DTR Exam Questions

Which nutrients are deficient? 1. Ascorbic acid and calcium Which nutrients are needed to be added to the breakfast menu? 2. Cheese toast and orange juice

2 part question- A 17-year old typical daily intake is: Breakfast: Carbonated beverage Lunch: Hamburger with bun and french fries, iced tea Snack: peanut butter cookies and milk. Dinner: meat loaf, rice, gravy, green beans, roll w margarine, milk.

960 servings. You can get a total of 12 scoops of the #12 scoop to equal a quart. Since 4 quart=1 gallon: 1 qt x 4=48= 1 gallon. 48 x20 gallons= 960 # 12 servings needed

20 gallons of sugar free vanilla pudding using a 12 scoop. How many servings does this provide?

Salmonella

25 people report nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramping 24 hours after eating a chix salad. The source?

6 servings of fruit and 3 servings of vegetables

4oz orange juice, 1 medium banana, 1 apple, 1/2 c fruit cocktail, 8 oz pineapple juice, 1 c shredded lettuce, 1 c mashed potatoes. How many servings of the food guide pyramid were consumed?

6 cans. 5 lbs=80 oz 470/80=5.8=6 cans

A 2 oz portion of refried beans is used in a veggie burrito. How many #10 cans should be ordered if making 235 burritos and each can weighs 5 lbs?

Fruit

A 35 year old, moderately active man consumes the following foods daily 5 oz meat 6 grain 1 dairy 3 fruit The man is consuming adequate amounts of?

20 lb, 5 lb soy cheese blocks. 4oz/serving x 400 omelet's = 1600/80 oz total needed

A 4 oz serving of soy cheese is used in 1 omelet. How many 5 lb blocks of cheese do you need to make 400 omelets?

Pre-albumin

A client has just begun to eat after days without significant amounts of food. Which laboratory tests would be expected to respond quickly to changes in energy and protein intakes?

56 g

A healthy man who's weight is 154# and is within the standard weight for height on the chart. What is his recommended protein input?

Clinical, biochemical and anthropometric measurements, and dietary evaluation

A nutrition assessment includes which of the following:

Low fat, low fiber, no caffeine, lactose free

A patient has an HIV-related gastrointestinal tract infection. To manage diarrhea, the RD/DTR would recommend which of the following types of diet modifications?

Potassium

A patient receiving Lasix would most likely benefit from an increased intake of:

Check patient's weight frequently

A patient reports not being hungry at meal time. The RD/DTR should:

Protein

A patient with cancer is experiencing steady weight loss should be evaluated for levels of calories and:

Low sodium diet

A pt being treated with prednisone should be advised to follow:

1/4 tsp

A pt on a 2-g (2,000mg) sodium diet states he must salt his food. The patient's daily Na intake from food sources averages nearly 1500mg. How much salt could he be allowed for seasoning?

Decreased protein

A pt with an increased BUN and increased SERUM creatinine. The pt is dx with acute renal failure but does not need dialysis. The pt's nutrition care plan would include a diet with:

Diet education

An RD/DTR has just completed a nutrition assessment. Next,

A large # of meals can be distributed in a short period of time

An advantage of a centralized foodservice delivery system is that

Skin breakdown

An elderly nursing home patient with a low albumin level would be at risk for:

Milk, beef, fish, poultry. Eating foods high in protein-such as cheese, peanut butter, chicken, beef and fish. Low albumin levels indicate pressure ulcers, and that means over-hydration, therefor protein is needed.

An elderly patient has a stage II decubiti pressure ulcer on her buttock. She should increase intake of:

Dry mouth

An individual beginning to take insulin is at risk for experiencing:

440 kcal

Approximately how many calories are in the following meal?

246g

Based on the exchange list, how many grams of CHO is in the following: Milk 3, Meat 5, Bread 9, Fruit 4, Vegetable 3, Fat 4

Thiamin

Beri Beri is caused by a lack of

Transferrin

Biochemical Lab Data: What lab value responds to both PEM and Iron status?

Remove the turkey salad from the service line Better safe than sorry. FS manager might be busy and quick action is needed. Understand you are not throwing it out just bc a customer makes a comment about it, your just removing it (possibly temporarily) just to make sure the kitchen is not serving rancid food.

Cafeteria customer comments that the turkey salad tastes rancid. The dietitian should first:

116%

Calculate % IBW: Current weight: 139#, IBW 120#

The fat exchange

Client with diabetes drinks an alcoholic beverage. The caloric equivalent of the beverage should be subtracted from:

Protein-energy malnutrition

Clinical evaluation (a picture is worth a thousand words): Edema is a possible sign of:

Pressure ulcers (over-hydration)

Decreased albumin levels indicates:

3 meat, 2 bread, 1 fat

Determine the number of exchanges found per serving in the following recipe (recipe yields 4 servings) 8oz chopped chix breast 4 oz shredded cheese 4 c cooked rotini pasta 1/4 c sour cream

Type 1. Ketones in the breath, blood and urine. Ketones are produced for energy. Potentially life-threatening complication in patients with diabetes mellitus. Most commonly it occurs in Type 1 diabetics, but it can occur in those w Type 2 diabetes under certain circumstances. Diabetic acidosis (DKA) results from a shortage of insulin, in response the body switches to burning fatty acids and producing acidic ketone bodies that cause most of the symptoms and complications.

Diabetic Acidosis is found in which type of diabetes?

Post a list of interchangeable fruits and juices

Dietary aides substituted a 1/2 C tomato or grape juice for an orange or a grape fruit half. The RD should:

Calorie count

Direct observation is used to generate an estimate of the patient's food intake:

3 lean meats, 2 CHO and 1 veg

Find out how many exchanges are in the following meal: 3 oz baked fish 1/2 c green beans 1 medium baked potato 1 c skim milk

1450; 90 lbs

Find the cost/servable pound AND the amount needed to purchase. 109# Prime Rib. AP (as purchased) price: 3.75/lb. Yield %: 55.0 EP needed-100:8oz unfactored portions

Acid foods

Following chemotherapy, patients with mucositis should avoid:

Fresh fruits

From the list choose the richest source of potassium:

8. 4 oz= 1/2 C. If a 1/2 C is considered a serving, then a #10 can =25 servings. A #10 can provides 25-(4oz) servings per can. 1/2 200 divided by 25=8

How many #10 cans of green beans must be bought to serve 200 1/2 C portions?

133 lbs. 100-15%=85% 3/.85=3.53 3.53 X 600 = 2118/16=133

How many lbs of pork roast (with a 15% shrinkage factor) should be bought to serve 600 portions that each weigh 3 oz?

2970 kcal. Dextrose: 50 g dextrose/100ml= x grams dextrose/1500ml= 750g dextrose. Or simply, 1500 x 0.7= 105g AA. Total kcal: simply multiply by kcal/gram. 750g dextrose x 3.4 kcal/g= 2550 kcal. 105g AA x 4.0 kcal/g= 420. 2970 kcal total

How to calculate the nutrient content of IV solutions: Suppose a person is receiving 1500ml of 50% dextrose and 1500ml of 7% AA solution. For dextrose, the person would get (in calories, NOT grams):

$2.50

If the raw food cost for tuna salad is $1.00, the selling price, with a 40% raw food cost objective(expected), would be:

Serving all the clients within reasonable time span (where food production is located far away from clients). Although centralized tray assembly is usually faster, decentralized is efficient as well( at least in this scenario). In decentralized assembly, there is less time lapse between assembly and service of food trays which makes it quicker in that regard, but quality may be better.

In a facility where food production is located at a far distance from patients, decentralized tray assembly has the advantage of

Chilled/frozen immediately

In a ready-prepared system, foods are prepared in the hospital and then:

Quarterly

JCAHO requires nutrition documentation in the medical records of all patients in extended-care facilities at least:

Prescribing a patient's diet order

MNT includes all of the following except:

Inadequate amount of of CHO

Mr. Jones consumes a 2000kcal diet which provides 175g of CHO. This provides:

Calcium and iron

On any supermarket product box what has to be on it in regards to minerals?

Potassium

Patient has hypertension and takes a diuretic. The RD/DTR should evaluate intake of:

DRI's

Poor intake values, they can be used to plan and evaluate diets for healthy people is the:

Intake summary

RD's care plan includes weight gain or 1.5 lb/wk. An appropriate monitoring plan would include:

0.75

Recipe conversion: Original recipe yields 100 portions. You need 75 portions What's the multiplying factor?

Heart disease

Studies suggest that diets rich in carotenoids is associated with a lower risk of

3.45, 17.4, $1450, 1.45 and 1928. Assuming 8hr/day 5 days a week. 1 meal/labor hr: Labor hrs/day (7)= 200+30+60=290=1000/290=3.45. Minutes per meal. 290 hrs/day X 60 min/hr=17400. 17400/1000=17.4. Payroll cost/day= $5.00X290=1450. Payroll cost/meal served: 5.00 X 290=1450. 1450/1000= 1.45. Labor cost: 1450X .33=478.5 +1450=1928

The Hourly Rate for all employees is $5.00/hour. Total meals/day=1000. Workers: 40 full time (35 hrs/wk) 10 part time (3 hours/day) 15 part-time (4 hrs/day). The fringe benefit is 33%. Find meals/labor hours, minutes/meal, payroll costs/day, costs/meal, labor cost.

Plan a 3 day menu using MyPyramid

The RD is preparing to counsel a pregnant woman. The most important objective to enable her to improve her nutrient intake would be:

BUN

The RD should suspect dehydration when abnormal results of which studies are obtained?

96 servings. Remember that 4 quarts = 1 gallon 4x8 servings=quart=32 32x3=96 Scoop sizes are based on the # of scoops per quart. The #8 scoop equates to 8 servings per quart. Therefore the number of no.8 scoops in 1 gallon is 32 and in 3 gallons is 96.

The Standard portion for gravy is served with a No. 8 scoop. 3 gallons of the product should yield how many servings.

10-15 g, but what's the recommended amount? 20-25g

The average amount of dietary fiber stated in grams consumed by Americans is?

Baking custard too high a temperature. Curdling AKA syneresis or weeping. syneresis=synergy=volcanic=sinder (very hot)

The baked custards are routinely exhibiting syneresis which is caused by:

Pre-albumin

The best indicator of current visceral protein status is the level of:

Limit the number of items on a menu

The best way to streamline the trayline production is to

Small intestine

The chemical digestion of fat takes place

Blood pressure- Tyramine causes elevated BP. Foods containing tyramine: Beer, aged cheeses, avocado's and soy. People taking MAOI's must follow a low tyramine diet.

The combination of monoamine-oxidase and tyramine-containing foods may cause dangerous increases in a patient's

2400 mg/day

The daily value for sodium listed on food labels is how many mg?

Salivary Amylase

The enzyme that breaks up starch in the mouth:

Small meals that are low in fat. Liquids can be salty, spicy and fattening, even though it is a liquid. It's important to limit foods that weaken lower esophageal sphincter pressure or increase gastric secretion including FAT, alcohol, coffee, chocolate, etc. A diet prescription would be something like this: frequent small eals of bland low-fat foods.

The most appropriate diet plan for a person with GERD would be:

Hepatitis C

The most common cause of cirrhosis in the U.S is:

Add data from Aug and delete data from April Out with the old and in with the new

The moving average method is used to smooth the randomness of data. The dietitian averages the data from April, May, June, and July to determine the # of soy burgers needed for August. To find # of soy patties for Sept:

Very acidic

The normal pH of the stomach is?

Vitamin C is destroyed

The nutritional result of adding baking soda to cooking cabbage is that?

Job specification. Job analysis: the process of determining duties and tasks of a job which in turn becomes the job description. Skills inventory: Information on employees, education, skills and experience.

The section of a job posting that identifies the abilities, skills, traits, and attributes necessary to do the job

29lbs. 16lbs/2.25 oz = 7.1 (conversion factor) 7.1 X .87 (yield factor) = 6.17 175 servings/ 6.17= 29 lbs or this method 2.25/.87=2.58 2.58 X 175=452 452/16=29 lbs

The yield factor on green cabbage is 87%. Approximately how much cabbage is needed to prepare 175 servings of cole slaw that require 2.25 oz of cabbage oz of cabbage in each serving?

Beta carotene, ascorbic acid, thiamine and zinc. Beta carotene (vitamin A) is good for the skin. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) good for wound healing. Thiamin and zinc are good for the overall body.

To promote the healing of pressure ulcers, the RD should increase:

6 TBS + 2 tsp

Use the following information to calculate the amount of bleach needed to make a 200 ppm solution in a 5-gallon tank of water if 1 oz (2 tbsp) of bleach to 1.5 gallons of water=200ppm.

1 serving of meat, 2 servings of bread

Using the food guide pyramid, a small fast food hamburger would be

Serum folate

WIC routinely checks biochemical lab data to identify clients at nutritional risk for?

Thirst, hunger, frequent urination

What are the classic signs of a newly diagnosed insulin dependant diabetic?

Lactose undigested into the colon

What causes gas, diarrhea, bloating and cramping of lactose intolerance?

Coronary Arteries

What delivers oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle?

Bran (Insoluble fiber)

What fiber source is most effective in forming soft, bulky stools?

40%. 1200/3000=0.4 (40%)

What is the food cost %? Food costs: $1200. Sales: $3000

Quantitive nutrition guideline w hierarchical seperated zones to represent suggested percentages of the daily diet for different food groups.

What is the food guide pyramid?

ATP

What is the major energy carrier in most cells?

Limit foods high in saturated fat

What is the most effective dietary change to lower cholesterol?

$8.27. Set up proportions for each one. CS: 24lb/$10.08= 2/x=0.84 Flour: 50lb/$6.80=5/x=0.68 Crackers: $13.50/1= x/.5=6.75 Add them up: 6.75 + .84 + .68= $8.27

What is the price value of cornstarch 24/lb $10.08-2lb, crackers 1/300 $13.50-1/2 case, plain flour, 50-lb bag $6.80-5lb

TLC and Serum Albumin and 24-hour urinary creatinine levels

What lab values are most important for a pt who is protein and calorie malnourished?

Phosphorus

What mineral is least likely to be deficient in anyone?

60%

What percent of an adults body is water?

3/1

What specification for ground beef patties describes a portion size of 5 1/3 oz?

20%

When a product is labeled as an excellent source of a nutrient, it must contain at least what % of the daily value?

Pheophytin. Chlorophyll+ acid=pheophytin

When cooking green beans, you add lemon juice which turns the vegetables olive green. The chlorophyll pigment has come into contact with an acid and as a result, the pigment has chemically changed to:

Calcium

When the kidneys cannot excrete urea, what builds up in the body?

$2.42 13 cups

Which brand of canned whole corn is the best buy?

Milk

Which food decreases the efficiency of tetracycline?

Piece of lemon pie

Which food would result in the most rapid date of digestion?

Glycosylated hemoglobin A1C

Which lab value provides the best indication for long-term control with a diabetic diet?

Galactose does not appear freely in nature. When you take the disaccharide lactose and you ingest it you break it into a molecule of glucose and galactose. Galactose is produced when only when we consume lactose. Lactose creates glucose and galactose. Maltose=glucose and glucose, Sucrose= Fructose and glucose.

Which monosaccharide is found in nature only as part of a disaccharide?

Fat (9kcal/g) PRO & CHO only 4kcal/gm

Which nutrient has the greatest energy density?

Peanut butter

Which of the following does not contain cholesterol?

High saturated fat intake

Which of the following factors will likely have the most significant effect in increasing LDL's?

Roast beef and baked potato. Rice and beans make a complete protein but it is not the highest biologic value dish.

Which of the following foods would provide the highest biologic value proteins?

B12

Which of the following vitamins are naturally lacking in the vegan diet?

Animal fats Fat does not contain CHO. Glycogen=CHO. Fat has no glycogen.

Which one of the dietary components cannot be used to synthesize and store energy?

Cherry Cobbler

Which one requires the dry heat cooking method?

Work flow pattern

Which performance considers the order of tasks to prepare from food being received to the dining room?

All-purpose flour

Which type of flour is best used when preparing muffins?

Average daily intake & healthy people

Who does the dietary recommendation most apply to?

107 - 4oz It's asking for edible portion. 1. Determine yield (100-23%= 77% yield) 2. Multiply 35 lbs (AP) by 77%= 26.95 3. 26.95 x 16 oz/lb= 431.2 oz 4. 431.2/4oz=107.4 oz portions

You have purchased 35 lbs of fresh green beans with a 23% waste. How many 4oz portions will be prepared?

116 lbs. AP (amount needed) including unusable items. 100%-19%=81% yield 4oz/.81=4.938 4.938/16=0.308 x 375=116 lbs If you answered as 94 lbs, this is incorrect. This is the edible portion. 375 x 4oz=1496/16=94 lbs. This is the amount to serve after preparation.

You need to prepare 374-4 oz portions of broccoli. You note broccoli has a waste of 19%. How much broccoli do you need to purchase?

36 lbs

Zucchini yield factor is 78%. How much is needed to prepare 200 servings of sauteed zucchini that requires 2.25 oz/serving? Convert to lbs