CSDS 103 section 4

frontal lobe location

extends from the frontal pole back to the central fissure and downward to lateral fissure

the role of the medulla in the production of speech

- This structure contains life-support centers concerned with respiration and circulation. - The normal inhalation and exhalation cycles are automatically regulated at the medullary level.

spinal nerve primary function

They convey motor signals to the body from the central nervous system and gather sensory input from the body for CNS processing.

Parietal lobe function

-"sensory lobe" -a strip of sensory cortex lying directly in back of the central fissure presents mirror image of the motor strip of the frontal lobe. -the sensory strip is involved with the interpretation of "sensations" from incoming stimuli -other less clearly defined of the partial cortex are related to the learned activities of reading and writing

the role of the autonomic nervous system in speech production and speech perception

-The sympathetic part helps prepare the body for emergency situations -If confronted with a dangerous situation, the body can be activated quickly in reference to sympathetic alterations such as heart rate, muscle strength and quickness, dilation of the pupils, voice, hearing, articulation, etc -Once the danger has subsided, the various alterations can be returned to a more normal state (homeostasis) by the parasympathetic part of the ANS. This return to homeostasis is not immediate, and occurs over time (e.g., paramedic in crisis situation)

interconnections of the plane temporal lobe

-connects to the lower motor strip of Broca's area of the frontal lobe and the larger anterior expanse of the frontal lobe where memory and experiences are stored. -The occipital lobe lies adjacent to and is also connected to the planum temporale. It provides for visual input to this language coordination center which be very helpful in interpretation of auditory messages in difficult listening situations. -The bottom of the parietal lobe is also adjacent to the planum temporal and provides needed language access for the processes of reading and writing, which are governed by portions of the parietal lobe.

occipital lobe function

-sense of vision -coordinated eye movements and stereoscopic vision (depth vision) are under control of occipital lobe

temporal lobe function

-senses of smell and hearing -ofacotry bubbles and organ of corti in cochlea -Heschl's and Werenike's are are located here -emotions of fear and bravery

three areas the cerebellum is involved in the coordination of speech production

1. Respiration 2. Phonation 3. Articulation

Insula lobe function

appears to be related to the regulation of gastrointestinalestinal actives such digestion

how many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

12 pairs of cranial nerves

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

31 pairs

frontal lobe function

It is responsible for higher biological thought processing (problem solving), plays a major role in thinking, memory and language and is referred to as the "human lobe." -The motor cortex (motor strip) of the frontal lobe is a vertical strip of cortical tissue lying directly in front of the central fissure, and is responsible for all voluntary motor activity.

what is the Cranial Nerve function

They are individual units with specific motor and sensory functions. The cranial nerves involved with speech production and speech perception process are the trigeminal (V), facial (VII), acoustic (VIII), glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X) and hypoglossal (XII).

The central nervous system consists of two structures. Name the two

brain and spinal cord

describe the brain

consists of the left and the right hemisphere, with both connected centrally via the corpus collosum. The right hemisphere shows primary responsibility for activities that require spatial relationships; whereas, the left hemisphere appears to relate more to various linguistic and analytical functions: -has 5 lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, insular, and occipital lobes

The planum temporal location

in the left cerebral hemisphere and consists of an enlarged convolution of cortex that surrounds the posterior aspects of lateral fissure

parietal lobe location

lies behind the central fissure and extends back to the occipital lobe where there is no clear demarcation between the occipital lobe and the parietal lobe. The parietal lobe extends downward to the temporal lobe from which it is also does not have clear separation

occipital lobe location

located at the most posterior portion the brain, and is bordered by the parietal and temporal lobes extends backwards to occipital lobe

Insula lobe location

located deep within the lateral fissure

temporal lobe position

located underneath the lateral fissure, extending forward from the occipital lobe to the frontal lobe

the language center in the cerebral cortex

planum temporal