Django Learning

What kind of structure Django project embrace?

Django projects embrace a modular structure. It has a typically have a specific directory structure that organizes the various components of the project in a logical and consistent way. Here is a brief overview of the typical directory structure of a Django project: · The root directory of the project contains the manage.py script and the settings.py file, which contain the configuration options for the project. It may also contain other files and directories related to the project, such as a README.md file and a LICENSE file. · The apps directory contains the individual Django apps that make up the project. Each app is a self-contained package of code that performs a specific function in the project. · The static directory contains the static files for the project, such as CSS and JavaScript files. These files are served to the client by the Django web server. · The templates directory contains the HTML templates for the project. These templates are used to render the final HTML pages that are sent to the client. · The media directory contains media files that are uploaded by users of the project, such as images and videos. These files are typically stored on the server and served to the client on demand. Overall, this directory structure is designed to keep the various components of the Django project organized and easy to find. It also makes it easy to maintain and modify the project, as each component is located in a dedicated directory.

How to create a project in Django?

>>python3 -m django startproject <project_name>

What is the purpose of asgi.py file in Django project?

In a Django project, the asgi.py file is used to define the application server gateway interface (ASGI) for the project. ASGI is a specification for web servers that support asynchronous programming, and it is used to connect Django to a range of web servers that can handle ASGI requests. The asgi.py file is typically located in the root directory of the Django project and contains a single ASGI application instance, which is responsible for handling incoming requests and routing them to the appropriate Django view. It also performs other tasks, such as loading the Django middleware and settings and establishing a connection to the database. To use asgi.py, you need to run a web server that supports ASGI, such as Daphne or Uvicorn. You can then start the server using the command python manage.py runasgi, which will start the ASGI application defined in asgi.py and listen for incoming requests. Overall, the asgi.py file is an important part of a Django project, as it allows you to use modern asynchronous web servers to serve your Django application. It is especially useful for high-concurrency applications, as it can handle many requests concurrently without blocking.

What is purpose of manage.py file in django?

In a Django project, the manage.py file is a command-line utility that lets you interact with the Django project in various ways. Some of the common tasks you can perform using manage.py include: · Starting the development server: You can use the runserver command to start the development server, which allows you to test your Django project locally. · Creating and modifying the Django models: The makemigrations and migrate commands let you create and apply database migrations, which are used to update the database schema to match the current models in your Django project. · Running tests: The test command lets you run the test suite for your Django project, which is used to ensure that the code is working correctly. · Creating new Django apps: The startapp command lets you create a new Django app, a self-contained package of code that performs a specific function in your Django project. · Running custom management commands: You can create custom management commands that can be run using manage.py. These are useful for tasks specific to your Django project and are not covered by the built-in management commands. · Setting up the database in the project. Overall, manage.py is an essential tool for managing and interacting with a Django project.

What is the purpose of settings.py file in Django project?

In a Django project, the settings.py file is used to store configuration options for the project. It contains a variety of settings that control the behavior of the Django project, such as the database configuration, the installed Django apps, the middleware used by the project, and many other options. The settings.py file is typically located in the root directory of the Django project, and it is imported by various parts of the Django codebase to access the configuration options. It is also used by the manage.py script to set up the Django environment when you run management commands. Here are some examples of the types of settings you can find in the settings.py file: · Database configuration: The DATABASES setting specifies the configuration for the database used by the Django project. It includes the database engine, the name of the database, and the connection details. · Installed apps: The INSTALLED_APPS setting specifies the Django apps that are installed and available for use in the project. These can be Django's built-in apps or third-party apps that you have installed. · Middleware: The MIDDLEWARE setting specifies the middleware classes that are used by the Django project. Middleware is a layer of code that sits between the Django application and the web server, and it is used to perform tasks such as authentication, caching, and compression. · Static files: The STATICFILES_DIRS setting specifies the directories where Django will look for static files (such as CSS and JavaScript files) to be served to the client. Overall, the settings.py file is an important part of a Django project, as it allows you to customize the behavior of the project to suit your needs. It is also useful for managing different environments (such as development, staging, and production) by using different settings files for each environment.

What is the purpose of urls.py file in Django project?

In a Django project, the urls.py file is used to define the URL patterns for the project. A URL pattern is a set of rules that specifies how the URL should be matched to a view function in the Django project. The urls.py file contains a list of these URL patterns, along with the corresponding view functions that should be called when a matching URL is requested. The urls.py file is typically located in the root directory of the Django project, and it is used to map URLs to views. When a user requests a URL in the Django project, the Django URL dispatcher checks the urls.py file to find a matching URL pattern. If a match is found, the corresponding view function is called, and the response is returned to the user. Here is an example of a simple urls.py file: from django.contrib import admin from django.urls import path from . import views urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('', views.index, name='index'), ] In this example, the urlpatterns list contains two URL patterns. The first pattern matches the URL /admin/ and maps it to the Django admin site. The second pattern matches the root URL / and maps it to the index view function defined in the views.py file. Overall, the urls.py file is an important part of a Django project, as it allows you to specify the URL patterns for the project and map them to the appropriate views. It is also useful for organizing the URL structure of the project and making it easy to maintain and modify.

What is the purpose of wsgi.py file in Django project?

In a Django project, the wsgi.py file is used to define the web server gateway interface (WSGI) for the project. WSGI is a specification for web servers that allows them to communicate with web applications written in Python. It is used to connect Django to a range of web servers that can handle WSGI requests. The wsgi.py file is typically located in the root directory of the Django project and contains a single WSGI application instance, which is responsible for handling incoming requests and routing them to the appropriate Django view. It also performs other tasks such as loading the Django middleware and settings, and establishing a connection to the database. To use wsgi.py, you need to run a web server that supports WSGI, such as Apache or Gunicorn. You can then start the server using the command python manage.py runwsgi, which will start the WSGI application defined in wsgi.py and listen for incoming requests. Overall, the wsgi.py file is an important part of a Django project, as it allows you to use a wide range of web servers to serve your Django application. It is especially useful for production deployments, as it is widely supported and has been battle-tested in many production environments.

What are "URLs"?

URL Config/Routes: URL - Action mappings which ensure that certain results are "achieved" when certain URLs are entered by the user.

How to create a new app in Django project?

Use the below command to create a new django app: >python manage.py startapp challenges

How to launch local development server?

Use the below command to launch the development server: >python3 manage.py runserver

What are apps in Django project?

· Apps are building blocks for the overall project · "Apps" is ~= "Module" Example Google is a Project but Google Search, Google Images, Google Maps, etc are the apps.

What are "Views"?

· The view is a function or a class holding the logic. So holding a code that should execute when a request reaches one of your supported URLs. · Views are responsible for processing requests (parsing the URL, HTTP method, and potential request data) and creating a response. What are the tasks view manages: >Load and prepare data >Run any other business logic >Prepare and return response data (e.g HTML)