Elsevier Questions CASAL II

Which of these clients in the vascular clinic would the nurse assess first?

70 yo patient with abdominal pain and who has peripheral artery disease

An arterial blood gas report indicates that pH is 7.25, PCO2 is 60mmHg and HCO3 is 26mEq/L. Which client is most likely to exhibit these blood gas results? A client with pulmonary fibrosis A client with uncontrolled type 1 diabetes A client who has been vomiting for 3 days A client who takes sodium bicarbonate for ingestion

A client with pulmonary fibrosis Low pH elevated PCO2 is consistent with respiratory acidosis

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which laboratory test would the nurse monitor for hypoxia?

Arterial blood gas

Which information would the nurse include when explaining the cause of transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) to a client? Genetic valvular heart disease Atherosclerotic plaques within arteries Developmental defects in arterial walls Emboli ascending from the lower extremities

Atherosclerotic plaques within arteries Alterosclerotic plaques within arteries progressively narrow the lumens of the carotid arteries, causing TIAs.

When admitting a patient for syncope and a electrocardiogram of sinus bradycardia which medication would be administered?

Atropine At your pain is an anticholinergic that increases the heart rate. Digoxin slows heart rate (cardiac glycoside)

Which physiological response is the likely cause of a client developing hydrocephalus 2 weeks after cranial surgery for a ruptured cerebral aneurysm?

Blocked absorption of fluid from the arachnoid space Residual blood from the ruptured aneurysm may have blocked the arachnoid villi, interupting flow of CSF and resulting in hydrocephalus. Vasospasm is a protective response during the active bleeding process, does not cause hydrocephalus.

The nurse is caring for a client with tertiary syphilis. Which body system would the nurse monitor most closely? Respiratory Reproductive Integumentary Cardiovascular

Cardiovascular SYPHILIS is primarily a vascular disease, aortitis, valvular insufficiency, and aortic aneurysms most prevalent problems.

A client had a bypass graft because of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Postoperative prescriptions include measurements of the client's abdominal girth. Which serious problem may be indicated by an increase abdominal girth? Graft leakage Bowel puncture Abdominal infection Postoperative flatulence

Graft leakage During the first 24 hours post surgery, is most likely graft related and needs to be investigated.

When a client is experiencing acute coronary syndrome, which factor would the nurse identify as the cause of the pain experiencing by a client? Arterial aneurysm Heart muscle ischemia Blocking of the coronary veins Irritation of nerve endings in the cardiac plexus

Heart muscle ischemia

Which type of shock would the nurse monitor for in a client with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm?

Hypovolemic

ECG can show patient with history of myocardial infarction...

If there has been any damage to the heart muscle

Which test would the nurse expect to be prescribed for a client who is suspected to have an intracranial aneurysm?

Magnetic resonance angiography Used to evaluate blood flow and blood vessel abnormalities, such as arterial blockage, intracranial aneurysms, and arteriovenous malformations

Which condition in a client with a brain injury is contraindicated for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast?

Metal aneurysm clips

Which nursing intervention should be important when taking care of a patient taking IV (intravenous)digoxin? Select all that applies Monitor the heart closely Check digoxin levels Administer dose over 1 minute Monitor serum potassium Give the medication with other infusing medications

Monitor the heart closely Check digoxin levels Monitor Seguin potassium Low potassium level can cause toxictiy

while waiting in the preoperative holding area for endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm, a client suddenly reports lightheadedness and blood pressure drops. Which action would the nurse take first? Prepare for blood transfusions Notify the surgeon immediately Ensure that the surgical consent form is signed Administer the prescribed preoperative sedative

Notify the surgeon Symptoms indicate rupture of the aneurysm, surgical intervention is needed.

Which respiratory test will be useful to differentiate between obstructive and restrictive pulmonary dysfunction?

Pulmonary function testing

Which part of the electrocardiogram is ventricle depolarization?

QRS

Which clinical indicator is most commonly present in the assessment of a client with a ruptured cerebral aneurysm? Tonic-clonic seizures Decerebrate posturing Narrowed pulse pressure Sudden, severe headache

Sudden, severe headache Bleeding into the enclosed cavity of the skull creates pressure, causing pain.

A client is intubated and receiving mechanical ventilation. The nurse reports to the client's room when the ventilator alarms. Which nursing action indicates that the ventilator was signaling a high-pressure alarms? The nurse removes secretions by suctioning The nurse lowers the setting of the tidal volume The nurse checks the tubing connections are secure The nurse obtains a specimen for arterial blood gases

The nurse removes secretions by suctioning Secretions in the airway will increase pressure by blocking air flow and must be removed. Low pressure volume-if connections are not intact

There are five clients in the emergency unit. Which client conditions require immediate treatment? Select all that apply Skin rash Unstable vital signs Severe abdominal pain Chest pain with diaphoresis Multiple complex soft tissue injuries

Unstable vital signs Severe abdominal pain Chest pain with diaphoresis abdominal pain- could be experiencing aneurysm or ectopic pregnancy. Multiple soft tissue injuries does not need immediate treatment because the injuries are not likely to be life threatening.