Dental Laws and Infection Control for North Carolina Dental Board Examination

Approximately ___% of fruit allergic individuals may have cross-reactivity to NRL

10

How long are cassettes placed in ultrasonic for?

15 min

Which type of Hep is not bloodborne?

A and E

How often does the exposure control plan need to be updated?

Annually

How often is ultrasonic bath drained and disinfected?

Daily or when it's soiled

Disadvantage of dry heat sterilization

Long cycle, discolors fabrics, not for heat sensitive items

What vaccination protects against lockjaw?

Td

Critical instruments penetrate or enter normally sterile tissue or spaces.

True

Infection with HBV can — but does not always — lead to chronic infection

True

When candidate is considered to have failed the written portion of the examination?

when the candidate has taken the written portion of the Board conducted written examination three times without passing

When a person who has taken the clinical portion of the Board considered to have failed the clinical portion of the examination?

when the candidate took the clinical exam one time without passing

Wet packages should be allowed to dry inside the sterilizer because paper packaging material may tear on handing and because of:

wicking

what are controls that remove a hazard from the workplace called?

workplace devices and procedures controls

Can DA I Apply Topical Anesthetics/DentiPatch® Apply Topical Fluoride?

yes

Can DA I Polish Dentures (Extra-orally, upon instruction by the dentist and re-insertion by the dentist)

yes

Can DA I give Oral Hygiene Instructions, take pulse, blood pressure and temperature?

yes

Can DA I perform Extra-Oral Adjustments of any Temp. Restoration or Appliance

yes

Dental/RDH Licensure by Military Endorsement/Spouse

$0

Dental Provisional License fee: Volunteer License fee: Volunteer License renewal:

$100 $100 $25

Dental Provisional License fee: Dental Hygienist Provisional License fee:

$100 $60

conscious sedation annual permit renewal fee:

$100.00

Dental Hygienist License Renewal fee:

$106

Instructor's License fee: Instructor's License renewal fee:

$140 $180

All primary source verification requests must be in writing. Primary source verifications shall be provided in writing only for a fee of ____________.

$15.00

Dental Intern Permit

$150

A fee of _____________shall be due ___________ from the date of receipt of notice prior to an evaluation or inspection of any additional locations in which the same dentist also administers general anesthesia.

$175.00 10 days

Dental Licensure by Credentials

$2000

PA, PC, PLLC renewal and penalty fee:

$25 $10 penalty if not submitted within 30 days of anniversary

Dental License renewal fee:

$329

What are the average annual cost of treating HIV?

$35,745 - 441,342

Dental License fee

$395

PA, PC, PLLC registration fee

$50

FEE FOR LATE FILING AND DUPLICATE LICENSE (a) If the application for a renewal certificate, accompanied by the fee is not received in to the Board's office before midnight on January 31 of each year, an additional fee of _________shall be charged for the renewal certificate. (b) A fee of ___________shall be charged for each duplicate of any license or certificate issued by the Board.

$50 $25

Dental Hygiene License Processing Fee

$75

Dental Hygiene Licensure by Credentials

$750

Each dental hygienist renewing a license to practice dental hygiene in North Carolina shall be assessed a fee of _______________, in addition to the annual renewal fee of __________, to be contributed to the operation of the North Carolina Caring Dental Professionals.

$81 $25

Public health hygienist shall have:

(1) 4,000 hours/5 years of experience in clinical dental hygiene; (2) unexpired CPR certification, taken in a live hands-on course; (3) six hours of continuing education in medical emergencies each year in addition to the minimum continuing education required for license renewal (4) other training as may be required by the Oral Health Section of the Department of Health and Human Services.

An applicant for a Temporary Volunteer Dental License shall submit the following to the Board:

(1) A completed, notarized application form (2) from all jurisdictions in which the applicant is now or has ever been licensed, disclosing the applicant's disciplinary history and current status of the applicant's license; (3) A statement signed by a N.C. licensed dentist agreeing to provide supervision or direction to the temporary volunteer dentist, stating where, within the next calendar year, supervision or direction will occur (4) affirmation that no fee or monetary compensation of any kind will be paid to the applicant for dental services performed (4) A statement signed by the applicant stating where the applicant will practice, the type of facility, the duration of the practice, the name of the supervising dentist, and affirming that no fee will be charged or accepted.

The Board conducted Dental clinical examination may cover such of the following subject areas:

(1) Clinical operative dentistry; (2) Oral surgery, radiography, radiographic interpretation and oral diagnosis; (3) Fixed and removable prosthodontics; (4) Periodontics; (5) Simulated clinical procedures; (6) Endodontics.

Informed Consent in Teledentistry

(1) Confirm the identity of the requesting patient. (2) Verify and authenticate the patient's health history. (3) Disclose the licensee's identity, applicable credentials, and contact information, including a current phone number and mailing address of the licensee's practice. (4) Obtain an appropriate informed consent from the requesting patient (5) inform the patient or authorized person and document acknowledgment of the risk and limitations (6) Inform the patient or authorized person that it is the role of the licensed dentist to determine whether the condition being diagnosed or treated is appropriate for a teledentistry encounter. (7) Obtain written consent from the patient or authorized person to forward patient-identifiable information to a third party. (8) Provide the patient and authorized person with contact information for the North Carolina State Board odrof Dental Examiners and a description of, or link to, the patient complaint process.

The Board may issue a limited volunteer license to an applicant who:

(1) Has an out-of-state current or expired license, or an expired license in this State, or is authorized to treat veterans of or personnel serving in the Armed Forces of the United States; and (2) Has actively practiced dentistry within the past five years. (3) has the required education, training, and qualifications; is in good standing with the licensing jurisdiction; has passed satisfactory examinations of proficiency (4) not failed an examination conducted by the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners.

ADVERTISEMENT OF FEES

(1) Not quote a range of fees for a given service unless the basic factors upon which the actual fees will be determined are disclosed; (2) Specify any related services which usually are required in conjunction with the advertised services and for which additional fees will be charged (3) If discounts are advertised, state the amount of the discounts. (4)The dentist must be available in the office and provide upon request a list of actual standard fees to which the discounts will be applied.

Any person who violated any of the provisions of Article 16 (Dental Hygiene Act) shall be guilty of a:

Class I misdemeanor

Patient's treatment records must include:

(1) Patient's full name, address, and treatment dates; (2) Patient's nearest relative or responsible party; (3) Current health history; 4) Diagnosis of condition; (5) Specific treatment rendered and by whom; (6) Name and strength of any medications prescribed, dispensed, or administered along with the quantity and date provided; (7) Work orders issued during the past two years; (8) Treatment plans for patients of record, except that treatment plans are not required for patients seen only on an emergency basis; (9) Diagnostic radiographs, orthodontic study models, and other diagnostic aids, if taken; (10) Patients' financial records and copies of all insurance claim forms (11) Rationale for prescribing each narcotic.

A dentist applying for a permit to administer parenteral conscious sedation must meet at least one of the following criteria:

(1) Satisfactory completion of a minimum of 60 hours of didactic training and instruction in intravenous conscious sedation and satisfactory management of a minimum of 10 patients, under supervision, using intravenous sedation; or (2) Satisfactory completion of an undergraduate or postgraduate program which included intravenous conscious sedation training or: (3) Satisfactory completion of an internship or residency which included intravenous conscious sedation training or (4) Authorization for the use of general anesthetics by holding a permit for the same issued by the Board; or Utilization of a certified registered nurse anesthetist under his supervision to administer intravenous sedation to dental patients

Upon investigation and review of a dentist licensed by the Board, or upon receipt of a complaint or other information, an impaired dentist peer review organization that enters into a peer review agreement with the Board shall report immediately to the Board detailed information about any dentist licensed by the Board, if:

(1) The dentist constitutes an imminent danger to the public or himself (2) The dentist refuses to cooperate with the program, refuses to submit to treatment, or is still impaired after treatment and exhibits professional incompetence (3) It reasonably appears that there are other grounds for disciplinary action.

When witness before dental peer review committee under "Dental Peer Review Protection Act can be held to have violated a criminal law or to be civilly liable under law?

(1) The information is unrelated to the performance of the duty or function of the peer review committee or organization (2) The information is false, and the person providing the information knew, or had good reason to believe that the information was false.

What are the requirements in respect to written work orders

(1) The name and address of the person, firm, or corporation to which the work order is directed. (2) The patient's name or identification number. (3) The date on which the work order was written. (4) A description of the work to be done, including diagrams if necessary. (5) A specification of the type and quality of materials to be used. (6) The signature of the dentist and the number of his license to practice dentistry.

requirements for subcontractor work order:

(1) The name and address of the subcontractor. (2) A number identifying the subwork order with the original work order, which number shall be endorsed on the work order received from the licensed dentist. (3) The date on which the subwork order was written. (4) A description of the work to be done by the subcontractor, including diagrams if necessary. (5) A specification of the type and quality of materials to be used. (6) The signature of the person, firm or corporation issuing the subwork order.

Patient Dental Records in teledentistry

(1) The patient's presenting problem. (2) The patient's diagnosis. (3) The patient's treatment plan. (4) A description of all services that were provided through teledentistry.

To retain eligibility to perform the clinical hygiene procedures set out in G.S. without direct supervision of a dentist, a dental hygienist shall:

(1) complete at least six hours of Board approved continuing education in dental office medical emergencies each year, in addition to the minimum hours of continuing education required for license renewal; (2) maintain current CPR certification (3) comply with all provisions of the N.C. Dental Practice Act and all rules of the Dental Board applicable to dental hygienists (4) cooperate with all Board inspections of any facility at which the hygienist provides dental hygiene services without direct supervision of a dentist.

A Dental Assistant may aid and assist a licensed dentist in the monitoring of nitrous oxide-oxygen inhalant sedation by completing a Board-approved course totaling at least seven hours that covers the following topics:

(1) definitions and descriptions of physiological and psychological aspects of pain and anxiety; (2) the states of drug-induced central nervous system depression through all levels of consciousness and unconsciousness, with special emphasis on the distinction between the conscious and unconscious state; (3) respiratory and circulatory physiology, and related anatomy; (4) pharmacology of agents used in the nitrous oxide techniques being taught, including drug interaction and incompatibility; ( 5) patient monitoring, with particular attention to vital signs and reflexes related to consciousness; (6) prevention, recognition, and management of complications and life threatening situations that may occur during the use of the nitrous oxide techniques, including cardio pulmonary resuscitation; (7) description and use of ventilation sedation equipment; and (8) potential health hazards of trace anesthetics, and proposed techniques for elimination of these potential health hazards

The adverse occurrence report of general or conscious shall be in writing and shall include the following:

(1) dentist's name, license number and permit number; (2) date and time of the occurrence; 3) facility where the occurrence took place; (4) name and address of the patient; (5) surgical procedure involved; (6) type and dosage of sedation or anesthesia utilized in the procedure; (7) circumstances involved in the occurrence; (8) anesthesia records.

six hours of continuing education every two years for conscious sedation permit should include:

(1) pediatric or adult sedation (2) medical emergencies (3) monitoring sedation and the use of monitoring equipment; 4) pharmacology of drugs and agents used in sedation (5) physical evaluation, risk assessment, or behavioral management (6) audit ACLS/PALS courses (7) airway management.

PROCEDURES PROHIBITED for Dental Hygienist

(1) performing comprehensive examination, diagnosis, and treatment planning; (2) performing surgical or cutting procedures on hard or soft tissues, including laser, air abrasion, or micro-abrasion procedures; (3) placing or removing therapeutic sulcular nonresorbable agents; (4) issuing prescription drugs, medications, or work authorizations; (5) performing the final placement or intraoral adjustment of a fixed or removable appliance; (6) performing intraoral occlusal adjustments that affect function, fit, or occlusion of any temporary or permanent restoration or appliance; (7) performing direct pulp capping or pulpotomy; (8) placing sutures; (9) performing final placement or cementation of orthodontic bands or brackets; (10) performing the placement or cementation of final restorations; (11) administering any anesthetic by any route except administering topically-applied agents intended to anesthetize only cutaneous tissue; (12) using a high-speed handpiece intraorally; (13) performing cementation of endodontic posts; (14) condensing Amalgam; (15) using a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) unit; (16) applying formocresol; (17) placing stainless steel crown on permanent or primary teeth; (18) performing pulp vitality testing; (19) performing curettage; (20) placing periodontal or surgical dressing; (21) performing oral brush biopsy; (22) taking bite registration or Elastometrics; (23) placing eugenol wick in dry socket; (24) fabricating or delivering sleep apnea appliance; (25) removing, replacing, or torqueing either impression or prosthetic implant abutments

functions of dental hygienists

(1) performing periodontal screening; (2) performing periodontal probing; (3) performing subgingival exploration for or removal of hard or soft deposits; (4) performing sulcular irrigation; (5) applying resorbable sulcular antimicrobial or antibiotic agents; (6) using ultrasonic scalers for prophylaxis; (7) performing scaling and root planning; (8) applying oral cancer screening products in preparation for the dentists examination and diagnosis of oral cancer; (9) using laser fluorescence detectors in preparation for the dentist examination and diagnosis of cavities; (10) applying resin infiltration treatment for incipient smooth surface lesions, following the dentist's diagnosis that the lesion is non-penetrable

Prohibited functions for DA I and DA II

(1) performing prophylaxis; (2) performing periodontal screening; (3) performing periodontal probing; (4) performing subgingival exploration for or removal of hard or soft deposits; (5) performing sulcular irrigation; (6) using ultrasonic scalers for prophylaxis; 7) applying antibiotic-coated materials; (8) applying resorbable antimicrobial agents; (9) performing root planing; (10) applying oral cancer screening products; (11) using laser fluorescence detectors in preparation for the dentist examination and diagnosis of cavities; (12) applying resin infiltration treatment for incipient smooth surface lesions, following the dentist diagnosis that the lesion is non-penetrable.

Scope of practice of Instructor's license holder

(1) practice in dental school or college offering a doctoral degree in dentistry operated and conducted in this State and approved by the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners (2) In connection with an academic medical center (3) At any teaching hospital adjacent to a dental school or an academic medical center.

Approved continuing education course sponsors include:.

(1) providers recognized by the American Dental Association's Continuing Education Recognition Program, the Academy of General Dentistry, the American Dental Hygienists' Association, or components of such organizations; (2) North Carolina Area Health Education Centers; (3) educational institutions with dental, dental hygiene or dental assisting schools or departments; (4) national, state or local societies or associations; and (5) local, state or federal governmental entities

Training on bloodborne patogens shall be provided as follows:

(A) At the time of initial assignment to tasks where occupational exposure may take place (B) At least annually thereafter.

What are the conditions for DA II to polish clinical crown?

(A) must use a hand-held brush and polishing agents (B) use a combination of a slow speed handpiece (not to exceed 10,000 rpm) with attached rubber cup or bristle brush, and polishing agents (C) special training by Dentist or RDH for 7 hours (D) Board approved course of coronal polishing

CE requirements for annual general anesthesia permit

(A) sedation; (B) medical emergencies; (C) monitoring IV sedation and the use of monitoring equipment; (D) pharmacology of drugs and agents used in IV sedation; (E) physical evaluation, risk assessment, or behavioral management; (F) audit ACLS/Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) courses; (G) airway management;

Continuing education courses required for Dentists Must include:

(i) existing and new methods and procedures (ii) safety and competence in their dealings with patients and staff (iii) other matters of continuing importance to the practice of dentistry.

Immunization

Process by which a person becomes immune, or protected against a disease.

All of the above The Statewide supervisory committee for the impaired dentists program is made up of representatives from which of the following organization(s)

-NC State Board of Dentistry -UNC School of Dentistry -NC Dental Society

How many clock hours of coronal polishing required for DA II?

seven

Endospore

A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions.

1. At least a__________ notice shall be given prior to an evaluation or inspection. 2. The entire inspection fee of ________________ shall be due _________ from from the date of receipt of such notice.

15-day $275.00 10 days

The applicant for a license to practice dentistry shall be ___years old at the time of application and exhibit_____moral character.

18 good

Microfiltration occurs at a filter pore size of:

0.03--10 µm

After a needlestick exposure to HIV-infected blood, the average risk of HIV transmission is approximately _____ per exposure

0.3%

Vaccination of Hep B involves testing for effectiveness,measurement of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen ___________________________ after the series.

1 to 2 months

While latex allergy is rare, affecting_______ percent of the general population, it is much more common in employees who work in the medical or dental health field.

1 to 6

For DHCP who perform tasks or procedures likely to result in occupational exposure to infectious agents training should include:

1) a description of their exposure risks; 2) review of prevention strategies and infection-control policies and procedures; 3) discussion regarding how to manage work-related illness and injuries, including PEP 4) review of work restrictions for the exposure or infection. Inclusion of DHCP with minimal exposure risks (e.g., administrative employees)

Independent water reservoir

1. Container used to hold dental treatment water or other solutions and supply it to handpieces. 2. isolates the unit from the public water, can be provided as original equipment or as a retrofitted device.

Radiation limits for hands and forearms:

18.75 rem per quarter

For DHCP who perform tasks or procedures likely to result in occupational exposure to infectious agents, training should include

1) a description of their exposure risks; 2) review of prevention strategies and infection-control policies and procedures; 3) discussion regarding how to manage work-related illness and injuries, including PEP 4) review of work restrictions for the exposure or infection. Inclusion of DHCP with minimal exposure risks (e.g., administrative employees)

What prevents transmission of HBV from dentist to patient (it was not ported since 1987)?

1) adoption of universal precautions 2) routine glove use 3) increased levels of immunity as a result of hepatitis B vaccination of DHCP 4) implementation of the 1991 OSHA bloodborne pathogen standard 5) incomplete ascertainment and reporting.

For DHCP to pose a risk for bloodborne virus transmission to patients, DHCP must:

1) be viremic 2) be injured or have a condition that allows direct exposure to their blood or other infectious body fluids 3) enable their blood or infectious body fluid to gain direct access to a patient's wound, traumatized tissue, mucous membranes, or similar portal of entry. the second and third conditions must be met, for transmission to occur.

Standard precautions apply to contact with:

1) blood 2) all body fluids, secretions, and excretions (except sweat), regardless of whether they contain blood 3) nonintact skin 4) mucous membranes. 5)Saliva has always been considered a potentially infectious material in dental infection control

OPIM ( Other Potentially Infectious Materials) refers to:

1) body fluids including semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, pleural fluid, pericardial fluid, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, saliva in dental procedures; any body fluid visibly contaminated with blood; and all body fluids in situations where differentiating between body fluids is difficult or impossible 2) any unfixed tissue or organ (other than intact skin) from a human (living or dead) 3) HIV-containing cell or tissue cultures, organ cultures 4) HIV- or HBV-containing culture medium or other solutions; and blood, organs, or other tissues from experimental animals infected with HIV or HBV.

Preventive practices used to reduce blood exposures, particularly percutaneous exposures, include:

1) careful handling of sharp instruments 2) use of rubber dams to minimize blood spattering 3) handwashing 4) use of protective barriers (e.g., gloves, masks, protective eyewear, and gowns

Pathogenic organisms can be transmitted in dental settings through

1) direct contact with blood, oral fluids, or other patient materials 2) indirect contact with contaminated objects (e.g., instruments, equipment, or environmental surfaces) 3) contact of conjunctival, nasal, or oral mucosa with droplets (e.g., spatter) containing microorganisms generated from an infected person and propelled a short distance by coughing, sneezing, or talking 4) inhalation of airborne microorganisms that can remain suspended in the air for long periods

Recommendations for infection control provided regarding:

1) educating and protecting dental health-care personnel; 2) preventing transmission of bloodborne pathogens; 3) hand hygiene 4) personal protective equipment 5) contact dermatitis and latex hypersensitivity 6) sterilization and disinfection of patient-care items 7) environmental infection control 8) dental unit waterlines, biofilm, and water quality

The risk of occupational exposure to bloodborne viruses is largely determined by:

1) prevalence in the patient population 2) the nature and frequency of contact with blood and body fluids through percutaneous or permucosal routes of exposure.

OSHA record keeping requirements

1) records must be kept confidential 2) not disclosed or reported without the employee's express written consent to any person within or outside the workplace except as required by the OSHA standard 3) maintained by the employer for at least the duration of employment plus 30 years.

minimizing latex-related health problems among DHCP

1) reducing exposures to latex-containing materials by using appropriate work practices 2) training and educating DHCP 3) monitoring symptoms 4) substituting non latex products where appropriate 5) powder free gloves

Why understanding of precautions for diseases transmitted by all routes is critical?

1) some DHCP are hospital-based or work part-time in hospital settings 2) patients infected with these diseases might seek urgent treatment at outpatient dental offices 3) DHCP might become infected with these diseases.

Unsafe practices that have led to patient harm include:

1) use of a single syringe or needle for multiply patients 2) reinsertion of a used syringe 3) preparation of medications in close proximity to contaminated supplies or equipment.

Sharps injuries in the dental Setting account for _____________infections annually

1,000

To be eligible for military endorsement license the candidate must be engaged in the active practice of dentistry for at least ___________ per year for at least ____________of the ___________ years preceding the date of the application.

1,000 two five

When DHCP should be tested for anti-HBs

1--2 months after completion of the 3-dose vaccination series

On average, regulated waste in dental settings accounts for what percentage of total waste?

1-2 %

How often are sterilizers biologically monitored?

1. 1x/week 2. when training new employees 3. after repair 4. when running implantable devices 5. using new packaging or new sterilizer

How many doses of MMR vaccine is required for DHP and how many days apart?

1. 2 doses 2. 28 days 3. Laboratory evidence of immunity required

Criteria for an RDH to practice in a nursing home (Limited Supervision Hygienist)

1. 2,000 hrs/3 years of experience 2. CPR yearly 3. 6 hrs of medical emergency CE 4. other requirements for CE

What CE training DA II should complete to qualify and how many clock hours?

1. 3-hour course in sterilization and infection control 2. 3-hour course in dental office emergencies.

Qualifications for an RDH to become a public health RDH

1. 4,000 hours/5 years of experience 2. CPR 3. 6 hrs emergency CPR 4. other required CPR courses

Qualifications for an RDH to become a public health RDH

1. 4,000 hrs/5 years of experience 2. CPR yearly 3. 6 hrs of medical emergency CE 4. other requirements for CE

DENTAL LICENSURE BY CREDENTIALS

1. 5000 hours of clinical care directly to patients 2. must not include: post graduate training, residency programs or an internship

Administration of intravenous sedation in your office allowed if:

1. 60 hrs of didactic training 2. completion of IV conscious sedation training 3. satisfactory completion of internship, authorized use of general anesthetist under provision

Conditions that may require modification of dental treatment are: 1. reduced platelet count____________ that affect clotting 2. white-blood-cell neutrophil counts ___________ that may require antibiotic prophylaxis.

1. <60,000 cells/mL: 2. <500 cells/mL

PERMITTED FUNCTIONS OF DENTAL ASSISTANT II

1. A Dental Assistant II may perform all acts or procedures that may be performed by a Dental Assistant I 2. taking impressions for study models and opposing casts that may be used for the construction of temporary or permanent dental appliances, adjustable orthodontic appliances, nightguards and the repair of dentures or partials; 3. applying sealants to teeth that do not require mechanical alteration prior to the application of such sealants; 4. inserting matrix bands and wedges; 5. placing cavity bases and liners; 6. placing and removing rubber dams; 7. cementing temporary restorations using temporary cement; 8. applying acid etch materials and rinses; 9. applying bonding agents; 10.removing periodontal and surgical dressings; 11. removing sutures; 12. placing and removing gingival retraction cord; 13. removing excess cement with hand scaler supragingivally; 14. flushing, drying, and temporarily closing root canals or pulpotomies; 15. placing and removing temporary restorations; 16. placing and tying in or untying and removing orthodontic arch wires, ligature wires, or lock pins; 17. inserting interdental spacers; 18. fitting (sizing) orthodontic bands or brackets; 19. applying dentin desensitizing solutions; 20. performing extra-oral adjustments that affect function, fit, or occlusion of any restoration or appliance 21. initially forming and sizing orthodontic arch wires and placing arch wires after final adjustment and approval by the dentist; 22. polishing the clinical crown a. a hand-held brush and polishing agents b. a combination of a slow speed handpiece (not to exceed 10,000 rpm) with attached rubber cup or bristle brush, and polishing agents; (22) exposing radiographs and cone beam images; (23) polishing removable appliances extra-orally; (24) preparing and loading amalgam in carrier; (25) measuring pulse, blood pressure, and temperature; (26) using micro-etcher extra-orally; (27) placing a throat shield in oropharynx during administration of general anesthesia; (28) delivering dentures to patient for insertion, provided the dentist approves the denture placement; or (29) removing or replacing healing abutments or cover screws for implants that may be accessed supragingivally.

Best means to minimize occupational exposures

1. A combination of standard precautions, engineering, work practice, and administrative controls is the best means 2. Written policies and procedures to facilitate prompt reporting, evaluation, counseling, treatment, and medical follow-up of all occupational exposures should be available to all DHCP.

Approved Education/training and requirements to become DA II

1. Current CPR 2. completion of: ADA-accredited dental assisting program 3. one academic year or longer in an ADA-accredited dental hygiene program 4. completion of the Dental Assistant certification examination(s) administered by the Dental Assisting National Board; 5. completion of: a. full-time employment as a Dental Assistant I for two years of the preceding five, consisting of at least 3,000 hours total b. 3-hour course in sterilization and infection control c. 3-hour course in dental office emergencies.

Where there are more than two nominees eligible for election to either of two seats at issue in the same election:

1. A majority shall be any excess of the sum ascertained by dividing the total number of votes cast for all nominees by four. 2. In the event that more than two nominees receive a majority of the votes cast, the two receiving the highest number of votes declared elected. 3. In the event that only one of the nominees receives a majority, he shall be declared elected and the Board order a second election to be conducted between the two nominees receiving the next to highest number of votes. 4. In the event that no nominee receives a majority, a second election shall be conducted between the four candidates receiving the highest number of votes. The two nominees receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared elected.

Which items are required to have a warning (biohazard) label?

1. A sputum culture specimen 2. A container used to transport dirty surgical instruments 3. Contaminated equipment being sent out for repair

Dental Health Care Personnel Safety

1. All DHCP are screened for tuberculosis (TB) upon hire regardless of the risk classification of the setting. 2. Referral arrangements are in place to qualified health care professionals for prompt and appropriate provision of preventive services, occupationally related medical services, and postexposure management with medical follow-up. 3. Facility has well-defined policies concerning contact of personnel with patients when personnel have potentially transmissible conditions.

What ballot should have?

1. All names of nominees in alphabetical order 2. a notice by Board designating the latest day and hour for return mailing 3. other items to the Board discretion.

When education and training on infection prevention should be done?

1. Annually at a minimum. 2. when hired 3. when new tasks or procedures are introduced.

which of the following hand hygiene methods reduce resident flora?

1. Antiseptic handwash 2. Antiseptic hand rub 3. Surgical antisepsis

Who may aid and assist a licensed dentist in the administration of Nitrous Oxide - Oxygen Inhalant Conscious Sedation?

1. Any dental assistant or Dental Hygienist who completed an educational program recognized by the Board of not less than clock 7 hours on Nitrous Oxide - Oxygen Inhalants Conscious Sedation 2. Any dental hygienist or dental assistant who has been employed in a dental office where Nitrous Oxide - Oxygen Inhalant Conscious Sedation was utilized, and who can show evidence of performance and instruction of not less than one year prior to July 1, 1980, qualifies to aid and assist a licensed dentist in the administration of Nitrous Oxide - Oxygen Inhalant Conscious Sedation.

For dental facilities with open floor plans, strategies to prevent the spread of pathogens include:

1. At least 6 feet of space between patient chairs. 2. portable HEPA air filtration systems 3. Physical barriers between patient chairs. 4. Easy-to-clean floor-to-ceiling barriers

What are the most reliable method for monitoring the sterilization process?

1. Biological indicators 2. spore tests

Records and transcripts of Board meetings.

1. Board keeps a record of its transactions at all annual or special meetings 2. The book show: the license number and the date upon which such license was issued 3. name, proficiency and License number or date of granting license, certified under the hand of the secretary-treasurer, attested by the seal of the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners 4. admitted as evidence in any court of this State

How OSAP guideness is different from CDC guideness.

1. CDC's infection control guidelines outline only what dental workers need to do, not how they can do it. 2. OSAP guide will help you put the CDC guidelines into practice in your own setting

When and for what purpose NC Carolina Dental Board of Dental Examiners was created?

1. Chapter 139, Public Laws 1879 2. Chapter 178, Public Laws 1915 3. is the agency of the State for the regulation of the practice of dentistry in this State.

Any licensed dentist who: (1) Employs or engages the services without a written work order (2) Fails to retain a duplicate copy of the work order for two years (3) Refuses to allow the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners to inspect his files of work orders is guilty of:

1. Class 1 misdemeanor 2. North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners may revoke or suspend his license

"Dental hygiene" mean the performance of the following functions:

1. Complete oral prophylaxis 2. application of preventive agents to oral structures 3. exposure and processing of radiographs 4. administration of medicaments prescribed by a licensed dentist 5. preparation of diagnostic aids, and written records of oral conditions for interpretation by the dentist 6. the administration of local anesthetics by infiltration and block techniques by dental hygienists certified pursuant 7. administration of local anesthetics under the direct supervision of a dentist licensed to practice dentistry

What does the NC .0206 rule require for all healthcare organizations that invasive procedures of any type?

1. Conduct a training program for healthcare workers 2. Adopt a written infection control policy 3. Monitor compliance with infection control requirements Conduct program->Adopt policy ->Monitor compliance

Which disinfectants are used for immersion?

1. glutaraldehyde 2. hydrogen peroxide

When performing aerosol-generating procedures on patients who are not suspected or confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection, ensure that:

1. DHCP correctly wear the recommended PPE (including consideration of a NIOSH-approved particulate respirator with N95 filters or higher in counties with high levels of transmission) 2. use mitigation methods such as four-handed dentistry, high evacuation suction, and dental dams to minimize droplet spatter and aerosols.

If DHCP is viremic, what other conditions must be met for transmission of infection to occur?

1. DHCP must be injured or have a condition that allows direct exposure to their blood or other infectious body fluids. 2. DHCP must enable their blood or infectious body fluid to gain direct access to a patient's wound, traumatized tissue, mucous membranes, or similar portal of entry.

Tuberculosis risk

1. DHCP who have contact with patients can also be exposed to persons with infectious TB, and should have a baseline tuberculin skin test (TST), preferably by using a two-step test, at the beginning of employment 2. Thus, if an unprotected occupational exposure occurs, TST conversions can be distinguished from positive TST results caused by previous exposures . 3. The facility's level of TB risk will determine the need for routine follow-up TSTs

Who is eligible for a volunteer license in NC?

1. Dentist with out-of-state current or expired license 2. expired license in NC State 3. authorized to treat veterans or US Service members 4. has actively practice dentistry within the last 5 yrs

Disinfection

1. Destruction of pathogenic and other kinds of microorganisms by physical or chemical means. 2. Less lethal than sterilization, because it destroys the majority of recognized pathogenic microorganisms, but not necessarily all microbial forms (e.g., bacterial spores). 3. Disinfection does not ensure the degree of safety associated with sterilization processes.

Key ADMINISTRATIVE RECOMMENDATIONS for Dental Settings

1. Develop and maintain infection prevention and occupational health programs. 2. Provide supplies necessary for adherence to Standard Precautions a. hand hygiene products b. safer devices to reduce percutaneous injuries c. personal protective equipment 3. Assign at least one individual trained in infection prevention responsibility for coordinating the program. 4. Develop and maintain written infection prevention policies and procedures appropriate for the services provided by the facility and based on evidence-based guidelines, regulations, or standards. 5. Facility has system for early detection and management of potentially infectious persons at initial points of patient encounter.

Administrative measures

1. Develop and maintain occupational health programs 2. Assign infection control coordinator 3. provide necessary supplies to adhere to standard precautions 4. develop and maintain of written infection prevention policies 5. maintain a system for early detection and management of infectious persons

Hierarchy of Controls (most effective to least effective)

1. Elimination 2. Substitution 3. Engineering controls 4. Administrative controls 5. PPE

1. toilet facilities on the premises 2.All liquid and human waste, including floor wash water, shall be disposed of through trapped drains into a public sanitary sewer system in localities where such system is available. In localities where a public sanitary system is not available, liquid and human waste shall be disposed of in a manner approved by:

1. Environmental Health Section of the Division of Health Services 2. State Department of Human Resources.

Key Recommendation for PROGRAM EVALUATION in Dental Settings

1. Establish routine evaluation of the infection prevention program 2. evaluation of DHCP adherence to infection prevention practices.

list 2 high level disinfectants

1. Ethylene oxide gas 2. glutaraldehyde liquid

Who is eligible to vote for the Board of Dentistry in NC?

1. Every dentist with a current North Carolina license residing or practicing in North Carolina shall be eligible to vote in elections of dentists to the Board. 2. Every dental hygienist with a current North Carolina license residing or practicing in North Carolina shall be eligible to vote in elections of dental hygienists to the Board.

Limited Volunteer License

1. Expired out-of-state license 2. Actively practiced within the last 5 years 3. Employment- non-profit healthcare facility serving low-income pop only 4. 5000 hours of clinical care directly to patients within the last five years, not including post graduate training, residency programs or an internship 5. 1000 hours per year of clinical care directly to patients, for a minimum of five years, not including post graduate training, residency programs or an internship

Board may refuse to grant renewal of license, provisional license or Intern permit by North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners for the following reasons:

1. For nonpayment of fee 2. failure to comply with continuing education 3. for violation of any of the terms or provisions concerning disciplinary actions.

Sterile:

1. Free from all living microorganisms; usually described as a probability 2. the probability of a surviving microorganism being 1 in 1 million).

Take action to stay healthy

1. Get immunized 2. Report occupational injuries and exposures immediately 3. Follow the advice of the medical care provider evaluating your occupational exposure

Is there treatment or vaccination with Hep B vaccine if a person is exposed, but previously was vaccinated and if responder is unknown?

1. HBIG 2. Initiate Hep B vaccination 3. or 2 doses of HBIG

Post exposure prophylaxis for Hep B for unvaccinated person if HBsAG positive:

1. HBIG 2. Initiate Hep B vaccine series

Standard Precautions

1. Hand hygiene. 2. Use of personal protective equipment 3. Respiratory hygiene cough etiquette. 4. Sharps safety 5. Safe injection practices 6. Sterile instruments and devices. 7. Clean and disinfected environmental surfaces.

Which of the following immunizations are recommended for DHCP?

1. Hepatitis B 2. MMR

Devices involved in percutaneous injury

1. Hollow bore needle 2. Suture needle 3. Other solid sharps 4. Scalpel 5. Glass

Why board can refuse to grant a license to an applicant?

1. If an applicant is deficient in the examination 2. guilty of cheating, deception or fraud during the examination 3. a deficiency in academic or clinical education.

Three types of reactions to natural rubber products:

1. IgE-mediated allergic reaction (Type I) 2. allergic contact dermatitis (Type IV) 3. Irritant contact dermatitis.

chain of infection

1. Infectious agent 2. reservoir 3. portal of exit 4. mode of transmission 5. portal of entry 6. susceptible host

What happens if there is a tie between candidates?

1. It shall be resolved by the vote of the Board of Dental Examiners 2. if a member of that Board is one of the candidates in the tie, he may not participate in such vote.

Make objects safe for use:

1. Know the different decontamination processes 2. Read chemical germicide labels 3. Monitor processes to make sure they're working as they should

Low-level disinfectant

1. Liquid chemical germicide registered with EPA as a hospital disinfectant. 2. OSHA requires low-level hospital disinfectants also to have a label claim for potency against HIV and HBV if used for disinfecting clinical contact surfaces

Requirements for renewal of local anesthesia permit for RDH:

1. Maintain current CPR training 2. annually complete two hours of approved continuing education in Local Anesthesia

The CDC recommends the following to achieve optimal glove performance:

1. Maintain short fingernails. 2 Minimize or eliminate hand jewelry. 3. Use engineering and work-practice controls to avoid injuries with sharps

Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act (2000)

1. Mandated recordkeeping for all needlestick and sharp injuries 2. required employee involvement in developing safer devices 3. encourages the use of safety-engineered sharps devices to better protect healthcare personnel from sharp injuries

The NC OSH Division covers private sector workplaces in the state with the exception of:

1. Maritime employment, including shipyard employment, marine terminals, and longshoring; 2. Contract workers and contractor-operated facilities engaged in United States Postal Service (USPS) mail operations; 3. Employment on Indian reservations; 4. Enforcement relating to any contractors or subcontractors on any federal establishment where the land has been ceded to the federal government; 5. Railroad employment, not otherwise regulated by another federal agency; 6. Enforcement on military bases; 7. The American National Red Cross 8. All working conditions of aircraft cabin crewmembers onboard aircraft in operation.

which of the following infectious disease require restrictions?

1. Measles 2. Mumps 3. Pertussis

Microfilter

1. Membrane filter used to trap microorganisms suspended in water. 2. installed on dental unit waterlines as a retrofit device.

Bioburden

1. Microbiological load 2. organic material on a surface 3. object before decontamination, or sterilization. 4. Also known as bioload or microbial load.

What are risk of be infected by hepatitis?

1. Needles contaminated with blood containing HBV, the risk of developing clinical hepatitis if the blood was positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg was 22%--31% 2. the risk of developing serologic evidence of HBV infection was 37%--62% 3. the risk of developing clinical hepatitis from a needle contaminated with HBsAg-positive, HBeAg-negative blood was 1%--6% 4. the risk of developing serologic evidence of HBV infection, 23%--37% .

Immunity of a member "Dental Peer Review Protection Act."

1. No member of a dental peer review committee of a State or local dental society held liable in damages to any person for any action taken or recommendation made within the scope of the functions of that committee 2. except Medicare and Medicaid charges

Is employer required to get vaccine available to the employees?

1. OSHA requires that employers make hepatitis B vaccination available to all employees who have potential contact with blood or OPIM. 2. Employers are also required to follow CDC recommendations for vaccinations, evaluation, and follow-up procedures

OSHA requirements for hepatitis B vaccination

1. OSHA requires that employers make hepatitis B vaccination available to all employees who have potential contact with blood or OPIM. 2. Employers are also required to follow CDC recommendations for vaccinations, evaluation, and follow-up procedures 3. Employers are also required to ensure that employees who decline to accept hepatitis B vaccination sign an appropriate declination statement

Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD)

1. Occurs when skin comes into contact with irritating chemicals and rash on inflammation appears. 2. appears in Individuals who use rubber products frequently 3. different from allergic contact dermatitis. 4. It is not mediated by an immune system sensitization and reaction 5. caused by frequent skin washing, sweating and/or irritation from powder lubricants.

CDC concepts of precautions

1. Old: universal precautions - reduce blood exposures standard 2. New: standard precautions -all aspects of disease transmission.

Infection Prevention Education and Training

1. Ongoing education and training of DHCP on the basic principles and practices for preventing the spread of infections should be provided to all DHCP. 2. Training should include: a. DHCP safety (e.g., OSHA bloodborne pathogens training) b. patient safety (e.g., emphasizing job- or task-specific needs).

Who can ADVERTISE as SPECIALIST?

1. Only dentists who have successfully completed a postdoctoral course approved by the American Dental Association Commission on Accreditation in a specialty area recognized by the ADA or have been approved by one of the specialty examining Boards recognized by the ADA. 2. If specialty service provided by "non specialist" an add must state that the services advertised are to be provided by a general dentist.

OPIM

1. Other Potentially Infectious Materials are contaminated with blood or with body fluid that may contain blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and saliva. 2. Also includes needles, suction equipment, soiled linens, dressings, and other care items & equipment

CORPORATE OR LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY NAME

1. PA - Professional Association 2. PC - Professional Corporation 3. PLLC - Professional Limited Liability Company All names contain only the name or surname of one or more of the shareholders or members and may include the words: 1. Associate(s) D.D.S, D.M.D. 2. the geographic location of the company. 3. The company name may not be false, deceptive or misleading.

Droplet nuclei:

1. Particles <5 µm in diameter 2. can remain suspended in the air for long periods of time.

Functions Permitted to DA I

1. Perform Extra-Oral Adjustments of any Temp. Restoration or Appliance 2. Initially Form & Size Orthodontic Arch Wires & Place Arch Wires after Final Adjustment & Approval by DDS 3. Apply Topical Anesthetics/DentiPatch® 4. Apply Topical Fluoride 5. Expose Radiographs (conditions apply) 6. Write Laboratory Work Orders (Exact words must be dictated by the dentist) 7. Write Prescriptions (Drugs) (Exact words must be dictated by the dentist 8. Polish Dentures (Extra-orally, upon instruction by the dentist and re-insertion by the dentist) 9. Monitors pt.'s under Nitrous Oxide (After completing a 7-hour Board-approved course in nitrous oxide-oxygen conscious sedation, unless included in ADA-accredited program (DAII) 10. Oral Hygiene Instruction 11. Place Amalgam in Prep w/Carrier 12. Take Pulse, Blood Pressure & Temperature

Which of the following are the critical items?

1. Periodontal scalers 2. Surgical instruments

What 2 hours of Local Anesthetic CE should include for RDH?

1. Pharmacology 2. medical emergencies related to local anesthesia 3. a review of local anesthetic technique, contraindications, systemic complications 4. a general overview of dental office emergencies.

5 acts that are considered unprofessional conduct of an RDH

1. Presenting false or misleading testimony statements or records to the board 2. sexual assault or battery 3. violating a lawful order of the Board 4. acquiring any controlled substance by misrepresentation 5. having connection with illegal practice of dental hygiene

applicable state and federal laws

1. Privacy Rule of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996, 45 CFR 160 and 164 2. the OSHA Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens; Final Rule 29 CFR 1910.1030

Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs):

1. Protective antibody against HBsAg. 2. Presence in the blood can indicate any of the below: a. past infection with HBV b. immunity to HBV c. immune response from hepatitis B vaccine.

What is OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

1. Regulation that prescribes safeguards to protect workers against health hazards related to bloodborne pathogens. 2. Requirements on employers of workers who may be exposed to blood or other potentially infectious materials

What germicides are effective against?

1. Salmonella choleraesuis 2. Staphylococcus aureus 3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)

1. Secreted product of the nucleocapsid gene of HBV found in serum during acute and chronic HBV infection. 2. virus is replicating 3. marker of increased infectivity.

Limit the spread of contamination

1. Set up the operatory before starting treatment; unit-dose supplies 2. Cover surfaces that will be contaminated 3. Minimize splashes and spatter 4. Properly dispose of all waste

Highest risk of transmission would be from the following injury:

1. Sharps 2. Hollow-bore needle

What are the requirements for the consumer Board member?

1. Should be a citizen and resident of North Carolina 2. Should be no Dentist neither Hygienist

Droplets

1. Small particles of moisture generated when a person coughs or sneezes, or when water is converted to a fine mist by an aerator or shower head. 2. can contain infectious microorganisms 3. quickly settle from the air

What types of sterilizers used in dentistry?

1. Steam under pressure 2. Dry heat 3. Unsaturated chemical vapors

To renew the Temporary Volunteer Dental License the licensee must:

1. Submit an affidavit stating that all information on the original application is correct and requires no update or correction; 2. A certificate of licensure from all jurisdictions in which the applicant is currently licensed 3. A statement signed by a NC licensed dentist agreeing to provide supervision or direction, affirming that no fee or monetary compensation of any kind will be paid 4. A statement signed by the applicant stating where the applicant will practice, the type of facility where the practice will occur, the duration of the practice, the name of the supervising dentist, and affirming that no fee will be charged or accepted.

When petitions shall be filled by the Board of Dental Elections?

1. Subsequent to January 1 of the year in which the election is to be held 2. from April 1 to 20 May 3. not less than 10 days' notice of such earlier date shall be given to all dentists or dental hygienists qualified to sign a petition of nomination.

ACIP DOES NOT RECOMMEND ROUTINE IMMUNIZATION OF:

1. TB (i.e., inoculation with bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine) 2. hepatitis A

Not recommended vaccination:

1. TB (i.e., inoculation with bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine) 2. hepatitis A.

Who provides national guidelines for immunization of DHCP?

1. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Dental practice immunization policies should incorporate current state and federal regulations 2. U.S. Public Health Service and professional organizations

Functions of the Board of Dental Examiners

1. The administration of licensure examinations for dentists and dental hygienists 2. The promulgation of rules and enforcement of laws and regulations 3. The issuance and renewal of licenses

Examination badge for the candidate requirement:

1. The badge contains the candidate's photograph and will be presented to the candidate prior to the examination. 2. The number on the badge will be the only identification allowed on any paper or manuscript during this examination. 3. This badge must be returned to the Board at the completion of the examination.

Seroconversion:

1. The change of a serological test from negative to positive 2. indicates the development of antibodies in response to infection or immunization.

Confidentiality of teledentistry

1. The licensee shall ensure that any electronic and digital communication used in the practice of teledentistry is secure to maintain confidentiality of the patient's medical information 2. required by HIPAA and all other applicable laws and administrative regulations. 3. Patients are entitled to protection of their medical information no less stringent than the requirements that apply to patients receiving in-person services.

Endotoxin

1. The lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria, the toxic character of which resides in the lipid protein. 2. Endotoxins can produce pyrogenic reactions in persons exposed to their bacterial component.

What if more than one nominee eligible for election to a single seat

1. The nominee receiving a majority of the votes cast shall be declared elected 2. second election shall be conducted between the two nominees who receive the highest number of votes.

Confidentiality of review organization's proceedings and records.

1. The proceedings and records of a dental review committee except those concerning the investigation and consideration of Medicare and Medicaid charges or payments, shall be held in confidence and shall not be subject to discovery or introduction into evidence in any civil action arising out of the matters which are the subject of evaluation and review by the committee 2. no person who was in attendance at a meeting of the committee shall be permitted or required to testify in any civil action as to any evidence or other matters produced or presented during the proceedings of the committee or as to any findings, recommendations, evaluations, opinions, or other actions of the committee or any members thereof, except with regard to Medicare and Medicaid charges or payments

Teledentistry practice: definitions and requirements.

1. The provision of dental services by use of any electronic or other digital means. 2. under the supervision of a licensed dentist when performed pursuant to the licensed dentist's order, control, and approval 3. do not require the physical presence of the licensed dentist.

Who and how shall serve the process issued by the Dental Board President or Secretary-Treasurer?

1. The sheriff or other proper official of any county of the State 2. in the same manner as process issued by any court of record.

Medicare and Medicaid charges or payments testimony rule

1. The testimony information, documents or records must be available from original sources are not to be construed as immune from discovery or use in any civil action merely because they were presented during proceedings of a committee, nor should any person who testifies before a committee or who is a member of a committee be prevented from testifying as to matters within his knowledge 2. the witness shall not be asked about his testimony before a committee or opinions formed by him as a result of the committee hearings, except with regard to Medicare and Medicaid charges or payments

When the Board may refuse to grant a license?

1. To any person guilty of crime 2. to any person addicted to the use of alcoholic liquors or narcotic drugs to such an extent as, in the opinion of the Board, renders the applicant unfit to practice dentistry. 3. Any license obtained through fraud or by any false representation shall be void ab initio and of no effect.

Surgical antiseptics rub is used:

1. To reduce the release of skin bacteria from the hands of the surgical team for the duration of the procedure 2. must eliminate the transient and reduce the resident flora.

Application for Board conducted examination photo requirements:

1. Two identical photographs of the applicant, taken within six months prior to the date of the application, not over two inches in height. 2. One photograph must be affixed to the application and the second photograph must be paper-clipped to the application to be used as part of the identification badge.

Prevention of Infection transmission in Dental Office:

1. Use of PPE 2. Keeping hands away from face 3. Use of mouth, nose, and eye protection during procedures that are likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood or other body fluids. 4. Limiting surfaces touched 5. Removing PPE when leaving work areas 6. Performing hand hygiene

Decontamination:

1. Use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy pathogens on a surface or item 2. they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles 3. the surface or item is rendered safe for handling, use, or disposal.

According to OSHA bloodborne pathogen standards, which of the following is required of dental offices?

1. Use of standard precautions 2. Employee training 3 Hepatitis B vaccination provided at no cost

Transmission-Based Precautions

1. Used when patients have diseases that can spread through contact, droplet or airborne routes (e.g., skin contact, sneezing, coughing) 2. Always used in addition to Standard Precautions. Dental settings are not typically designed to carry out all of the Transmission-Based Precautions 3. DHCP should develop and carry out systems for early detection and management of potentially infectious patients at initial points of entry to the dental setting. 4. To the extent possible, this includes rescheduling non-urgent dental care

Which of the following is included into the steps that should be immediately followed after the sharps injury?

1. Wash needlesticks and cuts with soap and water 2. Report incident to our supervisor 3. Immediately seek medical treatment

steps should be followed immediately after needlestick injury:

1. Wash needlesticks and cuts with soap and water. 2. Flush splashes to nose, mouth, or skin with water. 3. Irrigate eyes with clean water, saline, or sterile irrigant. 4. Report incident to a supervisor. 5. Immediately seek medical treatment

Avoid contacting blood / body fluids:

1. Wear gloves 2. protective clothing, and face and eye protection 3. Handle sharps with care 4. Use mechanical devices to clean instruments whenever possible. 5. Use safety devices as appropriate

Healthcare-associated infection (HAI)

1. While patients are receiving healthcare, they can be infected by germs unrelated to their treatment. 2. healthcare-associated infections, or HAIs, occur in hospitals, medical and dental offices, urgent care centers, dialysis centers, nursing homes and any other setting where healthcare is delivered.

Radiation limits for the employee at dental office:

1. Whole body: 1.25 rem per quarter 2. Hands and forearms: 18.75 rem per quarter 3. Skin of whole body: 7.5 rem per quarter

Varicella evidence of immunity

1. Written proof of 2 dose vaccination 2. Lab evidence of immunity or lab proof of disease 3. Diagnosis history of varicella or herpes zoster

Infection requires that all of the following conditions be present:

1. a pathogenic organism of sufficient virulence and in adequate numbers to cause disease 2. a reservoir or source that allows the pathogen to survive and multiply (e.g., blood); 3. a mode of transmission from the source to the host; a portal of entry through which the pathogen can enter the host; and 4. a susceptible host (i.e., one who is not immune). 5. port of exit

Intern permit is issued to:

1. a person who is not licensed in NC 2. is a graduate of a dental school, college, or institution approved by the Board

Symptoms of Type IV allergic contact dermatitis reactions are confined to the skin:

1. a red rash papules - an elevation in the skin that is solid and can be colored - many papules together appear as a rash 2. vesiculation - a blister-type rash 3. oozing

What if no nominee receive a majority for two seats

1. a second election shall be conducted between the four candidates receiving the highest number of votes. 2. the two nominees receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared elected.

Contents of original license.

1. a serial number 2. the full name of the applicant 3. the date of issuance 4. shall be signed by the president and the majority of the members of the said Board and attested by the seal of Board and the secretary.

The certificate of renewal of license shall bear:

1. a serial number which need not be the serial number of the original license issued 2. the full name of the applicant 3. the date of issuance.

Special impaired dentist peer review organizations may include:

1. a statewide supervisory committee 2. various regional and local components or subgroups.

If an applicant has failed the clinical portion of the exam 3 times.

1. additional course of study in clinical dentistry for at least one academic year in the area of the deficiency on the examination 2. additional experience and expertise in clinical dentistry 3. evidence of the additional study.

Power of the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners Secretary-Treasurer:

1. administer oaths 2. issue subpoenas 3. investigation or proceeding conducted by it.

List antiseptics

1. alcohols 2. chlorhexidine 3. chlorine 4. hexachlorophene 5. iodine 6. chloroxylenol [PCMX] 7. quaternary ammonium compounds 8. triclosan

Meningococcal vaccine should be administered to DHCP with:

1. anatomic or functional asplenia 2. persistent complement component

Types of germicide

1. antiseptics: inactivate microorganisms in or on living tissue 2. disinfectants: inactivate microorganisms on environmental surfaces

Who shall be granted Dental Instructor license?

1. any person or persons licensed to practice dentistry anywhere in the United States or in any country, territory or other recognized jurisdiction until December 31, 2002. 2. On or after January 1, 2003 application to the Board and payment of the required fee

Medical Waste

1. any solid waste which is generated in the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals 2. does not include any hazardous waste, radioactive waste, household waste, or those substances excluded from the definition of solid waste.

The North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners shall grant licenses to practice dentistry to:

1. applicants who are graduates of a reputable dental institution 2. in the opinion of a majority of the Board, shall undergo a satisfactory examination of proficiency in the knowledge and practice of dentistry 3. has an academic education 4. a graduate of and has a diploma from a reputable dental college or the dental department of a reputable university or college recognized, accredited and approved

dental unit waterlines (DUWL) are often contaminated with:

1. bacteria 2. fungi 3. protozoa 4. viruses

Heterotrophic bacteria

1. bacteria requiring an organic carbon source for growth 2. deriving energy and carbon from organic compounds.

Regulated medical waste at NC

1. blood and body fluids in individual containers in volumes greater than 20 ml 2. microbiological waste 3. pathological waste that have not been treated. .

dental care workers might be exposed to infectious materials such as:

1. body substances 2. contaminated medical supplies and equipment 3. contaminated environmental surfaces 4. contaminated water or air.

How vacationed Board seats should be filled?

1. by a majority vote of the remaining members of the Board to serve until the next regular election conducted by the Board 2. the vacancy will be filled by the election process

When and how the nominee can withdraw his name?

1. by written notice delivered to the Board of Dental Elections or its designated secretary 2. at any time prior to the closing of the polls in any election.

Type I latex allergy

1. can be life threatening. 2. serious and preventing. 3. begins after 1 hour exposure to latex

Requirements for DA II to allow coronal polishing

1. complete a course in coronal polishing identical to that taught in an ADA accredited dental assisting program 3. trained by a licensed North Carolina hygienist or dentist 4. training for seven clock hours

Any dentist who fails to renew a general anesthesia or sedation permit on or before March 31 of each year must

1. complete a reinstatement application, pay the $100.00 renewal fee. 2. $100.00 penalty 3. comply with all conditions for renewal

Parenteral conscious sedation requirements:

1. completion of a minimum of a 60 hr didactic training and instruction in IV conscious sedation and minimum of 10hr patient supervision using IV sedation 2. undergraduate program which included IV conscious sedation 3. completion of an internship or residency which includes IV conscious sedation training equivalent 4. authorization for use of general anesthesia by holding a permit for the same issued board 5. certified registered nurse anesthesia under his supervision to administer IV sedation

How HAIs can spread

1. contaminated or improperly used equipment 2. unclean hands of a healthcare worker.

Dental patients and DHCP can be exposed to pathogenic microorganisms including: list all of them

1. cytomegalovirus (CMV) 2. HBV 3. HCV 4. herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 5. HIV 6. Mycobacterium tuberculosis 7. staphylococci 8. streptococci 9. other viruses and bacteria that colonize or infect the oral cavity and respiratory tract.

The Board shall adopt rules to apply to the operation of impaired dentist peer review programs, with provisions for:

1. definitions of impairment 2. guidelines for program elements; procedures for receipt and use of information of suspected impairment 3. procedures for intervention and referral 4. arrangements for monitoring treatment, rehabilitation, posttreatment support and performance 5. reports of individual cases to the Board 6. periodic reporting of statistical information 7. assurance of confidentiality of nonpublic information and of the peer review process.

Delivery of service in teledentistry.

1. delivered by a licensed dentist or a licensed dental hygienist who is under the supervision of a licensed dentist. 2. Licensees shall comply with all rules of professional conduct and applicable State and federal law

Requirements for valid ballot.

1. delivered to said Board by hand or by mail 2. sealed. 3. signed

A well-designed infection control program should include which of the following?

1. description of exposure risk 2. Review of prevention strategies and infection control policies and procedures 3. Review of work restrictions for the exposure or infection

What are the minimum hours of practice for volunteer license holder?

100

effective hand washing removes what percent of transient microorganisms

100

What injuries are among the most efficient modes of HBV transmission?

1. direct or indirect blood or body fluid exposures that inoculated HBV into cutaneous scratches, abrasions, burns, other lesions, or on mucosal surfaces. 2. contact with environmental surfaces among patients and HCP in hemodialysis units.

IgE-mediated allergic reactions (Type I) triggered by:

1. direct skin contact 2. mucosal surface contact (eyes, nose, mouth, etc.) 3. inhaling latex particles

Options suggested by the CDC in the absence of an N95 respirator include:

1. disposable filtering facepiece respirators 2. PAPRs 3. elastomeric respirators. 4. ASTM level 3 surgical mask and full-face shield

If member of the Board of Dental Examiners whose position is to be filled at any election is nominated to succeed himself, and does not withdraw his name:

1. disqualified to serve as a member of the Board of Dental Elections for that election 2. the remaining members of the Board of Dental Elections shall proceed and function without his participation.

As a condition for renewal of the minimal conscious sedation permit and the moderate conscious sedation permit limited to oral routes and nitrous oxide inhalation, the permit holder shall meet the FOLLOWING requirements

1. document annual, successful completion of BLS training 2. six hours of continuing education every two years

Conditions for renewal of the general anesthesia permit:

1. document current, successful completion of advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) training, 2. auxiliary personnel shall document annual, successful completion of b(BLS) training. 3. obtain three hours of continuing education each year

When and how often education and training on infection control should be provided for DHCP?

1. during orientation to the setting 2. when new tasks or procedures are introduced 3. minimum annually. 5. Training records should be maintained according to state and federal requirements.

When OSHA training should be provided?

1. during work hours 2. at no cost to the worker 3. at the time of initial hire 4. annually. 5. equipment update

Election president and secretary-treasurer

1. elected at each annual meeting 2. The common seal adopted by the Board continue as the seal of the Board.

What is done in the case of the death or withdrawal of a candidate prior to the closing of the polls in any election?

1. eliminated from the contest 2. any votes cast for him are disregarded.

What rules of regulations general anesthesia and enteral and parenteral sedation include?

1. examination and inspection of dental offices involved. 2. fees established by Board rules for each permit application

semi-retired Class II CE requirements

1. exempt from one half of the continuing education courses 2. must maintain current CPR certification.

HBV is usually transmitted during contact with blood. DHCP, may become infected when:

1. exposed to an infected patient's blood through a stick or cut with a sharp instrument 2. through spatter contacting their eyes, nose, or mouth. 3. Getting patient blood on cuts and cracks in skin

What provisions OSHA'S Bloodborne Pathogens Standard include?

1. exposure control plans 2. engineering controls 3. Work practice controls 4. hepatitis B vaccinations 5. hazard communication and training 6. recordkeeping

Written policies and procedures:

1. facilitate prompt reporting, evaluation, counseling, treatment, and medical follow-up of all occupational exposures should be available to all DHCP. 2. should be consistent with federal, state, and local requirements addressing education and training, postexposure management, and exposure reporting

How to obtain NC Dental Intern permit?

1. file with the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners documents required 2. pay for the application 3. A fee paid for any renewal. 4. supply to the Board other documents, materials or information as the Board may request; 5. comply with limitations, rules and regulations

This CDC health advisory highlights the importance of:

1. following guidelines to prevent infections in healthcare settings 2. continued education and training of healthcare workers in infection prevention and control.

For how long persons infected with HBV can transmit the virus

1. for as long as they are HBsAg-positive. 2. The risk of HBV transmission is highly related to the HBeAg status of the source person.

Mitigation METHODS FOR AEROSOL-GENERATING PROCEDURES to minimize droplet spatter and aerosols:

1. four-handed dentistry 2. high evacuation suction 3. dental dams

How many hours/years DA I shell work to be eligible to become DA II?

1. full-time employment as a Dental Assistant I for two years of the preceding five 2. 3,000 hours total/2 years

Meningococcal risk groups

1. functional asplenia 2. persistent complement component 3. HIV

Surgical procedures on an HIV-infected patient:

1. hand-to-hand passing of sharp instruments would be eliminated 2. stapling instruments rather than hand-suturing equipment might be used to perform tissue approximation 3. electrocautery devices rather than scalpels might be used as cutting instruments; 4. gowns that totally prevent seepage of blood onto the skin of members of the operative team might be worn

Use soap and water when:

1. hands are visibly soiled (blood, body fluids) 2. otherwise, an alcohol-based hand rub may be used.

HCP are considered to be at substantial risk for acquiring or transmitting of what vaccine-preventable infections?

1. hepatitis B 2. influenza 3. measles 4. mumps 5. rubella 6. varicella.

what is recommended to reduce spatter and aerosols.

1. high-velocity air evacuation 2. rubber dams

Pathological waste

1. human tissues, organs, body parts, secretions and excretions, blood and body fluids that are removed during surgery and autopsies 2. the carcasses and body parts of all animals that were exposed to pathogens in research

Solicit input from non-managerial employees responsible for direct patient care, who are potentially exposed to injuries from contaminated sharps, in the:

1. identification 2. evaluation 3. selection of effective engineering and work practice controls 4. document the solicitation in the Exposure Control Plan

Where NC dental intern permit holder can practice dentistry?

1. in a hospital, sanatorium or any other licensed or approved institution 2. nonprofit health care facility serving low-income populations and approved by the State Health Director or his designee and approved by the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners 3. the State of North Carolina or an agency or political subdivision, or any other approved governmental entity within the State of North Carolina

STAGES of Infectious diseases:

1. incubation stage, which is the time from when the infectious agent entered the body until symptoms of disease are evident. 2. prodromal stage,which is when initial symptoms such as malaise or headache present. 3. acute stage, the person becomes visibly sick and most potential for transmission of the agent, and when dental visits should be avoided if possible. 4. convalescent or recovery microbe levels are decreased and detrimental microbial products are being deactivated by the body. Transmission is still possible, however, as the infectious agent has not been entirely eradicated

The risk of infection after exposure to a bloodborne virus is influenced by

1. inoculum size 2. route of exposure 3. susceptibility of the exposed HCP

What coronal polishing course for DA II should include?

1. instruction on dental morphology 2. the periodontal complex 3. operation of handpieces 4. polish aids 5. patient safety. 6. a list of approved ADA programs for DA

North Carolina Caring Dental Professionals members serve as:

1. interventions, to direct impaired dentists into treatment 2. monitors of those individuals receiving treatment

For an evacuation system to be considered a high volume evacuate:

1. it must remove high volumes of air. 2. a bore hole size of 8mm or more.

Irritant Contact Dermatitis symptoms:

1. itchy, but most commonly is dry, red, and accompanied by skin cracking. 2. rarely papules, vesiculation or oozing of the skin. 3. It never extends beyond the point of contact with the offending irritant.

Conditions for Instructor's license

1. licensed to practice dentistry anywhere in the United States or in any country, territory, or other recognized jurisdiction. 2. Has met or been approved under the credentialing standards of a dental school or an academic medical center with which the person is to be affiliated; such dental school or academic medical center shall be accredited by the American Dental Association's Commission on Accreditation or the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations. 3. may not be a holder of NC license

Who is entitled to vote for Dental Board in NC?

1. licensed to practice in North Carolina 2. practicing in North Carolina or 3. residing in North Carolina

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) groups disinfectants on the basis of disinfectant capabilities:

1. limited 2. general 3. hospital

OSHA has defined regulated medical waste as:

1. liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially infectious material (OPIM) 2. contaminated items that would release blood or OPIM in a liquid or semi-liquid state if compressed 3. items that are caked with dried blood or OPIM and are capable of releasing these materials during handling 4. contaminated sharps 5. pathological and microbiological wastes containing blood or OPIM.

Double glove provide:

1. lower frequency of inner glove perforation 2. additional protection from occupational blood contact

Specific patients for whom serologic testing has been advocated include:

1. major operative procedures 2. treatment in critical-care units, especially if they have conditions involving uncontrolled bleeding.

Colony-forming unit (CFU/mL)

1. minimum number (i.e., tens of millions) of separable cells on the surface of or in semisolid agar medium that give rise to a visible colony of progeny. 2. can consist of pairs, chains, clusters, or as single cells

1. Retired Class I dentist: 2. Semi-retired Class II dentist:

1. no more than 250 clock hours per year practice 2. no more than 1,000 clock hours per year practice

Time span for Intern Permit and rules of extension

1. no more than 72 calendar months. 2. Can be extended for not more than five additional one-year periods in span of no more than 72 calendar months. 3. State may, in the Board's discretion, have the intern permit renewed for additional one-year periods beyond 72 months if the intern permit holder's approved employing institution comes before the Board on the permit holder's behalf for each subsequent annual renewal;

Preparation of ballots

1. notify all persons who have been duly nominated of their nomination. 2.ballots contain the names of all nominees in alphabetical order 3. method of identification 4. instructions and requirements printed 5. a ballot and a return official envelope addressed to Board is mailed to each person entitled to vote 6. set the latest day and hour for return mailing 7. printed on the left portion of its face the following: Serial No. of Envelope Signature of Voter Address of Voter

The volunteer license renewal:

1. on an annual basis 2. practiced a minimum of 100 hours 3. completed CE requirements 4. current CPR certification. 5. $100

Work practice controls include the use of a:

1. one-hand needle recapping 2. not using fingers for cheek retraction while using sharp instruments or suturing 3. use of personal protective equipment (PPE)

Type N sterilizers designed for:

1. only non-wrapped solid instruments 2. capable of sterilization if the handpiece is washed beforehand

Air flow and orientation of patients to prevent COVID-19 SPREAD when using vestibule-type office layouts:

1. operatories oriented parallel to the direction of airflow 2. place the patient's head near the return air vents, away from pedestrian corridors, and toward the rear wall

Common reasons for positive spore tests include:

1. overloading 2. incorrect or excessive packaging materials

Necessary transmission-based precautions might include:

1. patient placement 2. isolation 3. adequate room ventilation 4. respiratory protection (N-95 masks) for DHCP 5. postponement of nonemergency dental procedures.

Conditions for Dental License renewal:

1. pay license, general anesthesia, and sedation permit renewal fees 2. CPR certification 3. renew professional association and corporation registrations 4. comply with the Dental Board's CE rules.

What sources can contribute to mercury vapor exposure?

1. placement or removal of amalgam fillings 2. Malfunctioning amalgamators 3. Contaminated instruments 4. Open storage of amalgam scraps

Administrative controls

1. policies 2. procedures 3. enforcement measures targeted at reducing the risk of exposure to infectious persons are a priority for certain pathogens airborne (e.g., M. tuberculosis)

OSHA guidelines and requirements for dental offices include, but are not limited to:

1. proper PPE use 2. bloodborne pathogen standards 3. hazard communication standards 4. ionizing radiation 5. formaldehyde, silica and beryllium exposure.

Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG)

1. prophylaxis against HBV 2. HBIG is prepared from plasma containing high titers of hepatitis B surface antibody f(anti-HBs)

Engineering controls

1. puncture-resistant sharps containers 2. needle-retraction devices primary strategies for protecting DHCP and patients.

Ultrasonic cleaner:

1. removes debris by a process called cavitation, in which waves of acoustic energy are propagated in aqueous solutions to disrupt the bonds that hold particulate matter to surfaces. 2. 15 minutes penetration

What should be done by the Board with the lost ballot?

1. replacement 2. safeguard against abuse.

If voters sealed envelope is lost:

1. replacement of lost or destroyed envelopes or ballots 2. safeguard against abuse.

The statewide supervisory committee consist of:

1. representatives from the North Carolina Dental Society 2. the University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry 3. the East Carolina University School of Dental Medicine 4. the Board.

What must be done in any election, if there is a tie between candidates?

1. resolved by the vote of the Board of Dental Examiners 2. if a member of that Board is one of the candidates in the tie, he may not participate in such vote.

Who can take dental radiographs in the State of NC?

1. satisfactory performed examination, recognized by the Board of Dental Examiners, based on: A. 7 hours of instruction in the production and use of dental x rays B. not less than 7 hours in clinical dental radiology.

Neurodegenerative diseases caused by Prion

1. scrapie 2. CJD 3. bovine spongiform encephalopathy [BSE]).

10 hours credit per year

1. service on a full-time basis on the faculty of an educational institution with direct involvement in education, training, or research in dental or dental auxiliary programs 2. service on a full-time basis on the faculty of an educational institution with direct involvement in education, training, or research in dental or dental auxiliary programs

a dentist who practices not more than 250 clock hours in a calendar year CE requirements (Class I)

1. shall be exempted from all continuing education requirements 2. must maintain current CPR certification.

What is a time frame for the nominee petition?

1. shall be filed with said Board of Dental Elections subsequent to January 1 2. Between April 1st and May 20

What is the minimum time required to destroy transient microorganisms in this method of hand washing?

15 seconds

Who are the Members of the Dental Board

1. six dentists who are licensed to practice dentistry in North Carolina 2. one dental hygienist who is licensed to practice dental hygiene in North Carolina 3. one consummer member, a person who shall be a citizen and resident of North Carolina (not a dental professional)

airborne, droplet, or contact transmission is possible through:

1. sneezing 2. coughing 3. contact with skin

Dental health care personnel can reduce their risk of percutaneous injuries by:

1. standard precautions 2. engineering controls 3. work-practice controls for all sharps 4. safe injection practices

licensee using teledentistry services in the provision of dental services to a patient shall:

1. take appropriate steps to establish the licensee-patient relationship 2. conduct all appropriate evaluations and history of the patient 3. provide access to comprehensive dental care where clinically indicated.

Who has a power to approve acquisition of property by the Dental Board?

1. the Governor 2. the Council of the State

What if there one candidate for two positions?

1. the candidate is declared elected 2. one qualified dentist is elected to the other position by the Board of Dental Examiners

A provisional license shall be valid until

1. the date of the announcement of the results of the next succeeding Board examination of candidates for licensure to practice dentistry in this State 2. unless the same shall be earlier revoked or suspended by the Board.

If there one candidate for two positions:

1. the one candidate shall be declared elected 2. one qualified dentist shall be elected to the other position by the Board

Vaccination

1. the process of administering a killed or weakened infectious organism or a toxoid 2. does not always result in immunity.

What should happen if if a majority of the members are not present at the time and the place appointed for the meeting?

1. those members of the Board present may adjourn from day to day until a quorum is present 2. the action of the Board taken at any adjourned meeting shall have the same force and effect as if had upon the day and at the hour of the meeting called and adjourned from day to day.

conscious sedation permit fee

1. three-hundred seventy-five dollars ($375.00) that includes 2. the one hundred dollar ($100.00) application fee 3. two-hundred seventy-five dollar ($275.00) inspection fee.

Board has the power to to the following at the meeting:

1. to conduct examination of applicants 2. to transact other business

Purpose of written infection-control program

1. to prevent or reduce the risk of disease transmission. 2. establishment and implementation of policies, procedures, and practices 3. to prevent work-related injuries and illnesses among DHCP as well as health-care--associated infections among patients

How application for license should be made?

1. to the Board in writing 2. accompanied by evidence satisfactory passing all necessary exams

Commonly used dental equipment known to create aerosols and airborne contamination include:

1. ultrasonic scaler 2. high-speed dental handpiece 3. air/water syringe 4. air polishing 5. air abrasion.

Teledentistry supervision

1. under the supervision of a licensed dentist when performed pursuant to the licensed dentist's order, control, and approval 2. do not require the physical presence of the licensed dentist.

Common reported transmission of infectious agents among patients and dental health care personnel (DHCP) in dental settings:

1. unsafe injection practices 2. failure to heat sterilize dental handpieces between patients 3. failure to monitor (e.g., conduct spore testing) autoclaves.

volunteer CE

1. up to two hours of continuing education credits per year for providing dental services on a volunteer basis at any state, city or county operated site approved by the Dental Board. 2. 1:5 - with one hour credit given for every five hours of volunteer work.

transmission-based precautions

1. used in addition to standard precautions to interrupt the spread of certain pathogens. 2. Three categories:- Airborne.- Droplet (larger than 5 microns).- Contact.

In the event the DHCP treats a patient with active TB or other airborne illnesses, the CDC recommends:

1. using airborne infection precautions 2. NIOSH-certified particulate-filter respirator: N95, N99, or N100

Which are the reasonable approaches to improve dental unit water quality?

1. using an independent water reservoir 2. using antimicrobial chemicals in the water 3. using filters to remove the microbes from the water

The examination requirement shall Not apply to persons who do not hold a North Carolina dental license and who are seeking:

1. volunteer licenses 2. endorsement 3. credentials

Hand carriage of gram-negative organisms is greater among:

1. wearers of artificial nails 2. hand jewelry wearers

Employers should provide additional training on Blood Born Pathogens as follows:

1. when changes such as modification of tasks or procedures or institution of new tasks or procedures affect the employee's occupational exposure. 2. may be limited to addressing the new exposures created.

reports of adverse occurrences

1. within 72 hours after each adverse occurrence 2. results in the death of a patient within 24 hours of the procedure.

According to OSHA's ionizing Radiation Standard, what is the dose limit quarterly for the whole body?

1.25 rem per quarter

About _______of persons infected with HBV do not show symptoms Even though they do not show symptoms, can still infect you.

1/3

Any applicant for intern permit has to notify the Board of change of address within _________ business days

10

Amendments to the articles of incorporation or articles of organization, including amendments made by restated articles of organization, or articles of dissolution shall be forwarded to the Board's office within _________after the filing of the same in the office of the Secretary of State of North Carolina

10 days

Notice of the Board meeting should be given:

10 days in advance

How long does it take to sterilize instruments in glutaraldehyde?

10 hours

How long must surfaces remain wet when disinfecting?

10 min

An applicant for dental license by credentials should submit a statement disclosing and explaining periods within the last __________________of any voluntary or involuntary commitment to any hospital or treatment facility, observation, assessment, or treatment for substance abuse, with verification demonstrating that the applicant has complied with all provisions and terms of any county or state drug treatment program, or impaired dentists or other impaired professionals program

10 years

Patient records must be maintained for how long?

10 years

Effective hand washing removes transient microorganisms by:

100%

How many employees in a dental office will necessitate a written emergency action plan?

11 or more.

Dentists whose anesthesia or sedation permits have been lapsed for more than _____________ calendar months must pass a facilities inspection as part of the reinstatement process

12 True

No applicant who has received a failing notice from the Board may request more than one reevaluation within any ________________ period.

12 month

After _________ of antibody check for HIV no further follow-up of a health-care worker exposed to infection is necessary if the source patient is seronegative unless the source patient is at high risk of HIV infection.

12 weeks

The Board shall act on a petition at its next regularly scheduled meeting or within __________ after submission of a petition.

120 days

After an evaluation following an exposure incident at work, how long does the evaluating healthcare professional have to provide the exposed employee with a written opinion of the results?

15 days

An applicant who receives notification of failure of an inspection may, within _______________ after receiving the notice, request a reevaluation.

15 days

A request to make an oral presentation should contain a clear reference to the proposed rule, a brief summary of the individual's views in respect thereto, and how long the individual desires to speak. Presentations shall be limited to _______________ unless the Board prescribes some other time limit.

15 minutes

Minutes of penetration required for Ultrasonic cleaner:

15 minutes

In what year was OSHA created to regulate and enforce workplace safety laws?

1971

When Standard Precautions were created by CDC and Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee?

1996

A dental hygienist can apply for licensure by credentials as long as they have actively been practicing dental hygiene under the direct supervision of a licensed dentist for a minimum of ___ years immediately preceding the date of application.

2

How many doses of meningococcal conjugate vaccine meningococcal risk groups should receive?

2

The administration schedule of Hep B vaccine is _____________________apart given intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle followed by a third dose ___________ later.

2 doses 4 weeks 5 months

How many hours CE RDH should complete to maintain local anesthesia permit?

2 hours annually

A lab work order or subwork must be retained for:

2 years

Every ___ ___ the Board shall issue a compilation of the rules and regulations along with the Dental Hygiene Act to all licensees

2 years

A liquid sterilant or sterilizing agent:

2% to 3.4% glutaraldehyde.

a nursing home hygienist may place sealants under the direction of a licensed dentist if the hygienist has a minimum of ___________________ of clinical experience assisting in the placement of sealants with the Oral Health Section of the Department of Health and Human Services.

2,000 hours/3 years

How long are waterlines flushed at start of each day and in between pt's?

2-3 minutes at the beginning of the day/20-30 sec after each patient

surgical scrub should be used for:

2-6 minutes

Sharps injuries caused by how many different pathogens?

20

APPLICATION FOR RENEWAL for limited liability company

20 days/$25 submitted at least 20 days prior to the date of expiration by written application for renewal, $ 25 fee.

5 hours CE per year

20 h per week as an instructor

Unsaturated Chemical Vapor

20 minutes; 270 degrees

It is recommended to discharge water and air for a minimum of:

20 to 30 seconds after each patient

Time-temp-pressure and cycle for steam autoclave:

20-30 mins, 15 psi, 250F (121C)

When the federal Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act was signed into law?

2000

OSHA's Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (29 CFR 1910.1030) as amended pursuant to the:

2000 Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act

In _____, after several alarming media reports of people being notified that they were treated with contaminated medical devices, CDC issued an official health advisory* to address the critical public health need for proper maintenance, cleaning, disinfection or sterilization of medical devices

2015

A dentist who holds a permit to administer general anesthesia or sedation, after each adverse occurrence related to the administration of general anesthesia or sedation that results in permanent organic brain dysfunction of a patient occurring within _______________ of the procedure or that results in physical injury or severe medical emergencies, causing hospitalization of a patient occurring within ____________of the procedure.

24 hours report to the Board within 30 days 24 hours

Type IV contact dermatitis is a delayed type immune reaction. Symptoms may take _____ hours to develop from the time of exposure to reaction.

24-48

The specific clinical procedures delegated to the Public Health hygienist must be completed, in accordance with a written order from the dentist, within _______________ of the dentist's in-person evaluation of the patient. The dentist's evaluation of the patient shall include a complete oral examination, thorough health history and diagnosis of the patient's condition.

270

The specific clinical procedures delegated to the hygienist shall be completed, in accordance with a written order from the dentist, within __________days of the dentist's in-person evaluation of the patient.

270

There are _______OSHA-approved State Plans including NC

29

How many years/hours of full-time DA I needs to be eligible to become DA II?

2years/3,000 h

OSHA training RECORDS SHALL BE MAINTAINED FOR:

3 years from the date on which the training occurred.

For how long Hepatitis B immune globulin provides protection?

3--6 mos

Rules and regulations governing the practice of dentistry with the State of NC become effective_____________ days after passage

30

The training program of local anesthesia for Dental Hygienist will include, at a minimum, a ___________________ hour session composed of ____ didactic hours and _____clinical hours. Clinical instruction shall be provided by a dentist holding a DDS or DMD degree, and the faculty-to-student ratio shall be no greater than 1:5 for the laboratory and clinical instruction. Courses must be taught to a minimum score of eighty percent (80%) in the parenteral administration of local anesthesia, and successful students shall be awarded a certificate of completion

30 16 14

The Board may in its discretion grant an additional ___________ after a hearing of new rule proposed for further comment and argument.

30 days

integrity of gloves breaks down anywhere from:

30 minutes to three hours

After use on a patient, handpieces must be flushed to discharge water and air for a minimum of?

30 seconds

What is the required amount of time a dental practice must retain an employee's medical record regarding immunization and post-exposure medical evaluation?

30 years past the termination of employment

HIV-related oral conditions still occur in _________ of HIV-infected individuals

30-80%

What temperature is required for dry heat sterilization?

320-375

What percentage of work-related injuries are associated with musculoskeletal disorders?

33%

________ percent of dental care workers have been diagnosed with latex allergy.

33.8

What percentage of DHCP is compliant with current hand hygiene guidelines?

34.1%

Hep B vaccine usually given as:

3‐4 shots over a 6‐month period

If you cannot see blood contamination on a glucometer, it is ok to use it again without cleaning it.

False

A dental hygienist licensed in NC may receive ________________hours of continuing education if he/she is employed full time and practicing dental hygiene at a federal, state, or county government agency.

4

The canvassing (counting) of the ballots shall occurs within not more than how many days following the closing of the balloting?

4 days

use of safety-engineered devices can reduce needlestick injuries by:

49%

Amount of time it takes for biofilm to form in a new dental unit?

5 days

What is the transmission rate for hepatitis B in unvaccinated individuals who experience a sharps injury?

5%

Dental Licensure by Credentials hours requirements

5,000 hours of clinical care directly to patients within the last 5 years, not including post graduate training, residency programs or an internship

Drs. Monet, Goya, and Van Gogh are associates and may employ how many hygienists performing clinical dental hygiene at the same time when all of the dentists are in the office?

6

The first ___________ after exposure, when most infected with HIV persons are expected to seroconvert -- exposed health-care workers should follow U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) recommendations for preventing transmission of HIV

6-12 weeks True

The denial of request for a hearing will be issued immediately upon decision, and in no case later than _____________ after the submission of the request. The Board shall give the party or parties in a contested case a notice of hearing not less than____________ before the hearing.

60 days 15 days

Skin of whole body radiation limit:

7.5 rem

With proper and frequent hand washing, the spread of microorganisms can be reduced by up to:

70%

According to results from an in vivo randomized controlled trail, what percentage of air-driven low-speed handpieces with prophylaxis angles were found to be contaminated?

75-100 %

If the Board disapprove a specific Dental or Dental Hygiene program, the Board shall within___________days inform the dean of its actions

90

The completed application, fee, photographs, and sealed proof of graduation from the school as required must be received in the Board's office at least ________prior the the date of the examination

90 days

For recent graduates the completed application, fee, photographs, and undergraduate college and dental school transcripts must be received in the Board's office at least:

90 days prior to the date of examination

According to the bloodborne pathogens standard, following a baseline blood collection after an exposure incident at the dental office with the employee not giving consent to test for HIV, how long should the exposed employee's blood be preserved by the testing laboratory?

90 days.

Studies performed at CDC have also shown that drying HIV causes a rapid (within several hours) 1-2 log __________ reduction in HIV concentration.

90%-99%

Primary vaccination of Hep B vaccine consists of how many IM doses of vaccine?

>3 IM or combined A/B vaccine

For how long will a person infected with TB have a positive skin test?

Indefinitely

Which type of Hep does not have a carrier?

A and E

Disinfectant:

A chemical agent used on inanimate objects (e.g., floors, walls, or sinks) to destroy virtually all recognized pathogenic microorganisms, but not necessarily all microbial forms (e.g., bacterial endospores).

What are the best means to minimize occupational exposures?

A combination of: a. standard precautions b. engineering c. work practice d. administrative controls

who is semi-retired dentist (Class II)?

A dentist who practices not more than 1,000 clock hours in a calendar year.

Bead sterilizer

A device using glass beads 1.2--1.5 mm diameter and temperatures 217ºC--232ºC for brief exposures (e.g., 45 seconds) to inactivate microorganisms.

Antiseptic

A germicide used on skin or living tissue for the purpose of inhibiting or destroying microorganisms:

What constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and at any meeting of the Board?

A majority of the members of the Board

What is considered a quorum for the Board meeting?

A majority of the members of the Board

How is majority of the vote counts?

A majority shall be any excess of the sum ascertained by dividing the total number of votes cast for all nominees by four. N/4.

Which of the following safety protocols should be followed in the event of a mercury spill in a dental office?

A mercury spill kit should be used to clean and decontaminate the area.

Licensed dentist

A person who holds a valid license to practice dentistry duly issued by the North Carolina Board of Dental Examiners.

Licensee

A person who is a licensed dental hygienist or licensed dentist in NC.

Who should be nominated Dentist for the NC Dental Board?

A person who is licensed to practice dentistry in North Carolina and actually engaged in the practice of dentistry.

Which of the following is an example of regulated biohazardous waste?

A piece of 2x2 gauze that has dried blood flaking off of it.

Prions were discovered through the research of Dr. Stanley Prusiner who was studying Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. What is a prion?

A proteinaceous infectious particle.

What controls we use if engineering controls are not available or appropriate?

A. Work-practice controls that result in safer behaviors 1. one-hand needle recapping 2. not using fingers for cheek retraction while using sharp instruments or suturing 3. use of personal protective equipment (PPE) B. Administrative controls 1. policies 2. procedures 3. enforcement measures targeted at reducing the risk of exposure to infectious persons are a priority for certain pathogens airborne (e.g., M. tuberculosis)

When decontaminating an area on the floor in a treatment room after a blood spill, which of the following should be used?

An intermediate-level disinfectant that has a tuberculocidal claim.

Each applicant who takes an examination and fails does not have the privilege to review their examination in the presence of the board or a representative of the board.

False

Rules of advertising in Dentistry

ADS MUST INCLUDE 1. DENTIST NAME AND AREA OF PRACTICE 2. statement: general dentist or a specialist? 3. advertising dentist is personally responsible for determining that the content of the advertisement is not contrary to North Carolina law or Board rule

Wicking:

Absorption of a liquid by capillary action along a thread or through the material (e.g., penetration of liquids through undetected holes in a glove).

What type of accredited school counts as a dental program?

Accredited by Commission on Dental Accreditation of the American Dental Association

When DA I can take x-rays?

After satisfactory completion of ONE of the following: (1) the North Carolina radiography equivalency examination (2) dental assisting school (an ADA-accredited program) (3) the Dental Assisting National Board examination (4) classification as a DAII in North Carolina

Which of the following is not a disinfectant accepted by the CDC?

Alcohol (ie. 60-70% ethanol)

Employees are responsible for providing, laundering, cleaning, repairing, replacing, and disposing of PPE.

False

Employees may wear PPE outside of the work area

False

Who should conduct elections?

All elections shall be conducted by the Board of Dental Examiners which is hereby constituted a Board of Dental Elections.

Who is covered by the OSHA bloodborne pathogens standard?

All employees who are occupationally exposed to blood or other potentially infectious materials

Hepatitis B is found in which of the following body fluids:

All of the above

The use of disposable items in dentistry is an issue with regard to what global concern?

All of these are correct.

When a chemical spill has occurred in the dental office, it is important to remember to:

All of these are correct.

Which of these statements is TRUE about surface covers in the dental operatory?

All surfaces that cannot be repeatedly pre-cleaned and disinfected must have barriers.

When considering the disinfection of housekeeping surfaces in the dental office, which of the following is correct?

An EPA-registered hospital disinfectant or low-level disinfectant is recommended to clean these surfaces

Germicide

An agent that destroys microorganisms, especially pathogenic organisms.

Authorized person

An appropriate person with legal authority to make the health care treatment decision for a patient.

Licensed dental hygienist

An individual who holds a valid license to practice dental hygiene duly issued by the North Carolina Board of Dental Examiners in accordance with Article 16 of this Chapter.

When working on a patient who is infected with syphilis, the dental assistant must ensure that she is adequately protected by personal protective equipment in order to prevent which of the following that is associated with this infection?

An infectious ulcerating sore called a chancre.

Gloves used for patient care can be washed between patients and reused

False

Can Intern permit extension be granted beyond 72 months?

An intern permit holder who has held an unrestricted dental license in a Board-approved state or jurisdiction for the five years immediately preceding the issuance of an intern permit in this State may have the intern permit renewed for additional one-year periods beyond 72 months

Each occupational licensing board shall prepare a register of persons currently licensed by the board and shall supplement said register ___ by listing changes made by reason of new licenses issued, licenses revoked or suspended, death or other cause.

Annually

How often hand hygiene training should be provided?

Annually

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV:

Antiretroviral drugs prescribed as within the first 72 hours of exposure to help prevent HIV infection.

Who may transmit data, electronic images and related information for teledentistry?

Any licensee, patient, or authorized person, as appropriate to provide teledentistry services to a patient.

Which of these is NOT considered sterile in an operating room?

Anything below the operative level

Foods with a moderate degree of latex allergy association or prevalence:

Apple Carrot Celery Melons Papaya Potatoes Tomatoes

Who is not given the opportunity for a hearing before the NC State Board of Dental Examiners?

Applicants for reinstatement after revocation and comity

Decisions concerning work restrictions

Are based on the mode of transmission and the period of infectivity of the disease. Exclusion policies should 1) be written 2) include a statement of authority that defines who can exclude DHCP 3) be clearly communicated through education and training. Policies should also encourage DHCP to report illnesses or exposures without jeopardizing wages, benefits, or job status.

A low-level EPA registered disinfectant is not effective against which of the following?

Aspergillus

Which of the following terms can be defined as a person who is infected with a disease but does not show any recognizable symptoms of that disease?

Asymptomatic carrier

Time frame to withdraw a nomination

At any time before closing the polls

At CCCC when are waterlines purged?

At end of semester or before a long break

How long must a RDH maintain CE records?

At least 2 years

How often should biologic monitoring be performed in the dental practice?

At least once per week

When are HVE and vacuum lines cleaned?

At the end of each day with enzymax cleaner

Criteria for Dental Hygienist to be nominated and elected to serve in the NC Board of Dentistry:

At the time of nomination and election must be licensed to practice dental hygiene in North Carolina and is currently employed in dental hygiene in North Carolina.

When successor takes office?

August 1st

When and for how long the person appointed by the Governor takes the position?

August 1st, for three years or if not elected, should take the office after the election for the remaining term

Washer disinfector

Automatic unit that cleans and thermally disinfects instruments, by using a high-temperature cycle rather than a chemical bath.

Foods with a high degree of latex allergy association or prevalence:

Avocado Banana Chestnut Kiwi

What are the most reliable method for monitoring the sterilization process.

Biological indicators, such as spore tests

HIPPA prohibits physicians from making communicable disease reports to the health department

False

Which of the following microorganisms are not killed by intermediate-level disinfectants?

Bacterial spores

When surgical rub should be used?

Before donning sterile surgical gloves for surgical procedures

A needlestick injury has resulted in exposure to hepatitis C. Which of the following is not a recommendation for the first 6 months?

Blood donation

Which of the following instruments should never be stored unwrapped in a drawer?

Bone file

The Board shall require the applicant to receive additional training prior to the reevaluation. If the reevaluation is granted, it shall be conducted by different persons, qualified as evaluators

Both Statements are true

The North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners may issue to an applicant a "Limited Volunteer Dental License" to practice dentistry only in nonprofit health care facilities serving low-income populations in the State. Holders of a limited volunteer dental license may volunteer their professional services, without compensation, only to help to meet the dental health needs.

Both Statements are true

1. If the applicant for a renewal certificate fails to provide proof of completion of reported continuing education hours for the current year as required b the Board shall refuse to issue a renewal certificate for the year 2. If the applicant applies for credit for CE hours or a reduction of continuing education hours and fails to provide the required documentation upon request, the Board refuse to issue a certificate of renewal

Both statements are true

1. Most surgical masks are not NIOSH-certified 2. they do not protect the user and do not satisfy OSHA requirements for health care providers administering care to patients with an airborne illness

Both statements are true

Applicants is "certified" for Local Anesthesia means: 1. the notarized signature of a licensed dentist instructor who supervised the applicant's completion of the injections during the course or courses or 2. the official seal or stamp of the school, college, or continuing education provider through which the applicant completed the course or courses

Both statements are true

Cell-mediated contact dermatitis is an allergic contact dermatitis. A Type IV cell-mediated reaction is not life-threatening but it is still a major concern.

Both statements are true

Every dental office should have a written infection control plan and have enough resources available to develop and maintain an infection control program. This includes providing training and supplies to ensure the safety of patients and staff

Both statements are true

For service on the Board of Dental Elections, the members of a Board receive the per diem compensation and expenses for service as members of the Board of Dental Examiners. The Board of Dental Elections is authorized and empowered to expend from funds sum or sums as it necessary in the performance of its duties as a Board of Dental Elections.

Both statements are true

Heavy-duty utility gloves are not used for cleaning floors and windows. Standard rubber household gloves are acceptable for these chores.

Both statements are true

Holders of a valid intern permit who are not currently licensed in Canada or a U.S. territory or state may work only under supervision of one or more dentists with a current and valid North Carolina license. The supervising dentist shall be responsible for all consequences or results arising from the permit holder's practice of dentistry

Both statements are true

If someone is repeatedly exposed with a Type IV reaction, the rash may develop into a chronic problem and may even extend beyond the site of contact. People can have both a delayed contact allergy to chemicals in latex along with an IgE-mediated allergic latex allergy.

Both statements are true

Remember that a susceptible host must be present for infection to occur; if you are not susceptible, you cannot acquire (and therefore can't transmit) a disease.

Both statements are true

Teledentistry services may be delivered by a licensed dentist or a licensed dental hygienist who is under the supervision of a licensed dentist. Licensees shall comply with all rules of professional conduct and applicable State and federal law delivering teledentistry services.

Both statements are true

There is an Exemption for an active military. Eligible military licensees are granted a waiver of their mandatory continuing education requirements.

Both statements are true

To count toward this requirement, the substance abuse and mental health. course shall be: (1) designed to address relevant issues for dental professionals, including substance abuse, chemical dependency, impairment, and mental health disorders (2) offered by a Board-approved sponsor

Both statements are true

Healthcare personnel with weeping dermatitis on their hands can provide direct patient care

False

in 1993, the CDC updated its guidelines to include flushing waterlines at the beginning of the day to reduce the microbial load in the lines. However, studies have indicated this does not affect the biofilm or reduce the microbial load.

Both statements are true

Many people are unaware that they are sensitized to latex because the symptoms can be vague and non-specific. Those people are at risk for a serious reaction.

Bothe statements are true

airborne transmission examples

Chickenpox Measles Tuberculosis

The holder of a limited license who practices dentistry other than as authorized shall be guilty of:

Class 1 misdemeanor with each day's violation constituting a separate offense.

Any person who neglect or refuse to obey any subpoena (order to attend court) commits.

Class 1 misdemeanor.

Any person who neglect or refuse to obey any subpoena requiring him to attend and testify before said Board or to produce books, records or documents shall be guilty of:

Class I Misdemeanor

Any person violated provisions of Article 16. Dental Hygiene Act is guilty of:

Class I misdemeanor

Any person, firm, or corporation, who: (1) Furnishes work to any licensed dentist without first obtaining a written work order from dentist; (2) Acting as a subcontractor to any person, firm or corporation, without first obtaining a written subwork order from such person, firm or corporation (3) Fails to retain the original work order or subwork order, for two years (4) Refuses to allow the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners or its duly authorized agents, to inspect his or its files of work orders or subwork orders shall be guilty of:

Class I misdemeanor

What type of offense is a violation of board rules regulations or bylaws?

Class II misdemeanor

What must be done if dry heat oven is open during cycle

Close, allow oven to reach proper sterile temp, re-start cycle

The NC state board of dental examiners investigative panel is composed of all of the following members EXCEPT:

Consumer member

Digital x-ray sensors are used on multiple patients per day.How are these kept in aseptic condition?

Covering the sensors with a plastic sleeve during each patient use.

An ideal overgarment is one that:

Covers up the collar area to protect against splatter

which of the following infectious disease does not require restrictions?

Cytomegalovirus

Iatrogenic

Diseases Induced inadvertently by: 1. HCP (Health Care Procedures) 2. medical (including dental) treatment 3. diagnostic procedures. 4. Used particularly in reference to an infectious disease or other complication of treatment.

Which of these is NOT a method of sterilization?

Disinfectant wipe

High-level disinfection

Disinfection process that inactivates: 1. vegetative bacteria 2. mycobacteria 3. fungi 4. viruses 5. not necessarily high numbers of bacterial spores.

What dental ADS must include?

DENTIST'S NAME AND AREA OF PRACTICE and shall state whether each dentist is a general dentist or, if qualified, a specialist in the named area of specialization

The practice of teledentistry includes any of the following:

Delivery of service Encounter location Data Patient Care Evaluations

acquisition of property

Dental Board has the power to acquire, hold, rent, encumber, alienate, and otherwise deal with real property in the same manner as a private person or corporation, subject only to approval of the Governor and the Council of State.

Board Fee

Dental License$395 Dental Licensure by Credentials $2000 Dental Licensure by Military Endorsement/Spouse$0 Dental Hygiene License Processing Fee$75 Dental Hygiene Licensure by Credentials$750 Dental Hygiene Licensure by Military Endorsement/Spouse$0 Dental Provisional License$100 Dental Intern Permit$150 Instructor's License$140 Volunteer License$100 Dental Hygiene Provisional License$60 Dental License Renewal$329 Dental Hygiene License Renewal$106 Volunteer License Renewal$25 Instructor's License Renewal$180 Anesthesia Application Fee$475 Sedation Application Fee$375 Anesthesia/Sedation Renewal$100 Anesthesia/Sedation Site Inspection$275 Penalty Fee$50 PA/PLLC Registration$50PA/PLLC Renewal$25PA/PLLC Penalty$10 Duplicates$25 Certificate of Licensure with raised seal$25 Dental Reinstatement $554 Dental Hygiene Reinstatement $166

Which of the following is a semi-critical instrument?

Dental handpiece

What type of information is not found on a Safety Data Sheet?

Dental procedure protocols.

The infection control program should consist of the following criteria:

Description of exposure risk Review of prevention strategies and infection control policies and procedures Discussion on managing work-related illness and injuries, including post-exposure prophylaxis Review of work restrictions for the exposure or infection

Implantable device

Device placed into a surgically or naturally formed cavity of the human body and intended to remain there for >30 days.

What particle is formed by dehydration of airborne droplets containing microorganisms?

Droplet nuclei

Particles intermediate in size between drops and droplet nuclei

Droplets

For how long employee record should be maintained?

Duration of the employment plus 30 years

How many Dentists should be elected each year for the Dental Board of NC?

Each year there shall be elected two dentists for such terms of three years each.

North Carolina Board of Dental Examiners members

Effective August 1, 2022: Karen E. Lanier, DDS, President (High Point) Catherine A. Watkins, DDS Secretary-Treasurer (Winston-Salem) Edward J. Clemons, Jr., DDS, Past President (Durham) William M. Litaker, Jr., DDS (Hickory) Mark W. Johnson, DDS (New Bern) W. Stan Hardesty, DDS (Raleigh) Nancy A. St. Onge, RDH (Apex) Dominic Totman, Consumer Member (Raleigh)

When handling contaminated laundry, which of the following protocols needs to be followed by the dental staff member?

Employees who handle the contaminated laundry should wear protective gloves and other appropriate personal protective equipment when necessary.

Which of the following is a requirement set in place by the OSHA Hazard Communications Standard?

Employers must ensure that any SDS forms that come in with products are maintained and readily accessible to employees.

What type of biological particulate is used in a biologic monitoring strip?

Endospores

Which of the following terms best describes physical devices or items that should be used by the dental auxiliary to prevent occupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens and aid dental auxiliaries in providing safe dental care while at work?

Engineering controls

Saliva Retraction:

Entry of oral fluids and microorganisms into waterlines through negative water pressure.

Who set standards for safe drinking water quality?

Environment Protection Agency (EPA) American Public Health Association (APHA) American Water Works Association (AWWA)

Which of the following would NOT be considered an advantage to using surface barriers in the dental office?

Environmentally friendly

Which of the following methods of sterilization uses low temperatures to sterilize items and requires 4-12 hours for sterilization and up to 16 hours for post-sterilization aeration?

Ethylene oxide.

How often Dental Hygienist is elected to the Board?

Every three years

How often consumer member is elected to the Board?

Every three years

Which of the following is an appropriate armamentarium for placement of a rubber dam?

Explorer, ligatures, rubber dam punch, rubber dam forceps, assorted clamps, and scissors

Which of these is NOT waste designated as "Regulated Medical Waste" by the NC medical waste rules?

Extracted teeth

Microbes that grow in presence or absence of oxygen:

Facultative

A physician must wait for lab reports confirming the communicable disease before making a report to the health department

False

A source person must give informed consent before being tested

False

I don't need to perform hand hygiene if I only touched the exam table and didn't touch the patient.

False

If you change the needle between each patient, it is OK to keep using the same syringe

False

It is acceptable to combine (pool) leftover medication from single-dose vials

False

It is acceptable to leave a needle or other device inserted in the septum of a medication vial for multiple medication draws.

False

It is ok to leave patients with an airborne spread infection in the waiting room?

False

Limited Supervision Hygienist can perform Local Anesthesia without Direct Supervision of DMD

False

Medications can be prepared adjacent to areas where potentially contaminated items are placed.

False

Respiratory protection is always necessary when administering N2O

False

The serial number on the certificate of renewal of the license has to be the same as the serial number on the original license?

False

There is no need to place instruments in cassettes before transporting if the DHCP is careful and pays attention to their surroundings.

False

To start an exposure evaluation, you have to know or suspect a source person has HIV, Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C

False

Transporting instruments from the operatory to the instrument processing area is generally safe.

False

Regarding application for licensure, a photograph of the applicant, taken within one year prior to the date of application, shall be affixed to the application.

False, it should be taken within 6 months

The Board shall submit an annual report on or before:

February 15th

NIOSH has provided emergency sharps information for workers that experience a needlestick or sharps injury. Which of the following is not included into the steps that should be immediately followed after the sharps injury?

Flush injury with bleach

For how long Dental Hygienist should be elected to NC Dental Board?

For 3 years

Hand Hygiene

For routine dental examinations and nonsurgical procedures a. water and plain soap (hand washing) b. antimicrobial soap (hand antisepsis) specific for health care settings c. alcohol-based hand rub. should be used

Unsaturated chemical vapor, used in some sterilizers, consists of what components?

Formaldehyde and alcohol

Who holds the highest risk for transmission blood borne pathogens?

From patient to DHCP, who frequently encounter patient blood and blood-contaminated saliva during dental procedures

Hospital disinfectant:

Germicide registered by EPA for use on inanimate objects in hospitals, clinics, dental offices, and other medical-related facilities. Efficacy is demonstrated against Salmonella choleraesuis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

_______________________________________ are examples of chemicals that can be used as methods of sterilization when items are submerged in these solutions for 6-10 hours, depending on the manufacturer's instructions.

Glutaraldehyde and chlorine dioxide

Who should appoint non professional Dental Board member?

Governor of North Carolina

Duplicate licenses

Granted upon application and payment of fee: $25.

If there is inadequate antibody for HB?

HBIG + 1 HBV booster

The majority of attention has been placed on which bloodborne pathogens?

HBV, HCV, and HIV, and these pathogens present different levels of risk to DHCP.

Low-level disinfectant should be active against__________according to OSHA and have a label claim for potency to kill the pathogens.

HIV and HBV

What is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of infections?

Hand hygiene

Which of the following infection control measures are dental hygienists least compliant?

Handpiece sterilization

When should you wash your hands with soap and water?

Hands are visibly soiled

Requirements for NC local anesthesia permit by credentials for RDH

Has successfully completed a course of study on local anesthetics offered through a school or college approved by the United States Department of Education or a Board-approved continuing education provider that includes all of the following: a. A minimum of 16 lecture hours on pharmacology, physiology, equipment, block and infiltration techniques, legal issues, and medical emergencies, including systemic complications. b. A minimum of eight clinical hours of instruction and experience in administering local anesthesia injections. c. c. Completion of at least 12 block and 12 infiltration injections under the direct supervision of a licensed dentist who must certify the applicant's competency.

Workplace procedures & devices help to reduce:

Hazardous exposure

Which of the following is NOT included in the bloodborne pathogens exposure control plan that should be implemented at each dental office?

Hazardous waste disposal.

It is suggested that health care personnel should restrict their practice (or exclude themselves from duty) if infected with any of the following conditions EXCEPT:

Hep B, Hep C

What pathogens are the greatest threats to dental professionals?

Hep B, Hep C, and HIV.

bloodborne transmission

Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Which is an example of a chronic condition that affects the liver and is spread by blood transfusions and organ transplants?.

Hepatitis C.

Which level of disinfectants is capable of sterilization?

High-level

Which of the following agents should not be used to disinfect surfaces in dentistry?

High-level disinfectant

What object pose the highest risk of HIV transmission after a sharp injury?

Hollow-bore needle

How and when are CE hours reported?

Hours completed toward CE requirements are indicated on the renewal application form at the time of renewal

Adjourned meetings:

If a majority of the members are not present at the time and the place appointed for the meeting, those members of the Board present may adjourn from day to day until a quorum is present

Which of the following should the dental healthcare worker avoid when handling sharps items in the dental office?

If the sharps container is nearing full capacity, continue to fill it only until sharps items are even with the top brim of the container.

Given a choice, one should disinfect dental impressions by:

Immersion

Regulatory Standards for general anesthesia and enteral and parenteral sedation.

Include: a. a permit process for general anesthesia b. enteral and parenteral sedation by dentists. 1. should show the Board that they has been utilizing enteral sedation in a competent manner for five years preceding January, 2002 2. The office facilities pass an on-site examination and inspection by qualified representatives of the Boar

How should cloth wrapping be fastened when used for sterilizing cassettes?

Indicator tape

A disease or condition in which a germ enters the body and grows in number is called:

Infection

The difference between "Infection Control" and "OSHA protection":

Infection control is to protect the patients, while OSHA's main goal is to protect the workers.

Post exposure prophylaxis for Hep B for unvaccinated HBsAG negative or if source is unknown or not available for testing:

Initiate Hep B vaccine series

Which of the following disinfectants are the best choices to use on alginate impressions?

Iodophors and diluted sodium hypochlorite.

Which chemical disinfectants have to be mixed daily?

Iodophors, hypochlorites, synthetic phenols, chlorine compounds

Renewal of licenses.

Issued on or January 1st of each year upon an application to the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiner

A Dental hygiene license application needs to be submitted to the board's office before

January 1st

CE renewal

January 31st

To avoid additional fees, you should renew your license before the following date:

January 31st

Each occupational licensing board shall file an annual financial report with the: 1. Secretary of State 2.Attorney General 3. Office of State Budget and Management and the:

Joint Legislative Administrative Procedure Oversight Committee

The most severe type of skin reaction to latex gloves is:

Latex allergy

What glove type has the lowest failure rate?

Latex surgical gloves

Which of the following infections may occur when dental healthcare workers are exposed to infected dental unit waterlines and aerosolized water?

Legionnaires' disease.

Extraoral services

Licensed dentists may employ or engage the services of any person, firm or corporation to: construct or repair, extraorally, prosthetic dentures, bridges, or other replacements for a part of a tooth, a tooth, or teeth.

Nosocomial

Limited to adverse infectious outcomes occurring in hospitals >= 72 hours after the hospitalization

All administrative hearings shall be conducted by a panel consisting of a ______________________ eligible to vote on the issue, or an ________________ designated to hear the case.

Majority of Board Members, administrative law judge

What circumstance pose the highest risk of injury with a hollow-bore needle?

Manipulating the needle in patient

When professional license is void if fee and application not received?

March 31st

What items cannot protect patients from aerosolized spray during treatment?

Mask

What type(s) of personal protective equipment should be worn when the dental auxiliary is working with alginate impression material?

Mask, eyewear, and gloves

Parenteral:

Means of piercing mucous membranes or skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, cuts, and abrasions.

Which item is NOT required to have a warning (biohazard) label?

Medication refrigerator

Multi-Dose Vial (MDV)

Medication that is meant to be extracted from MULTIPLE times, containing a rubber port

Latex

Milky white fluid extracted from the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis that contains the rubber material cis-1,4 polyisoprene.

How often personnel should receive infection-control training on initial assignment when new tasks or procedures affect their occupational exposure?

Minimum annually

Which of these items can be used for multiple patients?

Multi-dose vials

droplet transmission

Mumps Rubella Influenza

Semi-critical items

Must be disinfected by high-level disinfectants

What are NIOSH-certified particulate-filter respirators?

N95, N99, or N100

Can DA I or DA II perform periodontal screening or periodontal probing?

NO

Can DA II take radiographs without radiology training?

NO

Who is at a higher risk of developing latex allergy?

Patients with spina bifida cloacal anomalies multiple surgeries diabetes on insulin injections atopic subjects

Can DA I and DA II apply resin infiltration treatment for incipient smooth surface lesions, following the dentist diagnosis that the lesion is non-penetrable.

No

Can DA I or DA II apply antibiotic-coated materials?

No

Can DA I or DA II apply oral cancer screening products?

No

Can DA I or DA II apply resorbable antimicrobial agents?

No

Can DA I or DA II perform prophylaxis?

No

Can DA I or DA II perform root planing?

No

Can DA I or DA II perform subgingival exploration for removal or removal of hard or soft deposits

No

Can DA I or DA II perform sulcular irrigation?

No

Can DA I or DA II use laser fluorescence detectors in preparation for the dentist examination and diagnosis of cavities?

No

Can DA I or DA II use ultrasonic scalers for prophylaxis?

No

Can the person who has attempted and failed a Board-approved written or clinical examination be granted an intern permit?

No

Do CPR hours count toward CE requirements?

No

Is Bead Sterilizer cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a sterilizer?

No

Is Prevaccination serological testing for previous infection indicated?

No

Is there a vaccine for Hepatitis C?

No

Can holder of valid intern permit change the place of his internship without securing the written approval of the NC State Board of Dental Examiners?

No The permit strictly limited to the confines of and to the registered patients of the hospital, sanatorium or institution to which he is attached or to the persons officially served by the governmental entity by whom he is employed

According to the CDC, once successfully vaccinated against HBV, how often is a booster shot recommended?

No booster is recommended

Compensation for the Board of Dental Elections

No more than $100 per day.

How many consecutive terms can North Carolina Dental Board member serve?

No more than two consecutive terms.

How many terms Board member can serve?

No more than two consecutive terms.

Should Oral premedication for minimal sedation be included in the definition of enteral sedation?

No.

Can PPE protect against airborne pathogens?

No. It is the least effective aspect of the hierarchy of controls in infection control.

Dentist and RDH must have NC license and reside in NC to be eligible to vote?

No. They must hold NC license, reside or practice in NC

What type of gloves has the highest failure rate?

Nonlatex surgical gloves

Dental treatment water

Nonsterile water used during dental treatment, including irrigation of nonsurgical operative sites and cooling of high-speed rotary and ultrasonic instruments, <200 CFU/mL

Disasters and emergencies provisions for dentists and dental hygienists

North Carolina Board of Dental Examiners may permit the provision of dental and dental hygiene services to the public by waiving conditions for licensure.

The North Carolina Occupational Safety and Health (NC OSH) Division is part of the:

North Carolina Department of Labor which is headed by the Commissioner.

Each candidate taking a licensing board is identified by:

Number

Which is an enforcement agency that regularly inspects dental offices at random or in response to an employee complaint?

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

To apply for certification to administer local anesthetics by block or infiltration techniques: 1. hold a valid dental hygiene license issued or renewed by the Board on or after _________________________ 2. submit a certificate of completion from a dental hygiene program that was completed within _________ years prior to the date of the application 3. a dental hygienist licensed in North Carolina or any other state or territory who has been practicing dental hygiene for the two years 4. submit evidence that, within ___________ prior to the date of the application, the applicant completed a course or courses meeting the requirements

October 1, 2021 five years five years

How often should disposable plastic suction traps be changed in the dental office?

Once a month.

How many hours of the total required continuing education hours shall consist of a course designed to address: 1. prescribing practices 2. instruction on controlled substance

One hour

Dr. Picasso has practiced dentistry in New York for 10 years. He comes to NC and has met the requirements and receives his license by credentials from the NC State Board of Dentistry. How long does Dr. Picasso have to establish a practice location and actively practice dentistry in NC?

One year from the date the license is issued

Which of the following is not correct regarding hepatitis B

Only individuals who are symptomatic can transmit the virusc.

Which surgical service has the highest glove failure rate?

Oral surgery

What would be an appropriate alternative for a high-level disinfectant with low odor?

Ortho-phthalaldehyde

When referring to the hierarchy of controls, which is least effective?

PPE

You should NOT use which of the following as surface covers

Paper

Dental Hygienist and Consumer member of the Board cannot:

Participate or vote in any matters of the Board which involves the issuance, renewal or revocation of the license to practice dentistry in the State of North Carolina.

In the past decade, what has been the most significant (source) route of exposure of bloodborne pathogen transmission?

Patient to patient

The exposures account for only a minority of HBV infections among HCP.

Percutaneous injuries

HBV is transmitted by:

Percutaneous or mucosal exposure to blood or body fluids of a person with either acute or chronic HBV infection.

Key Recommendations for HAND HYGIENE in Dental Settings

Perform hand hygiene: a. When hands are visibly soiled. b. After barehanded touching of instruments, equipment, materials, and other objects likely to be contaminated by blood, saliva, or respiratory secretions. c. Before and after treating each patient. c. Before putting on gloves and again immediately after removing gloves.

What is the initial step for instrument cleaning?

Place instruments in an ultrasonic cleaner for processing.

As a dental hygienist in NC, you may perform all of the following functions except:

Place of remove sulcular nonresorbable agents

Which is the correct method for loading a sterilizer?

Place packages on their edge

There are three types of sterilizers used in dentistry. Which of the following is not used in dentistry?

Plasms gel Bead Sterilizer

All of the following commercially available glove materials are likely to have enhanced chemical or puncture resistance except:

Polyurethane

Thickest materials for gloves to be made from?

Polyurethane

CDC recommends the following actions for respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette:

Posting signs with instructions for individuals with signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection: 1. Covering mouth/nose when coughing or sneezing. 2. Using and discarding tissues. 3. Cleaning hands after coming in contact with respiratory secretions. • Providing tissues and no-touch trash bins. • Providing resources for hand hygiene • Offering masks • Providing space • Educating staff

PAPR's

Powered air-purifying respirators provide respiratory protection when N95 is not available

What effective infection-control strategies do?

Prevent disease transmission by interrupting one or more links in the chain.

What are the rules that apply to dental hygienists? What are the rules that apply to dental assistants?

Printed, Article 16

These microbes are most resistant to chemicals

Priones and endospores

Which microorganism is most resistant to sterilization?

Prions - abnormal form of cellular protein, no DNA or RNA

Vaccine

Product that induces immunity, therefore protecting the body from the disease.

Persistent activity:

Prolonged or extended activity that prevents or inhibits proliferation or survival of microorganisms after application of a product.

Prion:

Protein particle lacking nucleic acid that has been implicated as the cause of certain neurodegenerative diseases

Prions are

Proteinaceous infectious particles

Elastomeric Respirators

Provide protection in absence of N95 respirator

Waterline bacteria:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Legionella species nontuberculous Mycobacterium species

Occupational exposure

Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or OPIM that can result from the performance of an employee's duties.

What are the requirements for transfer of patient records?

Record shall be provided within 30 days of request and not be contingent upon outstanding balances/fees owed

In what stage of the virus life does the host cell synthesize new viral DNA/RNA?

Replication

A new employee has received 2 of 3 shots in the Hepatitis B series, but does not wish to receive the final shot. The employee must:

Sign a declination form

Which of the following is TRUE about single dose vials?

Single-use medications should be dedicated to a single patient for a single procedure.

which of the following hand hygiene methods does not reduce resident flora?

Routine hand wash

Chemical or liquid sterilization would be most appropriate for:

Rubber dam equipment

What can be done/used to minimize spray, spatter, and aerosols?

Rubber dam, HVE, saliva ejector, close lid over ultrasonic bath

1. The Board's ____________________________________________supervises and directs investigations of acts or practices that might violate the provisions of the Dental Practice Act, the Dental Hygiene Act or the Board's Rules. 2. In consultation with the Investigative Panel, they determine whether cases involving licensees, interns or applicants for licenses or permits shall be set for hearing or settlement conference and recommend to the Board dispositions of cases which are not set for hearing or settlement conference.

Secretary-Treasurer or another Board member appointed by the Board's President

Which member of the NC state board of examiners supervises and directs investigations?

Secretary-treasurer

High-level disinfection should be used to process which types of objects

Semi-critical items

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)

Serologic marker on the surface of HBV detected in high levels during acute or chronic hepatitis.

Change of internship place rule for Dental Intern

Shell not change the place of his internship without first securing the written approval of the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners

What type of surfaces should be disinfected rather than covered?

Smooth surfaces

Why should you wash your hands AFTER contact with blood or body fluids?

So I do not get sick or spread germs around the office.

Why should you wash your hands BEFORE providing patient care?

So I do not transmit a germ to the patient.

What is a second name given to biological indicators?

Spore tests.

What is the basic concept that Universal or Standard Precautions is based on?

Standard precautions apply to all patients and all bodily fluids should be treated as if infectious

The operation of a nonprofit health care facility serving low-income populations and approved by the _____________________________ or his designee and approved by the _____________________________- not constitute the unlawful practice of dentistry.

State Health Director North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners

What type of water should be used to irrigate during oral surgical procedures?

Sterile water

Which of the following is an example of a noncritical instrument?

Stethoscope

Which level of disinfection is required for counter tops in the dental operatory?

Surface disinfectant with tuberculocidal capability

surfactants (surface active agents)

Surface-active agents that reduce surface tension and help cleaning by loosening, emulsifying, and holding soil in suspension, to be more readily rinsed away.

ASTM level 3 surgical mask

Surgical mask that provides an adequate respiratory protection along with face shield

Holder of Intern Permit must comply with rules and regulation of the Board. Failure to comply will result in:

Suspension of the Permit revocation

Which type of hard surface disinfectant is broad spectrum, intermediate level, and must be prepared daily?

Synthetic phenol compounds.

moderate pediatric conscious sedation permit holders must have current PALS at all times.

TRUE

Which of these is NOT an invasive procedure under the .0206 rule?

Taking a vital signs

Which of the following would be an inappropriate action regarding the use of PPE that requires laundering?

Taking contaminated surgical gown home for laundering following Universal Precautions

pertussis vaccine

Tdap 1. must be received by DHCP if they never had one 2. There is no minimal interval between vaccination 3. Can be administered regardless last Diphtheria/Tetanus vaccine shot

A patient calls the morning of an appointment complaining of a fever, muscle aches, runny nose, cough, and headache. What is the appropriate action?

Tell the patient he may have the flu and should reschedule the appointment after the fever subsides without the use of medication

Who may provide a criminal record check to the Board for a person who has applied for a new or renewal license through the Board?

The Department of Public Safety

Who is authorized to conduct written and oral and clinical examinations and to accept the results of other Board-approved regional or national independent third-party clinical examinations?

The North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners

___________________________________ shall preside at a rulemaking hearing and shall be authorized to do the following: (1) Grant any extension of time in connection with a request for the presentation of oral data, views or arguments; (2) Recognize any prospective speaker; (3) Extend or shorten the time allotted for any particular presentation; and (4) Direct the overall proceedings including management of any questions directed to any speaker by any Board member.

The President of the Board

If the seat on the Board held by a person licensed to practice neither dentistry nor dental hygiene (Consumer member) in North Carolina shall become vacant, the vacancy shall be filled by:

The appointment of the Governor for the period of the unexpired term

Which is correct regarding the hepatitis B vaccination?

The employer must offer the vaccination to all employees at no cost within 10 days of initial employment.

According to the bloodborne pathogens standard, which of the following is a correct requirement of the employer and/or employee?

The employer must replace personal protective equipment used by the employees as needed at no cost to the employees.

How Dentists and RDH register to vote?

The holding of a license to practice dentistry or dental hygiene in North Carolina constitute registration to vote in such elections.

19. Which of the following is a correct statement regarding pre-procedural mouth rinses?

The intent of pre-procedural mouth rinses is to reduce the amount of microbes found in the oral cavity and to prevent them from being released into the air during a procedure.

How long is a dental employer required to keep the records of employees?

The length of employment plus 30 years

What constitute the registration list for elections to the seats on the Board?

The list of licensed dentists and dental hygienists

Who wins where there is more than one nominee eligible for election to a single seat?

The nominee receiving a majority of the votes cast shall be declared elected.

Which of the following techniques should be utilized during surgical procedures in dentistry?

The office must use a sterile water delivery system or device to deliver solutions during surgery.

Instrument packs should not be handled until they are cool and dry. What is the reasoning for this recommendation?

The packaging can absorb bacteria from hands

Displaying license and current certificate of renewal

The renewal certificate and the license shall at all times be displayed

What is the correct protocol to follow when considering decontamination procedures for digital x-ray sensors?

The sensors should be covered with barriers during use and then disinfected with an intermediate-level disinfectant.

When instruments are emerging from the ultrasonic unit with visible debris left on them, what is the likely problem?

The unit is malfunctioning.

Is Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices require HCP to be vaccinated?

There is no requirement, only recommendation.

What is the current treatment for black hairy tongue?

There is no treatment for this harmless condition

Is there treatment or vaccination with Hep B vaccine if a person is exposed, but previously was vaccinated and if responder is known?

There is no treatment or vaccination

How the areas protected by barriers should be cleaned and disinfected?

These areas must continue to be cleaned and disinfected at the start and end of the workday even with the use of barriers. Barriers must be changed between patients.

Which of the following is true of single use devices?

They are intended for use on one patient during a single procedure

What is the main purpose of the holding solution?

To prevent debris from hardening onto the surface of the dental instrument.

Why is it important to have heavy-duty utility gloves in the sterilization area?

To protect healthcare workers' hands from puncture injuries during cleaning

When handling biopsy specimens, what should the dental healthcare worker do to decrease the chance of cross-contamination?

Transfer the specimen in a sturdy container with a secure lid.

Chickenpox Hepatitis A Herpes

Transmitted through contact

"North Carolina Caring Dental Professionals" : the program established through agreements between 1. the Board 2. special impaired dentist peer review organizations formed by the North Carolina Dental Society 3. made up of Dental Society members designated by the Society, the Board, a licensed dental hygienist upon recommendation of the dental hygienist member of the Board, and the UNC School of Dentistry to conduct peer review activities

True

1. Dental hygienists who work with special impaired dentist peer review organizations in conducting programs for impaired dental hygienists shall have the same protections and responsibilities as members of traditional State and local dental society peer review committees 2. The provisions regarding confidentiality shall also be applicable to all authorized dental hygienist activities.

True

A Board Member shall not be a permanent salaried employee of the board.

True

A Dental Assistant I may perform only: 1. routine dental assisting procedures 2. oral hygiene instruction 3. chairside assisting 4. application of topical fluorides or topical anesthetics 5. exposure of radiographs, provided that the assistant can show compliance with radiography training

True

A Dental Assistant II may assist a Limited Supervision Hygienist in providing oral hygiene instruction, applying sealants, applying topical fluorides, applying fluoride varnishes, while the Hygienist is performing prophylaxis

True

A cell-mediated reaction is usually limited to the skin where contact occurs with rubber products.

True

A cut in the skin is both a portal of entry and portal of exit for a germ

True

A dental hygienist who has been disciplined by the Board MAY NOT practice outside the direct supervision of a dentist:

True

A dental office must have an infection control program that is based on nationally recognized program

True

A dentist that has Hepatitis B must report his or her condition to the State Medical Director for evaluation.

True

A dentist who is unable to practice dentistry because of a physical or mental illness may request a variance in continuing education hours during the period of the disability. The Board may grant or deny requests for variance in continuing education hours based on a disabling condition on a case by case basis, taking into consideration the particular disabling condition involved and its effect on the dentist's ability to complete the required hours

True

Can DA II: remove excess cement with hand scaler supragingivally

Yes

A licensed dentist who prescribes any type of analgesic or pain medication as part of the provision of teledentistry services shall comply with all applicable North Carolina Controlled Substance Reporting System requirements.re

True

A licensed dentist's use of teledentistry carries the same professional accountability as a prescription issued in connection with an in-person encounter.

True

A patient record established during the use of teledentistry services shall be accessible to both the licensee and the patient or authorized person

True

A person, firm, or corporation so employed or engaged, when constructing or repairing dentures, bridges, or replacements, exclusively, directly, and solely on the written work order of a licensed member of the dental profession as hereafter provided, and not for the public, shall not be deemed or considered to be practicing dentistry.

True

A photograph of the applicant, taken within six months prior to the date of the application, shall be affixed to the application

True

A provisional Dental Hygiene licensee may, during the period of his provisional licensure, be required to furnish to the Board records of patients treated by him

True

A provisional licensee is a subject to various disciplinary measures and penalties

True

A retired dentist who does not practice any dentistry shall be exempt from all continuing education and CPR certification requirements.

True

About one third of persons infected with HBV do not show symptoms Even though they do not show symptoms, can still infect you.

True

Alcohol based hand rubs are the preferred method of hand hygiene

True

All dental health care settings shall follow the most current guidelines on infection control for the dental office and the dental laboratory adopted by the American Dental Association

True

All employees must have access to the exposure control plan

True

All locations at which a hygienist performs clinical dental hygiene procedures without direct supervision of a dentist shall be subject to random, unannounced inspection by the Dental Board or its agents for the purpose of determining if services are provided in compliance with the Center for Disease Control and OSHA standards for infection control and patient treatment.

True

An impaired dentist peer review organization pursuant shall remain confidential and shall not be subject to discovery or subpoena in a civil case.

True

An occupational licensing board or State agency licensing board shall not charge a military-trained applicant or a military spouse an initial application fee for a license, certification, registration, or temporary practice permit issued pursuant to this section.

True

Any candidate who changes his address shall immediately notify the Board office.

True

Any direct contact with potentially infectious material is considered an exposure that requires clinical evaluation?

True

Any student enrolled in a dental school extension facility shall receive no fees, compensation or remuneration of any kind or nature BUT ONLY dental services other than for expenses incurred.

True

Applications for a dental license will be accepted from students currently enrolled in schools of dentistry.

True

As a condition precedent to issuing a provisional license, the Board may require an applicant to appear before the Board for oral examination, written examination(s), clinical evaluation or any combination thereof and satisfy the Board as to the applicant's professional competency.

True

Ballots shall contain the name and practicing address of each nominee

True

Board members are required to receive training on the statutes governing the board and rules as well as certain state laws.

True

Conscious anesthesia CE can be counted toward fulfillment of the continuing education required each calendar year for license renewal

True

Contaminated sharps shall not be bent, recapped or removed unless the employer can demonstrate that no alternative is feasible or that such action is required by a specific medical or dental procedure

True

Coordination between the dental practice's infection-control coordinator and other qualified health-care professionals is necessary to provide DHCP with appropriate services.

True

DHCP also include people who do not participate in direct patient care, but are potentially exposed to infectious agents, such as administrative, clerical, housekeeping, maintenance personnel, and visiting sales representatives.

True

Dentists providing services at facilities providing public health services may supervise more than two public health hygienists at the same time who are performing dental hygiene functions

True

Digital dental radiography sensors should be covered with protective plastic pouches before use?

True

During any stage of infectious disease, some people appear asymptomatic but are still carriers

True

Eligible military licensees are granted an extension period in which to pay license renewal fees and comply with all other requirements imposed by the Dental Board as conditions for maintaining licensure and current sedation permits.

True

Employers must include front-line employees when choosing and evaluating sharps safety devices

True

Employers must keep a Sharps Injury Log for the recording of percutaneous injuries from contaminated sharps

True

Employers must keep a record of all sharps injuries

True

Extended version of Infection control and Laws for NC Dental Board examination is now available. You can study by accessing: "Infection Control, Sterilization and Dental Laws for North Carolina Dental Board Examination, 2023 extended version". It provides 1678 test questions, good luck!

True

Failure to follow communicable disease rules can result in being charged with a misdemeanor

True

For oral surgical procedures, perform surgical hand antisepsis before donning sterile surgeon gloves.

True

General anesthesia permit holders shall cease administration of general anesthesia and sedation until the Board has reviewed the incident report and approved resumption of permit privileges

True

History of Measlels, Mumps, and Rubella is not considered an adequate evidence of immunity

True

Holders of a limited volunteer dental license shall comply with the continuing dental education requirements adopted by the Board including CPR training.

True

Ice can be a common source for the spread of infection?

True

If The treatment is provided to children By RDH and Dental Assistant in school-based oral health programs Prior to any treatment being provided, a licensed North Carolina dentist has: (a) examined the patient; (b) ordered in writing the treatment provided to the patient (c) agreed to provide the patient with any necessary additional treatment resulting from the treatment rendered in accordance with this Rule

True

If an applicant for dental hygiene license renewal fails to meet the qualifications for renewal, including completing the required hours of continuing education and delivering the required documentation to the Board's office before the close of business on March 31 of each year, the license becomes void and must be reinstated.

True

If the applicant for RDH license does not pass the written portion of the examination upon the second reexamination, the applicant must retake both the written and clinical portions of the examination upon subsequent reexamination.

True

If the reevaluation is granted, it shall be conducted by different persons, qualified as evaluators

True

If you have or have been exposed to tuberculosis, you will always show a positive TB reading

True

In addition to the universal precautions recommended for all patients, certain additional precautions for the care of HIV-infected patients undergoing major surgical operations have been proposed by personnel in some hospitals.

True

Infection with hepatitis B virus is a major health problem that can cause: lifelong infection, scarring of the liver, liver cancer, liver failure, and death.

True

Internal chemical indicators should be used to validate that a sterilant has penetrated the pack or wrap.

True

Internship does not mean practice under an intern permit while holding an unrestricted general dental or dental specialty license issued by a state, U.S. territory or the District of Columbia

True

It is important to perform hand hygiene after removing your gloves

True

Laser and electrosurgery smoke plumes contain harmful by-products, including infectious materials

True

Latex reactive foods include primarily nuts and fruit, but also some vegetables.

True

Legally licensed druggists of the State of North Carolina may fill prescriptions of dentists duly licensed by the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners

True

No person participating in good faith in an impaired dentist peer review program shall be required in a civil case to disclose any information (including opinions, recommendations, or evaluations) acquired or developed solely in the course of participating in the program.

True

No person who has failed an examination conducted by the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners shall be eligible to receive a provisional license.

True

No student enrolled in an off-campus dental hygiene class or extension facility may receive fees, compensation or remuneration of any kind for providing dental hygiene services

True

No-one shall deny to the recipients or beneficiaries of their aid or services the freedom to choose a duly licensed dentist as the provider of care or services which are within the scope of practice of the profession of dentistry

True

Patients who use Teledentistry are entitled to protection of their medical information no less stringent than the requirements that apply to patients receiving in-person services.

True

Peer liaisons and volunteers participating in programs for impaired dental hygienists shall be dental hygienists

True

Peer review activities include investigation, review and evaluation of records, reports, complaints, litigation, and other information about the practices and practice patterns of dentists licensed by the Board, as such matters may relate to impaired dentists.

True

People who have Spina Bifida and catharize; or have several surgeries from very early in life, such as bladder surgery or shunt revisions, are at very high risk for allergy because of a "cumulative" effect over time.

True

People who undergo multiple surgeries - such as spina bifida patients - are also at increased risk for latex allergy.

True

Personnel in some hospitals have advocated serologic testing of patients in settings in which exposure of health-care workers to large amounts of patients' blood may be anticipated.

True

Persons shall be eligible for an intern permit if they are: (1) not licensed to practice dentistry in North Carolina, but are a graduate of and have a DMD or DDS degree from a dental school or program accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation of the American Dental Association (2) a graduate of a dental program other than a program accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation of the American Dental Association who has been accepted into a graduate, intern, fellowship, or residency program at a North Carolina Dental School or teaching hospital offering programs in dentistry

True

Public health hygienist must be compliant with training as may be required by the Oral Health Section of the Department of Health and Human Services.

True

Regulated Medical waste at NC must be treated prior to disposal. shall not be compacted prior to treatment

True

Saliva has not been implicated in HIV transmission

True

Sedation permit holders shall cease administration of sedation until the Board has investigated the death and approved resumption of permit privileges.

True

State may, in the Board's discretion, have the intern permit renewed for additional one-year periods beyond 72 months if the intern permit holder's approved employing institution comes before the Board on the permit holder's behalf for each subsequent annual renewal;

True

Supplies necessary for all clinical Dental Hygiene work are to be provided by the candidate

True

Symptoms of latex sensitivity can be minor, but without warning, may become life-threatening.

True

Temporary approval to administer general anesthesia shall not be granted to a provisional licensee

True

The Board may provide funds for the administration impaired dentist peer review programs.

True

The Board may require those licensees who have not practiced dentistry for a year or more to undergo a bench test before allowing the licensee to resume practice if there is evidence that the licensee is unable to practice dentistry competently, such as a failing score on a dental licensing examination, a written report of a licensed physician, evaluation conducted by a substance abuse treatment facility, appointment of a guardian for the dentist or adjudication of incompetence by a court.

True

The Board shall require the applicant to receive additional training prior to the reevaluation.

True

The Board will not accept scores from the written portion of the examination that are more than one year old.

True

The Department of Public Safety may charge each applicant a fee for conducting the checks of criminal history records

True

The North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners has the power to make necessary bylaws and regulations

True

The enclosed ballot is not valid unless the signature of the voter is on this envelope

True

The holding of NC license to practice dentistry or dental hygiene in North Carolina shall constitute registration to vote in such elections.

True

The main goal of infection control is to decrease the dose of microorganisms that may be transmitted between people or between individuals and surfaces, thus reducing the likelihood of contracting a disease.

True

The most transmissible bloodborne agent is not HIV, but HBV — the hepatitis B virus.

True

The present study documented the presence of various microorganisms, including Legionella, at considerably higher concentrations in water samples from dental units than in samples of tap water in the same facilities

True

The punishment for practicing dentistry illegally is a class I misdemeanor with each day's violation being a separate offense?

True

The teaching of dental hygiene in a school or college by an individual dental hygienist who is licensed in any state in the United States SHALL NOT constitute the practice of dental hygiene:

True

There is no recommendation regarding the effectiveness of wearing two pairs of gloves to prevent disease transmission during oral surgical procedures

True

There shall be no fee associated with the issuance of a temporary volunteer permit for the practice of dentistry.

True

To be eligible for consideration for equivalency, a licensure examination after January 1, 1998 shall include: (i) anonymity between candidates and examination raters; (ii) standardization and calibration of raters; and (iii) a mechanism for post exam analysis;

True

To prevent contamination: 1. Set out supplies before treatment so you won't need to touch containers or cabinets with contaminated hands. 2. Pass sharp instruments with the tips away from all persons to minimize the risk of injury.

True

Unsafe injection practices can also result in bacterial infections

True

Unsafe injection practices have led to the transmission of HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and bacterial infections.

True

Upon receipt of any adverse occurrence report, the Board investigates and takes disciplinary action if the evidence demonstrates that a licensee has violated the Dental Practice Act

True

When the Board acts, or proposes to act on rulemaking or declaratory ruling proceedings, in a manner that will affect the rights, duties, or privileges of a licensee or applicant for a license or permit, such person has a right to an administrative hearing

True

Whenever any dentist has been deprived of his license, the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners, in its discretion, may restore said license upon due notice being given and hearing had, and satisfactory evidence produced of proper reformation of the licentiate, before restoration.

True

With HIV infected patients antibiotics should be used judiciously, not routinely.

True

risk of disease transmission is limited to persons in close proximity to the droplet source.

True

only a limited number of studies have characterized risk factors and the effectiveness of prevention measures for infections associated with dental health-care practices.

Truth

what organism must an intermediate level disinfectant kill

Tuberculosis

How many dentist are elected each year?

Two

(a) Persons shall be eligible for provisional licensure if they have been licensed to practice dentistry in another jurisdiction for a period of at least __________________ immediately preceding the date of application for provisional licensure.

Two years

Graduates (dental school grads) of foreign colleges may be accepted as applicants for licensure after completing _____ in a dental school accredited by the ADA

Two years

What type of autoclave is recommended for sterilization of handpieces?

Type B or Type S

Which of the following is the most effective technique to use when attempting to reduce the chance of cross-contamination when using film-based radiographic techniques?

Use barriers over each film when placed in the patient's mouth and remove the barriers and film packets prior to placing the films into the processor.

Sterilization:

Use of a physical or chemical procedure to destroy all microorganisms including substantial numbers of resistant bacterial spores.

What is the first step in treating a needle stick injury to a finger?

Use soap and water to wash affected area as soon as possible following injury

The medical asepsis/clean technique:

Uses barrier techniques to reduce microbial transmission between the patient and the dental healthcare provider

Which of the following provides the best description of disease transmission by indirect contact?

Using a contaminated object that was not sterilized properly on a new patient.

Aseptic technique can be maintained while making notations in patient charts. How is this accomplished?

Using barrier protection on writing implements.

Can DA II: use micro-etcher extra-orally?

Yes

How long should you wash hands for?

Wash 15/rinse 10 sec

Latex or non-latex gloves are a barrier for the hands of all dental professionals. Which of the following must be considered to retain the integrity of the gloves?

Washing with detergents can cause "wicking" to occur.

Which of the following statements is LEAST accurate regarding dental unit water lines (DUWL)?

Water from DUWL can be used for all dental procedures

How often biological test for monitoring the sterilization process should be done?

Weekly

Sterilizer monitoring using a biological indicator (BI) should be performed at least how often?

Weekly

When the pre-cleaning of hard surfaces is performed, what technique is best for removing bioburden?

Wipe with disinfectant wipes, allow it to dry, and then repeat

Radiographic film packets can be disinfected by which method?

Wiping carefully with a sanitizing wipe.c.

Can DA I Initially Form & Size Orthodontic Arch Wires & Place Arch Wires after Final Adjustment & Approval by DDS?

Yes

Can DA I Place Amalgam in Prep w/Carrier?

Yes

Can DA I Write Laboratory Work Orders (Exact words must be dictated by the dentist)

Yes

Can DA I Write Prescriptions (Drugs) (Exact words must be dictated by the dentist

Yes

Can DA II flush, dry, and temporarily close root canals or pulpotomies?

Yes

Can DA II apply sealants to teeth that do not require mechanical alteration prior to the application of such sealants

Yes

Can DA II place and remove rubber dams

Yes

Can DA II take impressions for study models and opposing casts that may be used for the construction of temporary or permanent dental appliances, adjustable orthodontic appliances, nightguards and the repair of dentures or partials;

Yes

Can DA II: 1. deliver dentures to patient for insertion, provided the dentist approves the denture placement 2. remove or replace healing abutments or cover screws for implants that may be accessed supragingivally?

Yes

Can DA II: 1. insert matrix bands and wedges 2. place cavity bases and liners

Yes

Can DA II: 1. perform extra-oral adjustments that affect function, fit, or occlusion of any restoration or appliance 2. initially form and size orthodontic arch wires and place arch wires after final adjustment and approval by the dentist?

Yes

Can DA II: 1. remove periodontal and surgical dressings; 2. remove sutures

Yes

Can DA II: apply dentin desensitizing solutions?

Yes

Can DA II: measuring pulse, blood pressure, and temperature

Yes

Can DA II: place a throat shield in oropharynx during administration of general anesthesia?

Yes

Can DA II: place and remove gingival retraction cord

Yes

Can DA II: polish removable appliances extra-orally

Yes

Can DA II: polish the clinical crown?

Yes

Can DA II: 1. cement temporary restorations use temporary cement; 2. apply acid etch materials and rinses; 3. apply bonding agents

Yes

Can DA II: 1. insert interdental spacers 2. fit (size) orthodontic bands or brackets?

Yes

Can DA II: place and remove temporary restorations?

Yes

Can DA II: place and tie in or untie and remove orthodontic arch wires, ligature wires, or lock pins?

Yes

Can DA II: prepare and load amalgam in carrier

Yes

Can local anesthesia CE hours be among those chosen to satisfy the hours of continuing education of licensed dental hygienists

Yes

Can nominated person withdraw his name?

Yes

Can the notice of the Board meeting be waived by the boad

Yes

Once notified by the Board of misconduct do applicants have a right to a hearing?

Yes

Can DA I Monitor pt.'s under Nitrous Oxide

Yes. After completing a 7-hour Board-approved course in nitrous oxide-oxygen conscious sedation, unless included in ADA-accredited program (DAII)

How minimum number of separable cells that give rise to a visible colony of progeny is expressed?

colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL)

Any vacancy occurring on THE Board shall be filled by:

a majority vote of the remaining members of the Board to serve until the next regular election conducted by the Board

How many hours should be pass before attempting to retake a written examination?

a minimum of 72 hours

The impaired dentist peer review organizations that enter into agreements with the Board shall establish and maintain:

a program for impaired dentists licensed by the Board for the purpose of identifying, reviewing and evaluating the ability of those dentists to function as dentists, and to provide programs for treatment and rehabilitation.

Board of Directors established to function as:

a supervisory body to the North Carolina Caring Dental Professionals

Nomination of Dental Hygienist for the election should be made to the Board of Dental Elections by:

a written petition signed by not less than 10 dental hygienists licensed to practice in North Carolina and residing or practicing in North Carolina.

Nomination of Dentist for the election Shall be made to the Board of Dental Elections by:

a written petition signed by not less than 10 dentists licensed to practice in North Carolina and residing or practicing in North Carolina.

Special considerations for infection control

a)dental handpieces and other devices b) radiology c) parenteral medications d) oral surgical procedures e) dental laboratories

Encounter location for Teledentistry

a. between the patient and provider: the location of the patient is the originating site, and the location of the provider is the distant site. b. between providers, conducted for the purposes of consultation, the location of the provider initiating the consult is the originating site, and the location of the consulting provider is the distant site.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

a. gloves in situations involving possible contact with blood or body fluids, mucous membranes, non-intact skin (e.g., exposed skin that is chapped, abraded, or with dermatitis) or OPIM. b. protective clothing to protect skin and clothing during procedures or activities where c. protective shields whenever contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated

List all required and recommended immunizations for DHCP

a. hepatitis B b. MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) c. varicella (chickenpox), d. Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis).

What CDC recommendations of Infection control are based on?

a. strong theoretical rationale b. suggestive evidence, or opinions of respected authorities based on clinical experience c. descriptive studies d. committee reports. e. federal regulations.

What the application for Dental/Hygiene license renewal should include?

a. the serial number of the applicant's license b. full name, address and the county in which he has practiced during the preceding year c. the date of the original issuance of license and other information the Board from time to time may prescribe d. at least six months prior to January 1 of any year.

Objectives of Infection-Control Program

a. to educate DHCP regarding the principles of infection control b. identify work-related infection risks c. institute preventive measures d. ensure prompt exposure management and medical follow-up.

HIV and antiretroviral therapies may be associated with:

abnormal bleeding glucose intolerance hyperlipidemia

RDH license for military spouse requirement

active practice of dental hygiene for at least 1,000h/2 years or the 5 years preceding the date of application.

At CCCC when is water system shocked with Sterilex?

after long breaks after unit fails water test

When ballots should be prepared?

after the close of nominations

Standard precautions

all aspects of disease transmission 1) hand hygiene, 2) use of personal protective equipment 3) safe injection practices, 4) safe handling of potentially contaminated equipment or surfaces in the patient environment 5) respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette.

Universal precautions were based on a concept:

all blood and body fluids that might be contaminated with blood should be treated as infectious because patients with bloodborne infections can be asymptomatic or unaware they are infected

Who can be granted Dental Instructor license?

all licensed dentists are granted an instructor's license upon application to the Board and payment of the required fee.

What dental health-care personnel (DHCP) refers to:

all paid and unpaid personnel in the dental health-care setting who might be occupationally exposed to infectious materials, including body substances and contaminated supplies, equipment, environmental surfaces, water, or air.

filtering facepiece respirators

along with elastomeric respirators and PAPR's provide respiratory protection in absence of N95

What are the circumstances if application fee for the license renewal are not received by January 31?

an additional fee shall be charged for renewal certificate. $50

IgE-mediated allergic reaction (Type I) caused by:

an allergic antibody IgE directed against retained proteins in latex products.

What is the most serious allergic reaction to latex?

anaphylaxis

How often the bloodborne pathogen exposure control plan must be reviewed and updated?

annually

renewal of conscious sedation permit

annually

Document ______________consideration and implementation of appropriate commercially available and effective safer medical devices designed to eliminate or minimize occupational exposure.

annually True

How often Influenza vaccination should be provided

annually for all DHCP with no contraindications

What body develops in response to Hep B vaccine?

anti-HBs

What is an adequate antibody response to HB vaccine?

anti-HBs <10 mIU/mL

Impaired dentist peer review activities conducted in good faith pursuant to any program shall not be grounds for civil action under the laws of this State, and the activities are deemed to be State directed and sanctioned and shall constitute "State action" for the purposes of application of __________________.

antitrust laws

Provisional license is issued to:

any person who is licensed to practice dentistry anywhere in the United States or in any country, territory or other recognized jurisdiction

Every licensee, provisional licensee, intern, or applicant for license, shall be afforded notice and opportunity to be heard before the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners, with the exception of:

applicants for license by comity and applicants for reinstatement after revocation

When the President of the Board and secretary-treasured should be elected?

at each annual meeting

Viral Life Cycle

attachment, penetration, uncoating, gene expression and replication, assembly, and release.

What is regulated medical waste?

blood and body fluids in individual containers in volumes greater than 20 ml, microbiological waste, and pathological waste that have not been treated.

How a nominated person withdraw his name?

by written notice delivered to the Board of Dental Elections or its designated secretary

The Irritants Dermatitis may precede or be concurrent with the:

development of IgE mediated latex allergy.

The Exposure Control Plan shall reflect:

changes in technology that eliminate or reduce exposure to bloodborne pathogens

In order to comply with OSHA's Laboratory standard, a(n) ________________ is a necessary element.

chemical hygiene plan.

An instrument that penetrates bone or soft tissue is classified by the CDC as:

critical.

Dental patients and DHCP can be exposed to pathogenic microorganisms:

cytomegalovirus (CMV), HBV, HCV, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, HIV, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, staphylococci, streptococci.

How Board Members should be notified of the Board meeting?

date, time, and place is given in writing, by registered or certified mail or personally, to each member of the Board 10 days prior to said meeting;

What if only one of the nominees receives a majority?

declared elected.

The main goal of infection control is to ___________________________________________ that may be transmitted between people or between individuals and surfaces, thus reducing the likelihood of contracting a disease.INFECTION CONTROL

decrease the dose of microorganisms

Gloves worn by dental personnel protect:

dental personnel and patients

Universal Precautions

do not include sputum, feces, sweat, vomit, tears, urine, or nasal secretions unless they are contaminated with blood.

long-term use of highly active antiretroviral therapy may be associated with:

dysregulation of calcium homeostasis bone loss diabetes mellitus dyslipidemia periodontal disease

Permit fee for LLC, PLC

each annual permit renewal, and each office inspection in an amount not to exceed the maximum set fee amounts $25.00

How often an election shall be held and when the new board members take the office?

each year to elect successors to those members whose terms are expiring in the year of the election, take office August 1st for three years

engineering controls

eliminate or isolate the hazard 1. puncture-resistant sharps containers 2. needle-retraction devices

A safety climate is:

employees have a shared perception about the safety of their work environment.

Self-sheathing needles are an example of

engineering controls

How often a high-risk groups should be re-vaccinated with meningococcal vaccine?

every 5 years

What an applicants who previously failed an exam and went through at least one academic year should prepare along with the application before being admitted for reexamination

evidence of the additional study

A holder of instructor's license must be a holder of NC RDH/Dental license

false

Post graduate training, residency programs or an internship can be included in 5000 hours of direct care for Dental license by credentials

false

Hepatitis B symptoms can include:

fever, extreme tiredness, stomach pain, nausea, dark‐colored urine, and yellowing of the skin and eyes

The applicant for volunteer license must report any changes to submitted information within:

five days of when the applicant knew or should have known of the changes

A record of all declaratory ruling proceedings will be maintained in the Board's office for as long as the ruling is in effect and for ______________thereafter.

five years

A record of all rulemaking proceedings will be maintained in the Board's office for as long as the rule is in effect, and for _______________ thereafter, following filing.

five years

If an applicant completed the course of study of Local Anesthesia for RDH more than ____________prior to submitting the application the applicant shall retake a course or courses before the applicant may be certified to administer local anesthetics, unless the applicant submits documentation showing the applicant has been practicing dental hygiene, including the administration of local anesthetics by infiltration and block techniques, for the________ period prior to the date of the application.

five years two year

An intern permit holder who has held an unrestricted dental license in a Board-approved state or jurisdiction for the_____________ immediately preceding the issuance of an intern permit in this State may, in the Board's discretion, have the intern permit renewed for additional one-year periods beyond ____________ if the intern permit holder's approved employing institution comes before the Board on the permit holder's behalf for each subsequent annual renewal.

five years 72 months

The Board shall accept Dental Hygiene clinical examination score for a period of:

five years following the date of such examinations.

Previous CDC recommendations regarding infection control for dentistry:

focused primarily on the risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogens among DHCP and patients and use of universal precautions to reduce that risk

For how long HBV survives in dried blood at room temperature on environmental surfaces?

for <1 week

For how long the dental intern permit can be extended?

for not more than five additional one-year periods in a span of 72 months.

For how long intern permit can be extended?

for not more than five additional one-year periods in span of no more than 72 calendar months.

A dental hygienist licensed in NC may receive ______ of continuing education if he/she is employed full time and practicing dental hygiene at a federal, state, or county government agency

four hours

Facultative microbes

grow in presence or absence of oxygen

viremic

have infectious virus circulating in the bloodstream

only one candidate for one position:

he shall be declared elected by the Board of Dental Elections

What should happen in the case of the death or withdrawal of a candidate prior to the closing of the polls in any election.

he shall be eliminated from the contest and any votes cast for him shall be disregarded

Which of the following has no restrictions and can still work as a hygienist:

hep C and B

HIV-infected children are also more prone to acquiring opportunistic viral infections in the oral mucosa, including:

herpes simplex herpes zoster Epstein-Barr human papillomavirus high rate of oral candidiasis infection

requirements for dental equipment to deliver treatment water

heterotrophic bacteria <200 CFU/mL of unfiltered output from waterlines

Standards for drinking water

heterotrophic bacteria of <500 CFU/mL

In the event of the death or resignation of a member of the Board of Dental Examiners, after taking office

his position is filled for the unexpired term by the Board

IgE mediated latex allergy to NRL may cause:

hives angioedema rhinitis conjunctivitis asthma aphylaxis with or without death.

Low-level disinfection

inactivates the majority of: 1. vegetative bacteria 2. certain fungi 3. certain viruses But cannot be relied on to inactivate resistant microorganisms 1. mycobacteria 2. bacterial spores

Intermediate-level disinfection

inactivates: 1. vegetative bacteria, 2. the majority of fungi 3. mycobacteria 4. majority of viruses (particularly enveloped viruses) not bacterial spores. EPA approved as: tuberculocidal

Board of Directors

individuals comprising the oversight panel consisting of representatives from the: 1. North Carolina Dental Society 2. the Board 3. licensed dental hygienists 4. UNC School of Dentistry

For how long an intern permit can be extended beyond 72 months at the Board discretion?

it can be extended for one year more beyond 72 months

type of hypersensitivity (type I) in Dental settings is usually due to:

latex proteins

What are circumstances if Dental/Hygiene application, accompanied by the renewal fee, plus the additional fee, is not received by the Board before March 31 of each year

license void 1. every person thereafter continuing to practice dentistry without having applied for a certificate of renewal shall be guilty of the unauthorized practice of dentistry (Class I misdemeanor) 2. subject to the penalties

The rationale for packaging instruments before placing them into the sterilizers is to:

maintain sterility after sterilization

What is regulated by fed govt

manufacturing and labeling of med devices, safety of drugs and devices, safety and efficacy of disinfectants, medical waste, worker safety, instrument sterilizing

internship

means practice in an educational training program

MMR

measles, mumps, rubella

facultative microbes

microbes which can grow in presence or absence of O2

sputum culture

microbial test used to identify disease-causing organisms of the lower respiratory tract, especially those that cause pneumonias

Each nominee shall be notified by the Secretary of the Board of Elections of his nomination before _____________________.

midnight May 20

How the holder of intern permit should practice dentistry?

must practice dentistry under the supervision or direction of a dentist licensed to practice in NC

Can intern permit be granted to a person who failed clinical or written Board exam?

no

Is there operational difference exists in clinical dental practice between Universal Precautions and standard precautions?

no

who is retired Class I dentists

no more than 250 clock hours per year practice

For how long the intern permit is valid?

no more than one year from the date the permit was issued

For how long intern permit is valid?

no more than one year from the date the permit was issued.

What should be the speed of haddpiece for DA II when polishing clinical crown?

no more that 10,000 rpm

Immunity of witnesses before dental peer review committee "Dental Peer Review Protection Act."

no person providing information to any dental peer review committee or organization shall be held, by reason of having provided such information, to have violated any criminal law, or to be civilly liable under any law.

Last day for delivering return ballots

not earlier than the tenth day following the mailing of the envelopes and ballots to the voters

What is a time frame for the notice to be given to all dentists or dental hygienists qualified to sign a petition of nomination.

not less than 10 days

When notice should be given to all dentists or dental hygienists qualified to sign a petition of nomination?

not less than 10 days prior to the elections

If clinician is exposed to HIV but pt source is unknown what should be done?

notify supervisor, get consent from clinician to perform HIV serology test

When healthcare workers are infected while doing their jobs, it is often referred to as an _______________________.

occupational illness

Annual and special NC State Board of Dental Examiners meetings.

on the date and at the time and place determined by the Board or by any majority of the members.

If an applicant passed written portion but has failed the clinical portion for how long the written portion result is valid?

one calendar year

How many infected HCP recall caring for a patient who was HBsAg-positive?

one third

Applications for RDH military spouse that are not completed within ___________of being submitted to the Board shall be disregarded as expired. Any applicant who changes his or her address shall notify the Board office in writing within __________ business days. (e) Any license obtained through fraud or by any false representation shall be revoked.

one year 10 business days

More than ________________of all hepatitis cases are due to hepatitis B

one-third

How the holder of intern permit receives compensation for services?

only a salary or compensation paid to him by the entity specified in subdivision

Is Board of Dental Elections authorized and empowered to expend from funds?

only a sum is necessary in the performance of its duties as a Board of Dental Elections

What is the collateral pledged by the Board limited to?

only assets, income, and revenues of the Board.

When coronal polishing done by DA II, can it be represented to the patient as a prophylaxis and be billed for prophylaxis?

only when the dentist has performed an evaluation for calculus, deposits, or accretions and a dentist or dental hygienist has removed any substances detected.

HIV-infected children, the most commonly reported lesion is:

oral candidiasis: 1. pseudomembranous 2. erythematous 3. angular cheilitis

How Evaluations provided in Teledentistry

patient evaluations may be conducted by a licensed dentist using teledentistry modalities.

The occupational source of greatest risk of HIV transmission is ______________ injuries.

percutaneous

Hand washing for surgical procedures

perform a surgical hand rub before putting on sterile surgeon's gloves.

percutaneous

pertaining to through the skin

What product can weaken the integrity of latex gloves

petroleum-containing

Surgical instruments require __________________ to insure they are not corroded by thorough and constant sterilization under high heat and pressure.

placement in a surgical milk bath before packaging for the autoclave

What soap is recommended for nonsurgical dental procedures and routine dental exams?

plain or antimicrobial soap

HBIG is prepared from:

plasma containing high titers of hepatitis B surface antibody anti-HBs

no candidate for one position:

position shall be filled by the Board

If there no candidate for two positions:

positions is filled by the Board

Why powder-free gloves are recommended by NIOSH?

powder can often contain latex proteins that can be distributed in the air and on surfaces causing respiratory, cutaneous, and conjunctival symptoms.

What kind of gloves are recommended by NIOSH?

powder-free gloves

The purpose of a holding solution is to:

prevent debris from drying to instruments, easy cleaning

What voting envelope should have?

printed on the left portion of its face: 1. "Serial No. of Envelope: 2. Signature of Voter 3. Address of Voter

If a pt requires pre-med but did not take it prior to apt, what cannot be done at the pt's apt?

probing, scaling, root planing

What Dental Board Exam must include?

procedures performed on human subjects restorative clinical competencies

iatrogenic

produced by treatment

Personal protective equipment is designed to:

protect DHCP from exposure to blood or OPIM

chemical indicators

provide a visual indication that an item was exposed to a sterilization process

Intern compensation rule

receive no fee or fees or compensation of any kind or nature for dental services rendered by him other than salary or compensation paid to him by the entity specified in subdivision

universal precautions

reduce blood exposures

When urgent dental care is necessary but high risk of being infected exists:

refer infectious patients that require transmission-based precautions to a facility that can provide treatment using appropriate isolation practices.

With the exception of applicants for ____________________________, every applicant for a license or provisional license to practice dental hygiene or licensee or provisional licensee to practice dental hygiene shall after notice have an opportunity to be heard before the North Carolina State Board of Dental Examiners

reinstatement after revocation license by comity

The following are reasonable approaches to improve dental unit water quality except one. What is the exception?

replacing dental water lines once per week

Another name for Persistent activity

residual activity.

spatter and aerosols often contain:

saliva, blood, microorganisms, and other debris.

If there is no nominee received a majority of vote for a single seat?

second election shall be conducted between the two nominees who receive the highest number of votes.

Hepatitis B virus can live outside the body on equipment and on surfaces like table tops or blood glucose meters for:

seven days

Prescribing in teledentistry

shall be evaluated by the licensed dentist

Germs can be spread indirectly through:

shared medical equipment

What is a plan of action if DHCP do not develop an adequate antibody response to the primary vaccine?

should complete a second 3-dose vaccine series or be evaluated to determine if they are HBsAg-positive

For how long the Board shell keep the envelopes enclosing ballots?

six months

All envelopes enclosing ballots and all ballots shall be preserved and held separately by the Board of Dental Elections for a period of:

six months following the close of an election.

Droplet transmission:

spray or spatter containing microorganisms travels a short distance before settling on mucous membranes

How many types of dry heat sterilizer exist?

static air and forced air. Static air works like a convection oven while the forced air sterilizer works by circulating hot air at a high rate of speed throughout the heat chamber.

This sterilization method dulls instruments

steam autoclave

How FDA defines a high-level disinfectants?

sterilant used for a shorter contact time

What should be done if sterilization cycle is interrupted before completion

stop sterilizer, allow to cool, re-sterilize instruments

Since they leave a chemical residue on some surfaces, it is best to use _________________________________________ on rubber or plastic items, rather than metals.

synthetic phenol compounds

Amendments to the articles of incorporation or articles of organization shall be forwarded to the Board's office within ___________ after the filing in the office of the _____________________

ten days Secretary of State of North Carolina.

A dentist who designates a dental hygienist employee as capable of providing clinical dental hygiene procedures without direct supervision of the dentist must keep and maintain all records for at least ______________

ten years

A dentist who designates a dental hygienist employee without direct supervision of the dentist must keep and maintain the following records for at least ___________: (1) names of all hygienists (2) proof that each hygienist met the experience requirements (3) names and locations of all facilities at which each hygienist has provided clinical dental hygiene (4) work schedules reflecting all locations at which each hygienist is scheduled to provide clinical dental hygiene procedures without direct supervision in the next __________ (5) schedules of all hygienists indirectly supervised by the dentist, demonstrate that a single dentist does not supervise more than two hygienists (6) records of personal examination and procedures directed by the dentist (7) proof that the dentist and hygienist complied with all requirements

ten years 30 days

Who conducts elections for the Board of Dental Examiners?

the Board of Dental Examiners is constituted a Board of Dental Elections.

The special impaired dentist peer review organizations made up of Dental Society members designated by:

the Dental Society the Board the University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry the East Carolina University School of Dental Medicine

Who appoints the consumer member to the board?

the Governor of North Carolina.

What will change if the Governor declares a state of emergency or a county or municipality?

the North Carolina Board of Dental Examiners may waive the requirements of Article 16 to permit the provision of dental and dental hygiene services to the public during the state of emergency.

special impaired dentist peer review organizations formed by:

the North Carolina Dental Society.

The applicant's fingerprints shall be forwarded to ___________________________________________for a search of the State's criminal history record file, and shall forward a set of the fingerprints to the _______________________________ for a national criminal history check.

the State Bureau of Investigation Federal Bureau of Investigation

Most aerosols and spatter are confined to:

the area around the head of the patient

A specific area of the dental practice must be set aside for:

the cleaning and sterilization of instruments.

Disciplinary action can be taken by the Board for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

the dental hygienist has a poor attitude towards coworkers and patients

In dental settings who should establish programs that arrange for site-specific infection-control services?

the infection-control coordinator

What if in any year the election of the members of a Board is not completed by August 1?

the members take office immediately after the completion of elections

BALLOTS shall contain:

the name and practicing address of each nominee.

All of the following are reasons for a sterilizer to fail a spore test, except when:

the other liquids (not water) were placed in a dry heat sterilizer.

What if a number is used in written work order instead of patients name?

the patient's name shall be written in the duplicate copy of the work order retained by the dentist.

Director is:

the person designated by the Board of Directors to organize and coordinate the activities of the North Carolina Caring Dental Professionals

In the event of the death or withdrawal of a candidate after election but before taking office

the position is filled by the Board.

What is done In the event of the death or resignation of a member of the Board of Dental Examiners, after taking office?

the position is filled for the unexpired term by the Board of Dental Examiners.

What should be done by the Board in the event of the death or withdrawal of a candidate after election but before taking office?

the position to which he was elected shall be filled by the Board of Dental Examiners.

If there is no candidate for two positions, or no candidate for one position?

the positions filled by the Board of Dental Examiners

According to the CDC, hand hygiene is considered

the single most critical measure for reducing the risk of transmitting organisms to patients and health care personnel

What is the majority of voters?

the sum ascertained by dividing the total number of votes cast for all nominees by four.

"North Carolina Caring Dental Professionals members"

the two hygienists appointed by the Dental Board and volunteer Dental Society members selected by the Board of Directors from peer review organizations to serve as parties to interventions, to direct impaired dentists into treatment, and as monitors of those individuals receiving treatment

What happens if more than two nominees receive a majority of the votes cast?

the two receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared elected.

Who is elected if the second election is between four candidates?

the two receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared elected.

Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act requires:

the use of engineering and work practice controls to eliminate or minimize employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

What if at any time after the closing of the period for nominations because of lack of plural or proper nominations or death, or withdrawal, or disqualification or any other reason there are no candidate?

they elected by the Board of Dental Elections

If there only two candidates for two positions:

they shall be declared elected

Applicants who do not pass the written examination after________ attempts within one year may not reapply for provisional licensure

three

Each graded procedure of Clinical Dental Board will be examined separately by at least ____________________________.

three examiners

If a dentist meets the requirements, he shall be granted temporary approval to continue to administer general anesthesia until a permit can be issued. Temporary approval may be granted based solely on credentials until all processing and investigation has been completed. Temporary approval may not exceed _________________.

three months

For how long each member of the Board is elected?

three years

What is the term or NC Dental Board members?

three years

How vaccines administered?

through needle injections, by mouth, and by aerosol.

What the recommended infection-control practices are applicable to?

to all settings where dental treatment is provided

Who the ballot and return envelope addressed to the Board should be mailed to?

to each person entitled to vote

To assure patients that instrumentation is sterilized, it is important:

to open instrument packs and do a thorough hand washing after the patient is seated.b

Expanded or Transmission Based Precautions:

to prevent potential spread of certain diseases: 1. TB 2.influenza 3. varicella

The rationale for cleaning instruments before sterilization is to:

to remove organic debris and allow the sterilization procedure to work

For patients with highly infectious diseases that are easily spread through skin contact, or through airborne or droplet routes, the risk of spreading infection may require standard precautions to be supplemented with another tier of protection called ________________________________

transmission-based precautions.

Sediment filters

trap undissolved particles such as sand & mud before they can reach the reverse osmosis membrane & damage it. commonly found in dental unit water regulators have pore sizes of 20--90 µm and do not function as microbiological filters.

Annual training for all employees shall be provided within one year of their previous training.

true

Antiretroviral therapies have reduced the overall prevalence of oral manifestations of HIV

true

HBV infections can occur in HCP with no history of nonoccupational exposure or occupational percutaneous injury

true

If a member of the Board of Dental Examiners whose position is to be filled at any election is nominated to succeed himself, and does not withdraw his name, he shall be disqualified to serve as a member of the Board of Dental Elections for that election and the remaining members of the Board of Dental Elections shall proceed and function without his participation.

true

Studies have shown that HIV is inactivated rapidly after being exposed to commonly used chemical germicides at concentrations that are much lower than used in practice

true

Your dental practice should have a system in place to detect and manage potentially infectious persons soon after they arrive at your facility.

true

some antiretroviral agents can reduce salivary output, increasing the risk of dry mouth.

true

Every ________________________, a dental hygienist may apply____________ hour(s) of a ADDICTION course meeting the requirements of this Rule toward the total number of continuing education hours required pursuant

two calendar years one clock

Every __________________________, each dental hygienist shall complete ______________________________ of continuing education on substance abuse and mental health.

two calendar years one clock hour

When the statewide supervisory committee considers activities and programs that relate to impaired dental hygienists, its membership shall be expanded to include:

two dental hygienists appointed upon the recommendation of the dental hygienist member of the Board.

Where there are more than two nominees eligible for election to either of two seats at issue in the same election?

two receiving the highest number of votes shall be declared elected.

All required information for renewal volunteer license must be completed and received in the Board office as a complete package at least:

two weeks prior to the renewal of the license

Dental Hygienists applying for RDH license by credentials should actively practice dental hygiene under the supervision of a licensed dentist for a minimum of _________________ immediately preceding the date of application

two years

For how long dentist and contractor should retain work order?

two years

The Board may approve a dental hygienist licensed in this State or any other state or territory to provide local anesthesia upon the dental hygienist meeting all of the following criteria: (1) Produces satisfactory evidence of the required education, training, and clinical qualifications to provide local anesthesia. (2) Has been practicing dental hygiene under the supervision of a licensed dentist for a minimum of _________________ immediately preceding the date of the application. (3) Has successfully completed a course of study on local anesthetics offered through a school or college approved by the United States Department of Education or a Board-approved continuing education provider that includes all of the following: a. A minimum of _______ lecture hours on pharmacology, physiology, equipment, block and infiltration techniques, legal issues, and medical emergencies, including systemic complications. b. A minimum of _________ clinical hours of instruction and experience in administering local anesthesia injections. c. Completion of at least ____ block and ______infiltration injections under the direct supervision of a licensed dentist who must certify the applicant's competency.

two years 16 8 12 12

How intern permit holder should practice dentistry?

under the supervision or direction of one or more dentists duly licensed to practice in this State

When dental school transcripts must be sent to the board?

upon graduation

Sealed proof of graduation from dental hygiene school for those still in dental hygiene school at the time of application must be sent in _____________

upon graduation.

Non-regulated medical waste

used gloves, masks, gowns, lightly soiled gauze or cotton rolls, and barriers

severe latex allergy

• Difficulty breathing caused by swelling of lips, tongue or windpipe • Severe drop in blood pressure (hypotension) • Dizziness • Loss of consciousness • Confusion • Slurred speech • Rapid or weak pulse • Blue hue of the skin, including lips and nail beds • Diarrhea • Nausea and vomiting

"Take action to stay healthy" include:

• Get immunized • Report occupational injuries and exposures immediately • Follow the advice of the medical care provider evaluating your occupational exposure

symptoms of latex allergy

• Itching • Skin redness, hives or rash • Sneezing • Runny nose • Itchy, watery eyes • Scratchy, hoarse throat • Cough • Wheezing and shortness of breath (asthma)

To limit the spread of contamination you must:

• Set up the operatory before starting treatment; unit-dose supplies • Cover surfaces that will be contaminated • Minimize splashes and spatter • Properly dispose of all waste

Avoid contacting blood / body fluids

• Wear gloves, protective clothing, and face and eye protection • Handle sharps with care • Use safety devices as appropriate • Use mechanical devices to clean instruments whenever possible

Nitrous Oxide auxiliary patient monitoring

• dentist initiates use of nitrous • auxiliary can turn oxygen up • auxiliary can turn nitrous down / off