EESC Quiz Questions CH 1-16

Organisms that produce their own food from the sun's energy are known as which of the following? A) Autotrophs B) Consumers C) Megatrophs D) Heterotrophs

A) Autotrophs

Filling your car up with 85% ethanol (assuming your car's system is compatible) would be described as using a high component of which of the following? A) Biofuels B) Biomass C) Biopower D) All of these are correct

A) Biofuels

Select EACH of the following that would be considered deforestation according to internationally accepted definitions. A) Building new residential neighborhoods on forestland B) Clearcut logging followed by tree planting. C) Cutting down trees to create permanent ski runs D) Permanent roads constructed for forest management activities E) Clearing forests to grow pineapple or canola

A) Building new residential neighborhoods on forestland C) Cutting down trees to create permanent ski runs D) Permanent roads constructed for forest management activities E) Clearing forests to grow pineapple or canola

Select EACH of the following options which is a pollutant that can be released when coal is burned. A) CO2 B) Mercury C) Sulphur D) Arsenic

A) CO2 B) Mercury C) Sulphur D) Arsenic

When output of one type acts as input that moves a system in the opposite direction, this is known as which of the following? A) Negative feedback loop B) Flux C) Positive feedback loop D) Closed system E) Open system

A) Negative feedback loop

An organism's use of resources and its functional role in a community is known as its ... A) Niche B) Community C) All are correct D) Habitat

A) Niche

Select EACH of the following fields that is important to solving environmental problems. A) Oceanography. B) Ecology, biology C) Ethics. D) Economics. E) Sociology. F) Atmospheric science

A) Oceanography. B) Ecology, biology C) Ethics. D) Economics. E) Sociology. F) Atmospheric science

Acid mine drainage is a common issue for which of the following mining methods? A) Open pit mining B) Subsurface mining C) Placer mining D) Strip mining

A) Open pit mining B) Subsurface mining D) Strip mining

A group of individuals of the same species living and interacting in the same area is defined as which of the following? A) Population B) Community C) Selection D) Cohort E) Biome

A) Population

Which human activity is currently most responsible for biodiversity loss? A) Pollution B) The degradation and destruction of habitat C) Overharvesting D) Invasive species

B) The degradation and destruction of habitat

Which soil erosion control practice involves planting rows of trees along field edges to slow the wind? A) Contour farming B) Crop rotation C) Shelterbelts D) Reduced tillage E) Terracing

C) Shelterbelts

Which of the following best represents point source water pollution? A) Golf courses B) Soil erosion from overgrazed land C) The ditch flowing from a large animal feedlot D) Agricultural fields E) Residential neighborhoods surrounding the UBC campus

C) The ditch flowing from a large animal feedlot

Select EACH of the following that can be categorized as a conventional source of fossil fuels. A) Nuclear B) Oil sands C) Oil obtained through secondary extraction processes D) Natural gas extracted through hydraulic fracturing (fracking) E) Coal dug from an open pit

E) Coal dug from an open pit

In biogeochemical cycles, reservoirs that release more nutrients than they accept are most precisely defined as: A) None of these are correct B) Flux C) Pools D) Sinks E) Sources

E) Sources

Which of the following mining methods results in the greatest extent of habitat and biodiversity loss due to the large extent of vegetation and surface soil removal? A) Subsurface mining B) Placer mining C) Solution mining D) Fracking E) Strip mining

E) Strip mining

During mining operations, the remains of milled (crushed) ore and waste rock left over after the material of interest has been removed are known as which of the following? A) Railings B) Quarries C) Sand and gravel D) Nonmetallic resources E) Tailings

E) Tailings

Which of the following are components of the "environment" according to the inclusive definition in the text book? A) All of components. B) Human-built infrastructure. C) Institutions an social relationships. D) Water, land, and air. E) Both biotic and abiotic things.

A) All are components.

Compared to coal-fired power generation, nuclear power generation is ... [Select EACH of the following options that applies]. A) Can lead to greater thermal pollution in adjacent water bodies B) Produces greater health problems and fatalities among workers C) Is more environmentally hazardous due to it high level of CO2 emissions D) Emits high levels of sulphur dioxide E) Results in more extensive disturbance to land and ecosystems

A) Can lead to greater thermal pollution in adjacent water bodies

Select ALL of the following factors that have an influence on soil formation: A) Earth worms B) Lots of time C) Parent material D) Topography E) Climate

A) Earth worms B) Lots of time C) Parent material D) Topography E) Climate

Select EACH of the following which accurately represents concerns about genetically modified (GM) food crops. A) Escaping transgenes could pollute ecosystems and damage nontarget organisms B) GM crops could ruin the integrity of native ancestral races of crop plants C) There is limited scientific evidence of negative ecological or human health effects, but its also important to consider that there has been limited time within which to study and acumulate scientific evidence about potential effects D) Pests could evolve resistance to the chemicals that GM crops are designed to tolerate

A) Escaping transgenes could pollute ecosystems and damage nontarget organisms B) GM crops could ruin the integrity of native ancestral races of crop plants C) There is limited scientific evidence of negative ecological or human health effects, but its also important to consider that there has been limited time within which to study and acumulate scientific evidence about potential effects D) Pests could evolve resistance to the chemicals that GM crops are designed to tolerate

Select all of the following factors that should be considered for the risk management of a new synthetic chemical that is being proposed for widespread public use. A) Extent of exposure B) Toxicity C) The opinions of interest groups and industry D) Ethical considerations E) Economic benefits F) Human health risks

A) Extent of exposure B) Toxicity C) The opinions of interest groups and industry D) Ethical considerations E) Economic benefits F) Human health risks

Select EACH of the following that accurately fit within the definition of ecosystem services. A) Firewood for cooking B) The regulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide C) Medicinal plants D) Ecotourism E) Fish for eating

A) Firewood for cooking B) The regulation of oxygen and carbon dioxide D) Ecotourism E) Fish for eating

Select EACH of the following which is included in the definition of biological diversity. A) Genetic diversity B) Community diversity C) Species and habitat diversity D) Population diversity

A) Genetic diversity B) Community diversity C) Species and habitat diversity D) Population diversity

A pair of convective air currents near the equator where surface air warms, rises, and expands are best know as... A) Hadley cells B) The Coriolis effect C) Criteria air contaminants D) Ferrel cells E) Thermal inversion

A) Hadley cells

Select EACH of the following that is a green house gas. A) Halocarbons (CFCs) B) Natural water vapor C) Methane D) Ozone E) Nitrous oxide

A) Halocarbons (CFCs) B) Natural water vapor C) Methane D) Ozone E) Nitrous oxide

Select EACH of the following which is accurate about the term tragedy of the commons? A) It can be avoided or reduced through government legislation. B) It can be avoided or reduced through voluntary organization and cooperation. C) It has been demonstrated to have occurred in all societies around the world D) Individual users of a commons resource are tempted to increase their own use until the resource is depleted. E) Unregulated exploitation of resources held in common leads to their depletion.

A) It can be avoided or reduced through government legislation. B) It can be avoided or reduced through voluntary organization and cooperation. D) Individual users of a commons resource are tempted to increase their own use until the resource is depleted. E) Unregulated exploitation of resources held in common leads to their depletion.

A species whose extinction within an ecosystem may cause widespread impacts to other species in the area is most precisely known as which of the following? A) Keystone species B) An R-selected species C) A flagship species D) A species at risk E) An umbrella species

A) Keystone species

Check each of the following factors that is a basic requirement of trees for photosynthesis to occur. A) Light B) Soil C) Amenable temperature D) Water E) Air

A) Light B) Soil C) Amenable temperature D) Water E) Air

Select EACH of the following that can be considered accurate about the meaning of sustainability. A) Maintaining fully functioning ecological systems. B) Leaving future generations with a rich and full Earth. C) Living within our means. D) Conserving the Earth's natural resources.

A) Maintaining fully functioning ecological systems. B) Leaving future generations with a rich and full Earth. C) Living within our means. D) Conserving the Earth's natural resources.

Experiments conducted in a controlled environment and that can show causation are known as: A) Manipulative experiments B) Natural experiments C) Qualitative analysis D) All are correct

A) Manipulative experiments

Select EACH of the following features of oceans and coastal environments that facilitate diversity in marine and coastal ecosystems. A) Salt marshes B) Variation in salinity and nutrients C) Variation in temperature and sunlight D) Mangroves E) Coral reefs

A) Salt marshes B) Variation in salinity and nutrients C) Variation in temperature and sunlight D) Mangroves E) Coral reefs

Which of the following is the largest active terrestrial reservoir for carbon? A) Soils B)Tropical forest biomass C) Fossil fuels that remain in the ground (not mined or extracted). D) Rock E) Plankton

A) Soils

Select EACH of the following energy sources that has the potential to be carbon neutral or virtually carbon neutral during actual power generation operations (i.e. during operation, not facility construction, maintenance, etc.). A) Solar B) Biomass C) Wind D) Natural gas E) Geothermal

A) Solar B) Biomass C) Wind E) Geothermal

Select EACH of the following statements that is correct about invasive species. A) Some invasive species may be helpful to human well-being B) The control of invasive species once they are present in an ecosystem can be very costly and difficult. C) Invase species may have significant ecological effects in their new environment D) Growth-limiting factors that were present in their original native habitat may be absent in the habitat invaded by the invasive species

A) Some invasive species may be helpful to human well-being B) The control of invasive species once they are present in an ecosystem can be very costly and difficult. C) Invase species may have significant ecological effects in their new environment D) Growth-limiting factors that were present in their original native habitat may be absent in the habitat invaded by the invasive species

According to the textbook case study, the scientifically proven cause of the collapse of the society on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) is which of the following? A) The actual case is still being debated among scientists. B) Rats. C) All of these conclusions are true. D) Ecological degradation. E) Europeans bring disease.

A) The actual case is still being debated among scientists.

Select EACH of the following that could be considered to be a component of an ecosystem ecology research project. A) The average height of trees on a defined area of land B) Functional processes C) Structure D) How matter is recycled within an ecosystem E) Energy flow F) The species of grass growing in a grassland ecosystem

A) The average height of trees on a defined area of land B) Functional processes C) Structure D) How matter is recycled within an ecosystem E) Energy flow F) The species of grass growing in a grassland ecosystem

Select Each of the following that reflect important linkages between oceans and climate change? A) The high heat capacity of ocean water which helps moderate the impacts of climate change. B) Rising ocean acidity. C) Rising sea levels. D) Warmer ocean temperatures. E) Impacts to coral reefs

A) The high heat capacity of ocean water which helps moderate the impacts of climate change. B) Rising ocean acidity. C) Rising sea levels. D) Warmer ocean temperatures. E) Impacts to coral reefs

Which of the below diet types has the lowest carbon footprint? A) Vegan B) A diet that includes meat but not beef (i,e. mainly chicken or fish) C) A meat-focusses diet D) Vegetarian

A) Vegan

Select EACH of the following demographic factors that influence Total Fertility Rate and population change? A) Wealth B) Health care and social security C) Education and opportunity and for women D) Poverty

A) Wealth B) Health care and social security C) Education and opportunity and for women D) Poverty

Select EACH of the following that are accurate about Canada in regard to Figure 1.7 in the textbook and the related textbook and classroom discussion. A) is a biocapacity creditor. B) Should be less concerned about ecological footprint then other nations. C) Has a small ecological foot print.

A) is a biocapacity creditor.

Environmental science can best be described as which of the following? A)A systematic, objective process for learning about the world and testing our understanding of it. B) Increasing the Earth's carrying capacity. C) Reducing our ecological footprint. D)A social movement dedicated to protecting the natural world. E) Environmental justice.

A)A systematic, objective process for learning about the world and testing our understanding of it.

For which of the following have we achieved greater progress in reducing emissions in the past few decades? A) CO2 B) Sulphates C) Nitrates

B) Sulphates

Open systems: A) Receive inputs and produce outputs of energy but not matter B) Receive inputs of energy and matter and produce outputs of both.

B) Receive inputs of energy and matter and produce outputs of both.

Species that tend to be most vulnerable to extinction due to human activities are which of the following? A) Species that occur in multiple different regions B) Specialists C) Species with large populations D) Generalists

B) Specialists

Environmental science can best be described as which of the following? A) Environmental justice. B) A systematic, objective process for learning about the world and testing our understanding of it. C) Increasing the Earth's carrying capacity. D) A social movement dedicated to protecting the natural world. E) Reducing our ecological footprint.

B) A systematic, objective process for learning about the world and testing our understanding of it.

High exposure for short periods of time to a hazard is known as which of the following? A) Cumulative effect B) Acute exposure C) Geological hazard D) Lethal dose 50 E) Chronic exposure

B) Acute exposure

Which of the following most precisely reflects a process that involves systematically testing different management approaches, monitoring the results and adjusting methods as needed? A) The scientific method B) Adaptive management C) Agroforestry D) Ecosystem-based management E) Maximum sustainable yield

B) Adaptive management

Fish from the ocean, obtained for human consumption is best described as which of the following? A) An environmental service. B) An environmental good.

B) An environmental good.

Select EACH of the following statements which is accurate. A) Affluent societies have a lower environmental impact per person than poor societies. B) Birth rates tend to decrease as mortality rates decline. C) Greater social security increases fertility rates since parents are able to have more children D) All countries follow the same trajectory of the demographic transition. E) Poorer societies have lower population growth rates than wealthier societies.

B) Birth rates tend to decrease as mortality rates decline.

Select EACH of the following statements which is accurate. A) All countries follow the same trajectory of the demographic transition. B) Birth rates tend to decrease as mortality rates decline. C) Greater social security increases fertility rates since parents are able to have more children D) Poorer societies have lower population growth rates than wealthier societies. E) Affluent societies have a lower environmental impact per person than poor societies.

B) Birth rates tend to decrease as mortality rates decline.

Select EACH of the following which are CORRECT about the relationship between agricultural pesticides and the pests they are intended to target. A) The effectiveness of a pesticide tends to increase over time B) Chemists work to increase the chemical toxicity of pesticides to compete with increasingly pesticide resistant pests C) When an insect survives a pesticide the trait that provides the resistance may be passed along to its offspring D) A small fraction of insects and microbes may have genes that confer some degree of immunity to a given pesticide

B) Chemists work to increase the chemical toxicity of pesticides to compete with increasingly pesticide resistant pests C) When an insect survives a pesticide the trait that provides the resistance may be passed along to its offspring D) A small fraction of insects and microbes may have genes that confer some degree of immunity to a given pesticide

Select EACH of the following that are examples of a positive feedback cycles in the climate system. A) Warming leads to greater evaporation which leads to water vapor causing increased cloudiness, slowing global warming B) Due to climate warming permafrost melts, releasing soil gases which leads to even faster climate warming C) Climate warming leads to increased forest fires which emit more CO2, further speeding global warming D) Due to climate warming ice melts and darker, less-reflective surfaces are exposed which absorb more sunlight, causing even faster warming and melting

B) Due to climate warming permafrost melts, releasing soil gases which leads to even faster climate warming C) Climate warming leads to increased forest fires which emit more CO2, further speeding global warming D) Due to climate warming ice melts and darker, less-reflective surfaces are exposed which absorb more sunlight, causing even faster warming and melting

Select Each of the following statements that is true about the troposphere. A) It contains ozone that is important to blocking UV radiation. B) It has air for breathing C) It is colder in its lower regions

B) It has air for breathing.

Based on a science perspective, select EACH of the following responses that is accurate in regard to the question of whether human population growth is really a problem today? A) Its not a problem because our ability to continue increasing food production will always be able to meet or surpass population growth. B) It is a problem because we are at risk of exceeding Earth's environmental limitations. C) Its not an issue because the rate of global population growth has declined. D) We don't need to be concenred about human population growth because we will always be able to find technological solutions around the problem.

B) It is a problem because we are at risk of exceeding Earth's environmental limitations.

Select EACH of the following which is accurate about the concept of biological evolution. A) Its a non-random process driven by environmental conditions B) It is influenced by natural selection C) It has occurs within the same generation of any given organism D) It has advanced to the status of hypothesis

B) It is influenced by natural selection

Select EACH of the following statements that is true regarding the equilibrium model of biogeography? A) Small islands have higher immigration rates B) It predicts an island's species richness based on the island's size and distance from the mainland C) More species colonize an island far from the mainland D) Large islands have fewer habitats E) Small islands have lower extinction rates

B) It predicts an island's species richness based on the island's size and distance from the mainland

Non liquid waste that comes from homes, institutions, and small businesses is best described as which of the following? Select EACH option that applies. A) Sewage B) Municipal solid waste C) Wastewater D) Industrial solid waste

B) Municipal solid waste

Which of the following statements are true? A) Water's low heat capacity allows it to play a role in buffering/ moderating global temperature. B) None of these statements are true. C) Ocean surface temperature is constant around the globe. D) Zooplankton are the photosynthetic engine powering the marine food chain. E) Deep water ocean systems tend to be the most productive

B) None of these statements are correct.

Which of the following best describes carrying capacity? A) A constant, invariant value that represents the amount of life Earth can support. B) The population size that a given area of land can support indefinitely. C) The impact a population has on its environment. D) The resources needed to support a population in its environment. E) The amount of fossil fuel extraction a given ecosystem can withstand.

B) The population size that a given area of land can support indefinitely.

Which of the following forest biomes is the most consistent, year round carbon sink? A) All forests take in carbon through photosynthesis year round B) Tropical forest C) Temperate deciduous forest D) Boreal forest E) Temperate rainforest

B) Tropical forest

Which of the following ecosystems has the least nutrients and organic matter in its soils? A) Temperate rainforest B) Tropical forests C) Temperate deciduous forests D) Temperate grasslands

B) Tropical forests

A well-tested and widely accepted explanation - usually about a cause and effect relationship - is known as which of the following? A) A natural experiment B) A hypothesis C) A theory D) An observation

C) A theory

Which of the following are components of the "environment" according to the inclusive definition in the text book? A) Water, land and air. B) Institutions and social relationships. C) All are components. D) Both biotic and abiotic things. E) Human-built infrastructure.

C) All are components.

The most significant cause globally of the loss of forestland is: A) Maximum yield forestry B) Clearcut logging. C) Conversion of forests to agricultural use D) Industrial development E) Expansion of cities, e.g. urban sprawl

C) Conversion of forests to agricultural use

System characteristics that are not evident in the components alone are defined as: A) Retroactive properties B) Positive properties C) Emergent properties D) Open properties

C) Emergent properties

The dislodging and movement of soil by wind or water is best defined as which of the following? A) Siltation B) Deposition C) Erosion D) Eutrophication E) Compaction

C) Erosion

According to the below age structure diagram Afghanistan's future population will most closely correspond to which of the following? A) It will be moderately larger than today.. B) It will be smaller. C) It will be much larger than today. D) It will be about the same as today (stable).

C) It will be much larger than today.

In sanitary landfills a mix of gases that consists of roughly half methane is best known as which of the following. Select EACH option that applies. A) Toxic waste B) Fracking C) Landfill gas D) CO2 E) Leachate

C) Landfill gas

Energy remaining after respiration and used to generate biomass is best defined as: A) Primary production B) Gross primary production (GPP) C) Net primary production (NPP) D) Productivity

C) Net primary production (NPP)

Which of the following is true about biocapacity? A) It refers to outcomes from the industrial revolution. B) It is unlikely to be exceeded/ surpassed on a global level by human activities. C) None are true. D) it is the environmental impact of an individual or population

C) None are true.

Eutrophication of fresh water systems resulting in accelerated algae growth and subsequent deprivation of oxygen for other organisms is caused by which of the following? A) Suspended matter B) The introduction of pathogens to fresh water systems C) Nutrient pollution D) Thermal pollution E) Toxic chemicals

C) Nutrient pollution

The predictable series of changes in a community following a disturbance that eliminates all vegetation and/or soil life in an area is most correctly defined as ... A) Natural selection B) The second ice age C) Primary succession D) Secondary succession

C) Primary succession

The best way to to find out what global temperatures were like 1000 years ago is through which of the following options? A) Older technology such as mercury thermometers B) Digital thermometers C) Proxy indicators D) Direct indicators

C) Proxy indicators

Which of the following is the best approach to addressing depletion of our freshwater resources? A) Increasing the supply of freshwater B) Remediating (repairing) the impacts from pollution C) Reducing the demand for freshwater

C) Reducing the demand for freshwater

On the below dose response curve, the threshold indicates which of the following? (b) Dose-Response curve with threshold A) Synergistic effects B) The dose at which 50% of the population is killed by the substance (lethal-dose-50%) C) The dose at which a substance begins to affect (kill) a population of test animals D)The point at which there are no more benefits from the substance

C) The dose at which a substance begins to affect (kill) a population of test animals

Specific atmospheric conditions over short time periods and within small geographic areas are known as which of the following? A) Thermohaline circulation B) Meteorites C) Weather D) Photosynthetic phytoplankton E) Climate

C) Weather

An example of co-evolution would be which of the following? A) One species moving out of an area to find new resources B) A host species becoming more vulnerable to parasitism C) Predators killing their prey D) A pine tree evolving thicker pinecones to reduce consumption by squirrels

D) A pine tree evolving thicker pinecones to reduce consumption by squirrels

Which of the following apply to persistent organic pollutants? A) They can bioaccumulate in body tissues B) They are a form of outdoor (ambient) air pollution C) They can last in the environment for long periods of time D) All of these statements are true E) The are a regulated (governed by legislation) category of pollutant in Canada F) They include PCBs and DDT

D) All of these statements are true

Select EACH of the following options that accurately represents a benefit of the Green Revolution. A) Lower energy inputs needed for food production B) A reduction in the need for fertilizers and pesticides C) Increased crop resistance to disease and pests due to the use of monocultures D) Increases in agricultural productivity

D) Increases in agricultural productivity

Select Each of the following that accurately reflects impacts from fishing down the food chain. A) The size and age of fish caught increases. B) Fishing down the food chain has been almost eliminated in the last few decades due to bigger and better fishing fleet technology. C) The catch/ harvest shifts to larger, more desirable species. D) It results in catching more species at lower trophic levels.

D) It results in catching more species at lower trophic levels.

Check each of the following responses which are accurate about how climate change will affect the hydrological cycle. A) Decreasing sea level B) Impacts to fish from reduced river temperatures C) Reduced flooding D) Melting glaciers E) Later snowmelt and spring runoff

D) Melting glaciers

Buildings designed to maximize direct absorption of sunlight in winter to keep warm (e.g. through south facing windows) and minimize direct absorption of sunlight in summer to stay cool (e.g. through the use of overhangs on windows) are using what kind of technology? A) Geothermal B) Conventional alternatives to fossil fuels C) Active solar D) Passive solar

D) Passive solar

Renewable natural resources can best be described as which of the following? A) Having a finite supply that is inevitably depleted or exhausted. B) Cannot be replenished on a humanly accessible time scale. C) Perpetually available. D) Perpetually available or can be replenished over short periods if managed sustainable. E) Fossil fuels.

D) Perpetually available or can be replenished over short periods if managed sustainable.

Select EACH of the following which is true about biodiversity. A) It is easy to measure precisely B) It is relatively evenly distributed around the planet C) About 10% of all species that ever lived are now extinct D) Species richness increases towards the equator

D) Species richness increases towards the equator

In which of the following terrestrial ecosystems are we most likely to find the highest net primary productivity? A) Tropical coral reefs B) Boreal forest C) Temperate grassland D) Temperate evergreen forest E) Tundra and alpine

D) Temperate evergreen forest

Ecological footprint is best described as which of the following? A) Our built environment. B) The measured biocapacity of a specified region, community or individual. C) The footprint of a large, Saskwatch-like creature roaming through western North American temperate forests. D) The environmental impact of an individual or population.

D) The environmental impact of an individual or population.

Ecological footprint is best described as which of the following? A) Out built environment. B) The footprint of a large, Saskwatch-like creature roaming through western North American temperate forests. C) The measured biocapacity of a specified region, community or individual. D) The environmental impact of an individual or population.

D) The environmental impact of an individual or population.

Select EACH of the following factors that could be responsible for masking declines in fish stocks. A) Fishing fleets spend less time fishing B) Outdated or ineffective fishing technology & equipment C) Fishing fleets travel shorter distances, focussing on the shallow and most accessible portions of the ocean D) The falsification of data that is reported about levels of catch

D) The falsification of data that is reported about levels of catch

In convergent evolution, A) Closely related species that live in different environments develop similar traits B) All of these statements are true C) Environmental conditions do not play a significant role D) Unrelated species in similar environments may have similar traits

D) Unrelated species in similar environments may have similar traits

Which of the following contributes to the greatest extent to soil degradation worldwide? A) The combined effects of industrialization and cropland agriculture B) Tropical deforestation C)Storm events D)The combined effects of overgrazing and cropland agriculture

D)The combined effects of overgrazing and cropland agriculture

Select EACH of the following that is correct about the genetic modification of organisms for food production. A) It involves the genetic modification of organisms through selective breeding. B) DNA from different organisms is patched together in the laboratory.

DNA from different organisms is patched together in the laboratory

Which of the following of Earth's major subsystems represents the environment as modified by human actions? A) Hydrosphere B) Atmosphere C) Biosphere D) Geosphere E) Anthroposphere

E) Anthroposphere

Porous sponge-like formations of rock, sand, or gravel that hold groundwater are best known as: A) Water table B) Wetlands C) Riparian zones D) Aquifer recharge zone E) Aquifers

E) Aquifers

The build up of toxicants in tissues of organisms and the food chain is most accurately known as which of the following? A) Persistence B) Synergistic Effect C) Mutagenicity D) Biomagnification E) Bioaccumulation

E) Bioaccumulation

Which forested biome has a long, cold winters with short, cool summers, low species diversity and poor, acidic soils? A) Mediterranean B) Savannah C) Temperate deciduous forests D) Temperate rain forest E) Boreal forest

E) Boreal forest

Which of the following is true about R-selected species? A) They tend to be good competitors B) They tend to stabilize readily at or near carrying capacity C) They have long gestation periods and few offspring D) They expend significant resources parenting offspring E) They have a high biotic potential, i.e. they reproduce quickly

E) They have a high biotic potential, i.e. they reproduce quickly

The degree of harm a toxicant can cause is best known as which of the following? A) Toxicology B) Chemical hazard C) Dose D) Toxicant E) Toxicity

E) Toxicity

Select EACH of the following that are true about global warming. A) Forests are a carbon sink and oceans are not B) Carbon dioxide has a higher global warming potential than methane C) Prior to fossil fuel emissions by humans there was no greenhouse effect D) Positive radiative forcing cools the E) Earth's surface; negative forcing warms it F) Radiatively active atmospheric gases absorb infrared radiation

F) Radiatively active atmospheric gases absorb infrared radiation