CRIM JUSTICE CH 5 & 6

_______ is an influential theory about increases in fear and crime within neighborhoods when there is insufficient police attention to seemingly minor public order offenses such as vandalism, loitering, aggressive panhandling, and prostitution.

"Broken windows" theory

Who was the leading advocate of professionalism within law enforcement?

O. W. Wilson

Sarah is the responding officer at a domestic violence call. Upon arrival, she is informed by the owner of the home that her ex-husband has violated a protective order and entered her home. He held a gun to her head and threatened to kill her if she did not allow him to move back into the home with her. There are two children in the home and the suspect has left the scene. This is the fourth time Sarah has responded to this call in the last two months. Sarah spends a good deal of her time stopping and investigating criminal acts —in other words, fulfilling which police function?

Order maintenance

In 1285 in England, what was the system of policing called?

Parish-constable watch system

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the job of a law enforcement officer?

Pay scales are high.

Which police unit identifies, apprehends, and collects evidence against lawbreakers?

Investigation

The Federal Bureau of Investigation came to prominence under the leadership of

J. Edgar Hoover.

According to public opinion polls, which police function is most important in the minds of citizens?

Law enforcement

Which of the following areas is not a priority of the FBI?

Minor blue-collar crime

One important component of community policing is

problem solving.

Most police work is reactive, which means police

respond to citizen calls for service.

Adrian has worked for two different municipal police departments in the course of his career. He worked for the city of Omaha for a decade, enjoyed his position very much, and felt comfortable with his colleagues and superiors. Adrian considered himself part of a very professional department and executed many arrests for misdemeanors and traffic violations. After his move to a suburban location, Adrian noticed a different style of policing. He was working in a more affluent area, which required him to answer calls that he felt were more social-service-type calls. This new department forced him to adapt. Adrian's job in the suburbs required that officers be sensitive to the community they serve. This is an example of the _______ style of law enforcement.

service

Patrol officers spend the most time on

service

The process in which members learn the symbols, beliefs, and values of a group is called

socialization.

The political era of policing was characterized by

the hiring of officers through connections to elected officials.

The recognition that the control of crime cannot rest solely with the police illustrates

the idea of community crime prevention.

Alan has always wanted to become a law enforcement officer. He recently applied to his local sheriff's department. He holds a bachelor's degree from a state university and speaks Spanish as a second language. If hired, he will participate in a 16-week basic law enforcement course before he goes into the field.How much money can Alan expect to make as a U.S. border patrol agent without experience?

$36,300

The professional era of policing lasted from

1920 to 1970.

The extent to which departments create specialized units depends on which of the following?

All of thesee are correct.

Which statement concerning police policy is true?

Decisions about how police resources will be used affect who gets arrested.

Which of the following would be placed in a special unit of a large police department?

Domestic violence

Police departments typically have several divisions and bureaus. This arrangement is referred to as bifurcation.

False

Police officers require only formal training to understand all the aspects of their job.

False

The British police force has unlimited authority.

False

Which type of test is not required of a police officer?

IQ test

Which of the following is true about the use of discretion by a police officer?

The closer the relationship between the alleged criminal and the victim, the more variable the use of discretion.

Steve Herbert found a high sense of morality in the law enforcement subculture. Which is not a dilemma that officers must overcome?

The fact that what is right is not always legal

Which person or organization has the most discretion regarding how a law is applied or interpreted on the scene?

The officer on the scene

Which of the following is not an element of the model of professional policing?

The police force should be actively involved in politics.

Which era of policing would have been occurring in 1870?

The political era

Which historical era involved close ties between the police and local leaders of government?

The political era

Which of the following is not a factor of police discretion?

The relationship between the officer and his or her supervisor

Even today, research indicates that women may be subject to more sexual harassment as police officers than their male counterparts.

True

It is widely accepted that the strategies used by modern police can reduce crime.

True

One bureaucratic element which distinguishes police organizations is the chain of command.

True

Police are mainly reactive when they respond to citizen calls reporting criminal activity.

True

Police departments have not responded adequately in addressing the issue of stress.

True

Police officers are expected to obey rules and respect superiors.

True

Police officers today have more formal education than their predecessors.

True

Police operational units typically include patrol, investigation, traffic, vice, and juvenile units.

True

The political policing era relied heavily on patronage.

True

Which of the following is an example of a proactive strategy to combat crime?

Using a stakeout in victimless crimes

When a group shares symbols, beliefs, and attitudes, they have

a subculture.

During the mid-twentieth century, a large number of African Americans moved from

cities in the South to northern cities.

When calls for service are the main instigators of police action, this is called ________ policing.

incident-driven

Sarah is the responding officer at a domestic violence call. Upon arrival, she is informed by the owner of the home that her ex-husband has violated a protective order and entered her home. He held a gun to her head and threatened to kill her if she did not allow him to move back into the home with her. There are two children in the home and the suspect has left the scene. This is the fourth time Sarah has responded to this call in the last two months. Sarah must determine how to apply the law to this domestic call. Should she refer the woman to a social service agency or should she actively look for the suspect who violated the protection order? In this decision, Sarah has to exercise

discretion.

Kasey is an FBI agent and has worked in her department for six years. Prior to her tenure with the FBI, she worked for her local city police department for four years. She plans to retire from the FBI within 20 years. Kasey has had the opportunity to work in various capacities while working for the FBI, including roles fighting terrorism and violent crime. Kasey was able to work in several different capacities while with the FBI because of the organization's

division of labor.

According to most police departments,

domestic violence is a "no-win" situation, in which both parties are often uncooperative or hostile toward law enforcement.

Incident-driven policing

emphasizes a quick response to calls.

Throughout the United States, police are characterized by

fragmentation and a local orientation.

Research conducted on large police departments found that a key factor in solving crimes was

identification of the perpetrator by the victim or witnesses.

Which is not a characteristic of the SARA strategy for problem solving?

its not "Response to the problem by developing and employing remedies" so u got a 3/4 chance

Kasey is an FBI agent and has worked in her department for six years. Prior to her tenure with the FBI, she worked for her local city police department for four years. She plans to retire from the FBI within 20 years. Kasey has had the opportunity to work in various capacities while working for the FBI, including roles fighting terrorism and violent crime. While Kasey was still a member of her hometown's police department, she was part of

municipal law enforcement.

Most sworn officers are part of

patrol units.

In their article entitled "Broken Windows: The Police and Neighborhood Safety," James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling argued that police should work more on

the little problems, such as maintaining order.