DHN 101 Exam 1

According to Dietary Guidelines for Ameircans, 2010, Americans should limit their cholesterol intake to _____ mg/day

300

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food for a while. Based on this info, she is likely to refer to ____ when developing the new formula

DRIs

Which of the following products is a popular dietary supplement among American adults?

Echinacea

Which of the following substances participates in a chemical reaction that results in the digestion of fat?

Gastric lipase

You are planning a party for a group of 22-year old college students. Some of the students follow the dietary practices of the religion of Islam. Which of the following beverages would be acceptable to everyone at the party?

Iced punch made with fruit juices and carbonated water

Which of the following statements is true?

Most enzymes have names that end with -ase.

Which of the following statements is true? A) Dietitians usually rely on Daily Values to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of diets B) To avoid nutrient deficiency disorders, Americans should consume 50% of the EAR for each nutrient C) A person who meets the EER for his or her racial and/or ethnic ancestry will gain at least 2 pounds/week

None of these are correct

Which of the following statements is true?

Older adults generally have fewer taste buds than children

A scientist adds 5 mcg of the mineral cadmium to the daily diet of 100 4-week-old lab mice. After 12 weeks, the researcher weighs and takes blood samples from each mouse. According to her findings, the mice lost weight during the 12-week period and they have abnormal levels of certain hormones in their blood. Based on this info, what would you tell the researcher about her findings?

The findings are not meaningful or valid because of the way she designed her study.

Which of the following statements is true?

The typical Asian diet contains high amounts of vegetables and inadequate amounts of milk and milk products

Which of the following observations is an example of an inverse correlation?

Women who smoke 5+ cigarettes each day during pregnancy are more likely to give birth to underweight babies than women who smoke fewer than 5 cigarettes a day during pregnancy

The professional football star Andro "The Man" McGraw claims the dietary supplement AminoProFix helped him build muscle mass quickly and safely. His endorsement of the product is an example of

a testimonial

A food has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of oven cleaner. Based on this info, the food is

an egg white

Zach takes 500 mg of vitamin C daily. He advises friends to take vitamin C supplements because, he claims, the vitamin protects him from cold viruses. His claim about the usefulness of the vitamin is an

anecdote

A molecule forms when two or more atoms are attracted to each other and held together by

bonds

The primary function of the cardiovascular system is

circulation of blood throughout the body

A scientist discovers a chemical compound in certain rocks that she calls "stonia". She cannot market extracts that contain stonia as a dietary supplement, because it

does not contain dietary ingredients

Today, the only food Meghan ate was a casserole that contained 24 ounces of lemon-flavored yogurt, 16 oz of cooked turkey, and 10 oz of cooked noodles. According to MyPlate, she ate nothing from the group that includes

fruit

Last night Sara ate French fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert, she had a chocolate milk shake. About an hour after eating this food, she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has

gallstones

Jillian drinks a couple of beers and smokes over a pack of cigarettes daily. Even though she's about 40lbs overweight, she likes to wear tight-fitting clothes. Based on this info, Jillian has a high risk of developing ____?

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Monique is a 19-year-old college student who would like to follow a Mediterranean diet pattern instead of her typical "western" diet. Based on this info, she should

increase her intake of fruit and legumes

The ____ is the second segment of the small intestine

jejunum

A group of registered dietitians is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on school-aged children's behavior. At first, the researchers will

make observations

Paisley usually has four bowel movements each week. Based on this info, Paisley should

not worry, because she is not constipated

Scientists enroll 500 healthy adults in a study and collect dietary and other lifestyle info about the group. After 6 years, the scientists determine that study participants who ate at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables daily were less likely to develop high blood pressure than those who ate fewer than 5 servings of fruits daily. This study is an example of a ____ study

prospective

A magazine article about weight loss diets includes false information about the process of digestion that uses scientific-sounding terms to make it seem factual. The faulty info is an example of

pseudoscience

Kayla was a participant in a clinical study to determine how much vitamin C cures scurvy, the vitamin's deficiency disease. During the study, Kayla consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it did not contain vitamin C. Within a few weeks, Kayla developed scurvy. At that point, researchers gave 2mg vitamin C to her each day for a week, but her signs and symptoms of scurvy remained. In the weeks that followed, the scientists continued to increase her intake of the vitamin by 2 mg/week. After a week of taking 10mg of vitamin C/day, she reported feeling much better. Based on this info, researches concluded that Kayla's

requirement for vitamin C was 10 mg

An advertisement for a weight loss product includes ____, indicating that the ad is an unreliable source of nutrition info, and the product is likely to be worthless. A) the statement that individual results may vary B) promises of a quick and easy path to weight loss C) vague, meaningless terms

all of these are correct

A group of 50 adult male humans were in a clinical study to determine how much niacin is toxic. During the first two weeks of the study, members of the group consumed only a formula diet that was nutritionally complete, except it contained 24 mg niacin, which is 1.5 times the RDA for niacin (males). At that point in the study, all members reported feeling fine, and they could function normally. During the next week, they were given a formula that contained 48 mg niacin. Within a few days of consuming this formula, 90% of the participants reported feeling ill, and they complained of having upset stomachs and reddened facial skin. At that point, researchers gave the subjects a formula that contain 16 mg niacin. After a week of consuming the new formula, all participants reported feeling well again. Based on this information, the researchers concluded that the

UL for niacin was between 24 and 48 mg/day

Kristin uses % DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods. She should try to obtain at least 100% of the daily value for which of the following nutrients?

Vitamin C