Emt ch17 quizzes

The correct answer is: He is currently not prescribed any medications

A 30-year-old male experienced a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure, which stopped before you arrived at the scene. The patient is conscious, is answering your questions appropriately, and refuses EMS transport. Which of the following would be the MOST compelling reason to disagree with his refusal of transport? Select one: A. He has experienced seizures since he was 20 B. His wife states that this was his "usual" seizure C. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is 15 D. He is currently not prescribed any medications

The correct answer is: a small clot in a cerebral artery causes temporary symptoms.

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) occurs when: Select one: A. a small cerebral artery ruptures and causes minimal damage. B. medications are given to dissolve a cerebral blood clot. C. a small clot in a cerebral artery causes temporary symptoms. D. signs and symptoms resolve spontaneously within 48 hours.

The correct answer is: maintain her airway with manual head positioning, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and administer high-flow oxygen.

You arrive at the residence of a 33-year-old woman who is experiencing a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure. She has a small amount of vomitus draining from the side of her mouth. After protecting her from further injury, you should: Select one: A. restrain her extremities to prevent her from injuring herself, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, and assist her ventilations with a bag-mask device. B. maintain her airway with manual head positioning, suction her airway to remove the vomitus, insert a nasopharyngeal airway, and administer high-flow oxygen. C. place a bite block in between her teeth, apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, and consider inserting a nasopharyngeal airway. D. wait for the seizure to stop, manually open her airway, insert an oropharyngeal airway, and assess her oxygen saturation with the pulse oximeter.

The correct answer is: transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route.

You respond to a residence for a child who is having a seizure. Upon arrival at the scene, you enter the residence and find the mother holding her child, a 2-year-old male. The child is conscious and crying. According to the mother, the child had been running a high fever and then experienced a seizure that lasted approximately 3 minutes. You should: Select one: A. cover the child with wet towels and give oxygen via nasal cannula. B. call medical control and request permission to give the child aspirin. C. transport the child to the hospital and reassure the mother en route. D. advise the mother to take her child to the doctor the following day.

The correct answer is: has bleeding within the brain.

A patient who is possibly experiencing a stroke is NOT eligible for thrombolytic (fibrinolytic) therapy if he or she: Select one: A. has bleeding within the brain. B. has a GCS score that is less than 8. C. is older than 60 years of age. D. has had a prior heart attack.

The correct answer is: ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed.

During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should: Select one: A. insert a nasopharyngeal airway and assist ventilations. B. immediately determine the patient's blood glucose level. C. ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as needed. D. ask family members if the patient has a history of stroke.

The correct answer is: are usually benign but should be evaluated.

Febrile seizures: Select one: A. are usually benign but should be evaluated. B. occur when a child's fever rises slowly. C. are also referred to as absence seizures. D. often result in permanent brain damage.

The correct answer is: hypertension.

The MOST significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke is: Select one: A. hypertension. B. diabetes mellitus. C. heavy exertion. D. severe stress.

The correct answer is: 8.

Your patient opens his eyes, moans, and pulls away from you when you pinch his trapezius muscle. You should assign a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of: Select one: A. 6. B. 7. C. 8. D. 9.

The correct answer is: Hypovolemia

Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke? Select one: A. Hypovolemia B. Intracranial bleeding C. Hypoglycemia D. A postictal state

The correct answer is: dysarthria.

A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing: Select one: A. aphasia. B. dysarthria. C. paraplegia. D. dysphagia.

The correct answer is: not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused.

A patient with an altered mental status is: Select one: A. completely unresponsive to all forms of stimuli. B. not thinking clearly or is incapable of being aroused. C. typically alert but is confused as to preceding events. D. usually able to be aroused with a painful stimulus.

The correct answer is: liver.

Individuals with chronic alcoholism are predisposed to intracranial bleeding and hypoglycemia secondary to abnormalities in the: Select one: A. liver. B. pancreas. C. kidneys. D. brain.

The correct answer is: cerebral vasodilation.

Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. an embolism. B. cerebral vasodilation. C. a thrombus. D. an acute arterial rupture.

The correct answer is: The pain is worse when bending over

Which of the following symptoms would lead the EMT to believe that a patient's headache is caused by sinus congestion? Select one: A. There is associated neck stiffness B. The pain is worse when bending over C. There is numbness in the extremities D. The headache began suddenly

The correct answer is: repeat the arm drift test, but move the patient's arms into position yourself.

You are assessing the arm drift component of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale on a 60-year-old woman. When she holds both of her arms out in front of her and closes her eyes, both of her arms immediately fall to her sides. You should: Select one: A. defer this part of the test and assess her for facial droop and slurred speech. B. repeat the arm drift test, but move the patient's arms into position yourself. C. repeat the arm drift test and ensure that her palms are facing downward. D. instruct the patient to keep her eyes open and then repeat the arm drift test.

The correct answer is: recovery position and transport.

You are caring for a 68-year-old man with sudden onset of left-sided paralysis and slurred speech. His airway is patent, his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate depth, and his oxygen saturation is 98%. Treatment for this patient should include: Select one: A. oral glucose gel and transport. B. recovery position and transport. C. high-flow oxygen and transport. D. ventilatory assistance and transport.

The correct answer is: suction her oropharynx and transport immediately.

You are caring for a 70-year-old female with signs and symptoms of an acute stroke. She is conscious, has secretions in her mouth, is breathing at a normal rate with adequate depth, and has an oxygen saturation of 96%. You should: Select one: A. assist her ventilations with a bag-valve mask. B. administer one tube of oral glucose and transport. C. insert an oral airway, apply oxygen, and transport. D. suction her oropharynx and transport immediately.

The correct answer is: initiate CPR and attach an AED as soon as possible.

You are dispatched to a residence for a 66-year-old male who, according to family members, has suffered a massive stroke. Your primary assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should: Select one: A. obtain a blood glucose sample to rule out hypoglycemia. B. assess the patient for a facial droop and hemiparesis. C. initiate CPR and attach an AED as soon as possible. D. perform CPR for 5 minutes before applying the AED.

The correct answer is: monitor her airway and breathing status and assess her blood glucose level.

You arrive at a local grocery store approximately 5 minutes after a 21-year-old female stopped seizing. She is confused and disoriented; she keeps asking you what happened and tells you that she is thirsty. Her brother, who witnessed the seizure, tells you that she takes valproate (Depakote) for her seizures, but has not taken it in a few days. He also tells you that she has diabetes. In addition to administering oxygen, you should: Select one: A. place her in the recovery position and transport her with lights and siren. B. monitor her airway and breathing status and assess her blood glucose level. C. administer one tube of oral glucose and prepare for immediate transport. D. give her small cups of water to drink and observe for further seizure activity.

The correct answer is: the right side of the body.

The left cerebral hemisphere controls: Select one: A. breathing and blood pressure. B. the right side of the body. C. the right side of the face. D. heart rate and pupil reaction.

The correct answer is: brain stem.

The most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing, are controlled by the: Select one: A. cerebral cortex. B. brain stem. C. cerebrum. D. cerebellum.

The correct answer is: cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem.

The three major parts of the brain are the: Select one: A. cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. B. cerebellum, medulla, and occiput. C. brain stem, midbrain, and spinal cord. D. midbrain, cerebellum, and spinal cord.

The correct answer is: ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment.

When assessing for arm drift of a patient with a suspected stroke, you should: Select one: A. expect to see one arm slowly drift down to the patient's side. B. ask the patient to close his or her eyes during the assessment. C. ask the patient to hold his or her arms up with the palms down. D. observe movement of the arms for approximately 2 minutes.

The correct answer is: a seizure.

When caring for a patient with documented hypoglycemia, you should be MOST alert for: Select one: A. a seizure. B. respiratory distress. C. a febrile convulsion. D. an acute stroke.

The correct answer is: recumbent position with the paralyzed side down.

When transporting a stable stroke patient with a paralyzed extremity, place the patient in a: Select one: A. supine position with the legs elevated 6 feet to 12 feet. B. recumbent position with the paralyzed side down. C. sitting position with the head at a 45° to 90° angle. D. recumbent position with the paralyzed side up.

The correct answer is: when the patient last appeared normal.

When you are obtaining medical history from the family of a suspected stroke patient, it is MOST important to determine: Select one: A. if there is a family history of a stroke. B. when the patient last appeared normal. C. if the patient has been hospitalized before. D. the patient's overall medication compliance.

The correct answer is: A seizure that begins in one extremity

Which of the following MOST accurately describes a simple partial seizure? Select one: A. A seizure that is not preceded by an aura B. A generalized seizure without incontinence C. A seizure that causes the patient to stare blankly D. A seizure that begins in one extremity

The correct answer is: Confusion and fatigue

Which of the following MOST accurately describes what the patient will experience during the postictal state that follows a seizure? Select one: A. Confusion and fatigue B. Hyperventilation and hypersalivation C. A rapidly improving level of consciousness D. A gradually decreasing level of consciousness

The correct answer is: Respiratory failure or cardiopulmonary arrest

Which of the following conditions would MOST likely affect the entire brain? Select one: A. Respiratory failure or cardiopulmonary arrest B. Blocked cerebral artery in the frontal lobe C. Ruptured cerebral artery in the occipital lobe D. Reduced blood supply to the left hemisphere