Dev Psych. Quiz 7 (Ch. 11) & Quiz 8 (Ch. 12)
8. In the _____ status, individuals make commitments without considering alternatives. Select one: a. identity diffusion b. foreclosure c. moratorium d. identity achievement
B
10. Which of the following is a stimulant? Select one: a. Amphetamine b. Heroin c. Alcohol d. Barbiturate
A
12. Which of the following statements is true of the development of sexual identity? Select one: a. Sexual differentiation of sex organs and brain occur at different times. b. Sexual orientation of individuals is unlikely to be determined before their birth. c. Individuals are genetically predisposed to have a bisexual orientation. d. Adolescents are unlikely to be aware of their sexual orientation.
A
15. Which of the following statements is true of sexual behavior? Select one: a. Sex hormones predispose lower animals to stereotypical masculine or feminine mating patterns. b. Genetic factors are unlikely to determine the sexual orientation of individuals. c. Individuals are genetically predisposed to have a homosexual orientation. d. Sexual differentiation of sex organs and brain begin at the same time.
A
16. Which of the following best describes a crowd? Select one: a. A large, loosely organized group of people who are identified by the activities of the group b. A group of people who come together as a result of shared ideologies or religious principles c. A small group of individuals who hang around together and who share confidences d. A group of people who are involved in different fields of work but who interact regularly
A
7. Which of the following statements is true of adolescent girls? Select one: a. They are more likely than boys to have a smaller, exclusive network of friends. b. They are more likely than boys to engage in organized group activities. c. They are less likely than boys to expect loyalty and companionship from their friends. d. They are less likely than boys to disclose personal or intimate details to friends.
A
11. Ethan likes to sing and play the guitar and wants to pursue a career in country music. However, his parents advise him to take up a traditional career option. Finally, after considering other career options, he decides to pursue his passion. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Ethan is most likely in the _____ stage. Select one: a. foreclosure b. identity achievement c. moratorium d. identity diffusion
B
11. In the context of Kohlberg's postconventional level of moral development, which of the following statements is true of Stage 6? Select one: a. It recognizes that laws stem from agreed-on procedures and that many rights have great value and should not be violated. b. It relies on supposed universal ethical principles, such as those of human life, individual dignity, justice, and reciprocity c. It assets that adolescents derive conclusions about what they should do in various situations by reasoning from ethical principles. d. It contends that right and wrong should be judged in terms of social conventions, rules, and laws.
B
13. Bulimia nervosa, like anorexia nervosa, _____. Select one: a. is related to severe weight gain b. is connected with irregular menstrual cycles c. involves following a good diet to maintain a healthful weight d. afflicts males more than females during adolescence
B
14. During _____, adolescents undergo an identity crisis in which they examine their values and make decisions about their life roles. Select one: a. the stage of identity diffusion b. a psychological moratorium c. the stage of foreclosure d. ego transcendence
B
15. Which of the following statements is true of estrogen? Select one: a. It accelerates the female growth spurt some years after testosterone accelerates that of males. b. It promotes the growth of the fatty and supporting tissue in the hips and buttocks. c. It brings about the cessation of menarche in women. d. It prevents the long bones from making further gains in length in females.
B
17. At age 20 or 21, men stop growing taller because testosterone causes _____, which prevents the long bones from making further gains in length. Select one: a. osteoporosis b. epiphyseal closure c. nocturnal emission d. gynecomastia
B
17. Running away from home is an example of a(n): Select one: a. white-collar crime. b. status offense. c. felony. d. act of embezzlement?.
B
19. Which of the following statements is true of adolescents' relationships with their parents? Select one: a. Adolescents who are close to their parents tend to be less self-reliant. b. Adolescents interact more with their mothers than their fathers. c. Adolescents tend to have fewer conflicts with their mothers than with their fathers. d. Adolescents spend more time with their parents than they did in childhood.
B
20. In the context of adolescent suicide, which of the following statements is true? Select one: a. Genetic factors have no influence on suicidal tendencies. b. Drug abuse is a warning sign of suicidal tendencies. c. Women are more likely than men to complete a suicide. d. Highly achieving teenagers are unlikely to consider suicide.
B
4. Identify a true statement about adolescents. Select one: a. Adolescents who feel close to their parents are likely to have low self-esteem. b. During adolescence, individuals may develop a less idealized view of their parents. c. Adolescents spend more time with their parents than they did in childhood. d. Unlike conflicts with mothers, conflicts with fathers are unlikely to affect adolescents.
B
7. Victor, a boy in high school, has matured earlier than his other male friends. He plays on many of the sports teams with his seniors. In this scenario, Victor is: Select one: a. more likely to be dependent and insecure. b. more likely to be poised, relaxed, and good-natured. c. more likely to be bullied and dominated. d. less likely to be aggressive and involved in delinquent behavior.
B
9. In the context of adolescent development, which of the following statements is true of junior high school? Select one: a. The transition from elementary school typically appears to be more difficult for boys than girls. b. Teachers in junior high typically allow less student input and exert more control than teachers in elementary school. c. The transition to junior high involves a shift from a larger elementary school to a smaller, more personal setting. d. The transition to junior high involves a new school with less students and one teacher for all subjects.
B
10. Which of the following is characteristic of adolescents in the stage of identity diffusion? Select one: a. They tend to exhibit suicidal tendencies. b. They set high standards for themselves. c. They tend to be alienated and rebellious. d. The have established personal goals.
C
13. Ava is a young woman who is sexually attracted to other women. She has been aware of her sexual preference since her teenage years. In this scenario, Ava has a _____ orientation. Select one: a. bisexual b. heterosexual c. homosexual d. transgender
C
19. Which of the following statements is true of intervention efforts to prevent school dropouts? Select one: a. Involvement of families or community organizations has proved ineffective in interventions to prevent school dropouts. b. Most successful intervention programs involve teaching students in classes of large sizes. c. Most intervention efforts are usually not introduced until students are on the verge of dropping out. d. Identification and monitoring of high-risk students has proved to be ineffective in interventions to prevent school dropouts.
C
20. Which of the following is a difference between primary sex characteristics and secondary sex characteristics? Select one: a. The primary sex characteristics respond to pituitary hormones, while the secondary sex characteristics do not respond to pituitary hormones. b. The primary sex characteristics are physical indicators of sexual maturation, while the secondary sex characteristics trigger the development of sex hormones. c. The primary sex characteristics are structures that make reproduction possible, while the secondary sex characteristics are not directly involved in reproduction. d. The primary sex characteristics include breast development, while the secondary sex characteristics include the ovaries and testes.
C
Nikita is a 15-year-old girl. Her performance at school is poor, and she has no hobbies or interests. She has no goals for her future and is content to spend her life one day at a time. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, Nikita is most likely in the _____ stage. Select one: a. identity achievement b. moratorium c. identity diffusion d. foreclosure
C
12. _____ are physical indicators of sexual maturation that are not directly involved in reproduction. Select one: a. Adolescent risk behaviors b. Primary sex characteristics c. Personal fables d. Secondary sex characteristics
D
16. Calcium intake is particularly important for females to: Select one: a. avoid abnormalities in the endocrine system. b. avoid early puberty. c. prevent early menopause. d. prevent osteoporosis later in life.
D
18. In the context of the development of identity in humans, which of the following is an assumption made by Erik Erikson? Select one: a. Erik Erikson assumed that a woman's relationships with her peers did not play a role in her identity development. b. Erik Erikson assumed that men, unlike women, were less concerned with ideological matters during adolescence. c. Erik Erikson assumed that women were more likely than men to reject the minority culture for the dominant culture. d. Erik Erikson assumed that relationships were more important to women's development of identity than occupational matters.
D
2. Identify a true statement about friendships in adolescence. Select one: a. Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress mutual understanding as compared to friendships of childhood. b. Friendships in adolescence are less likely to stress intimate self-disclosure as compared to friendships of childhood. c. Adolescents and their friends tend to have opposing views about drug use and sexual activity. d. Adolescents and their friends typically belong to the same age, race, and gender.
D
3. Which of the following statements is true of gender differences in cognitive abilities? Select one: a. Girls usually outperform boys on many types of visual-spatial tasks. b. Historically, it has been believed that female adolescents generally outperform males in mathematics. c. Girls in the United States are more likely than boys to have reading problems. d. As a group, females surpass males in verbal ability throughout their lives.
D
4. In the context of puberty, which of the following statements is true of the gonads? Select one: a. They stimulate the hypothalamus, perpetuating the feedback loop. b. They stimulate the testes to increase their output of testosterone, leading to the development of genitals. c. They trigger abnormalities in the endocrine system. d. They respond to pituitary hormones by increasing their production of sex hormones.
D
5. In the context of adolescent employment, which of the following scenarios is true about adolescents who work for more than 11 to 13 hours a week? Select one: a. Shu, an Asian American student, notices that he wastes a lot of his earnings on frivolous gadgets and gifts. b. Dwayne, an African American student, finds that his self-esteem is boosted due to his time spent working at a job he is good at. c. Lucy, a European American student, finds that working helps her overcome her issues with social anxiety. d. Rajat, an Asian American student, notices a fall in his grade point average since he has started working.
D
6. Which of the following statements is true of self-esteem? Select one: a. Individuals who feel close to their parents tend to have low self-esteem and self-reliance. b. High self-esteem is a characteristic of individuals who are depressed or suicidal. c. Individuals in the stage of identity diffusion are likely to have high self-esteem and self-acceptance. d. Self-esteem tends to decline after middle childhood and improves after the age of 12 or 13.
D
8. Jared received a sport-utility vehicle as a present from his dad for his seventeenth birthday. As a result, he has become quite popular among his schoolmates. He often brags about his new car and takes his friends on long rides, usually driving over the speed limit. He believes that driving at high speeds is a thrilling experience. He considers himself too smart to be caught by cops for violating the traffic rules. This scenario illustrates the concept of _____. Select one: a. bulimia nervosa b. anorexia nervosa c. learned helplessness d. personal fable
D
9. Amelia's teachers are of the opinion that she can become a successful lawyer and encourage her to achieve that goal. Inspired by their encouragement, she plans to study business law in college. However, she takes this decision without considering other career options. In the context of James Marcia's identity statuses, this scenario exemplifies the stage of: Select one: a. moratorium. b. identity diffusion. c. identity achievement. d. foreclosure.
D
2. Olivia is attending a birthday party with her friends. She is wearing a new dress that she recently bought from a boutique. She is quite self-conscious about how she's looking in the dress and is assuming that her friends are also scrutinizing her outfit. This scenario illustrates the concept of _____. Select one: a. imaginary audience b. learned helplessness c. personal fable d. social cognition
a
1. Which of the following statements is true of alcohol? Select one: a. It improves concentration. b. It distorts perceptions. c. It increases inhibitions. d. It improves coordination.
b
3. Conflicts between adolescents and parents typically center on issues such as: Select one: a. political views. b. curfews. c. health problems. d. economic status.
B
6. Which of the following is a characteristic of anorexia nervosa? Select one: a. Binge eating b. A distorted body image c. An increase in bone density d. A dramatic weight gain
B
14. _____ describes women who have low availability of energy, menstrual problems, and lessened bone density. Select one: a. Bulimia nervosa b. Rett syndrome c. The female athlete triad d. Turner syndrome
C
18. Which of the following statements is true of marijuana? Select one: a. It decreases sensory awareness of users. b. It enhances short-term memory of users. c. It helps users relax and elevates their mood. d. It helps users in better perceptual-motor coordination.
C
5. Unlike childhood peer groups, adolescent peer groups: Select one: a. are controlled by parents. b. disregard the importance of shared activities. c. are less likely to be influenced by a similarity in attitudes. d. may include more members of the opposite gender.
D
