EMS-Chapter 26: Soft Tissues Injuries

In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object?

A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back

Which of the following open soft-tissue injuries is limited to the superficial layer of the skin and results in the least amount of blood loss?

Abrasion

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 2-year-old child?

Any full-thickness burn, regardless of its location on the body

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient?

Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest

The sebaceous glands produce sebum, a material that:

waterproofs the skin and keeps it supple.

During the normal wound-healing process, bleeding may occur from even a minor injury because:

new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries.

Which of the following is of LEAST importance when initially assessing the severity of a burn?

Known drug allergies

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient?

Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the BSA

As you approach a young male who was involved in an industrial accident, you note that his eyes are closed and that he is not moving. You can see several large contusions to his arms, a laceration to his forehead with minimal bleeding, and a closed deformity to his right leg. You should:

open his airway and assess his breathing status.

During an altercation in a bar, two patrons got into a fist fight. The first patient, a 44-year-old female, was struck in the mouth and refuses EMS care. The second patient, a 39-year-old female, has a small laceration to her left knuckle and also refuses EMS care. Which of the following statements regarding this scenario is correct?

The 39-year-old female is at high risk for an infection.

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct?

The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the BSA.

Which of the following statements regarding the dermis is correct?

The dermis contains hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings.

Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because:

pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.

When a person is exposed to a cold environment:

peripheral vessels constrict and divert blood away from the skin.

A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused and has slurred speech. He has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should:

administer high-flow oxygen.

A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation. As your partner is applying oxygen, you perform a rapid assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it. You should:

apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment.

You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should:

assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.

When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should:

brush away the chemical before flushing with water.

Which of the following statements regarding crush syndrome is correct?

Compromised arterial blood flow leads to crush syndrome and can occur when an area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hours.

A 33-year-old male sustained an abdominal evisceration to the left lower quadrant of his abdomen after he was cut with a large knife. After appropriately managing his ABCs and assessing him for other life-threatening injuries, how you should care for his wound?

Cover it with moist, sterile gauze and secure with an occlusive dressing.

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:

rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live.

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n):

contusion.

When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is MOST important to:

remain alert for more severe underlying injuries.

A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should:

replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.

An 8-year-old male was bitten by a stray dog. He has a large laceration to the back of his left hand, which your partner covered with a sterile dressing and bandage. In addition to transporting the child to the hospital, you should:

report the incident to the appropriate authorities.

During your assessment of a patient who was shot in the abdomen, you notice a large entrance wound with multiple small puncture wounds surrounding it. This wound pattern is MOST consistent with a:

shotgun.

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the:

dermal layer.

With regard to the pediatric rule of nines, the:

legs are proportionately smaller than an adult's.

All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT for the:

lips.

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a:

superficial burn.

Patients with full-thickness (third-degree) burns generally do not complain of pain because:

the nerve endings have been destroyed.

A 21-year-old male was working in an auto repair shop and sustained radiator burns to the anterior aspect of both arms and to his anterior chest. According to the rule of nines, this patient has burns that cover _____ of his BSA.

18%

Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin?

Ears

Which of the following statements regarding electrical burns is correct?

Entrance wounds are small relative to the amount of internal tissue damage.

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body?

Epidermis

Which of the following processes occurs during the inflammation phase of the healing process?

The immune system releases histamines, which cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, resulting in local redness and swelling.

An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n):

avulsion.

A 38-year-old male was electrocuted while attempting to wire a house. Your assessment reveals that he is unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. A coworker has shut off the power to the house. You should:

begin CPR and apply the AED.

A laceration:

is a jagged cut caused by a sharp object or blunt force trauma.