Earth Studies HW 7
While working on a stream in your field study area, you find that the channel width is 20 meters, the channel depth is 2 meters, and the velocity is 1.2 meters/second. What is the discharge of this stream?
48 m3/s
How is ozone produced in Earth's atmosphere by combustion of petroleum products?
A reaction occurs between nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds when exposed to sunlight near Earth's surface.
The amount of meandering that occurs in a stream influences the gradient in which of the following ways?
With more meanders, the stream gradient decreases.
A global awareness of a need to decrease the amount of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) occurring in the atmosphere came about in the 1970s and 1980s. Observation of which of the following conditions led to this awareness?
a decrease in the amount of ozone over Antarctica in September to October every year
Which feature would you expect to find at the mouth of a submarine canyon? alluvial fan a deep sea fan beach delta talus slope
a deep sea fan
What type of drainage pattern would you expect to find developing on rocks that have been folded and exposed by differential erosion over time?
a trellis drainage pattern
Which of the following conditions is associated with high infiltration rates?
abundant vegetation permeable soil gentle slopes
Which gas in Earth's atmosphere has a significant role in the heating of the atmosphere?
carbon dioxide
Water in the hydrologic cycle readily moves from the land to the oceans through several pathways. How does the vast majority of water get from the ocean to the land surface?
clouds and precipitation
Moving off the east coast of North America, identify the sequence of environments you would encounter as you move deeper into the Atlantic Ocean.
continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, abyssal plain
Which is not one of the three broad zones describing the ocean floor? continental slope mid-oceanic ridge continental margin deep-ocean basin
continental slope
Which weather-related phenomenon resulted in the most fatalities during the 30-year interval between 1977 and 2006?
floods
Which of the following is both a daily need and directly tied to weather patterns?
food and water
Which of the following locations contains the most water in Earth's hydrosphere aside from the oceans?
glaciers
In the hydrologic cycle, water that falls on land in the form of precipitation returns to the ocean in which of the following pathways?
groundwater flow streams runoff further precipitation
In terms of dollars, which type of weather event caused the most damage in the United States between 2004 and 2006?
hurricanes
Which gas in the atmosphere is vital to virtually all life that exists on Earth?
oxygen
Which is not one of the variable components of Earth's atmosphere?
oxygen
Which component of Earth's atmosphere is not a primary pollutant?
ozone
Acid rain in the northeast, which accelerates the weathering of rock and the deterioration and corrosion of paint, is caused by the reaction of oxygen, water, and which of the following substances?
sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide
Which of the following rivers is the largest river in North America?
the Mississippi River
Which coast represents an active continental margin?
the west coast of South America
Which parameter best defines the primary difference between weather and climate?
time
Which of the following is not among the elements of weather?
time of sunrise and sunset
When considered by weight percent, what is the principal source for the majority of primary pollutants in Earth's atmosphere?
transportation
Which of the following phenomena is not an example of how humans have contributed to disruption of the atmosphere?
wind turbines
Which response best explains the absence of volcanoes and earthquakes at a passive continental margin?
Earthquakes and volcanoes are rare due to the distance from any active boundaries.
Which statement best explains the formation of seamounts?
They represent volcanoes situated over mantle plumes that have since moved away from their source of magma and subsided.
When considering the movement of water on Earth within the hydrologic cycle, which of the following choices is responsible for driving this process?
The hydrologic cycle works because water exists on Earth in solid, liquid, and gaseous states.
Which of the following choices does not directly affect stream velocity?
location of the drainage divide
In considering a move to a place that is unfamiliar to you, what information about weather and climate would be most useful?
long-term climate data
Which specific gas is most abundant in Earth's atmosphere?
nitrogen