EEMB 3 QUIZZES

Sponges share true tissues and symmetry with the rest of the animals. Select one: a. True b. False

b. False

Angiosperms and their animal pollinators have co-evolved in the terrestrial environment for Select one: a.1.3 million years. b.500 million years. c.13 million years. d.130,000 years. e.130 million years.

b.500 million years.

Which of the following traits is not shared by all animals? Select one: a.Special types of cell-cell junctions b.A complete gut c.Similarities in their small-subunit ribosomal RNAs d.A common set of extracellular matrix molecules e.Similarities in their Hox genes

b.A complete gut

The main characteristic that determines whether an arthropod is a crustacean instead of another arthropod group is the_______________ appendages or limbs.

biramous

One adaptation that fungi have for absorptive nutrition, in which nutrients are absorbed across the cell surfaces, is Select one: a.lack of a cell wall. b.a low surface area-to-volume ratio. c.a high surface area-to-volume ratio. d.tolerance of low temperatures. e.tolerance of high temperatures.

c.a high surface area-to-volume ratio.

All Ecdysozoans have a chitinous exoskeleton. Select one: True False

False

Match the following actions with the appropriate group of animals. Choose:.arthropods chilipods cephalopods gastropods oligochaetes nematodes a)hard, segmented, metameric body with venomous bite and 1 pair of legs per segment, but an overall odd number of legs b)soft, segmented, metameric body with a closed circulatory system and 1 pair of chitinous setae per segment c)molting a cuticle made of a collagen-like protein matrix d)segmented body that may modify its appendages in each instar e)soft-bodied with muscular foot, a radula and a body that undergoes torsion during development. f) soft-bodied with a beak, a closed circulatory system and a copper-containing protein to binding and transport oxygen through three hearts.

a) chillipods b) oligochaetes c) nematodes d) arthropods e) gastropods f) cephlopods

Match the following traits with the appropriate mollusk group. Choose: squid ammonite bivalves garden snail chitons nudibranch a)muscular foot divided into tentacles, chromatophores that allow color change, well developed head, ink sacks for distracting predators b)spiral shell, operculum, lungs, head and anus next to each other. c)muscular foot, bright coloration, external gills as a "tuft" on their backs, both pelagic and intertidal species d)filter feeder, gills, no true head, flattened body, reduced sensory modalities e)extinct cephalopod that is closely related to cuttlefish f)8 overlapping plates, rocky intertidal habitat

a) squid b) garden snail c) nudibranch d) bivalves e) ammonite f) chitons

Which of the following supports the hypothesis that modern-day choanoflagellates and humans share a common ancestor? Select one: a.None of the above b.An individual choanoflagellate looks a lot like the collar cells found in sponges c.Collar cells have been found in bacteria d.Collar cells have been found in fungi

b.An individual choanoflagellate looks a lot like the collar cells found in sponges

What is true about slime molds? Select one: a.They have chitin in their cell walls. b.Cellular slime molds are colonial and made up of many independent cells that are coordinated and grow to form visible structures. c.Cells within slime molds rely on multicellular connected tissue to support growth. d.They are the common ancestors to plants. e.They are chemoautotrophic

b.Cellular slime molds are colonial and made up of many independent cells that are coordinated and grow to form visible structures.

Which phylum fits the following description: The palm-like plants of the tropics; the least changed group of the present-day gymnosperms. Select one: a.Ginkgophyta b.Cycadophyta c.Coniferophyta d.Gnetophyta e.Angiospermae

b.Cycadophyta

Pasteur proved that microbes produced different byproducts. He found that when certain heterotrophic yeast were grown anaerobically they produced: Select one: a.Glucose b.Ethanol c.Nuclei d.Chlorophyll e.Lactic acid

b.Ethanol

As a microbe which of the following is NOT a consequence of being small? Select one: a.Being small can help with predator avoidance. b.Small organisms like microbes have relative low surface area to volume ratios. c.They are competitive at low nutrient concentrations. d.they have a greater proportion of their cell plan that is metabolically active. e.They have high specific growth rates.

b.Small organisms like microbes have relative low surface area to volume ratios.

Which of the following is true: Select one: a.Microbes are in equilibrium with their environment b.The metagenomics evaluates the genetic make up of a mixed population c.Kochs postulates were a way to prove chemolithotrophy d.Microbes are found only in the Domains Archaea and Bacteria e.All are true

b.The metagenomics evaluates the genetic make up of a mixed population

The broadest categorization of life consists of Select one: a.bacteria, fungi, plants and animals b.bacteria, archaea, eukarya c.bacteria, protists, fungi, plants and animals d.plants and animals

b.bacteria, archaea, eukarya

Which of the following is a mechanism of Genetic recombination in prokaryotes: Select one: a.binary fission b.conjugation c.sporulation d.quorum sensing e.all of the above

b.conjugation

Sporangia can be identified as part of the fossil Rhynia because meiosis produces Select one: a.two haploid cells. b.four haploid cells. c.two haploid cells, but only one is functional. d.four haploid cells, but only one is functional. e.two diploid cells, but they remain attached.

b.four haploid cells.

Two hundred million years ago, when dinosaurs inhabited Earth, _______ were the dominant vegetation. Select one: a.early whisk ferns b.gymnosperms c.horsetails and tree ferns d.lycopods and ferns e.angiosperms

b.gymnosperms

Two hundred million years ago, when dinosaurs inhabited Earth, _______ were the dominant vegetation. Select one: a.horsetails and tree ferns b.gymnosperms c.lycopods and ferns d.early whisk ferns e.angiosperms

b.gymnosperms

James Lovelock proposed that a planet that has an atmosphere in chemical disequilibrium Select one: a.is evidence that forward and reverse chemical reactions are balanced (at constant rates) b.indicates that reactants that should react with each other are accumulating; thus, pointing to a potential biological source c.is evidence of a non-living planet d.is what scientist observe on Venus e.None of the above

b.indicates that reactants that should react with each other are accumulating; thus, pointing to a potential biological source

In heterosporous plants, _______ produce _______. Select one: a.microgametophytes; eggs b.microgametophytes; sperm c.microgametophytes; eggs and sperm d.megagametophytes; sperm e.megagametophytes; eggs and sperm

b.microgametophytes; sperm

The integuments of the ovule develop into the _______, and the carpels ultimately become the wall of the _______. Select one: a.endosperm; seed coats b.seed coats; fruit c.cotyledons; endosperm d.cotyledons; seed coats e.cotyledons; fruit

b.seed coats; fruit

Within the tracheophytes the large, prominent plant is the _______; in the nontracheophytes it is the _______. Select one: a.gametophyte; sporophyte b.sporophyte; gametophyte c.gametophyte; gametophyte d.sporophyte; sporophyte e.None of these choices.

b.sporophyte; gametophyte

Which two traits have not changed once they have developed in ancestral species? In other words, which two traits have we not observed to appear in an ancestral group and then disappear in some "later" groups? a.organ systems (complete digestive, nervous, excretory systems) b.stomatic character (protostome vs deuterostome) c.coelom (acoelomatic, pseudocoelomatic, eucoelomatic) d.cephalization (true head, or separated head region) e.symmetry (amorphous, radial, bilateral)

b.stomatic character (protostome vs deuterostome) e.symmetry (amorphous, radial, bilateral)

Which of the following is NOT true about mitochondria? Select one: a.Its an organelle that resulted from the endosymbiosis of an alpha proteobacteria b.Its role is to detoxify free oxygen c.It drives reproduction of eukaryotic organisms. d.It produces ATP for the eukaryote via oxidative phosphorylation i.e. aerobic respiration e.None ...all are true.

c.It drives reproduction of eukaryotic organisms.

Which of the following is NOT true about microbes: Select one: a.Many metabolic strategies b.Vast diversity c.Most are pathogenic d.Biogeochemical agents e.All are true

c.Most are pathogenic

Some algae demonstrate the phenomenon of alternation of generations, in which a multicellular, diploid, spore-producing organism gives rise to a multicellular, haploid, gamete-producing organism. Which of the following statements about alternation of generations is false? Select one: a.The haploid and diploid organisms may or may not differ morphologically. b.The haploid and diploid organisms differ genetically. c.Only the haploid organism may also reproduce asexually. d.Haploid gametes can produce new organisms only by fusing with other gametes. e.Diploid sporophytes may undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores.

c.Only the haploid organism may also reproduce asexually.

In what way does the phylum Platyhelminthes differ from the phylum Cnidaria? Select one: a.Platyhelminthes are radially symmetrical, whereas cnidarians are bilaterally symmetrical. b.Platyhelminthes have two openings to the gastrovascular cavity, whereas cnidarians have only one. c.Platyhelminthes have more complex internal organs than cnidarians do. d.Platyhelminthes are diploblastic, whereas cnidarians are triploblastic. e.Platyhelminthes have an excretory system whereas cnidarians do not.

c.Platyhelminthes have more complex internal organs than cnidarians do.

Which of the following is not true about water? Select one: a.Water is a polar covalent molecule that is an important solvent b.Water was introduced to Earth through planetary degassing and delivery from extraterrestrial impact events such as collision with asteroids and comets c.Water is a molecule that forms ionic bonds that are critical to the production of macromolecules d.The specific heat properties of water are critical for thermal regulation of organism e.The chemistry of life occurs in water

c.Water is a molecule that forms ionic bonds that are critical to the production of macromolecules

Quorum sensing is a way of Select one: a.reproduction among prokaryotes b.nutrient uptake among prokaryotes c.communication among prokaryotes d.cloning microorganims e.None of the above

c.communication among prokaryotes

Radioisotopes are often used to determine the time of death of fossilized remains. Tritium has a half-life of 12.3 years. That means that 24.6 years after an organism dies it will have _______ of the original radioactive tritium. Select one: a.none b.all c.1/8 d.1/4 e.1/2

d) 1/4

Out of the following choices which method is the best way to evaluate the diversity of a mixed population? Select one: a.Plating bacteria onto an agar plate b.Microscopy i.e., visualizing all of the various morphologies helps resolve diversity c.carbon 14 dating of microbial population helps to resolve evolutionary age d.Amplicon sequencing of rRNA gene e.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

d.Amplicon sequencing of rRNA gene

Which of the following is not a structure or characteristic that enables the nontracheophytes to obtain water and minerals in the absence of a vascular system? Select one: a.Growth in dense masses through which water can move by capillary action. b.Leaflike structures that catch and hold water that splashes onto them. c.Small size, which allows minerals to be distributed evenly by diffusion. d.An extensive root system. e.None of these choices.

d.An extensive root system.

Which feature does not characterize animals in the phylum Echinodermata? Select one: a.A network of water-filled canals leading to tube feet b.An internal skeleton of calcified plates c.Bilaterally symmetric larvae d.An external skeleton of chitin e.Presence of a water vascular system

d.An external skeleton of chitin

The most abundant gymnosperm phylum today contains the cone-bearing plants, such as pines. These plants belong to which phylum? Select one: a.Cycadophyta b.Ginkgophyta c.Gnetophyta d.Coniferophyta e.None of these

d.Coniferophyta

Which phylum fits the following description: Seeds are in cones; plants have needle-like leaves; includes plants such as pines and redwoods. Select one: a.Gnetophyta b.Angiospermae c.Ginkgophyta d.Coniferophyta e.Cycadophyta

d.Coniferophyta

Select the group of organisms that is not considered a protist. Select one: a.Protozoa b.Algae c.Slime molds d.Flagellated Chytrids e.Giant kelp

d.Flagellated Chytrids

What do researchers use the deuterium: hydrogen ratio for? Select one: a.Age fossils via radiometric dating b.track the production rates of microbes c. Order the fossil record via biostratigraphy d.Identify potential sources of water from our solar system e.Study condensation reaction of macromolecule polymerization

d.Identify potential sources of water from our solar system

What is the main difference between the Lophotrochozoa and the Ecdysozoa? a.All Lophotrochozoa have complete digestive systems, but the Ecdysozoa do not. b.Lophotrochozoa all have closed circulatory systems, but Ecdysozoa all have open circulatory systems c.Lophotrochozoa are protostomes while Ecdysozoa are deuterostomes d.Lophotrochozoa do not develop a structure that they molt during growth, while Ecdysozoans all molt an exterior structure during growth. e.Lophotrochozoa are not all bilatarians, but Ecdysozoa are all bilaterians.

d.Lophotrochozoa do not develop a structure that they molt during growth, while Ecdysozoans all molt an exterior structure during growth.

The horsetails, whisk ferns, and ferns are members of a single phylum, the Select one: a.Lycophyta. b.Anthocerophyta. c.Hepatophyta. d.Monilophyta. e.Bryophyta.

d.Monilophyta.

The megaphyll found in ferns and seed plants is thought to have evolved Select one: a.from sterile sporangia. b.by the process of meiosis. c.by the process of heterospory. d.by the process of overtopping. e.spontaneously.

d.by the process of overtopping.

The function of the pollen tube is to ... Select one: a.eject pollen from the microsporangium. b.attract animals to the plant to spread the pollen. c.produce pollen. d.digest the sporophyte tissue as it elongates toward the female gametophyte. e.direct pollen to the megasporangium.

d.digest the sporophyte tissue as it elongates toward the female gametophyte.

In angiosperms, two male gametes contained within a single male gametophyte participate in fertilization. One sperm nucleus combines with the egg to produce a diploid zygote, and the other sperm nucleus combines with two other haploid nuclei of the female gametophyte. This process is called Select one: a.biparental inheritance. b.biparental fertilization. c.multiple fertilization. d.double fertilization. e.multiple paternity.

d.double fertilization.

Which of the following sex and generation combinations directly produces the fruit of angiosperms? a.male sporophyte b.female gametophyte c.male gametophyte d.female sporophyte

d.female sporophyte

Key features of seed plants facilitating life on land include three of the following four traits. Select the exception. a.reduced gametophytes b.seeds c.pollen d.homospory

d.homospory

One important consequence of the evolution of xylem was the development of a mechanism for Select one: a.sugar transport. b.sperm transport. c.preventing of water evaporation. d.rigid structural support. e.None of the above

d.rigid structural support.

The bryophytes are dependent on water for reproduction because Select one: a.sperm are passively transported to eggs by water. b.gametogenesis occurs only when the plants are moist. c.eggs and sperm are released into water and then unite. d.sperm must swim through water to reach and fertilize eggs. e.None of the above

d.sperm must swim through water to reach and fertilize eggs.

The principal reason we consider tunicates similar to the ancestor of all chordates is that Select one: a.the body plan of adult tunicates parallels that of chordates. b.tunicate larvae are primitive in all of their features. c.tunicate adults are very similar to the ancestors of cephalochordates and vertebrates. d.tunicate larvae possess the synapomorphies of adult chordates and thus reveal close evolutionary relationships with chordates. e.tunicates have a lophophore-style mouth.

d.tunicate larvae possess the synapomorphies of adult chordates and thus reveal close evolutionary relationships with chordates.

Which of the following is not true? a) Spontaneous generation is the production of life from abiotic substrates b)The majority of microbe are not pathogenic c)Abiotic polymerization of macromolecules first requires that organic monomers are concentrated followed by condensation reactions d)All living cells require molecules with properties of an energy source, catalyst and information carrier e.)All are true

e) all are true

In free-living flatworms, which of the following functions occurs by simple diffusion? Select one: a.Respiration b.Absorption of nutrients c.Excretion d.Distribution of nutrients within the body e.All of the above

e.All of the above

Which of the following was an essential step in the evolution of eukaryotic cells? Select one: a.The development of a flexible cell surface b.The development of a cytoskeleton c.The development of a nuclear envelope d.The endosymbiotic acquisition of certain organelles e.All of the above

e.All of the above

Which of the following is not a characteristic of plants? Select one: a.Development from embryos protected by tissues of the parent plant b.Cell walls containing cellulose c.Chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b d.Starch as the storage carbohydrate e.Anaerobic respiration

e.Anaerobic respiration

Sporulation in prokaryotes is an example of: Select one: a.Binary fission b.Communication c.Motility d.Conjugation e.Differentiation

e.Differentiation

Which of the following is not characteristic of the body plan of members of the phylum Porifera? Select one: a.No distinct tissue layers or organs b.Asymmetry c.No separation between the different cell layers d.Organization around a water canal system e.Gastrovascular cavity

e.Gastrovascular cavity

Which of the following statements concerning nematocysts is true? Select one: a.They are ciliated cells in Porifera. b.They are excretory organs in Platyhelminthes. c.They are reproductive cells in cnidarians. d.They are excretory cells in Porifera. e.They are organelles used in the capture of prey by cnidarians.

e.They are organelles used in the capture of prey by cnidarians.

The rRNA gene is a useful evolutionary chronometer because... Select one: a.it is highly variable and performs different function among all lifeforms. b.it codes for specific enzymes that are distinctive among all biological species. c.it is only found in prokaryotic organisms. d.it is only found in eukaryotic organisms. e.it is highly conserved and a structural gene.

e.it is highly conserved and a structural gene.

Plants with wind-pollinated flowers tend to have Select one: a.large quantities of nectar. b.smooth stigmas. c.colorful petals. d.pollination before the bud opens. e.large quantities of pollen.

e.large quantities of pollen.

From an evolutionary standpoint, pollen is a Select one: a.microsporophyll. b.microspore. c.megagametophyte. d.megasporophyll. e.microgametophyte

e.microgametophyte

All Lophotrochozoans have a true coelom. Select one: True False

false

All mammals nurse their young using breasts or tits. Select one: True False

false

Ancestral ray-finned fish gave rise to the tetrapod group. Select one: True False

false

Some members of the ancestral lobe-finned fish were the first animals to colonize land. Select one: True False

false

All Ecdysozoans molt at some stage of their lifecycle. Select one: True False

true

All lophotrochozoans have bilaterial symmetry at some point of their life-cycle. Select one: True False

true

All mammals produce milk Select one: True False

true

75% of leeches are parasitic while 25% of leeches are free-living predators. If the description of leeches in lecture is describing the parasitic form, what characteristics would you expect to see in the free-living form relative to the parasitic form? Mark all that apply. a.A complete digestive system b.An enhanced sensory system c.Increased mobility d.A dormant, protective form or life phase e.Adaptations for locomotion instead of attachment.

a.A complete digestive system b.An enhanced sensory system c.Increased mobility e.Adaptations for locomotion instead of attachment.

Fungal nutritional strategies include all of the following except Select one: a.Photosynthesis b.Saprobic nutrition c.Absorptive nutrition d.Use secondary chemicals to obtain their nutrition e.Are all heterotrophs

a.Photosynthesis

Which phylum or phyla contains animals with no digestive tract? Select one: a.Porifera, Cnidaria, and Platyhelminthes b.Porifera and Cnidaria c.Porifera

a.Porifera, Cnidaria, and Platyhelminthes

The first tracheophytes belonged to the extinct phylum Select one: a.Rhyniophyta. b.Lycophyta. c.Bryophyta. d.Pteridophyta. e.Pinophyta.

a.Rhyniophyta.

Moving from outside to inside the flower, name the 4 whorls of floral organs. Select one or more: a.Sepals are the outermost whorl, petals, stamens and carpels are the innermost b.Sepals are the outermost whorl, stamens, petals, and carpels are the innermost c.Carpels are the outermost whorl, stamens, petals, and sepals are the innermost whorl d.Carpels are the outermost whorl, petals, stamens, and sepals are the innermost whorl e.None of these are correct

a.Sepals are the outermost whorl, petals, stamens and carpels are the innermost

Which of the following is not unique to all members of the phylum Chordata? Select one: a.Vertebrae b.A tail that extends beyond the anus c.A ventral heart d.A notochord e.A hollow dorsal nerve cord

a.Vertebrae

The evolutionary importance of plant tissue composed of tracheids is that it provided Select one: a.a plant vascular system and structural support. b.structural support and increased growth. c.enhanced photosynthesis and structural support. d.enhanced photosynthesis and a plant vascular system. e.None of the above

a.a plant vascular system and structural support.

Bird-pollinated flowers ... Select one: a.are often red and odorless. b.have characteristic odors. c.have conspicuous markings that are evident only in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. d.are always grouped in an inflorescence. e.None of these

a.are often red and odorless.

Sponges possess feeding cells and structural parts that are called Select one: a.choanocytes and spicules. b.porocytes and choanocytes. c.archaeocytes and spicules

a.choanocytes and spicules.

Which of the following characters were important adaptations that allowed plants to evolve to live on land? a.cuticle b.photosynthesis c.alternation of generations d.flowers e.None of the above

a.cuticle

When organic material is digested in a food vacuole, the pH in the vacuole Select one: a.decreases to aid in digestion, then increases as digestion is completed. b.increases to aid in digestion, then decreases as digestion is completed. c.stays the same during and after digestion. d.stays the same during digestion, then increases as digestion is completed. e.None of the above

a.decreases to aid in digestion, then increases as digestion is completed.

All plants produce _______ by mitosis and _______ by meiosis. Select one: a.gametes; spores b.spores; gametes c.spores; gametes and spores d.spores; spores e.gametes; gametes

a.gametes; spores

Miller-Urey showed that in a reducing atmosphere with energy input Select one: a.inorganic molecules would react to form organic molecules b.RNA would self-replicate c.organic molecules would form primitive cells d.an oxygen atmosphere would develop e.DNA would be synthesized

a.inorganic molecules would react to form organic molecules

Which of the following organisms show increased mobility because of the presence of a notochord. a.larval amphibians b.adult bony fishes c.adult hemichordates d.adult amphibians e.adult tunicates

a.larval amphibians b.adult bony fishes d.adult amphibians

The generative cell of male angiosperm gametophytes is haploid. This cell divides to produce two haploid sperm cells. What type of cell division does the generative cell undergo to produce these sperm cells? a.mitosis b.meiosis c.binary fission d.meiosis without subsequent cytokinesis

a.mitosis

Lichens are _______ associations of a fungus with _______. Select one: a.symbiotic; an alga or a bacterium b.saprobic; an alga or a bacterium c.parasitic; an alga or a bacterium d.symbiotic; plant roots e.parasitic; plant roots

a.symbiotic; an alga or a bacterium

The terms "acoelomate," "pseudocoelomate," and "coelomate" are used to describe Select one: a.the body cavity of animals. b.ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. c.the vertebrate body plan. d.origin of the blastopore. e.cephalization.

a.the body cavity of animals.

Fossil vascular plants can be recognized by the presence of Select one: a.tracheids. b.antheridia. c.archegonia. d.protonema. e.vessels.

a.tracheids.

A molecular clock helps to provide an age of a species relative to a common ancestor based on: Select one: a.how much RNA the organism has i.e., the more RNA found in a sample the older the organism is relative to the common ancestor b.the mutation rate of a conservative gene (i.e. cytochrome b in mitochondrial DNA) is assumed to be relatively constant thus the age is determined based on the number of neutral mutation compared to a common ancestor c.the ratio of RNA to DNA in the organism relative to the common ancestor d.all of the above e.none of the above

b.the mutation rate of a conservative gene (i.e. cytochrome b in mitochondrial DNA) is assumed to be relatively constant thus the age is determined based on the number of neutral mutation compared to a common ancestor

The discovery of the ribozyme by Thomas Cech was important because Select one: a.it provided evidence of the biologies central dogma of DNA --> RNA ---> Protein b.it was a molecule that was energy source like a carbohydrate c.it was a molecule that acted as an information carrier (nucleic acid) and a catalyst (enzyme) d.it helped solve questions about how organic monomers were formed through chemical evolution e.it was evidence of the formation of a coacervate (protocell)

c. it was a molecule that acted as an information carrier (nucleic acid) and a catalyst (enzyme)

Spontaneous generation was disproved by: Select one: a.Miller b.Urey c.Pasteur d.Winogradski e.Carl Woese Feedback

c. Pasteur

Based on molecular phylogeny of the ribosomal RNA gene sequences which of the following is true? Select one: a.Bacteria are more closely related to Archaea than they are to Eukarya b.Bacteria are more closely related to Eukarya than they are to Archaea c.Archaea are more closely related to Eukarya than they are to Bacteria d.Evolutionary distance between Eukarya and Bacteria is similar to Eukarya and Archaea e.None of the above

c.Archaea are more closely related to Eukarya than they are to Bacteria

Which of the following phyla has a water vascular system? Select one: a.Mollusca b.Annelida c.Echinodermata d.Hemichordata e.Chordata

c.Echinodermata

Which of the following is NOT true about the conjugation of the protist Paramecia? Select one: a.It is important in sexual recombination. b.Prior to conjugation the Paramecium contains diploid micronuclei and macronuclei c.Is a reproductive strategy. d.The micronuclei undergo meiosis and mitosis. e.Involve fusing of two Paramecia and exchange of micronuclei

c.Is a reproductive strategy.