EDIT: 8th World History 2nd 9 Weeks Exam

God spoke to this man before Abraham left Mesopotamia.

Abraham

The Bible traces the Hebrews back to a man named

Abraham.

____ are rulers with almost absolute power.

Dictators

The center of life in ancient Rome was the

Forum.

A major cause of the Peloponnesian War beginning was that

Greek cities feared Athens would control Greece.

The Greeks used this to explain "why things were the way they were."

Myths

A building constructed in Athens in the 400s BC to honor the goddess Athena is called the

Parthenon.

A time for Jews to remember the Exodus from Egypt is called the

Passover.

____ were noble, powerful citizens of Rome.

Patricians

The relationship between Philip of Macedonia and Alexander the Great was that

Philip was Alexander's father.

____ were Rome's common people.

Plebeians

Views of Education: Plato, an Athenian, thought that education for young boys should train both the mind and the body. He wanted students to be prepared for all aspects of life as adults. "And what shall be their education? Can we find a better division than the traditional sort? - and this has two divisions, gymnastics for the body, and music for the soul. Lycurgus, a Spartan lawgiver, thought education for boys should teach them how to fight. The historian Plutarch described how education was handled in Sparta under Lycurgus: "Reading and writing they gave them, enought to save their turn; their chief care was to make then good subjects, and to teach them to endure pain and conquer in battle." What was the most important aspect of life in Sparta.

Preparing for battles.

The ____ were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC.

Punic Wars

____ were twin brothers, whose story tells the events that led to the founding of the city of Rome and the Roman Kingdom by Romulus.

Romulus and Remus

The ___ was a council of wealthy and powerful Romans who advised the city's leaders.

Senate

As many as 50,000 people would fill the Roman Colosseum for gladiator fights. At the end of a match, one person would survive, and the other would be dead in the sand. These were brutal, savage fights, all done for the amusement of the cheering Roman crowds. The fighters themselves were usually slaves who were forced to fight against their will. The Romans gave them swords, spears and all kinds of exotic weapons, and dressed them up like foreign soldiers. A lot of blood was spilled.When people weren't at the Colosseum, Romans would go downtown to a square called the Forum to do their shopping, banking, and dining. Many of the major buildings of government were there, and it became known as a place where speeches were given. -voluntary -cheery and cordial -poorly attended -cruel and violent

cruel and violent

The democratic society of Athens

did not allow women to have more rights than other cities.

The Canaanites

did not control the Israelites.

The Mycenaeans

did not live on an island, and spend much of their time at sea.

It was natural for the ancient Greeks to produce great works of literature because they had always

enjoyed telling myths and stories.

A tyrant is a leader who used

force to hold power.

The term Classical Age is an age marked by

great achievements.

Aesop

is a Greek famous for his fables.

A phalanx

is a group of warriors standing close together in a square.

Yom Kippur

is the day that Jews consider to be the most holy day of the year.

Hippocrates

is the greatest Greek doctor who inspired the oath doctors and nurses recite today.

Hebrew

is the language of the Jews.

Mount Vesuvius was a volcano that showed little mercy. When it erupted on August 24, 79 AD, it shot ash and gas more than 12 miles up into the air, and in one day it buried the nearby town of Pompeii under almost 20 feet of ash and rock. The people of this city south of Rome had no warning and no time to escape. Many did get out in time, but the whole city was wiped out. It was a horrible tragedy, but it left an almost perfectly preserved Roman city for historians to study. Archaeologists learned much about early Roman history from digging through the ruins of Pompeii. Time simply stopped for the people of Pompeii that day. -it buried the whole city of Pompeii under ash and rock. -there was luckily enough warning for people to escape. -it left very little for archaeologists to study later. -it shot ash and gas throughout the streets of Rome.

it shot ash and gas throughout the streets of Rome

God promised to lead Abraham to a new land and

make his descendents into a mighty nation.

A body of stories about gods and heroes that try to explain how the world works are called

myths.

Roman law of the Twelve Tables was similar to the U.S. Constitution in that they both were written to

protect people's rights.

A ____ is a government in which people elect their leaders.

republic

Cyrus the Great's treatment of conquered people helped him

successfully rule a large empire.

One activity that did not take place in the agora is that

the Greeks hid from invading armies.

The event at Masada ended by

the Jews there took their own lives.

You can infer about the ancient Greeks based upon their achievements that the ancient Greeks

valued philosophy and art.

How many "read and respond" questions are you going to have?

Standard/CoTaught: 3 PreAP: 6

A set of commentaries, stories, and folklore are called the

Talmud.

Alexander worked to spread Greek culture throughout the empire. You can conclude that Alexander

admired and enjoyed Greek culture and ideas.

Aristocrats

are rich landowners.

Fables

are short stories that teach the reader lessons about life or give advice on how to live.

Because traveling by land in Greece wa difficult, the Greeks

became expert shipbuilders.

Rome was founded and

built at the mouth of the Tiber River, where the brothers were saved.

A representative democracy is best described as

citizens elect officials to make the laws.

A Hebrew code of moral laws written on two stone tablets is called the

10 Commandments.

Spartacus has become a legend, but once he was a real person. As Spartacus was growing up somewhere near Greece, a kingdom was growing in Rome. Eventually it became a powerful republic and then an unstoppable empire. Roman legions, or armies, marched through the town where Spartacus lived and conquered his land. Some people in his village fought back, but the Roman army was hard to beat. The Romans killed his father and took many of the other villagers captive, including Spartacus.The Romans held Spartacus and 69 other slaves in a gladiator training school in Capua, near Naples. The land around Naples was beautiful, so many rich Romans built homes on the hills. So when Spartacus and his men broke out of their "school," they had lots of rich estates to rob. Because they were messing with the homes of the rich and famous, the Romans sent a large army to destroy the slaves.Unfortunately, the uprising of Spartacus and his fellow slaves didn't end slavery in Rome. Spartacus and his army were defeated in 70 BC. WHICH OF THESE BEST DESCRIBES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPARTACUS AND THE ROMANS? -The Romans felt threatened by Spartacus and his fellow slaves. -The Romans and Spartacus worked together to destroy the slaves who robbed the rich estates. -The Romans rescued Spartacus from where he was living in Greece. -The Romans and Spartacus lived together peacefully in Capua, near Naples.

The Romans felt threatened by Spartacus and his fellow slaves.

As Rome expanded, Romans became more proud of their interesting government. At the top of the republic were two consuls. Beneath them was the Senate, a group of elected wealthy men (women weren't allowed). Senators served for life, and they helped the consuls decide what was best for Rome. Sometimes they took advice from the tribunes, men elected to speak for the poorer classes. The tribunes got their power from the Assembly, which was a huge body designed to represent the regular people and working classes. Tribunes had the power to veto laws in the Senate.In the Roman Republic, being free really meant something. The Romans had laws that people had to follow, including laws that protected people's basic rights to be free. They included things like a right to be present at one's own trial and the right to not be killed before being convicted. These laws came about because the patrician class (the wealthy) often tried to take advantage of the plebeian class (the poor). In 494 BC, the plebeians threatened to leave the empire, which would leave the empire with no servants or army. The patricians compromised and gave them the Twelve Tables of Law. ACCORDING TO THE PASSAGE, WHO DID THE ROMAN GOVERNMENT REPRESENT? -only the senators -wealthy men, poorer classes, regular people and working classes -only the patrician class, the wealthy people of the Roman Republic -only the plebeian class, the poor people of the Roman Republic

wealthy men, poorer classes, regular people and working classes

The Maccabees

were a Jewish family that was tired of foreign rule.

Rebellious Jews who didn't think Jews should answer to anyone but God are called

zealots.