Dementia & delirium

B. "The changes in his behavior came on so quickly! I wasn't sure what was happening."

82-year-old Mr. Robeson together with his daughter arrived at the medical-surgical unit for diagnostic confirmation and management of probable delirium. Which statement by the client's daughter best supports the diagnosis? A. "Maybe it's just caused by aging. This usually happens by age 82." B. "The changes in his behavior came on so quickly! I wasn't sure what was happening." C. "Dad just didn't seem to know what he was doing. He would forget what he had for breakfast." D. "Dad has always been so independent. He's lived alone for years since mom died."

D. Validation techniques

During the home visit of a client with dementia, the nurse notes that an adult daughter persistently corrects her father's misperceptions of reality, even when the father becomes upset and anxious. Which intervention should the nurse teach the caregiver? A. Anxiety-reducing measures B. Positive reinforcement C. Reality orientation techniques D. Validation techniques

C. Sundowning.

In clients with a cognitive impairment disorder, the phenomenon of increased confusion in the early evening hours is called: A. Aphasia. B. Agnosia. C. Sundowning. D. Confabulation.

A, C, and F

Mr. Lim who is diagnosed with moderate dementia has frequent catastrophic reactions during shower time. Which of the following interventions should be implemented in the plan of care? Select all that apply. A. Assign consistent staff members to assist the client. B. Accomplish the task quickly, with several staff members assisting. C. Schedule the client's shower at the same time of day. D. Sedate the client 30 minutes prior to showering. E. Tell the client to remain calm while showering. F. Use a calm, supportive, quiet manner when assisting the client.

D. fills in memory gaps with fantasy.

Mrs. Mendoza is a 75-year-old client who has dementia of the Alzheimer's type and confabulates. The nurse understands that this client: A. Denies confusion by being jovial. B. Pretends to be someone else. C. Rationalizes various behaviors. D. fills in memory gaps with fantasy.

B. Recalling past events

Which ability should Nurse Rebecca expect from a client in the mild stage of dementia of the Alzheimer's type? A. Remembering the daily schedule B. Recalling past events C. Coping the anxiety D. Solving problems of daily living

D. Loss of cognitive abilities, impairing ability to perform activities of daily living

A student nurse was asked which of the following best describes dementia. Which of the following best describes the condition? A. Memory loss occurring as part of the natural consequence of aging B. Difficulty coping with physical and psychological change C. Severe cognitive impairment that occurs rapidly D. Loss of cognitive abilities, impairing ability to perform activities of daily living

C. Remain calm and talk quietly to the client.

Mrs. Jordan is an elderly client diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. She becomes agitated and combative when a nurse approaches to help with morning care. The most appropriate nursing intervention in this situation would be to: A. tell the client firmly that it is time to get dressed. B. obtain assistance to restrain the client for safety. C. remain calm and talk quietly to the client. D. call the doctor and request an order for sedation.

B. The client will maintain safety.

Which goal is a priority for a client with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of delirium and the nursing diagnosis Acute confusion related to recent surgery secondary to traumatic hip fracture? A. The client will complete activities of daily living. B. The client will maintain safety. C. The client will remain oriented. D. The client will understand communication.

C. Stimulating environment

Which of the following is not included in the care of plan of a client with a moderate cognitive impairment involving dementia of the Alzheimer's type? A. Daily structured schedule B. Positive reinforcement for performing activities of daily living C. Stimulating environment D. Use of validation techniques

D. The client will follow an established schedule for activities of daily living.

Which of the following outcome criteria is appropriate for the client with dementia? A. The client will return to an adequate level of self-functioning. B. The client will learn new coping mechanisms to handle anxiety. C. The client will seek out resources in the community for support. D. The client will follow an established schedule for activities of daily living.

D. Short words and simple sentences

Which of the following will Nurse Dory use when communicating with a client who has cognitive impairment. A. Complete explanations with multiple details B. Pictures or gestures instead of words C. Stimulating words and phrases to capture the client's attention D. Short words and simple sentences