EMT Chapter 23

After activating the EpiPen® ​auto-injector, how long should it be held in place before removing it from the​ patient's thigh? A.1 minute B.30 seconds C.10 seconds D.It should be removed from the injection site immediately.

10 seconds

You are treating a​ 28-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant. She has a history of bee sting anaphylaxis and was stung by a bee while in the garden. She is having severe respiratory distress and her blood pressure is​ 72/50 mmHg. Which of the following is the best option for the​ EMT? A.Transport​ rapidly, bypassing the emergency department and taking the patient directly to the obstetrics unit of the hospital. B.Administer the EpiPen® only on the advice of medical control. C.Immediately administer the​ patient's EpiPen®. D.Do not administer the EpiPen® under any circumstances.

Administer the EpiPen® only on the advice of medical control.

Your patient has eaten a casserole that may have contained seafood. The patient is worried because he has a seafood allergy. Upon​ assessment, you find no signs or symptoms of anaphylaxis. The​ patient's vital signs are stable and he has an epinephrine​ auto-injector prescribed to him. Which of the following actions is most​ appropriate? A.Try to find out if the casserole contained seafood. B.Assist him with the administration of his epinephrine​ auto-injector. C.Advise the patient that he does not require treatment and transport at this time. D.Transport the patient rapidly before the onset of anaphylaxis.

Try to find out if the casserole contained seafood.

For a hypotensive​ patient, which of the following effects of epinephrine would be most​ important? A.Bronchoconstriction B.Vasodilation C.Increased capillary permeability D.Vasoconstriction

Vasoconstriction

Which of the following is an action caused by epinephrine in​ anaphylaxis? A.Vasoconstriction B.Decreased heart rate C.Bronchoconstriction D.All of the above

Vasoconstriction

Upon delivering a patient to the emergency​ department, you remove your gloves and find that your hands are red and itchy. Which of the following is most​ likely? A.You have come into contact with poison ivy in the​ patient's yard. B.You have been exposed to an infectious disease through contact with the patient. C.You are having an allergic reaction to the latex in the gloves. D.You are showing early signs of an anaphylactic reaction.

You are having an allergic reaction to the latex in the gloves.

The mental status that best fits anaphylaxis​ is: A. moderate anxiety. B. a feeling of impending doom. C. severe anxiety. D. mild anxiety.

a feeling of impending doom.

If a person is allergic to bee​ stings, the venom from the bee is referred to as​ a(n): A.allergen. B.agent. C.catalyst. D.mediator.

allergen.

A​ 17-year-old male presents with itchy skin after exposure to peanuts. He is allergic to peanuts. The findings at this point​ indicate: A. an anxiety attack. B. a skin infection. C. an allergic reaction. D. an anaphylactic reaction.

an allergic reaction.

After administering the epinephrine​ auto-injector to your patient with​ anaphylaxis, you should pay particular attention​ to: A.determining the​ patient's need for transport. B.assessing the​ patient's airway,​ breathing, and circulation. C.ensuring the patient has a prescription for epinephrine. D.justifying your actions to medical control.

assessing the​ patient's airway,​ breathing, and circulation.

A​ 35-year-old male is suffering a severe anaphylactic reaction. You have administered one of the​ patient's two epinephrine​ auto-injectors as​ indicated; however, after 10​ minutes, the​ patient's condition has not improved. You should​ next: A. inject the second​ auto-injector, but this time try to inject it into a vein. B. wait 10 more minutes and then administer the second​ auto-injector. C. consult with medical control and administer the second​ auto-injector. D. not administer the second​ auto-injector, because two consecutive doses of epinephrine are never indicated. The second one is simply a spare.

consult with medical control and administer the second​ auto-injector.

The first time someone is exposed to an​ allergen, the immune​ system: A.forms antibodies in response. B.releases histamine and other chemicals. C.triggers anaphylactic shock. D.triggers an allergic reaction.

forms antibodies in response.

In an anaphylactic​ reaction, hives​ are: A.generalized. B.absent. C.localized. D.blotchy and red.

generalized.

Urticaria is another term​ for: A. bronchoconstriction. B. severe itching. C. swelling of the face. D. hives

hives.

The steps in administering epinephrine by​ auto-injector include: A.placing the injector back in its container for reuse. B.drawing up the medication into the syringe. C.holding the injector in place until all the medication has been injected. D.pushing the injector firmly against the​ patient's buttock until the needle is deployed.

holding the injector in place until all the medication has been injected.

An allergic reaction is an abnormal response of​ the: A.endocrine system. B.cardiac system. C.nervous system. D.immune system.

immune system.

A​ 10-year-old male was stung by several bees. Shortly after the​ envenomation, his face became severely swollen. This edema is the result​ of: A.increased capillary permeability. B.vasoconstriction. C.decreased histamine production. D.decreased capillary permeability.

increased capillary permeability.

When administering epinephrine via​ auto-injector, you should place the tip of the device against​ the: A. anterior portion of the​ patient's upper arm. B. lateral portion of the​ patient's neck. C. posterior portion of the​ patient's lower arm. D. lateral portion of the​ patient's thigh.

lateral portion of the​ patient's thigh.

A patient carrying a prescribed epinephrine​ auto-injector: A.must use the device only if diagnosed as anaphylactic by a physician. B.will be proficient in its use. C.may ask you for assistance with using the device. D.may not legally allow anyone else to use the device.

may ask you for assistance with using the device.

You just administered an EpiPen to your patient. The patient is improved but is now complaining of chest pain. You​ should: A. administer another dose of epinephrine. B. administer nitroglycerin. C. tell the patient that this is normal. D. notify medical direction.

notify medical direction.

A particular antibody combines​ with: A.histamine and other chemicals released by the immune system. B.an allergen it is exposed to for the first time. C.only the allergen it was formed in response to or a very similar allergen. D.any allergen with which it comes into contact.

only the allergen it was formed in response to or a very similar allergen.

You have just completed administering an EpiPen to an anaphylactic​ 22-year-old female. You have successfully injected the medication and withdrawn the syringe. You should​ next: A. turn the EpiPen over to the hospital upon arrival. B. turn the EpiPen over to ALS personnel. C. deliver the EpiPen to the pharmacy. D. place the EpiPen in an appropriate biohazard container

place the EpiPen in an appropriate biohazard container

Following an epinephrine​ injection, reassessment should occur​ during: A.administration of a second injection. B.contact with medical control. C.transport. D.disposal of the injector.

transport.

Which of the following is most likely to be a complaint of a patient suffering from​ anaphylaxis? A.​"My legs are numb and I​ can't move​ them." B.​"My throat feels like it is​ closing." C."I am having severe muscle​ pains." D."I can't remember what​ happened."

​"My throat feels like it is​ closing."

You are called to a residence for a​ 50-year-old male complaining of difficulty breathing. He is alert and oriented to​ time, place, and person. The patient presents with hives over the​ chest, stridor, a swollen​ tongue, and wheezing in the upper fields. He is breathing 32 times per minute. He is speaking in​ two- to​ three-word sentences. What is the best treatment for the​ patient? A.Oxygen at 15 liters per minute by nonrebreather mask B.Oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask C.Rapid transport to the nearest facility D.Administering epinephrine with consent from medical control

Administering epinephrine with consent from medical control

You are on the scene of a motor vehicle collision in which a car has driven off the roadway and is resting at the bottom of an embankment. The driver is in severe respiratory distress and is unable to speak. His skin is flushed and he has hives. A​ Medic-Alert bracelet indicates an allergy to peanuts. You notice a candy bar wrapper on the floor of the car. Which of the following should you do​ first? A.Perform rapid extrication. B.Search the patient for an epinephrine​ auto-injector. C.Read the candy wrapper to see if it contains peanuts. D.Administer​ high-concentration oxygen.

Administer​ high-concentration oxygen.

Which of the following would best describe a situation where a patient was experiencing shock and respiratory compromise after exposure to a known​ allergen? A. Local allergic reaction B. Mild allergic reaction C. Moderate allergic reaction D. Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis

You are called to a residence for a​ 60-year-old male complaining of chest pain. You find the patient seated in bed. His past medical history includes hypertension and high cholesterol. The patient presents with hives over the​ chest, stridor, a swollen​ tongue, and wheezing in the upper fields. He denies any shortness of breath or respiratory​ distress, but does so in short​ two- to​ three-word statements. What condition do you​ suspect? A.Acute myocardial infarction B.Anaphylaxis C.Angina pectoris D.Asthma

Anaphylaxis

You are called to the local park on a hot summer day for an​ 8-year-old child in respiratory distress. The child can barely speak and appears to be getting sleepy. Vital signs are blood pressure​ 90/60, pulse​ 120, and respiratory rate 32. Your physical exam reveals a swollen​ tongue, inspiratory​ stridor, wheezing, and hives on the neck and chest. What condition do you​ suspect? A.Heat exhaustion B.Allergic reaction C.Asthma D.Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis

You have responded to a park where you find a​ 23-year-old female sitting on a bench near a running trail. She states that she has been running for the past 30 minutes and suddenly cannot catch her breath. She states that this has never happened before and she usually runs 5 miles a day. Your assessment reveals that she is​ flushed, her pulse is fast and​ weak, her respirations are fast and she is​ wheezing, and she has hives on her arms and chest. She is most likely suffering from which of the​ following? A.Heat stroke B.Hyperventilation syndrome C.Anaphylaxis D.Allergic reaction

Anaphylaxis

What are produced by the body to attack foreign​ substances? A. Platelets B. Antigens C. Antibodies D. Allergens

Antibodies

Which of the following is not a side effect of​ epinephrine? A.Bradycardia B.Pallor C.Vomiting D.Chest pain

Bradycardia

Your patient was experiencing anaphylaxis with severe hypoxia when you administered his epinephrine​ auto-injector. Within​ minutes, his oxygen saturation improved. What therapeutic effect of epinephrine would best explain this​ improvement? A. Vasoconstriction B. Increased heart rate C. Bronchodilation D. Reduction of vascular permeability

Bronchodilation

Which of the following is the result of histamine and other chemicals in the body during​ anaphylaxis? A.Blood vessels​ constrict, capillaries become​ leaky, and bronchoconstriction occurs. B.Capillaries become​ leaky, bronchoconstriction​ occurs, and swelling appears in areas around the vocal cords. C.Bronchodilation​ occurs, blood vessels​ dilate, and swelling appears in areas around the vocal cords. D.Urticaria occurs due to fluid being shunted from the​ skin, causing dehydration of tissue.

Capillaries become​ leaky, bronchoconstriction​ occurs, and swelling appears in areas around the vocal cords.

What change in vital signs would typically indicate that a patient with an allergic reaction has progressed to​ anaphylaxis? A. Bradycardia B. Hypertension C. Decreased oxygen saturation D. Bradypnea

Decreased oxygen saturation

Which of the following would prevent the administration of an EpiPen to a​ 16-year-old male in a​ life-threatening anaphylactic​ situation? A. Denial of permission from medical direction to administer the drug B. A pulse rate above 130 C. A blood pressure reading of​ 90/70 D. Respirations that are 24 and shallow

Denial of permission from medical direction to administer the drug

Which of the following happens to blood vessels during an anaphylactic​ reaction? A.Spasm B.Dilation C.Constriction D.No change

Dilation

Which of the following is a trade name for an epinephrine​ auto-injector? A.EpiPen® B.Autodrenalin® C.AllerPen® D.Anajector

EpiPen®

. What finding most clearly indicates​ anaphylaxis? A. Local hives B. Mild dyspnea C. Generalized pallor D. Local swelling

Generalized pallor

In an allergic reaction when an antibody combines with the​ allergen, what substance is released that causes​ bronchoconstriction, promotion of thick mucus production in the​ lungs, vasodilation, and increased vascular​ permeability? A. Adrenaline B. Plasma C. Basophils D. Histamine

Histamine

Which of the following does a physician not take into consideration when writing a prescription for a patient to obtain an epinephrine​ auto-injector? A.Severity of previous allergic reactions B.How far the patient lives from medical attention C.Patient's known allergies D.Patient's medical history

How far the patient lives from medical attention

Which of the following is not an indication that epinephrine is helping the anaphylaxis​ patient's condition? A.Increased blood pressure B.Increased heart rate C.Increased dyspnea D.Both B and C

Increased dyspnea

Which of the following is caused by a histamine release during an allergic​ reaction? A.Vasoconstriction B.Drying and reduction of mucus in the bronchi of the lungs C.Bronchodilation D.Increased leakage of fluids from blood vessels

Increased leakage of fluids from blood vessels

Which of the following is the reason why infants rarely experience anaphylactic​ reactions? A.Allergens do not affect infants. B.Infants have not yet developed antibodies to allergens. C.Infants have received natural immunity to allergens from their mothers before birth. D.None of the above

Infants have not yet developed antibodies to allergens.

Most epinephrine​ auto-injectors contain how many doses of​ epinephrine? A.One B.Three C.Two D.None of the above

One

Which of the following foods is most likely to cause a severe allergic​ reaction? A.Beets B.Peanuts C.Rice D.Celery

Peanuts

Which of the following is most likely to cause​ anaphylaxis? A.Nitroglycerin B.Penicillin C.Dextrose D.Morphine

Penicillin

Which of the following is the proper method of disposing of a used epinephrine​ auto-injector? A.Place the device in a rigid biohazardous sharps disposal container. B.Take it to the hospital for disposal in the emergency department. C.Bend the needle at an angle to prevent accidental punctures and place it in the trash. D.Leave it at the scene for the patient or his family to dispose of.

Place the device in a rigid biohazardous sharps disposal container.

Which of the following explains why a patient may experience difficulty breathing during​ anaphylaxis? A.Allergens bind to​ hemoglobin, preventing it from carrying oxygen. B.Swelling in the brain decreases the respiratory drive. C.Allergens clump together and block blood flow through the lungs. D. Swelling of the airway tissues causes difficulty breathing.

Swelling of the airway tissues causes difficulty breathing.

Which of the following findings is the most concerning in a patient with a suspected severe allergic​ reaction? A.Swollen face and tongue B.Flushed, red skin throughout the body C.Splotches and swelling of the hands and forearms D.Hives on the chest

Swollen face and tongue

Which of the following is an anticipated side effect of epinephrine​ administration? A. Tachycardia B. Hypotension C. Vasodilation D. Lethargy

Tachycardia

What finding is least likely to make an EMT suspect an allergic​ reaction? A. The patient shows signs or symptoms of shock. B. The patient complains of​ itching, hives, or difficulty breathing. C. The patient has come into contact with an allergen that has caused an allergic reaction in the past. D. The patient has dry eyes and nose.

The patient has dry eyes and nose.

Which of the following should be assessed first for a patient who is in anaphylactic​ shock? A.The​ patient's airway B.The​ patient's distal pulses C.The​ patient's lung sounds D.The​ patient's blood pressure

The​ patient's airway

After administering epinephrine per medical control via an​ auto-injector to an unresponsive anaphylactic adult​ patient, your partner reassesses the lung sounds. He tells you that the patient is now wheezing loudly in all fields whereas before the injection they were diminished in the upper fields and absent in the lower. What is your suspicion regarding the​ patient's condition? A.The​ patient's condition is worsening. B.The patient is about to go into cardiac arrest. C.There is no change in the​ patient's condition. D.The​ patient's condition is improving.

The​ patient's condition is improving.

At which of the following sites should the EMT administer an epinephrine​ auto-injector? A.Thigh B.Buttocks C.Abdomen D.Upper arm

Thigh

What is more characteristic of anaphylaxis than of a less severe allergic​ reaction? A.Wheezing B.Itching C.Swelling D.Tightness in the chest

Tightness in the chest

When documenting the administration of an epinephrine​ auto-injector, which of the following should be​ included? A.Patient's response to the medication B.Time the medication was administered C.Site of medication administration D.All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is a general term for a substance to which the body may have an anaphylactic​ reaction? A.Antibody B.Allergen C.Pyrogen D.Pathogen

Allergen

You are called to a farmhouse on a sunny spring afternoon. Upon​ arrival, a frantic mother tells you that her​ 3-year-old daughter was playing in the​ yard, accidentally stepped on a​ hornets' nest, and was stung repeatedly. The patient is​ alert, screaming and​ crying, and can follow her​ mother's commands. Her arms and legs are swollen and show the marks of several stings. Her body is covered in hives. Her vital signs are blood pressure​ 90/40, pulse​ 110, respiratory rate​ 24, and oxygen saturation 99 percent. Her lung sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. Her mother states she put​ "nox-a-sting" on the bites but the bites only seemed to get worse. What condition is the patient suffering​ from? A.Anaphylactic reaction from the​ "nox-a-sting" swabs B.Allergic reaction from the​ hornets' stings C.Minor anaphylactic reaction D.Moderate anaphylactic reaction

Allergic reaction from the​ hornets' stings

If a patient reports an allergy to​ walnuts, what other food should the patient probably​ avoid? A. Almonds B. Crayfish C. Strawberries D. Chocolate

Almonds

A​ 35-year-old female has just eaten lobster and is now complaining of​ itchy, watery eyes. Her blood pressure is beginning to​ fall, but she denies difficulty breathing. Which of the following best describes her​ condition? A.Anaphylaxis B.Dyspnea C.Mild allergy D.Shock

Anaphylaxis

What is another name for a severe allergic​ reaction? A.Urticaria B.Anaphylaxis C.Stridor D.Respiratory distress

Anaphylaxis

As you prepare to enter a​ patient's room in a nursing​ home, you see a sign posted on the door indicating that the patient has a latex allergy. Which of the following is the best way to care for the​ patient? A.Ask the nursing facility staff to find synthetic exam gloves to wear for contact with this patient. B.Put on latex gloves​ anyway; you must protect yourself with BSI. C.Ask the nursing staff if the patient has an epinephrine​ auto-injector available in case of a reaction to your gloves. D.Only perform a history on this​ patient, not a physical​ exam, so you can avoid contacting him with your gloves.

Ask the nursing facility staff to find synthetic exam gloves to wear for contact with this patient.

Which of the following is included in the primary assessment of a conscious patient suffering from anaphylactic​ shock? A.Assessing whether the patient is able to speak without difficulty B.Determining whether the​ patient's systolic blood pressure is over 100 mmHg C.Finding out how the patient was exposed to the substance to which she is allergic D.Looking for hives and swelling

Assessing whether the patient is able to speak without difficulty

You are transporting a​ 41-year-old female suffering from severe anaphylaxis. Her respiratory rate is 42 per​ minute, she is​ cyanotic, and she has a decreased level of responsiveness. Which of the following is the highest priority of care for this​ patient? A.Elevate the​ patient's head. B.Search for an epinephrine​ auto-injector. C.Transport rapidly. D.Assist ventilations with a​ bag-valve mask.

Assist ventilations with a​ bag-valve mask.

Which of the following does not commonly lead to​ anaphylaxis? A.Wasp stings B.Peanuts C.Penicillin D.Cat dander

Cat dander

What effect does epinephrine have on the blood​ vessels? A.Dilation B.Distension C.Perfusion D.Constriction

Constriction

You are on the scene of a​ 40-year-old male patient who is anaphylactic and still unresponsive following a single epinephrine injection. Prior to giving the​ injection, you inserted an oral airway and administered oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask and your partner found diminished lung sounds. Following the epinephrine​ administration, your partner reassesses lung sounds and tells you that the patient is now wheezing loudly in all fields. What is the next action you should​ perform? A.Discontinue bagging the patient. B.Place the patient on a nonrebreather mask. C.Contact medical control and request to administer another dose of epinephrine. D.Hyperventilate the patient.

Contact medical control and request to administer another dose of epinephrine.

Your patient is a​ 45-year-old female who is allergic to sesame​ seeds, which she accidentally ingested when she ate a deli sandwich. She is having difficulty breathing and she has​ hives, watery​ eyes, a weak pulse of 120 per​ minute, and swelling of the face and tongue. Which of the following is the best course of immediate​ action? A.Contact medical control for orders to administer the​ patient's epinephrine​ auto-injector. B.Transport immediately. C.Contact dispatch to see where the closest ALS unit is. D.Insert an oropharyngeal airway​ (OPA).

Contact medical control for orders to administer the​ patient's epinephrine​ auto-injector.

Your patient has a history of severe anaphylaxis and carries several​ auto-injectors. You have administered one of the​ auto-injectors, but the​ patient's condition continues to worsen. Which of the following is the next best course of​ action? A.Divert transport to a hospital with critical care capabilities. B.Immediately administer a second​ auto-injector. C.Continue supportive care en route to the hospital. D.Contact medical control.

Contact medical control.

In your management of a patient with true anaphylaxis who has a prescribed epinephrine​ auto-injector, which of the following interventions is most​ correct? A. Contact medical direction for authorization to administer the epinephrine​ auto-injector. B. If the patient is​ unconscious, place the patient upright in a position of comfort to assist with the​ patient's breathing difficulty. C. Wait for ALS to arrive before giving any​ medications, including epinephrine. D. Place the patient on oxygen at 6 lpm via nasal cannula.

Contact medical direction for authorization to administer the epinephrine​ auto-injector.

Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of an allergic reaction involving the​ skin? A.Flushing B.Hives C.Itching D.Cyanosis

Cyanosis

You are on the scene of a​ 22-year-old female patient who is unresponsive. The​ patient's mother states that she is deathly allergic to peanuts and accidentally ate stir fry cooked in peanut oil. The patient is unresponsive with agonal respirations at 6 per minute. What is your first​ action? A.Perform a complete assessment and confirm that the patient is actually in anaphylaxis. B.Insert an oral airway and apply oxygen at 15 liters per minute by nonrebreather mask. C.Insert an oral airway and apply oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask. D.Administer epinephrine with medical control consent.

Insert an oral airway and apply oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask.

Which of the following statements about poison ivy is​ true? A. Only about​ 10% of the population is allergic to poison ivy. B. Poison ivy is a common cause of weeping sores on the skin. C. It is the oil on the leaves of the poison ivy plant that causes the allergic reaction. D. Poison ivy must enter the system through broken skin.

It is the oil on the leaves of the poison ivy plant that causes the allergic reaction.

Which of the following changes commonly occurs in the cardiovascular system during​ anaphylaxis? A.High blood pressure due to vasoconstriction B.High blood pressure due to tachycardia C.Low blood pressure due to bradycardia D.Low blood pressure due to vasodilation

Low blood pressure due to vasodilation

A​ 50-year-old woman is experiencing an allergic reaction after accidentally ingesting some shrimp. She has​ hives, complains of​ diarrhea, and notes that she is beginning to have difficulty breathing. You assess wheezes. Her vital signs are P​ 118, R​ 30, BP​ 100/60. What is the best answer for when you may administer​ epinephrine? A.You believe the patient is in anaphylactic shock. B.The patient has not refused care. C.Medical control authorizes you to do so. D.The patient has been exposed to this allergen in the past.

Medical control authorizes you to do so.

You are unsure whether a​ patient's condition requires the administration of an epinephrine​ auto-injector. Which of the following actions is most​ appropriate? A.Administer the​ epinephrine, just in case. B.Ask a family member if this is the type of situation when the patient usually takes his​ auto-injector. C.Consult with a paramedic on your service for advice. D.None of the above

None of the above

Why is a​ patient's second exposure to an allergen more dangerous than the​ first? A. On the first​ exposure, the​ patient's antibodies will disable the antigen. B. The second exposure usually has a faster onset of symptoms than subsequent exposures. C. On the second​ exposure, the antibody combines with the​ allergen, causing histamine release. D. The patient is unable to release histamines after the first exposure.

On the second​ exposure, the antibody combines with the​ allergen, causing histamine release.

Your patient is a​ 7-year-old girl who was prescribed an antibiotic for an ear infection. After 4 days on the​ antibiotic, the patient is experiencing hives and itching on her​ face, throat, and neck. Which of the following should you​ do? A.Provide supportive care and monitor the​ patient's condition during transport to the hospital. B.Advise the parents to call the pediatrician for a different antibiotic. C.Immediately administer EpiPen Jr.® D.Advise the parents that these symptoms are related to the ear infection and the antibiotic will take care of these symptoms if taken as directed.

Provide supportive care and monitor the​ patient's condition during transport to the hospital.

You respond to a local swim park for a​ 29-year-old male who was stung by a bee and​ "passed out." Upon​ arrival, you find the patient unresponsive to all stimuli with agonal respirations at 6 per minute. You insert an oral airway and administer oxygen at 15 liters per minute by​ bag-valve mask. You notice that it is difficult to bag the patient. Your partner listens to lung sounds and states they are very diminished in the upper fields and absent in the lower fields. What is the best​ action? A.Request orders from medical control to administer epinephrine. B.Hyperventilate the patient. C.Request orders from medical control for an emergency cricothyroidotomy. D.Request an ALS unit.

Request orders from medical control to administer epinephrine.

Which of the following statements concerning severe allergic reactions is true​? A.Allergies do not develop until a person is in his late teens to early 20s. B.A severe allergic reaction can be prevented by the use of an epinephrine​ auto-injector before exposure to the substance. C.Severe reactions often occur​ immediately, but they are occasionally delayed 30 minutes or more. D.A severe allergic reaction occurs only when the patient has never been exposed to the substance before.

Severe reactions often occur​ immediately, but they are occasionally delayed 30 minutes or more.

You arrive on scene to back up another EMT unit on a patient with an allergic reaction. As you approach the​ scene, you see one EMT preparing to administer the​ patient's EpiPen®. Which of the following clinical findings would support the use of the​ EpiPen? A. Itching B. Signs and symptoms of shock C. Anxiety D. Wheezing

Signs and symptoms of shock

What would be most characteristic of a​ non-life-threatening allergic​ reaction? A.Sneezing B.Stridor C.Moderate dyspnea D.Respiratory arrest

Sneezing

If a patient is having a myocardial infarction-not an allergic reaction-and receives an epinephrine​ auto-injection, which of the following will most likely​ occur? A.No reaction if administered inadvertently B.Relief of shortness of breath C.Stronger and faster heartbeat D.Bradycardia

Stronger and faster heartbeat

Histamine release increases vascular permeability. What physical sign is associated with this​ pathophysiology? A. Urticaria B. Flushed skin C. Swelling D. Decreased cardiac output

Swelling

With respect to a​ non-life-threatening allergic​ reaction, what is the best example of a localized effect of an​ allergen? A.Hives covering the​ face, neck, and chest B.Flushed skin on the​ face, neck,​ chest, shoulders, and arms C.Swelling around a bee sting D.Swelling of the​ face, neck,​ hands, feet, and tongue

Swelling around a bee sting

Which of the following would you expect to hear when auscultating the lungs of a patient having an anaphylactic​ reaction? A.Wheezing B.Coarse-sounding rhonchi C.Fine, wet crackles or rales D.Clear, adequate air movement

Wheezing