Drugs and Behavior Test 2
"Among those who try a cigarette, what percentage will become daily habitual smokers?"
25%
What is the half-life of caffeine?
3 to 7 hours
"Why is it dangerous to combine an opioid with a downer like alcohol, barbiturates, or benzodiazepines?
Because the combination of depressants increases the potential for respiratory depression, overdose, and death."
Which of the following statements best describes the effects that depressants have on the body due to its effects on the central nervous system?
Depressants decrease rate of breathing and heart rate
"Z-hypnotics like Sonata, Ambien, and Imovane, are short-acting, but they are thought to have a higher risk of addiction the most benzodiazepines. T or F
False
Methamphetamine and cocaine are the most widely used stimulant drugs in the world. T or F
False
Most sedative-hypnotics are from natural sources T or F
False
Per standard dose, the effects of cocaine last longer than the effects of methamphetamine. T or F
False
The "stop" switch in the brain, which tells your mind and body that it has had enough and functions to turn off the brain's "go switch", is located in the brain stem. T or F
False
The further cocaine gets from its original production source, the more pure it becomes. T or F
False
The high from cocaine normally lasts four to six hours. T or F
False
The majority of heroin available in the United States comes from Afghanistan. T or F
False
Tolerance of stimulant drugs is caused by the brain's creation of more dopamine and more dopamine receptors, which increases the drug's rewarding effects. T or F
False
Which of the following is not a plant-based stimulant?
Mephedrone
The illicit manufacture and distribution of methamphetamine in the United States today is due to the involvement of...
Mexican gangs and drug cartels
"Of 1,033 new drugs approved by the FDA between 1989 and 2000, what percentage showed no significant clinical improvement over older and cheaper drugs already in use?"
More than 50%
Which of the following drugs is an opioid antagonist that may be used to prevent an opioid overdose?
Naloxone
Which of the following drugs is in an opioid antagonist that may be used to prevent an opioid overdose?
Naloxone
Continued smoking to avoid the negative effects of nicotine withdrawal is known as...
Negative drug reinforcement
Cocaine epidemics...
Occur in cycles every few generations
Hyperalgesia is a temporary increase in the sensitivity to _______ that is experienced during the long-term use of opiates/opioids used to treat pain.
Painful stimuli
Consuming alcohol when using cocaine results in which of the following?
Prolonging the effects of cocaine
QUIZ 3A
QUIZ 3A
QUIZ 3B
QUIZ 3B
QUIZ 4A
QUIZ 4A
QUIZ 4B
QUIZ 4B
Which form and method of using cocaine produces the most intense immediate high?
Smoking crack cocaine
The synergistic effect of drugs refers to...
The combination of two or more depressant drugs, which magnifies their effect on the CNS
Medical use of cocaine relies on its effects as a(n)...
Topical anesthetic
"Methcathione is manufactured by street chemists using ephedrine and pseudo ephedrine, the same precursors used to manufacture methamphetamine." T or F
True
"Opiates limit the release of and block receptors for substance P, which is the name of the neurotransmitter that transmits pain message from nerve cell to nerve cell." T or F
True
"When a person who has developed tolerance to caffeine subsequently withdraws from the caffeine, it results in physical pain, extreme fatigue, and depression." T or F
True
"When smoking cessation is part of a drug treatment program, the chances of recovery from alcohol and other drug addiction greatly increase." T or F
True
Acute withdrawal from heroin is not as life-threatening as acute withdrawal from alcohol or sedative-hypnotics. T or F
True
Benzodiazepines sedative-hypnotics generally have a higher margin of overdose safety than other drugs in this depressant category.
True
Death from depressants (e.g. opioids) overdose usually involves severe respiratory depression. T or F
True
Drugs work by influencing existing neurotransmitters, existing neurological pathways, and receptor sites in the central nervous system, including the addiction pathway. T or F
True
Heavy prolonged use of stimulants can induce a schizophrenic-like psychosis. T or D
True
Heroin was first developed to be a non-addictive medical alternative to morphine. T or F
True
Human beings have naturally occurring (endogenous) opioids, which cause many of the same effects as those caused by taking opioids drugs (exogenous opioids). T or F
True
Methamphetamine use is associated with increased rates of HIV infection in some communities. T or F
True
Stimulant drugs including cocaine and methamphetamine force the release of dopamine. This surge of dopamine causes paranoia and hyper-activity. T or F
True
The effects of amphetamines last longer than the effects of cocaine because amphetamines can block enzymes from metabolizing neurotransmitters, which creates a continued overstimulation. T or F
True
The high occurrence of ADHD among adolescents in treatment for substance abuse disorders is in part attributed to their use of drugs to self-medicate ADHD symptoms. T or F
True
Which of the following best describes one of the health benefits of quitting smoking?
With just 20 minutes of quitting, blood pressure, pulse rate, and temperature of hands and feet drop to normal.
For treating ADHD, the most common alternative therapies to prescription medications for treating ADHD are...
Dietary changes and nutritional supplements
Nociceptive means pain caused by...
External stimuli of pain receptors
Addiction to and withdrawal from benzodiazepines is not generally severe. T or F
False
An individual who is under the influence of heroin will have dilated pupils T or F
False
Chewing khat produces an immediate and intense high T or F
False
Depressants affect the central nervous system by elevating the user's blood pressure, pulse, heart rate, and respiration. T or F
False
Formication, the imaginary sensation that hundreds of tiny bugs (e.g., coke bugs, meth bugs, and snow bugs) are crawling under one's skin, is caused by the visual hallucinogenic effects of stimulants. T or F
False
Which of the following best describes how the first cigarette of the day affects a smoker?
Increases blood pressure and heart rate
Which of the following is true about the purity of heroin at the retail level?
It varies from 10% to 70%
Which of the following statements about opioids is true?
There is almost no limit to the level of opioid tolerance a human can develop
On which part of the body does long-term use of stimulants (e.g., nicotine, cocaine, and methamphetamine) have the most significant impact?
Cardiovascular system
Tolerance to one type of depressant, such as alcohol, can lead to the development of cross-tolerance for another depressant, such as benzodiazepines. T or F
True
For how long does the high from amphetamine generally last?
4 to 6 hours
Heroin and morphine are considered long-acting opioids. T or F
False
How long will the high from smoking a typical dose of crack cocaine (1 rock) generally last?
5 to 20 minutes
Which of the following correctly lists the three major classes of depressants?
Alcohol, opiates, sedative-hypnotics.
"Stimulant drugs chemically dissimilar but pharmacologically related to amphetamines, producing many of the same effects but not as strong are called ______.
Amphetamine congeners
Which of the following is not a street name for methcathinone?
Betel nut
Of the following semi-synthetic/synthetic opiate drugs, which is not a correct match with the grade pharmaceutical name listed after it?"
Diacetylmorphine | Suboxone.
"Drug use in the gay community is unrelated to prejudice, homophobia, and fear of coming out and being oneself, so prevention and treatment do not need to address these issues." T or F
False
How long can withdrawal symptoms following detoxification and abstinence from long-acting opioids such as methadone persist?
For 14 days or more after detoxification.
"According to researchers, a person who smokes cigarettes is 22 times more likely to use cocaine than a nonsmoker." T or F
True
"Allodynia is a painful response to a normally pain-free stimulus, often as a result of long-term opiate/opioid use." T or F
True
"Historically, most drug laws were made for political rather than medical considerations." T or F
True
Most heroin abusers began by abusing prescription opioids. T or F
True
Of all the stimulants, the strongest physical and mental dependency develops from nicotine in tobacco. T or F
True
Overdose deaths involving opioids most commonly include their combined use with other legal or illicit substances like alcohol, benzodiazepines, or antidepressants. T or F
True
Research shows that boys under age 18 with ADHD who are treated with stimulants (Adderall and Ritalin) are much less likely to abuse drugs and alcohol when they get older. T or F
True
Research shows that boys under age 18 with ADHD who are treated with stimulants (Adderall and Ritalin) are much less likely to abuse drugs and alcohol when they get older. T or F
True
The sense of relaxation and well-being that smokers receive from a cigarette is actually the sensation of the withdrawal symptoms being subdued. T or F
True
Using a needle continuously to object drugs in the same blood vessels traumatizes them, causing them to become unusable for injection. T or F
True