Doctrine of Christ

Nestorianism

"Christ was two persons in one body rather that two natures in one person" stresses the reality of the two natures so much that the reality of one person is lost and Christ becomes the union of two persons. Jesus is a vehicle of divinity but not God rejected at council of Ephesus 431

Atonement is at the heart of Jesus ministry

1. Christ's atoning work starts with his perfect obedience and righteous life which takes the place of our disobedient and unrighteous lives. 2. Christ's sacrificial death paid the penalty of sin that sinners deserved and only he could pay. 3. Christ's sacrifice itself was perfect and as a result could actually pay for the price for sins and remove them as OT sacrifices could not. 4. Christ's sacrifice was eternal, complete, and once and for all

List the six heresies of Christology

1. Ebionism- denial of his deity 2. Arianism- Denial of his completeness of his deity 3. Docetism- denial of his humanity 4. Apollinarianism- Denial of the completeness of his humanity 5. Nestorianism- Denial of the Unity of his person 6. Eutychianism- Denial of the distinction of his natures

What are examples that prove Jesus has a human body?

1. He grew 2. He experienced physical limitations 3. His body was sensed and experienced by others 4. Jesus had, and still has, a physical body after his resurrection 5. he had a human mind

What are six Biblical supports that support the deity of Jesus?

1. He spoke with authority 2. His relationship to God the Father 3. Jesus' use of the title 'Son of man' 4. the emphasis Jesus put on his own identity 5. The Jewish leader's response to Christ 6. Christ received worship

Why did Jesus die?

1. Human sin (greed, envy, cowardice)

List the four affirmations of the person of Christ

1. Jesus Christ is fully and completely divine 2. Jesus Christ is fully and completely human 3. Jesus Christ's divine and human natures are distinct 4. Jesus Christ's two natures are fully and completely united in one person.

List the practical importance of the Humanity of Christ

1. Jesus reveals the nature of true humanity to us 2. Human nature if by definition good 3. The incarnation is necessary for Jesus' representative obedience for us 4. The death of Jesus can truly avail for us as a substitute sacrifice 5. Jesus' incarnation was necessary for him to be a mediator between God and man 6. Jesus' incarnation was necessary for him to be our example and pattern and model in life 7. Jesus' incarnation was necessary for him to be our sympathetic high priest

List the implications of the Chalcedonian Christology

1. One nature of Christ can and sometimes does things his other nature cannot 2. Anything either nature does, the person of Christ does 3. The incarnation is more a matter of Christ's gaining attributes than his giving up of divine attributes 4. We must look first to J.C. to see the incarnation actualized 5. The initiative and power for the incarnation came from God not from man 6. In becoming human, God takes on that which made in his own image.

What stages are in the Humiliation phase?

1. Pre-incarnate glory 2. Incarnation 3. Earthly life (Jesus is our servant king) 4. Christ's death

What are examples of Jesus' actions that show he had a religious life?

1. dependence on the Holy Spirit 2. Fellowship/community/ worship 3. Baptism 4. Prayer 5. scripture 6. Fasting

What is the essential importance of Jesus' two natures?

1. it is essential for Christ to be both God and man to be the mediator between God and man 2. It is essential for Jesus to be both God and man for him to make atonement for our sins. 3. It is essential for Jesus to be both God and man for him to be our sympathetic high priest

Jesus is the perfect and true prophet

1. the words of Jesus are the very words of God. Thus they are divinely authoritative, eternal, and unchangeable. 2. Jesus not only spoke the truth of God, he is the truth of God

4 implications of the deity of Christ

1. we can have real knowledge of God 2. Redemption is possible and available to us 3. Our redeemer and sympathetic high priest has omnipotent power and infinite wisdom combined with his deep covenant love to be able to truly help us at every point of need. 4. Worship of and obedience to Christ is appropriate and necessary.

since Jesus Christ is the true and perfect prophet what do we do?

1. we go to Jesus as our ultimate source of all truth especially regarding truth about God, ourselves, our lives, and our future 2. When we do go to Jesus, we must hear his words and obey 3. The church is intended to represent Jesus in having a prophetic voice into the world

What stages are in the Exaltation phase?

5. Christ's Resurrection 6. Christ's ascension 7. Christ's heavenly session- being seated at the right hand of the father 8. Christ's second coming and millennial reign 9. Christ's eternal glory

What were the two stages of the Priestly work of Christ?

Atonement and Intercession

The Penal Substitution Theory

Atonement viewed as God, in the person of Jesus Christ, taking the punishment deserved by humanity for sin. Jesus died in our place

Arianism

Christ was not fully divine. He was a created being; the first and highest created being rejected at the council of Nicaea 325 AD

Apollinarianism

Denied the FULLNESS of the humanity of Christ by denying that he had a rational spirit. (rejected at council of Constantinople)

Docetism

Denies the full humanity of Christ. the divine logos was not truly human. He only appeared to be human. incarnation of Jesus was impossible Gnosticism stemmed from this heresy

what are the two heresies denying the humanity of Christ?

Docetism and Apollinarianism

What are two heretical understandings that come from the deity of Christ?

Ebionitism and Arianism

What does Christ do as king?

He rules, defends, protects, and shepherds his people. Christ will judge all people, the living and the dead

What were the two phases of Christ's work?

Humiliation and Exaltation

The ransom theory

Jesus bought us back out of slavery (market place talk)

What are the three offices of Christ?

Jesus is the perfect and true: Prophet, Priest, and King

The intercession of Christ

Jesus represents his people based on his atoning work on the cross 1. it is continual, everlasting, personal, and eternal 2. it is always effective 3. it is personal and relational

Language of the law court

Justification we are condemned we are pardoned and counted as righteous

As Christ's representatives the church is intended to fulfill a kingly role in the world. What are ways we can do this by?

Live, Pray, fight darkness, care for the "least of these", be patient and don't take vengeance, combat sin and evil with confident hope, Worship Christ now like you will for all eternity

What are the two misunderstandings of the Unity of the two natures?

Nestorianism and Eutychianism (Monophysitism)

Was Jesus' life taken from him?

No- Jesus gave up his life voluntarily. It was the consequent, absolute necessity of the atonement.

What happened to Jesus' body after the resurrection?

Nothing; Jesus ascended with his resurrected human body and remains in this state forever.

Language of the marketplace

Redemption, Ransom we are enslaved we are set free

Eutychianism (Monophysitism)

Stressed the unity of the person so much that in the end there is only one nature. (rejected at the council of Chalcedon 541).

Ebionitism (Adoptionism)

The most radical denial of the deity of Christ earliest heresy of Christology he in nature was not God but at his baptism received divine abilities.

The example theory

The view that in the atonement Christ did not bear the just penalty of God for our sins but that he simply provided us with an example of how we should trust and obey God perfectly, even if this leads to death.

True or False: Jesus had a human birth

True: his conception is miraculous but not his birth

Language of the Battlefield

Victory, Deliverance, Rescue We are facing dreadful enemies We are delivered and are triumphant in Christ

Was Jesus tempted?

YES

Jesus remained sinless

Yes- he perfectly overcame temptation every time

Language of OT sacrifices

blood, lamb, sacrifice we are guilty we are forgiven

What does Christ rule as king?

nature, his people, all people

Language of Personal relationships

propitiation we are under God's holy wrath God's wrath is satisfied/quenched

Language of Personal relationships

reconciliation we are alienated from God We are brought back into intimate fellowship with God