Earth's Surface: Water and Wind Erosion

Which is one way that waves erode coastlines? Back-and-forth movement loosens sediment and rock. Large rocks are picked up and deposited in new areas. Continuous impacts build up sediment and rock. Loose sediment is picked up and blown to other locations.

Back-and-forth movement loosens sediment and rock.

How do erosion and deposition work together to form sand dunes? - Waves cause erosion along coastlines and deposit sand away from the shore. - Erosion occurs as surface water carries sediment and the sediment is deposited near oceans and lakes. - Glaciers cause erosion through the movement of large chunks of ice, which are deposited and form depressions. - Erosion occurs through deflation, and sand that was picked up is deposited against an obstruction.

Erosion occurs through deflation, and sand that was picked up is deposited against an obstruction.

How do erosion and deposition work together to create a moraine? - Waves cause erosion along coastlines and deposit sand away from the shore. - Surface water in rivers causes erosion, carrying sediment that gets deposited near an ocean. - Glaciers cause erosion as they melt, carrying sediment that gets deposited in a thick layer. - Winds cause erosion by blowing around sand that gets deposited in large piles.

Glaciers cause erosion as they melt, carrying sediment that gets deposited in a thick layer.

How is loess beneficial? It grows healthy crops. It prevents wind erosion. It protects land from waves. It decreases the slope of riverbanks.

It grows healthy crops.

How do oxbow lakes form? - Rivers are dammed, and the water builds up, creating a lake. - Runoff pools in areas of low elevation, creating a temporary lake. - Rivers wear away banks until the bank is broken and the river flows straight. - Glaciers leave deep channels in the ground, which fill with water and become a lake.

Rivers wear away banks until the bank is broken and the river flows straight.

How do waterfalls form? A meander gets cut off. Sediment builds up. Soft rock erodes. Flat areas flood.

Soft rock erodes.

Which process wears away tall sandstone rock formations due to wind? abrasion deflation impact plucking

abrasion

Which processes form glaciers? impact and deflation plucking and abrasion deposition and erosion accumulation and compaction

accumulation and compaction

Gravity, the force that pulls objects toward the center of Earth, can sometimes have a significant impact on the rate of erosion, thereby increasing the rate of deposition. Which feature is most likely impacted by gravity because it can form at the bottom of a steeply sloped river? alluvial fan loess wave-cut cliff cave

alluvial fan

Which feature is created by deposition from rivers? rills meanders alluvial fans gullies

alluvial fans

Which is one place that glaciers are found? in the ocean in the tropics at low altitudes at high latitudes

at high latitudes

Which action can humans take to reduce wave erosion? build drainage systems build houses near coastlines build breakwaters in the ocean reduce vegetation along coastlines

build breakwaters in the ocean

Which action would best help prevent groundwater erosion? using breakwaters packing down soil building drains with outlets increasing the slopes of riverbanks

building drains with outlets

Which formation is one feature of karst topography? caves kettles stalagmites oxbow lakes

caves

A geologist is studying a sand dune. The sand dune was formed as wind deposited sand against an obstruction. What process created the sand dune? abrasion deflation weathering compaction

deflation

Which process involves wind moving loose sediment? abrasion deflation impact plucking

deflation

How are deltas formed? erosion of softer rock connection of channels deposition from flow into a lake or an ocean creation of large, flat areas by flooding deposits

deposition from flow into a lake or an ocean

Which conditions promote karst development? Check all that apply. dry climate good groundwater circulation hard rocks near Earth's surface moderate to heavy rainfall poor groundwater circulation soft rocks near Earth's surface

good groundwater circulation moderate to heavy rainfall soft rocks near Earth's surface

Which word describes the water stored below Earth's surface? floodplain groundwater kettle sinkhole

groundwater

Which feature may form as a result of erosion related to runoff? deltas gullies flood plains stalactites

gullies

Which features help reduce the amount of runoff that occurs in an area? hard soil steep slopes paved surfaces increased vegetation

increased vegetation

Which factor affects the amount of runoff that occurs in an area? land use the water table the saturation zone amount of nutrients in soil

land use

When wind slows down, it deposits sediment. What feature is created by the deposition of loosely packed, mineral-rich soil? moraine beach loess sand dune

loess

Which features are formed by river erosion? Check all that apply. gullies meanders oxbow lakes rills streams waterfalls

meanders oxbow lakes waterfalls

Which materials are moved by runoff? nutrients vegetation large rocks paved surfaces

nutrients

Which type of erosion can place a boulder in the middle of a field? abrasion deflation impact plucking

plucking

Glaciers erode land through which two processes? chemical weathering and deflation deflation and abrasion plucking and abrasion plucking and deflation

plucking and abrasion

Which method best helps to prevent wind erosion? rotating crops decreasing riverbank slopes more animal grazing avoiding soil compaction

rotating crops

Which feature is created by wave erosion? loess delta rill stack

stack

Which word identifies the hanging icicle-shaped formations in caves that are created by deposition? sandbars sinkholes stalactites stalagmites

stalactites

Which is the top layer of groundwater? water table kettle lake saturation zone underground lake

water table

Which type of deposition creates sandbars? glacial river wave wind

wave