Embalming Exam Four

When using the gravity method of obtaining pressure for injection arterial fluid, the embalmer can expect to receive approximately ___ pound(s) of pressure per foot of elevation above the point of injection.

1/2

What index fluid must you use to have 2 gallons of diluted fluid with a strength of 1% if you use 16 oz. of concentrated fluid?

16

Which of these temperatures is considered to be optimum for the growth and reproduction of bacteria?

37.0 degrees on the Celsius scale

If you used 2 bottles of arterial fluid to make 3 1/2 gallons of a 3% solution, what would the index of the arterial fluid be?

42 index

The normal pH of the living body is

7.4

An embalming instrument which is a one piece scalpel used for making incisions and excisions is

A bistoury

A dead human body which is used for anatomical and scientific study is

A cadaver

The escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location is

Agonal edema

If the lips will not stay closed during the embalming operation they may be held in position by means of

All of these (Sutures, Wet Cotton Strips, Petroleum Jelly)

The method of drainage in relation to injection in which an amount of arterial fluid is injected and then drainage is allowed to flow for a period of time, each one separately is the ___ method.

Alternate

Distention of the body tissues is a complication of

Anasarca

Which of these is the most accurate classification of petechia?

Ante-mortem extravascular blood discoloration

Which of these arteries extends from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle?

Anterior tibial

Which of these is NOT a recommended method of stimulating blood drainage?

Application of a cavity fluid compress

Vascular embalming fluids are injected into the

Arterial systems

Hardening compound is used

As a preservative and drying agent in autopsied cases

Which of the following is an extrinsic factor to be considered in embalming a dead body?

Atmospheric condition

Blood vessel at the origin of the brachial artery

Axillary artery

Which of these sutures begins by placing the point of the needle within the incision and then up through the skin passing from one side of the incision to the other side with each stitch?

Baseball stitch

Which of these blood vessels is located posterior to the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle?

Brachial artery

Addison's Disease generally results in which kind of discoloration?

Bronze

The first body compounds to decompose

Carbohydrates

What substance undergoes the fermentation process?

Carbohydrates

A condition which favors edema

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Which of these is an example of an intravascular ante-mortem blood discoloration?

Carbon monoxide poisoning

Those pre-embalming considerations given to the case at hand are called

Case analysis

The linear guide for the brachial artery is from the

Center of the base of the axillary space to the center of the inner bend of the elbow

Which man established a method of embalming without evisceration?

Clauderus

Which of the following microorganisms is recognized as the causative agent of tissue gas?

Clostridium perfringens

The action of CH2O on protein is termed

Coagulation

The anatomical guide for the ___ artery is along the medical border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Common carotid

The procedure of disinfection which takes place during the embalming process would most correctly apply to which of the following?

Concurrent disinfection

What type of autopsy involves the post mortem examination of the brain only?

Cranial autopsy

Hydrocephalus is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the

Cranium

Which of these terms is used to describe the color of the external tissue of an artery?

Cream-colored

The separation of body compounds into simpler substances is called

Decomposition

The inferior vena cava is the vein which accompanies the

Descending aorta

Separation of the dermis and the epidermis after death is called

Desquamation

The passage of arterial solution from the capillaries into the intercellular spaces is referred to as

Diffusion

Which of the following suture patterns involves the use of two needles?

Double intradermal stitch

In cases where death is accompanied by high fever

Drainage is usually a problem due to increased blood viscosity

Which is an antemortem extravascular blood discoloration?

Ecchymosis

Which of the following is an intravascular resistance of fluid distribution?

Embolism

Damage to the valves of the heart usually occurs in cases with

Endocarditis

If an embalmer elevated a gravity percolator ten feet above the injection site how many pounds of potential pressure would be created?

Five

Complete cellular death always ___ somatic death.

Follows

The most common method used for arterially injecting a body today is

Force pump

Index is a measure of fluid strength which considers the percentage of

Formaldehyde

An instrument which may be used to guide an arterial or vein tube into a vessel in the

Groove director

A direct method of drainage accomplished by inserting a trocar into the right atrium of the heart is a

Heart tap

A blood-filled swelling is descriptive of which of the following?

Hematoma

An antemortem extravascular blood discoloration

Hematoma

The swelling and bursting of the red blood cells is

Hemolysis

The onset of postmortem changes generally

Hinders the embalming operation

Chemical additives that act as moisture retainers in the tissues are termed

Humectants

What type of solution has the power to attract a solvent through a semi-permeable membrane into itself?

Hypertonic solution

According to the nine region plan, what abdominal region is superior and lateral to the umbilical region?

Hypochondriac

What is the purpose of adding Oil of Wintergreen to an embalming fluid?

It can act as a perfuming agent

Which of these is NOT a disadvantage of using a hand pump to inject embalming fluids?

It may be adapted to be used for aspiration

If injecting an infant case by way of the heart, which chamber of the heart is considered most appropriate to insert the arterial tube for the best results?

Left ventricle

Who is said to be the "Father of Histology?"

Marcello Malpighi

What muscle is injected with arterial fluid to facilitate the closure of the mouth?

Masseter

Chemicals that are added to arterial fluids to meet the varying demands of embalming difficulties cases are

Modifying agents

When preparing the primary dilution for an edematous case, the solution should be what

More astringent than usual

Which of the following may cause malformation and deformities of a body?

Paralytic disease

Which of these is a commonly used, moisture absorbing, substance in hardening compound?

Plaster of Paris

The ___ artery which originates at the opening in the adductor magnus muscle and terminates at the inferior border of the popliteous muscle.

Popliteal

Which of these is an example of a pre-embalming chemical change in the body?

Postmortem caloricity

The discoloration which is considered to be most permanent is

Postmortem extravascular discoloration

A postmortem discoloration brought about by rupture of the red blood cells and a release of their contents into the tissues is

Postmortem stain

What type of anticoagulant will breakup clots by causing the mineral particles of the blood to fall out of suspension?

Precipitants

Chemicals which inactive saprophytic bacteria and alter tissues so as to render them less susceptible to decomposition are

Preservatives

The dilution of concentrated arterial fluid as prepared by the embalmer is called the

Primary dilution

What muscle acts as the anatomical guide for the external iliac artery?

Psoas major

Decomposition of proteins by anaerobic bacteria is

Putrefaction

Which of the following types of decomposition yields foul odors?

Putrefaction

The anatomical guide for the ___ artery is just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle.

Radial

Which blood vessel lies just lateral of the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle?

Radial artery

The process of injection and drainage in which both common carotids are raised is referred to as

Restricted cervical

Rigor mortis is detrimental to the embalming process because it

Retards fluid distribution

When embalming the autopsy case, which of the following blood vessels would you utilize to inject the head of the deceased?

Right and left common carotid

The center of blood drainage in embalming is the

Right atrium of the heart

When embalming the autopsy case which of the following would be utilized to inject the lower right extremity>

Right common iliac

The whip stitch is also known as the

Roll stitch

If a body part has been mutilated, which of the following embalming procedures is recommended?

Sectional embalming

What type of death is said to begin in any one of three vital organs?

Somatic death

The right common carotid artery begins at the level of the

Sternoclavicular articulation

Directing the trocar point toward the intersection of the fifth intercostal space and the left midaxillary line is the trocar guide for the

Stomach

What body organ will produce hydrochloric acid?

Stomach

Which of the following blood vessels is NOT suitable for injection of arterial fluids into a small infant?

Superior vena cava

Who is responsible for creating the secondary dilution of the arterial solution?

The body of the deceased

What is lipolysis?

The decomposition of fats

What is the purpose of adding eosin and erythrosine to arterial fluid?

They impart a color to the tissue

Which of the following would be the most likely to cause intravascular resistance to fluid distribution?

Thrombi

An extrinsic variable factor in the embalming is

Time lapse between death and embalming

Which of these is NOT a purpose for blood drainage?

To create dehydration

On the surface of the forearm from the center of the antecubital fossa to a point between the fourth and fifth finger is the linear guide for the

Ulnar artery

The motorized force pump

Uses centrifugal force

A blister is also known as what

Vesicle

Which of the following sutures is not for closing an incision on an exposed area of the body?

Whip or roll stitch