Early Childhood Education Medical Test Study

Identify the legal and ethical responsibilities associated with administrating medication.

Making sure the medications are in the original containers and are properly labeled.

Nasal means

Nose drops/spray dropped or sprayed into the nostril

Topical means

Placed directly on the skin

Optic

Please in the eye

Abuse of Medication occurs when?

1. A person gets prescriptions from several different doctors for the same false symptoms. 2. A person takes drugs to such an extent that he is unable to function properly and his behavior is strange.

Describe the elements of a medication log.

1. Child's name 2. Date of Birth 3. Allergies 4. Parent's/Guardian's name 5. Doctor's Name & Phone 6. Drug 7. Dosage 8. Route 9. Date Start 10. Date End 11. Special directions 12. Time

Describe how drug information can be obtained from acceptable written resources.

1. For over-the-counter (OTC) medications, the information concerning specific indications for use, side effects, possible drug interactions and storage is printed on the package, package insert or container. 2. For prescription drugs, the container itself will give directions for use including whether it should be taken with or without food. If a drug must be refrigerated or have special handling, the pharmacist will put it on the container.

Know when not to administer medication.

1. If any one of the following items is missing: -Your facility's medication log which would include the parental permission -Legible pharmacy label 2. If the child exhibited a dramatic change in attitude and/or behavior when given medication previously. 3. If you have any doubt that you have the right child, right drug, right dosage, right time or right route, get assistance from another staff member or call the parent before administering drug.

Describe the action(s) to be taken by the provider when adverse effects are recognized.

1. STOP the drug. 2. CALL and inform parents of the child's reaction. 3. If they are not available, call the prescribing physician.

Identify the policies relating to the proper storage of medications.

1. Medications and drugs are to be in their original, labeled container. For prescription medications, the label must include the child's name, the date the prescription was issued and the prescribed dose. 2. All medications are to be stored so as to be secure and inaccessible to children. 3. All medications stored in a refrigerator are to be kept in a separate container, preferably a locked one. 4. All medications must be stored under proper conditions of sanitation, temperature, light and moisture.

Recognize the possible effects of major drug groups.

1. No effect 2. Desired effect 3. Undesired effect

Non- Prescription Medication

1. Non-prescription medications are also called "over-the-counter" or OTC drugs. 2. Over-the-counter drugs can be purchased without a prescription. 3. Common over-the-counter drugs include pa in relievers like plain aspirin or Tylenol and certain cold remedies like Contac and Robitussin.

List the components of properly- labeled prescription.

1. Pharmacy's phone number, name, and address. 2. Name of the person for whom the medication is intended and date prescribed. 3. Name of drug, strength of each capsule, and number of capsules in the container. 4. Directions for taking the medication. 5. Prescription number and the physician's name. 6. Number of times the medication may be renewed without a new prescription. 7. Expiration date: It is unsafe to take some medications after a certain period of time. If the medication has an expiration date, it should appear on the pharmacy label.

Define medication errors, identify prevention techniques, and list the procedures for reporting errors.

1. The child took the wrong medication. 2. The child took the wrong dose. 3. The child took the medication at the wrong time or a medication was not taken at all. 4. The medication was taken by the wrong route. DO: 1. Give your full attention to the task. 2. Remain with the child until you are sure the medication has been taken. 3. Prepare medication for only one child at a time. DON'T: 1. Administer medication that has been prepared by another provider. 2. Take medication from a container which has a label that cannot be read. 3. Take medication from another person's container. 4. Try to hide a medication error.

Use of Medication occurs when?

1. The doctor has prescribed the medication for the person taking it. 2. The person takes the correct amount prescribed by the doctor or as directed by the label in an over-the-counter medication. 3. The person takes the medication at the proper times for the number of days indicated.

Misuse of Medication occurs when?

1. The person takes medication prescribed for someone else. 2. The person changes the amount of the medication thinking that "if this amount is good, more must be better." 3. The person does not take the medication at the correct times or for the length of time required. 4. The person keeps unused medications beyond the expiration date for "future" use.

Prescription Medicine

1. This group includes all drugs which must be ordered by a medical doctor and be provided by the doctor or a pharmacist. 2. A prescription drug is provided for one person who has a specific condition which the doctor is treating by using the prescription drug.

Discuss the system of measure that may be utilized in medication preparation.

2 Tablespoons (Tbsp.) = 1 fluid ounce 1 Tbsp. = ½ fluid ounce 1 teaspoon (tsp.) = 1/3 Tbsp.

What medicate method (route) can a child care provider no give?

A Child care provider cannot give injections such as insulin.

What are the exceptions to the no-injection rule?

A child care provider can use an EPI pen and they can monitor glucose.

Oral means

By mouth

If a child care provider needs to use an EPI pen what should be done immediately following the injection of this medication

Call 911, even if the child is feeling better.

Otic means

Ear drops dropped into the ear canal

Route when referring to medication (list the 5 routes)

Oral, Topical, Otic, Nasal and Optic

Identify the "FIVE RIGHTS" of medication.

RIGHT drug to the RIGHT child in the RIGHT amount at the RIGHT time using the RIGHT route.

Recognize the basic abbreviations, symbols, and terminology associated with medication usage.

Some of the more frequently utilized ones include: bid - twice a day qd - every day qid - four times a day prn = as needed cap = capsule oz. = ounce fl. =fluid

Know the process for obtaining parental permission to administering medication.

The childcare provider, by law, must meet two other conditions prior to administering medication that are having written permission and the medication must be in the original container and properly labeled including administration instructions when given to the child.

Describe the procedures for the disposal of medication.

When a prescription is discontinued or if medications are left after a child leaves the center, the medications should be returned to the parents or disposed of in a safe manner (flushing down the toilet is acceptable for small amounts).