Criminal Investigation

State the 3 purpose of why an officer should walk through a crime scene

1) To locate potential evidence 2) To establish a path that's safe to walk through 3) to mentally trace the events of the crime

State the 2 reasons why the scene of a crime should be protected.

1) To prevent the destruction or removal of evidence 2) To Allow for an accurate reconstruction of events

List the 9 potential methods to identify and located potential witness.

1) conduct an area canvass to locate those that live or worth near scene 2) observe individual talking among them selves while other are listening 3) interview friends, relatives & associates of victim 4) interview those named during interview with above people 5) check ur own department during the interview 6) locate photographs found at scene 7) locate the victims address or phone book 8) seize surveillance from the location of the crime 9) recover cell phones & other devices which hold memory

List the guidelines that should be observed when conducting a photographic lineup.

1) conducted by an independent administrator or by alternative method 2) present to witness sequeitively end separately previous comment order 3) witness be instructed perpetrator may or may not be in line -up 4) photograph of suspect shall be contempery to extent 5) composed so that generally eye witness description 6) multiple eve witnesses suspect shall be placed in different position in line -up 7) no writing or info concerning any previous arrest 8) identify actors speech gestures 9) line up participants must be out of view of eyewitnesses 10) only a suspect should be included in line-up

List the four components that are necessary for proper reconstruction of a crime scene.

1) field notes 2) photographs 3) a crime scene sketch 4) evidence custody documents

list four uses of surveillance.

1) gather information 2) to prevent crime 3) means of apprehending criminals in act of committing crime 4) means of affording protection to undercover agents

State in writing the 7 ways an officer can accomplish the task of removing unauthorized persons from the immediate area within a crime scene.

1) posting additional officers at entrance 2) roping off the involved area 3) placing signs on door 4) positioning barricades to block streets 5) using traffic cones or flares to block areas 6) using patrol vehicles to block streets

State three purpose of obtaining statement.

1) provide 1st hand account of what occurred 2) substantiate the charges against the suspect 3) impeach conflicting testimony of witness

List the reasons as part of every investigation that is present at a crime scene which identify the modus operandi of the perpetrator.

1) show a pattern of criminal behavior 2) associate numerous crime with a single suspect 3) possibly, predict the perps next target 4) Assist investigators in recognizing the charactristics of criminal activity

List the guidelines necessary to conduct a single suspect confrontation (show-up) eyewitness identification

1) show ups should only be used when circumstance require 2) if possible encourage the suspect to a witness 3) show-ups should only be conducted with witness present time 4) witnesses should be given a caution instruction

List 9 factors for consideration when an officer is videotaping a crime scene.

1) the purpose of video taping 2) video camera should be held at eye level 3) no narration of the scene 4) when possible put camera on mute 5) begin taping at the perimeter of the scene & work toward the center 6) initially shot without any scales 7) small items initially record in place without zooming 8) record address of the area showing general perimeter of crime scene 9) exterior/ interior scenes

List eight factors that should be included when videotaping interior scenes

1) the room or area in which the crime was committed 2) adjoining rooms or areas associated with the event 3) any evidence of a struggle 4) areas which tend to show an object may have been taking or missing 5) any evidence of the individual's activities immediately by crime 6)condition of window & doors 7) trace evidence ( stains, tool mark, hair/ fiber 8) weapons

When an officer is compiling the content of statements, he/she must ensure that one of the basic components should include what type of form when the investigating officer has interrogated a suspect while in custody ?

Advisement of rights (Mirada rights)

What is the best possibility for locating evidence at a robbery crime scene or any type of scene?

Around the path of flight from the crime

_______ _______ is the reconstruction of a violation of criminal law in order to identify and locate the perpetrator and gather evidence to convict him/her

Criminal investigation

_____ ______ forms provide documentation of all physical evidence seized during a criminal investigation.

Evidence custody

What format of is more beneficial to an officer - typewritten or handwritten ?

Handwritten

The settling of the blood to the lowest regions of the body is a condition of the body referred to as ______ _____ which is also known as postmortem lividity .

Livor mortis

Define Prostitution.

Performance offer or agreement to perform vaginal intercourse any sexual act or any sexual conduct

To the investigator in today's society the most important type of evidence in establishing the guilt of the accused is physical in nature' that which can be seen, smelled, touched, or tasted. This type of evidence is referred to as _____ or ______ evidence

Physical Real

The stiffening of the muscles caused by chemical change is a condition of the body referred to as ______ _____

Rigor mortis

A ______ is first-hand information about the commission of a crime given to an investigating law enforcement officer.

Statement

List the thirteen steps that should be used in the collection, preservation, and processing of electronic evidence,

Step 1 if electronic devices is off do not turn on if on consult a specialist Step 2 record in notes all action you take any changes that you observe Step 3 photograph screen and record information displayed if any Step 4 check for outside connectivity disconnect from the computer & documents Step 5 regardless of the power state of computer remove power source not from wall outlet Step 6 to avoid damage to potential evidence remove any floppy disk that are present Step 7 place tape over all the drive slots & over the power connector Step 8 recording make model & serial numbers Step 9 photograph & diagram the connection of the computer & corresponding cables Step 10 Label all connectors & cables ends to allow for exact reassembly at later time Step 11record or log evidence according to departmental procedures Step 12 collect all peripheral devices cables keyboards and monitors Step 13 Collect instruction manuals documentation and note

A ______ must be investigated with all the thoroughness of a homicide investigation

Suicide

The secretive and continuous observation of persons, places, and things to obtain information concerning activities and identities of individuals is referred to as _______

Surveillance

If an assault has been committed, when should the incident become an investigation?

Suspect is not on scene

Define Vandalism

The deliberate destruction or defacement of property, either public or private

what is the purpose of videotaping a crime scene ?

To assist in explaining what happened as well as how it may have happen & when it may have occured

Any time there is a ______ death the medical Examiner must be notified

Unexpected /suspicious

In a sex offense investigation, the best source of information in regard to solving the crime or the best witness will be the ________

Victim

Since robbery is from the person or the person's possession generally the best witness will the be _______ who has had a confrontation with the perpetrator

Victim

should an officer recover and preserve non electronic devices as evidence?

Yes

In reference to storing electronic evidence, state in writing the three procedures an officer should follow and be aware of due to preservation of evidence,

a) Ensure that evidence is inventoried in accordance with departmental policies b) Store evidence in secure area away from temperature & humidity protect it from magnetic sources moisture dust other harmful particles c) be-aware that potential evidence as date times & system configuration may be lost as a result prolonged storage

List the 7 areas common to most crime scenes that should be identified immediately.

a) Place of arrival b) Point of entry c) path through the scene d) contact with the scene e) contact with the victim f) place of exit g) place of arrest

List six objective of surveillance,

a) Substantiate allegations of criminal violation b) probable cause for a search warrant c) apprehend violators in commission of illegal acts d) test informant reliability e) protection for an undercover officer f) crime prevention

List some potential items that would be considered as non- electronic devices

a) Written password b) hand written notes c) blank pods of paper with indented writing d) hardware and software manuals e) Calendars, literature text or graphical computer printouts, and photographs

List several items that could be considered as potential evidence on electronic devices.

a) address book b) audio video files c) calendars/appointments d) database files e) documents or text files f) e-mail files g) image graphic file h) internet bookmarks/favorites i) spreadsheets files j) caller id information k)travel logs and destination points l) tapes m) memos n) voice message o) configuration files p) mac (media access control) q)password

List the four fundamental steps of an assault investigation.

a) aid to the victim b) protecting the crime scene c) initial questioning of Victim & witnesses d) search the crime scene

Give brief explanation of each of the following types of surveillance a) Mobile surveillance b) fixed surveillance

a) known as tailing or shadowing conduct by foot or vehicle b) known as stakeout used when subject is stationary or all the important information can be learned at one place

Give a brief description of the three most common methods for measuring a Crime scene a) Triangulation b) Rectangular coordinate c) Base Line

a) often used outdoors where there are no identifiable edges as reference parts, indoor scenes using corner of the room b) system of right angles indoor , outdoors provide three good reference points c) a variation of the rectangular coordinate method

why is electronic evidence considered to be very volatile?

can be easily altered damage or destroyed by improper handling or improper examination

what role does non electronic devices play in an investigation?

crucial in the investigation of electronic crime

_____ ______ is any criminal activity that involves the use of a computer technology, directly or indirectly.

electronic crime

When video taping a crime scene what type of narration should be used?

no narration

List the 12 essential investigative steps that should be completed in any preliminary investigation.

a) record the time you received the call b) your time arrival c) weather condition d) Is anyone injured? what happened e) give aid to anyone injured on scene f) check the immediate area for suspect g) protect the scene and call for assistance h) locate & identify witnesses i) broadcast any lookouts or necessary information j) secure the scene more adequately K) photograph, measure & sketch the scene l) collect, label & package evidence m) secure the scene until some follow up investigation

Describe each of the following methods of surveillance a) loose surveillance b) fixed surveillance

a) subject watched occasionally b) subject watched constantly

What two tests must videotaped crime scenes meet to be admitted into evidence?

a) videotape must depict the unaltered scene b) must have been maintained in its original condition without erasure or editing

Briefly describe the four methods for searching a crime scene in an effort to locate the suspect identification and/ or evidence. a) Strip method b) Grid (double Strip) method- c) Zone method d) spiral method

a)In or outdoors, large or small items of evidence distance between officers is governed by size o evidence ur looking b) same method as above (double strip) c) Good for individual rooms & vehicles, small items of evidence d) used for large area; start inside working out or the reverse