CS 1.8-9
What does GUI stand for?
Graphics User Interface
Why do some people credit Konrad Zuse as the "inventor of the computer?"
He built the Z3, which was the first functional, programmable, fully automatic digital computer.
Why is Charles Babbage considered "The Father of Computers?"
He essentially invented the first computer.
Refer to your answer to the previous question. Why is she considered "The Mother of Programming?"
She started designing computer programs over 170 years ago before modern computers even existed.
What does computer software refer to?
Software refers to the set of computer instructions which make the computer perform a specific task
What does system software refer to?
System software refers to the instructions that the computer requires to operate properly.
What was the first electronic digital computer?
The ABC
What was the first successful personal computer?
The Apple-II
What computer was used by British code breakers to help decrypt the secret coded messages of the Germans during World War II?
The Colossus
What computer was the successor to the ENIAC and was the first stored program computer?
The EDVAC
What was the first electronic general purpose computer?
The ENIAC
What was the first personal computer to be taken seriously as a business tool created by Herman Hollenin? What was the first operating system for this computer and which company made it?
The IBM PC MS-DOS Microsoft
What invention marks the beginning of "The Third Generation of Computers?"
The Integrated Circuit
What was the first commercially successful computer with the mouse/GUI technology?
The Macintosh
What computer stopped working on September 9, 1947 when a moth got stuck in one of its relays?
The Mark-II
Refer to the previous question. The US Government was very concerned that the 1890 Census would not be completed by 1900. What did Herman Hollerith invent to solve this problem?
The Tabulating Machine
What invention marks the beginning of "The Second Generation of Computers?"
The Transistor
What was the first commercially available computer?
The UNIVAC I
What invention marks the beginning of "The First Generation of Computers?"
The Vacuum Tube
What common term is often used to refer to the application software found on a cell phone?
app
IBM's System/360 essentially standardized computer _______________.
hardware
Where are external peripheral devices located?
outside the computer
What is the name for the piece of hardware which contains the CPU and computer memory?
system unit
Who was Charles Babbage's assistant?
the Countess of Lovelace
Where and when was the Abacus invented?
the Middle Eastern area around 3000 B.C.
The slide rule was used for centuries. What 1970s invention finally replaced it?
the scientific calculator
What is the most important aspect of this course?
to learn how to give correct and logical instructions to a computer with the help of a programming language
Why did the 1880 Census take 8 years to complete?
1880 marked the beginning of the "Great Wave of Immigration". There were many more people in the country. As a result, it took much longer to count everyone.
What does application software refer to?
Applications software refers to the instructions that the computer requires to do something specific for you.
How big was Harvard's Mark-I calculator?
51 feet long and 8 feet high
types of computer monitors
CRT and LCD
Blaise Pascal made an adding machine way back in 1642. Why were many people still using a plastic version of this ancient device in the 1970s?
Calculators were initially very expensive.
What does CRT stand for?
Cathode Ray Tube
What does CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
What does computer hardware refer to?
Computer hardware refers to any physical piece of computer equipment.
List 4 major operating systems.
Examples: Windows, UNIX, Linux and the MAC OS
List 5 examples of internal peripheral devices.
Examples: disk drive, CD ROM drive, hard drive, network interface card and video card.
List 5 examples of external peripheral devices.
Examples: monitor, printer, mouse, keyboard, jump drive, scanner
What does periphery mean?
It means an imprecise boundary.
A loom is a device used to make cloth. What was special about Jacquard's Loom?
Jacquard's Loom would accept special flexible cards that are punched with information in such a manner that it is possible to program how cloth will be weaved.
Who not only invented logarithms, but also designed a more efficient way to do Lattice Multiplication?
John Napier
What does LCD stand for?
Liquid Crystal Display
What company developed mouse technology?
Xerox
How many transistors can we fit on a tiny microchip today?
billions
Harold Locke Hazen and Vannevar Bush built the Differential Analyzer, a large scale computing machine capable of solving _______________ _______________.
differential equations
Where are internal peripheral devices connected?
inside the system unit
What are the 2 most common applications for a computer?
word processors and electronic spreadsheets
What 2 things is the Compaq known for?
• It was the first portable computer. • It was the first computer to be 100% compatible with an IBM PC.
List 5 things that can be done with an operating system.
• You can store, move and organize data. • You can install new external devices like printers and scanners. • You can personalize your computer with a desktop appearance and color selections. • You can execute applications. • You can install additional applications.
List 3 things that were done long ago to keep track of numbers before the invention of the Abacus.
• making marks on rocks • carving notches in bones • tying knots in rope
