrest. You know that for CPR, a child is someone considered from the age of 1 year to which of the following?
Onset of puberty
The person tripped over a rock while hiking, fell and cut their leg. There is a slow trickle of blood from the cut on the person's leg. This is life-threatening bleeding. True or False?
false
When giving compressions, how should the first aid responder position their body and arms?
shoulders directly over the hands and elbows locked
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of stroke? Select all that apply.
- Facial weakness - Arm or grip weakness - Speech disturbances
You are placing adult AED pads on a 10-year-old child. What is the correct placement of the pads for this child?
Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest, a few inches below the left armpit.
A 2-month-old infant has a fever of 100.8° F (38.2° C) but is not fussy.
Yes, I should consult the healthcare provider immediately.
Before giving breaths to the adult, you should open their airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to which position?
past neutral
What is the proper positioning for the thumbs when giving compressions to an infant using the encircling thumbs technique?
thumbs placed side by side on the center of the infants chest
Back blows, abdominal thrusts and chest thrusts are all equally effective. True or False?
true
In a small child or an infant, bleeding may be life-threatening when the amount of blood loss is less than about half of what a soda can obtains. True or False?
true
It is especially important to note the time that signs and symptoms of stroke started in a person. True or False?
true
What do you see in this photo that might indicate an emergency situation? Select all that apply.
- The person appears unresponsive and is laying on the ground (correct) - The person is bleeding (correct) - the person is awake and alert (wrong) - the person is staggering in the street (wrong --> picture shows her on the ground)
You may need to give chest thrusts in which of the following situations? Select all that apply.
- The person is in a wheelchair and you are unable to give abdominal thrusts. - The person is too large for you to stand behind and reach around. - The person is pregnant.
When there are two or more trained responders, one person will give CPR while the other person sets up the AED. When will the responders switch roles? Select all that apply.
- after pushing the shock button - after the AED says that no shock is advised (about every 2 minutes)
S.A.M
- signs and symptoms - allergies - medications and medical conditions
When giving chest thrusts to an infant, how deep should you press?
About 1 ½ inches.
If your check of the person reveals that they are unresponsive and not breathing, what should you do first?
Call 9-1-1 and get the AED and first aid kit or tell someone to do so
What should you do first if a choking person is making high-pitched noises or is unable to speak, cry or cough forcefully?
Call 9-1-1 and get the equipment, or tell someone to do so.
Sinus infections are a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants. True or False?
False
You are giving CPR to a 5-month-old in cardiac arrest. You know to follow techniques and use equipment for which of the following age groups?
Infant
A 3-year-old child has a fever of 101° F (38.3° C) but the fever is going down with medication and they are playing quietly.
No, I don't need to consult the healthcare provider immediately.
You are working a shift at the local farmer's market when you recognize that a 10-year-old shopping with their parent is choking. You check the scene for safety and approach the child. What do you need to do at this point?
Obtain consent from the parent (who is present) because the person is a minor.
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a heart attack?
Persistent chest pain
If a person is unresponsive and breathing, which of the following positions is appropriate to use while you wait for EMS to arrive and begin their care of the person?
Recovery position
When giving high-quality CPR to an adult, you should give compressions at a depth of which of the following?
at least 2 inches
What are some things to keep in mind about wearing gloves when giving first aid care?
- Avoid touching other surfaces. - Wash your hands after taking off your gloves.
Which of the following are burns that require immediate medical attention? Select all that apply.
- Burn that covers more than one body part - Burn on the face - Burn caused by electricity
Which of the following is best to use when applying direct pressure to control life-threatening bleeding?
- Hemostatic dressing
If the responsive choking person becomes unresponsive, what care should you give?
Give CPR (give compressions, look for object, give breaths).
You are placing pediatric AED pads on a 7-month-old infant. What is the correct placement of the pads for this infant?
Middle of the chest and on the back, between the shoulder blades.
As part of general care for a person with an injury, it is important to keep the person from getting chilled or overheated. True or False?
True
Exposure to poison may cause a person to have a seizure. True or False?
True
Shock is a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants. True or False?
True
When giving CPR to a person and waiting for EMS personnel to arrive, a bystander tells you to stop, saying, "it's no use and that looks hard." You continue because you know that is not a reason to stop CPR. True or False?
true
You are using an AED on an older adult in cardiac arrest. They are wearing a sweatshirt. You need to remove the sweatshirt before you place the pads on the chest. True or False?
true
When you ask someone to call 9-1-1 for you in an emergency situation, what communication techniques/instructions should you use? Select all that apply.
- Look directly at one person. - Say, "You, call 9-1-1."
When is it important to consult a healthcare provider if a young child or infant has a fever? Select all that apply.
- The infant is younger than 3 months and has a fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or greater. - The child or infant has a febrile seizure. - The fever is associated with change in behavior or activity.
Signs that indicate a person is choking may include which of the following? Select all that apply.
- The person looks surprised. - The person is making high-pitched squeaking noises - The person is coughing.
Which of the following shows life-threatening bleeding?
- blood spurting from the wound - blood flowing continuously from the wound
Your co-worker fell off of a tall ladder and hit their head quite hard. You can see they have a large lump and they are bleeding a lot. You suspect a potentially life-threatening injury. You tell them you are trained in first aid and want to help them. They tell you, no; that they are fine and it is no big deal. What should you do?
Call 9-1-1 or tell someone to do so
How long should you wash your hands when using soap and water?
at least 20 seconds
A child is making high-pitched noises and is unable to cough or speak. They are holding their neck with one hand. You obtain consent, verify that they are choking and tell someone to call 9-1-1 and get equipment. Which technique should you use first to give care?
back blows
Where on the child's chest should the first aid responder position their hands to give compressions (when using two hands)?
centered on the chest
You hear a scream and some loud noises coming from a few feet away in the crowded school playground. As you walk quickly across the playground, you tell yourself to do what first?
check the scene for safety
You are unable to give effective abdominal thrusts to a woman in a wheelchair who is choking. Which technique should you use instead?
chest thrusts
When drowning is the suspected cause of cardiac arrest, what should the responder do first?
give 2 breaths
When giving breaths using a pocket mask, what is the technique for opening the person's airway?
lift the person's face into the mask to open the airway to a past-neutral position
You are placing AED pads on a person in cardiac arrest. What is the correct placement for the pads?
Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest, a few inches below the left armpit
Which of the following are the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to an infant? Select all that apply.
- compress the chest about 1 1/2 inches - compress at a rate of 100-120 compressions per min
Which of the following are the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to a child? Select all that apply.
- compress the chest to about 2 inches - compression rate of 100-120 per minute
The risk of infection when giving first aid care is low. Using what reduces your risk even further?
- latex free disposable gloves - face shield - pocket mask
What is important to determine before giving sugar by mouth to the person experiencing a diabetic emergency? Select all that apply.
- make sure the person is awake - make sure the person can follow simple commands - make sure the person can chew and swallow
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of shock? Select all that apply.
- nausea - confusion - grayish skin
Which of the following could be considered signs of an emergency? Select all that apply.
- noxious smell - person clutching their throat - crying
If more than one responder is available and trained in CPR, when should the responders switch? Select all that apply.
- when the original responder is tiring - about every 2 minutes - after every five cycles of CPR
After encouraging the coughing choking person to keep coughing, it is fine to leave them. True or False?
False
The call step involves calling 9-1-1, or telling someone to do so, and what else?
Getting the AED, a first aid kit and a bleeding control kit (if necessary) or telling someone to do so.
You are working at an outdoor café on a hot summer day. Suddenly you hear a person at a table near you yell out that a bee just stung them. You make sure the scene is safe and approach them to offer to give first aid for an insect sting. They appear responsive, but it looks like something might be really wrong with them. You obtain consent and continue checking them. The person's lips are swelling and they are having trouble breathing. You notice a medical alert bracelet and they nod their head when you ask if they have an allergy.
This person is likely experiencing anaphylaxis. After calling 9-1-1, care for anaphylaxis includes assisting with administration of epinephrine via an auto-injector: First, follow the general care steps for assisting with medication administration. Then, hold the person's leg firmly to limit movement. Encourage them to use the epinephrine auto-injector as directed by their healthcare provider. Finally, massage or have the person massage the injection area for 10 seconds.
A person who is responsive and breathing but not fully awake should be placed in a recovery position for which of the following reasons?
To lower their risk for choking and aspiration
When giving abdominal thrusts, where on the choking person's abdomen should the responder place their hands?
just above the naval (belly button)
When giving back blows and abdominal thrusts to a small child, you may need to do which of the following?
kneel behind the child
When giving high-quality CPR, you should minimize necessary interruptions in chest compressions to less than how many seconds?
less than 10 seconds
Before giving breaths to the infant, you should open their airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to which position?
neutral position
If you see an object in the infant's mouth, which finger(s) should you use to do a finger sweep?
pinky finger
When giving chest compressions, the goal is to do which of the following?
push hard and fast
The person cut their arm while working on a job site. Blood is flowing steadily from the person's wound and pooling on the ground. This is life-threatening bleeding. True or False?
true
