Domain Two AWS Solutions Architect Performance Architecture

How many requests per second can Amazon CloudFront handle?

1,000

Will my standby RDS instance be in the same Availability Zone as my primary?

No

How and when should you take a snapshot of the instance to ensure the most complete snapshot?

Shut down the instance and take a snapshot of the instance. Data to and from a cache is ephermal, and if your instance is reading and writing that data frequently the only way to ensure that your snapshot isn't missing data is to stop the instance from running altogether and then take a snapshot. Need to cache the data. + You cannot detach a root volume from an instance! N

Use Route 53 with static website register domain name Configure a record set in Route 53 to host static website from S3

routing policies are for Route 53 and not for ELB

Target Group associated with ELB Not Auto Scaling!!!! Cannot modify an exiting launch configuration

spot instance must be persistent launch configuration is changed

Decouple

-Can't talk to Order Dispatcher or Application Dispatcher so you insert a Que so when it runs again you get back into the que Decoupled by SQS -Decouple for scalability use ELB Logging Service to DynamoDB

Monitoring Application Load Balancer

-CloudWatch Metrics -Request Tracing -CloudTrail Logs -Access Logs

Trigger to scale up and down for an Auto Scaling Group

-CloudWatch Triggers such as memory or CPU utilization to notify AWS to scale a group up or down. - Also manually scale up or down with the AWS Console -SNS and Route 53 not triggers!

Improve performance of infrequently accessed data respond quickly to requests

-Create Read Replicas of the primary database -Increase the available memory of the database instance (Almost always safe to say to increase performance upgrade the instance)

AutoScaling scaling too much

-Modify the CloudWatch alarm period that triggers your AutoScaling scale down policy evaluates when determining alarm state. As you increase the number of data-points required to trigger an alarm -Modify the AutoScaling group cool down timers Sufficient Time to Stabilize -The order of termination is not the issue here rather it is scaling too much

Route 53

-Register Domain Names -Route Internet traffic to the resources for your domain -Check the health of your resources

Monitored for health checks by AWS Route 53

-State of CloudWatch Alarm -Endpoints

How many EC2 instances can be attached to a single EBS Volume at one time?

1

Default max amount of S3 buckets per account?

100, if you request an upgrade this can be increased Does not change by configuration must ask AWS team

Load Balancers provide a

A load balancer is a device that acts as a reverse proxy and distributes network or application traffic across a number of servers. Load balancers are used to increase capacity (concurrent users) and reliability of applications. The reason being that AWS wants your load balancer to be accessible using a static endpoint, even if the underlying infrastructure that AWS manages changes STATIC DNS NAME

An e-commerce application is hosted in AWS. The last time a new product was launched, the application experienced a performance issue due to an enormous spike in traffic. Management decided that capacity must be doubled the week of future product launches. Which is the MOST efficient way for management to ensure that capacity requirements are met? Add a Step scaling policy Add a Dynamic Scaling policy Add a Scheduled Scaling action Add Amazon EC2 Spot instances.

Add a Scheduled Scaling action May not be cost effective and it also affects elasticity as it is less dynamic Scheduled Scaling: Provided number of instances

While launching an RDS DB instance, on which page I can select the Availability Zone?

Additional Configuration

A company is writing a new service running on Amazon EC2 that must create thumbnail images of thousands of images in a large archive. The system will write scratch data to storage during the process. Which storage service is best suited for this scenario? EC2 instance store Amazon EFS Amazon CloudSearch Amazon EBS Throughput Optimized HDD (st1) Iops

Amazon EBS Throughput Optimized HDD (st1) Throughput optimized Big Data, Data Lake Large Amount of Logs alot more storage for $$$ Process alot of logs more cost effective than provisioned Throughput Data Warehouse Low cost lower priority Database low traffic volumes Map Reduce/ Kafka/ log processing/ Data Warehouse/ ETL Workloads Data Warehousing

A company has a popular multiplayer mobile game hosted in its on-premise datacenter. The current infrastructure can no longer keep up with demand and the company considering a move to the cloud. Which solution should a Solutions Architect recommend as the MOST scalable and cost-effective solution to meet these needs? Amazon EC2 and an Application Load Balancer Amazon S3 and Amazon Cloudfront Amazon EC2 and Amazon Elastic Transcoder AWS Lambda and Amazon API Gateway

Amazon EC2 and an Application Load Balancer

An application is running in a single AWS region. The business team adds a requirement to run the application in a second region for multi-region high availability. A Solutions Architect needs to enable traffic to be distributed to multiple regions for high availability. Which AWS service meets the requirements? Amazon Route 53 Elastic Load Balancing Amazon Cloudfront Amazon S3 Website hosting.

Amazon Route 53: DNS service managed by AWS domain management and registration. Networking Service

My EC2 Instance does not have the permissions to perform an API call PutObject on S3. What should I do?

Ask an admin to attatch a policy to the IAM Role on my EC2 instance that authorizes it to do an API call IAM roles are the right way to provide credentials and permissions to an EC2 instance

Synchronous: fault tolerant that can failover between AZ's use RDS in a multi-AZ configuration. Replicate primary database replicate the standby instance. Replica in another AZ and replicates it. Multi Az deployments for SQl Server engine use synchronous logical replication. RDS. Push changes. Multi AZ setup provides synchronous replication. to backup data to the secondary instances for the purpose of disaster recovery

Asynchronous used for read replicas for RDS push data to the read replicas whenever possible for improved read performance Scheduled Replication and Continuous Replication not used for RDS

Automate the backup of your RDS Instances:

Automated backups Automated Snapshots S3 lifecycle management policies not applicable to RDS databases.

When and how often do automatic RDS backups happen?

Automated backups occur daily during the preferred backup window. If the backup requires more time than allotted to the backup window, the backup stops and you will be notified.

A Solutions Architect must review an application deployed on EC2 instances that currently stores multiple 5-GB files on attached instance store volumes. The company recently experienced a significant data loss after stopping and starting their instances and wants to prevent the data loss from happening again. The solution should minimize performance impact and the number of code changes required.What should the Solutions Architect recommend? A. Store the application data in Amazon S3 B. Store the application data in an EBS volume C. Store the application data in Amazon ElastiCache D. Store the application data in Amazon DynamoDB

B

In EC2, what happens to the data in an instance store if an instance reboots (either intentionally or unintentionally)? A . Data is deleted from the instance store for security reasons. B . Data persists in the instance store. C . Data is partially present in the instance store. D . Data in the instance store will be lost.

B. The data in an instance store persists only during the lifetime of its associated instance. If an instance reboots (intentionally or unintentionally), data in the instance store persists.However, data on instance store volumes is lost under the following circumstance:Failure of an underlying drive;Stopping an Amazon EBS-backed instance;Terminating an instance

Amazon rds provides a facility to modify the back-up retention policy for automated backups, with a value of 0indicating for no backup retention.What is the maximum retention period allowed in days? A.45 B.35 C.15 D.10

B. Between 1 and 35 days

An e-commerce application is hosted in AWS. The last time a new product was launched, the application experienced a performance issue due to an enormous spike in traffic. Management decided that capacity must be doubled the week after the product is launched.Which is the MOST efficient way for management to ensure that capacity requirements are met? A. Add a Step Scaling policy. B. Add a Dynamic Scaling policy. C. Add a Scheduled Scaling action. D. Add Amazon EC2 Spot Instances.

B. Dynamic Scaling Policy

A Solutions Architect is building a WordPress-based web application hosted on AWS using Amazon EC2. This application serves as a blog for an international internet security company. The application must be geographically redundant and scalable. It must separate the public Amazon EC2 web servers from the private Amazon RDS database, it must be highly available, and it must support dynamic port routing. Which combination of AWS services or capabilities will meet these requirements? A.)AWS Auto Scaling with a Classic Load Balancer, and AWS CloudTrail B.)Amazon Route 53, Auto Scaling with an Application Load Balancer, and Amazon CloudFront C.)A VPC, a NAT gateway and Auto Scaling with a Network Load Balancer D.)CloudFront, Route 53, and Auto Scaling with a Classic Load Balancer

B.)Amazon Route 53, Auto Scaling with an Application Load Balancer, and Amazon CloudFront

Register a target in the Elastic Load Balancer target group:

Based off of EC2 instance names specify its target type. This determines gow you specify targets.

Magnetic EBS Volume

Cheapest Option!!!! Older and generally not used much Saving money and infrequently accessed data Access minimal and cost is minimal Without high performance needs

Route traffic to

CloudFront ELB RDS EC2 Elastic Beanstalk RDS S3 Workmail

You are a photo hosting service and publish every month a master pack of beautiful mountains images, that are over 15 GB in size and downloaded from all around the world. The content is currently hosted on EFS and distributed by ELB and EC2 instances. You are experiencing high load each month and very high network costs. What can you recommend that won't force an application refactor and reduce network costs and EC2 load dramatically?

CloudFront Distribution because CloudFront can be used in front of an ELB ELB Caching does not exist

Logging and monitoring AWS Route 53 Service

CloudWatch VPC Flow Logs CloudTrail

A company is designing a failover strategy in Amazon Route 53 for its resources between two AWS Regions. The company must have the ability to route a user's traffic to the region with least latency, and if both regions are healthy, Route 53 should route traffic to resources in both regions. Which strategy should the Solutions Architect recommend? Configure active-active failover using Route 53 latency DNS records. Configure active-passive failover using Route 53 latency DNS records. Configure active-active failover using Route 53 failover DNS records. Configure active-passive failover using Route 53 failover DNS records.Configure active-active failover using Route 53 latency DNS records.

Configure active-active failover using Route 53 latency DNS records.

Configure read replicas across all AZ opposed to configuring them in the same region as your primary database source Because you want to:

Configuring read replicas throughout all the regions would give the best response time on reads for customers spread across those same regions, global customer base. While providing multiple regions does provide disaster recovery , read replicas are not an effective disaster recovery approach. They are focused on performance. Read Replicas do not increase network throughput instead they just spread loads out over the replicas which may or may not desaturate the networks involved.

General Purpose Iops

Consistent used over throughput but it is more expensive for databases Saving structured data account cost effectiveness SLA for Iops Lowest latency You want a blend of performant SSD and cost-sensitive SSD volume Least expensive SSD (compared to provisioned iOps) Low Latency performance and it is bootable Big Data max/io, provides higher levels of aggregate throughput and operations per second with a tradeoff of a slightly higher latencies. Disk I/O Low, small spikes

A customer has an application that is used by enterprise customers outside of AWS. Some of these customers use legacy firewalls that cannot whitelist by DNS name, but whitelist based only on IP address. The application is currently deployed in two Availability Zones, with one EC2 instance in each that has Elastic IP addresses. The customer wants to whitelist only two IP addresses, but the two existing EC2 instances cannot sustain the amount of traffic. What can a Solutions Architect do to support the customer and allow for more capacity? (Choose two.) Create a Network Load Balancer with an interface in each subnet, and assign a static IP address to each subnet. Create additional EC2 instances and put them on standby. Remap an Elastic IP address to a standby instance in the event of a failure. Use Amazon Route 53 with a weighted, round-robin routing policy across the Elastic IP addresses to resolve one at a time. Add additional EC2 instances with Elastic IP addresses, and register them with Amazon Route 53 Switch the two existing EC2 instances for an Auto Scaling group, and register them with the Network Load Balancer.

Create a Network Load Balancer with an interface in each subnet, and assign a static IP address to each subnet. Switch the two existing EC2 instances for an Auto Scaling group and register Them with the Network Load Balancer

A customer has an application that is used by enterprise customers outside of AWS. Some of these customers use legacy firewalls that cannot whitelist by DNS name, but whitelist based only on IP address. The application is currently deployed in two Availability Zones, with one EC2 instance in each that has Elastic IP addresses. The customer wants to whitelist only two IP addresses, but the two existing EC2 instances cannot sustain the amount of traffic. What can a Solutions Architect do to support the customer and allow for more capacity? (Choose two.) Create a Network Load Balancer with an interface in each subnet, and assign a static IP address to each subnet. Create additional EC2 instances and put them on standby. Remap an Elastic IP address to a standby instance in the event of a failure. Use Amazon Route 53 with a weighted, round-robin routing policy across the Elastic IP addresses to resolve one at a time. Add additional EC2 instances with Elastic IP addresses, and register them with Amazon Route 53 Switch the two existing EC2 instances for an Auto Scaling group, and register them with the Network Load Balancer.

Create a Network Load Balancer with an interface in each subnet, and assign a static IP address to each subnet. Switch the two existing EC2 instances for an Auto Scaling group, and register them with the Network Load Balancer.

A call center application consists of a three-tier application using Auto Scaling groups to automatically scale resources as needed. Users report that every morning at 9:00 AM the system becomes very slow for about 15 minutes. A Solutions Architect determines that a large percentage of the call center staff starts work at 9:00 AM, so Auto Scaling does not have enough time to scale out to meet demand. How can the Architect fix the problem? Change the Auto Scaling group scale out event to scale based on network utilization. Create an Autoscaling scheduled action to scale out the necessary resources at 8:30 AM every morning. Use Reserved Instances to ensure the system has reserved the right amount of capacity for the scale-up events. Permanently keep a steady state of instances that is needed at 9:00 AM to guarantee available resources, but leverage Spot Instances.

Create an Autoscaling scheduled action to scale out the necessary resources at 8:30 AM every morning. Autoscaling scheduled action choose the min, max and desired.

A Company is launching a static website using the zone apex (mycompany.com). The company wants to use Amazon Route 53 for DNS. Which steps should the company perform to implement a scalable and cost-effective solution? (Select TWO) A. Host the website on an Amazon EC2 instance with ELB and Auto scaling, and map a Route 53 alias record to the ELB endpoint. B. Host the website using AWS Elastic Beanstalk, and map a Route 53 alias record to the Beanstalk stack. C. Host the website on an Amazon EC2 instance, and map a Route 53 alias record to the public IP address of the Amazon EC2 instance. D. Serve the website from an Amazon S3 bucket, and map a Route 53 alias record to the website endpoint. E. Create a Route 53 hosted zone, and set the NS records of the domain to use Route 53 name servers.

D. Serve the website from an Amazon S3 bucket, and map a Route 53 alias record to the website endpoint. DNS System 53 because it's the port DNS runs on E. Create a Route 53 hosted zone, and set the NS records of the domain to use Route 53 name servers.

Which of the following will NOT help make our application tier stateless? Offload Data in RDS Store the Session in ElastiCache Send Session Data through cookies Store shared data on EBS Volumes

EBS volumes are created for a specific AZ and can only be attached to one EC2 instance at a time. A single EBS Volume can only be attached to one instance at a time. This will not help make our application stateless

Elasticache offers performance improvements for gaming, financial services and can improve any application's performance when used properly. Ideal for high performance and real time processing as well as heavy-duty business intelligence. Does not have to do with off line transactions where speed is less essential and it is not suitable for long term or record storage

Elasticache Stores transient data not a persistent storage but great at caching data from a database or message broker! Not used for a Web Server Caching data from a message que and very fast ephemeral storage! Elasticache needs to be frequently in order for files to be accessed enough for caching to kick in and be effective. When data is accessed infrequently caching solutions such as CloudFront and Elasticache won't work

The application load balancer can route to different target groups based on all these except...

Geography

EBS boot-volume:

HDD types are not available to use as boot volumes So it is Provisioned iOps and General SSD

How many EBS Volumes can a single EC2 instance attach?

Instances can have up to 28 attachments. One of those attachments is the network interface attachment, leaving 27 attachments available for EBS Volumes. An instance can attach to a root volume and several more volumes (more than two). Instances cannot have unlimited attachments.

Can you use an elastic load balancer to balance load within a VPC?

It is possible can be pointed internal instead of Internet Facing, distribute traffic to the private IP's of the VPC. Set the ELB to be internal to the VPC.

The design should be able to handle these volumes, with the ability to handle higher volumes if necessary. How should the Architect design the architecture to ensure the web tier is cost-optimized and can handle the expect traffic? (Select TWO) Launch Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an ELB Store all static files in a multi-AZ Amazon Aurora database Create an Cloudfront distribution pointing to static content in Amazon S3 Use Amazon Route 53 to route traffic to the correct region Use Amazon S3 multipart uploads to improve upload times

Launch Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group behind an ELB Use Amazon Route 53 to route traffic to the correct region

Integrate the RDS database with Elastic Beanstalk design environment for blue/green deployment and decouple architecture in the production environment:

Launch RDS instance outside Beanstalk environment storing connection string in the S3 bucket. Use outside environment need somewhere to store the connection string in S3

Valid Scaling Options For Auto Scaling Groups

Maintain current Instance Levels: You can ensure that a specific number of instances is running all the time. Choose to maintain current instance levels at all times. Ensuring that no instances are added unless an instance fails its health checks and needs to be restarted or replaced. Manual Scaling: Control scaling yourself, within a specific maximum and minimum number of instances. As well as desired capacity. Auto Scaling policy then handles maintaining that capacity. Schedule- Based Scaling: Add and remove instances at a certain time of day when usage is regularly high. Specify a time to scale up. Demand-Based Scaling: Allows you to specify parameters to control scaling. One of those parameters is CPU utilization. Maximum CPU utilization as well as scaling conditions.

There is no difference in response to a change in the backup window based on how that window is changed. (API, console, etc.) All changes take place immediately.

Make changes to the backup window used by the RDS Instance immediately.

Elastic Transcoder

Media File manipulation. Playback devices. S3 into the pipeline. S3 to transcoding into S3 Bucket

Can I delete a snapshot of an EBS Volume that is used as the root device of a registered AMI?

No!

Cost of data transfer from replicating RDS instance to Secondary instance?

None No charge of data replication

Do you need translation software for IPv4 to IPv6 on S3

Nope! It can do IPv6 out of the box.

You are running at desired capacity of 3 and the maximum capacity of 3. You have alarms set at 60% CPU to scale out your application. Your application is now running at 80% capacity. What will happen?

Nothing The capacity of your ASG cannot go over the maximum capacity you have allocated during scale out events

AWS does not support circular read replication through RDS can not configure a database instance to be both a read replica and a primary database instance for the original instance. While some of the databases supported by RDS does, RDS itself does not provide this functionality.

One Database reads from a second database but then is replicated back by that second database. Database instance can be a read replica of one database and the source instance for another read replica as long as the source and the replicant database are not the same instance. Possible for one database to replicate another database and then be the source for a third database.

A Solutions Architect is creating a multi-tiered architecture for an application that includes a public facing web tier. Security requirements state that the Amazon EC2 instances running in the application tier must not be accessible directly from the internet. What should be done to accomplish this? Create a multi-VPC peering mesh with network access rules limiting communications to specific ports. Implement an internet gateway on each VPC for external connectivity. Place all instances in a single Amazon VPC with AWS WAF as the web front-end communication conduit. Configure a NAT gateway for external communications. Use VPC peering to peer with on-premises hardware. Direct enterprise traffic through the VPC peer connection to the instances hosted in the private VPC. Deploy the web and application instances in a private subnet. Provision an Application Load Balancer in the public subnet. Install an internet gateway and use security groups to control communications between the layers.

Provision an Application Load Balancer in the public subnet. Install an internet gateway and use security groups to control communications between the layers.

An application uses a MySQL database running on an Amazon EC2 instance. The application generates high I/O and constant writes to a single table on the database. Which Amazon EBS volume type will provide the MOST consistent performance and low latency?

Provisioned IOPs--Increase storage

Longest backup retention window that RDS allows?

RDS maximum backup retention period is 35 days Automated Snapshots automatically deleted in 35 days (maximum) Need to delete Manual snapshots instead of Automated Snapshots.

When read replicas want to read across all AZ in a single region rather than across all AWS Regions:

Read Replicas are about providing faster read access to clients, providing read replicas in the same region as the clients gives them the fastest access. You have a localized customer base close to the target option.

Provisioned Iops

Read/Write intensive consistent performance, long-term persistance, resolve iOps fluctuation improve performance Database performance reduce wait times persistent storage Large Databases Workloads Highest performance but at a higher cost!! High load high performance NoSQL/ non RDS Get quickly Low latency High I/O Fast Storage Higher throughput than magnetic EBS Volume 16,000 iOps fits under provisioned iOps 16TB All of the major databases supported by RDS: MariaDB, SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, and PostgreSQL allows up to 16 TB of storage for a provisioned IOPS

An organization has a 3-tier architecture. It uses an Apache web server and an application is running on the Docker platform with Amazon RDS on the backend. The organization wants to migrate the application to AWS and does not want to be responsible for deployment, scalability or capacity provisioning of its resources. Which service should be used to meet these requirements? AWS OpWorks Amazon EC2 Elastic Container Service AWS Elastic Beanstalk AWS CloudFormation

Route 53 has health checks

Legacy applications currently send messages through a single Amazon EC2 instance, which then routes the messages to the appropriate destinations. TheAmazon EC2 instance is a bottleneck and single point of failure, so the company would like to address these issues.Which services could address this architectural use case? (Choose two.) A. Amazon SNS B. AWS STS C. Amazon SQS D. Amazon Route 53 E. AWS Glue

SNS/SQS

A company is launching a dynamic website, and the Operations team expects up to 10 times the traffic on the launch date. This website is hosted on Amazon EC2 instances and traffic is distributed by Amazon Route 53. A Solutions Architect must ensure that there is enough backend capacity to meet user demands. The Operations team wants to scale down as quickly as possible after the launch. What is the MOST cost-effective and fault-tolerant solution that will meet the company's customer demands? (Choose two.) Set up an Application Load Balancer to distribute traffic to multiple EC2 instances Set up an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones for the website, and create scaleout and scale-in policies Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to send an email through Amazon SNS when EC2 instances experience higher loads Create an AWS Lambda function to monitor website load time, run it every 5 minutes, and use the AWS SDK to create a new instance if website load time is longer than 2 seconds Use Amazon CloudFront to cache the website content during launch and set a TTL for cache content to expire after the launch date

Set up an Application Load Balancer to distribute traffic to multiple EC2 instances Use Amazon CloudFront to cache the website content during launch and set a TTL for cache content to expire after the launch date

Route 53 Valid Routing Policies (DNS)

Simple Routing: Sending all traffic to a single resource, such as a web server. You can have multiple primary resources in a simple routing policy. Allows single and multiple resources for both the primary and the secondary resources. Multiple primary resources and multiple secondary resources. Failover Routing: Used to send traffic to a single resource but then to failover routing to a secondary resource if the first is shown as unhealthy. Does health checks. Geolocation Routing: Goes back and forth depending on geography routed to certain place, You have a legal requirement that people in any country but France should not be able to access your website. You ensure that only users who access our website through Canada are authorized in CloudFront. Uses the location of a user's DNS query to determine which route to use. Based on the user's geographic location. Geoproximity Routing: High CPU utilization. Elasticache should reduce the load on the RDS instance and CloudFront caches responses in a way that should serve EU users more quickly. Both Elasticache and CloudFront used to improve performance. Latency-Based Routing: You want your users to get the best possible user experience and that means minimizing the response time from your servers to your users. LHigh Catency will evaluate the latency results and help your users get a DNS response that will minimize their latency (e.g. response time), Latency lowered minimize the effects of long running API calls by SQS queue offload and decouple long running requests. Make requests faster!! API takes long time to complete use SQS. Chooses a route for the user based on the latency of the available region to which traffic is irected. Multivalue Answer Routing: Multivalue answer routing lets you configure Amazon Route 53 to return multiple values, such as IP addresses for your web servers, in response to DNS queries. Route 53 responds to DNS queries with up to eight healthy records and gives different answers to different DNS resolvers. The choice of which to use is left to the requesting service effectively creating a form or randomization. Your company hosts 10 web servers all serving the same web content in AWS. They want Route 53 to serve traffic to random web servers. Can direct traffic to multiple resources as long as those resources are healthy. Multiple Resources directed traffic if healthy. Random! The company requires that the IP addresses of all healthy EC2 instances be returned in response to DNS queries. Weighted Routing: Sends to percentages proportionately. You have deployed a new Elastic Beanstalk environment and would like to direct 5% of your production traffic to this new environment, in order to monitor for CloudWatch metrics and ensuring no bugs exist. Weighted allows you to redirect a part of the traffic based on a weight (hence a percentage). It's common to use to send a part of a traffic to a new application you're deploying. Assigned weights to shape traffic to different resources. Weights are simple integers that can be summed to determine an overall weight and the fractional weights of each resource to which traffic is directed. 1, 255, 125 are all valid weights. A weight of 0 means that the resource is removed from a service in a weighted routing policy. The numerical weights are added up and each resource's weight is divided by the sum of all the weights. If all weights of 100 then they have 25% of traffic distributed to each resource Do Honor Health Checks, weight numbers do not affect health checks. Blue-Green deployment

If you are using a non-transactional engine such as My ISAM, which of the following steps need to be performed to successfully set up your Read Replica so it has a consistent copy of your data?

Stop all DML and DDL operations on non-transactional tables and wait for them to complete Flush and lock those tables Create the Read Replica using the Create DB instance Read Replica API, AWS Console and the CLI can create the Read Replicas. Check the progress of the Replica creation using the describe DB instances API

HDD-Backed Volumes

Streaming workloads where throughput needed to be maximized over IOPS

A client has requested a design for a fault tolerant database that can failover between AZs. You have decided to use RDS in a multi-AZ configuration. What type of replication will the primary database use to replicate to the standby instance?

Synchronous replication

Your Application Load Balancer (ALB) currently is routing to two target groups, each of them is routed to based on hostname rules. You have been tasked with enabling HTTPS traffic for each hostname and have loaded the certificates onto the ALB. Which ALB feature will help it choose the right certificate for your clients?

Target Tracking adjusts to the changes in the metric due to a changing load pattern Target tracking triggers at a lower CPU threshold scaling will happen before the CPU utilization gets to a point where performance is affected. Resolving the performance issues while minimizing costs. Using a reduced cooldown period will also more quickly terminate unneeded instances further reducing costs. Easier to not have a scheduled action.

Application Load Balancers Supports:

The only one to support HTTP/2 The only one to Register target groups You want your applications to automatically scale You want to balance load across your applications, resides in containers You want to achieve better fault tolerance for your applications. Offers the most flexibility in routing and load distribution

A Solution Architect is designing a solution for a media company that will stream large amounts of data from an Amazon EC2 instance. The data streams are typically large and sequential, and must be able to support up to 500MB/s. Which storage type will meet the performance requirements of this application?

Throughput

A Solutions Architect is designing the disk configuration for an Amazon EC2 instance. The instance needs to support a MapReduce process that requires high throughput for a large dataset with large I/O sizes.Which Amazon EBS volume is the MOST cost-effective solution for these requirements?

Throughput EBS Consistent speed transfer Process Logs Video Streaming

A Solutions Architect is designing a log-processing solution that requires storage that supports up to 500 MB/s throughput. The data is sequentially accessed by an Amazon EC2 instance.Which Amazon storage type satisfies these requirements? A. EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1) B. EBS General Purpose SSD (gp2) C. EBS Throughput Optimized HDD (st1) D. EBS Cold HDD (sc1)

Throughput Optimized: Logging Streaming Big Data high sequential I/O

SSD-backed volumes:

Transactional Workloads with a large number of small I/O sized read and write operations

A company is storing data in an Amazon DynamoDB table and needs to take daily backups and retain them for 6 months. How should the Solutions Architect meet these requirements without impacting the production workload? Use DynamoDB replication and restore the table from the replica Use AWS Data Pipeline and create a scheduled job to back up the DynamoDB table daily Use Amazon CloudWatch Events to trigger an AWS Lambda function that makes an on-demand backup of the table Use AWS Batch to create a scheduled backup with the default template, then back up to Amazon S3 daily. running large numbers of batch computing jobs on AWS dynamically provisions the EC2 instances. Minimize operational overhead. Reduce Costs and operate third party commercial or open source batch processing

Use Amazon CloudWatch Events to trigger an AWS Lambda function that makes an on-demand backup of the table

A company's security team requires that all data stored in the cloud be encrypted at rest at all times using encryption keys stored on-premises. Which encryption options meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

Use Server-Side Encryption with Customer Provided Keys (SSE-C) / Use client-side encryption to provide at-rest encryption. Use a NLB with a TCP listener then terminate the SSL on EC2 instances. NLB only with the TCP listener. Use an ALB within an HTTPS listener, then install SSL certificates on the ALB and the EC2 instances. HTTPS listener only with ALB ALB not cost effective

to specify that an Amazon EC2 instance should stop rather than terminate when its spot instance is interrupted

Use Spot Instances when planning to use EMR service in AWS to run its big data framework and minimize the cost of running the EMR Service

Same queries being fired against the database, alleviate the performance issue

Use the Elasticache service reduces the latency of requests as it is a caching service. See queries over and over

How many domain names can you have with route 53?

With Route 53, there is a default limit of 50 domain names. However, this limit can be increased by contacting AWS support.

With new RDS DB instances, automated backups are enabled by default?

YES!

Cold HDD

lowest cost option Database with EC2 instance requires block storage Infrequent accessed with small peaks in morning and night Sequential Data Access Not a solid State and not used for data warehousing and not available to be used as a boot volume!