elsevier renal quiz

A client with chronic renal failure has been on hemodialysis for 2 years. The client communicates with the nurse in the dialysis unit in an angry, critical manner and is frequently noncompliant with medications and diet. The nurse can best intervene by first considering that the client's behavior is most likely for which reason?

A defense against underlying depression and fear

A client is admitted to the hospital with severe flank pain, nausea, and hematuria caused by a ureteral calculus. What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

Administer the prescribed analgesic.

The nurse is teaching a client receiving peritoneal dialysis about the reason dialysis solution is warmed before it is instilled into the peritoneal cavity. Which information will the nurse share with the client?

Because it encourages removal of serum urea by preventing constriction of peritoneal blood vessels

Which statement indicates the nurse has a correct understanding about kidney ultrasonography?

Kidney ultrasonography makes use of sound waves and has minimal risk

A client in a nursing home is diagnosed with urethritis. What should the nurse plan to do before initiating antibiotic therapy prescribed by the primary healthcare provider?

Obtain a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity

Which hormone influences kidney function?

aldosterone

A nurse evaluates that a client with chronic kidney disease understands an adequate source of high biologic-value (HBV) protein when the client selects which food from the menu?

cottage cheese

Which urodynamic study provides information on bladder capacity, bladder pressure, and voiding reflexes?

cystmetrography

A client who had a transurethral resection of the prostate is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit with an intravenous (IV) line and a urinary retention catheter. For which major complication is it most important for the nurse to assess during the immediate postoperative period?

hemorrhage

Which parts of the nephron are the sites of action for furosemide? Select all that apply.

loop of henle, proximal and distal tubules

A client is diagnosed as having invasive cancer of the bladder, and brachytherapy is scheduled. What should the nurse expect the client to demonstrate that indicates success of this therapy?

shrinkage of tumor on scanning

A client begins therapy with a new medication. One month later the client notices blood in the urine. Which drug does the nurse anticipate as the cause?

warfarin

A student nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney failure who is to be treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which statement by the student nurse indicates to the primary nurse that the student nurse understands the purpose of this therapy?

"It uses the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to clear toxins by osmosis and diffusion."

The nurse is caring for a client with ureteral colic. To prevent the development of renal calculi in the future, which strategy should be included in the client's plan of care?

Instructing the client to drink at least 3L of fluid daily

Which hormone is released in response to low serum levels of calcium?

PTH

A nurse is counseling a woman who has had recurrent urinary tract infections. Which factor should the nurse explain is the reason why women are at a greater risk than men for contracting a urinary tract infection?

Proximity of the urethra to the anus

Which statement is true regarding the functions of kidney hormones?

Renin raises blood pressure because of angiotensin and aldosterone secretion.

What does the presence of ketones in the urine of a client with renal dysfunction indicate?

anorexia

Tests reveal that a client has phosphatic renal calculi. The nurse teaches the client that the diet may include which food item?

apples

Which is a primary glomerular disease?

chronic glomerulonephritis

A nurse educates the client about the relationship between the kidneys and blood pressure. Which term should the nurse use to describe the part of the kidney that senses changes in blood pressure?

macula densa

The nurse is educating student nurses about the anatomy and physiology of the kidneys. What term does the nurse explain is used for the tip of the pyramid of a kidney?

papilla

Which urinalysis finding indicates a urinary tract infection?

presence of leukocytes

The nurse providing postoperative care for a client who had kidney surgery reviews the client's urinalysis results. Which urinary finding should the nurse conclude needs to be reported to the primary healthcare provider?

presence of proteins

Which retrograde procedure involves the examination of the ureters and the renal pelvises?

pyelogram

Which intervention would be most beneficial in preventing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a postoperative client?

remove catheter w/in 24 hours