EMT Chapter 26 Questions

What is an example of classifying a burn by agent and​ source?

Thermal burn from excessively hot coffee

The layer of skin that is rich with blood​ vessels, nerves, and specialized structures is​ the:

dermis

The skin is the largest organ of the body. It is composed of three​ layers, including​ the:

epidermis

The skin serves which of the following​ functions?

Protection

What is the primary risk for electrical injury​ patients?

Respiratory or cardiac arrest

Which layer of the skin provides shock absorption and​ insulation?

Subcutaneous

Your patient has burns to the entire right arm and the anterior chest. What is the estimated surface area​ involved?

18 percent

Part of the assessment of a thermal burn is to calculate the percentage of the body surface area that has been burned. Your patient has burns to her anterior torso​ (chest and​ abdomen) and the anterior surface of her right arm. What is the estimated percentage of body surface​ burned?

22.5 percent

You are performing a secondary assessment on your​ 19-year-old trauma patient with a severely bruised trunk and signs of damage to the ribs and sternum. He is coughing up frothy red blood and having difficulty breathing. What injury do these signs point​ to?

A punctured lung

Which of the following statements about electrical burns is​ TRUE?

All tissues between the entrance and exit wounds will potentially be injured

A way of identifying the seriousness of a burn is by its degree. Which of the following statements is​ TRUE?

A​ full-thickness burn is also known as a​ third-degree burn

In bandaging a hand​ wound, what important consideration is​ necessary?

Bandage the hand in the position of function

What is the FIRST step in removing dry chemicals from the​ body?

Brush off the excess material

Your patient has sustained a chemical burn to her hands from dry lime. How is this treated in the​ field?

Brush off the powder before using water to flush

How does the skin provide temperature​ regulation?

By altering the blood flow to the skin and by controlling perspiration

You are dispatched to the scene of a construction site where a​ 33-year-old male has been impaled with a piece of rebar to his right anterior chest near the clavicle. The rebar is too long to allow transport of the patient. The patient is alert and seated on the ground. How should you manage this​ injury?

Contact medical control and ensure someone stabilizes the object while it is gently cut to the desired length

You are caring for a​ 46-year-old female who accidentally sustained burns to her left hand up to the wrist from boiling water. You arrive moments after the incident. Of the​ following, which should you do​ FIRST?

Cool the burned area to stop the burning process

White and dry to dark brown or black and charred skin is a sign of​ a:

Full-thickness burn. The tough and leathery dead soft tissue that forms in a full thickness burn injury is called an eschar.

A patient who was injured by lightning is awake on your arrival but is not able to hear what you are saying. He can talk and is frightened because he does not know what happened. The patient was in a picnic area at a park and was thrown several feet to the ground when the lightning struck near him. Which of the following steps has the HIGHEST priority in this​ patient's assessment and​ treatment?

Fully immobilize the patient

You are caring for a​ 15-year-old female who has sustained a laceration to her lower arm. It is spurting bright red blood uncontrollably. What personal protective equipment would be MOST preferred in managing this​ wound?

Gloves and a face shield

Your patient has a large bump on the forehead from being hit by a baseball. What type of injury is​ this?

Hematoma

A patient with an electrical injury is LEAST likely to present with which of the following signs and​ symptoms?

Hypotension is not a common sign of an electrical​ injury, but visual​ difficulties, restlessness or​ irritability, and muscle tenderness are common signs and symptoms.

You are called to the scene of a metal fabrication plant where you are presented with a​ 30-year-old male patient complaining of bilateral severe eye pain. Upon​ examination, you notice both eyes are red and irritated. Patient states that one of the dyes he was working with splashed into his eyes. How would you manage this​ patient's injury?

Irrigate both eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 20 minutes or until you arrive at the medical facility.

You arrive on scene to an assault. Law enforcement has secured the scene. Your patient is a​ 23-year-old male with a blood soaked shirt. The patient states that the assailant​ "slashed at him with a box​ opener." You expose the chest and note a jagged cut on his left anterior chest with​ steady, dark red hemorrhaging. Based on this assessment​ finding, the wound is MOST likely which of the​ following?

Laceration

Damage to which of the following organs is LEAST likely in the case of abdominal​ bruising?

Lungs

In treating open wounds to the neck or​ abdomen, which type of dressing is​ preferred?

Occlusive dressing

You are assessing a patient and notice red discoloration with blisters on the legs. This type of burn would be classified​ as:

Partial-thickness burns are characterized by the development of blisters on the skin. The blisters fill with fluid from the damaged vessels beneath the skin. This burn is also known for being painful.

In addition to​ protection, what is another function of the​ skin?

Sensation

A bruise on the abdomen could indicate injury to which of the​ following?

Spleen, liver, or kidneys

You arrive on scene to a residence where you find a​ 16-year-old female patient who was shocked while plugging in an appliance in the garage. Her father states that he heard the shock and saw her get​ "thrown to the​ ground." The patient is awake and alert still lying on the ground. Based on the​ patient's presentation, how should you manage this​ patient's injury?

This patient should be fully immobilized

Which of the following is a guideline for the treatment of chemical​ burns?

Wash away the chemical with flowing water

Possible injury to the cervical spine or brain could be indicated​ by:

a bruise on the head or neck

A swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel​ is:

a hematoma

When assessing a​ patient, consider the possibility of closed​ soft-tissue injuries whenever there is​ swelling, pain, or​ deformity, as well as

a mechanism of blunt trauma

All burns are to be treated as more serious​ if:

accompanied by other injuries or medical problems.

​Scraping, rubbing, or shearing away of the outermost layer of the skin is​ called:

an abrasion

When a flap of tissue is traumatically​ removed, this condition is​ called:

an avulsion

A burn injury should be considered to​ be:

an injury with the potential for many​ far-reaching effects

Your patient suffered a severe electrical burn injury. In your emergency​ care, you should​ always:

assess for an entrance and an exit wound

Your​ 24-year-old patient was riding an ATV through the woods and impaled herself on a dead tree branch. The​ one-inch diameter branch went in through her mouth and out her right cheek before breaking from the tree. You can see both ends of the penetrating branch. On your​ arrival, the patient is bleeding heavily into her mouth and is struggling to breathe unless she is leaning forward. To gain control of the​ patient's bleeding and thereby her​ airway, you​ should:

attempt to remove the object

The emotional and psychological damage from burn​ injuries:

begins at the emergency scene

When​ crushed, the liver and​ spleen:

bleed profusely and cause shock

An internal injury with no open pathway from the outside is​ called:

closed

For a young child with isolated genital​ injuries, you​ should:

consider the possibility of abuse and treat the child with sensitivity

A patient has partial thickness burns over 18 percent of his​ body, including both feet. Which of the following classifications does this​ patient's burns fall​ under?

critical

To control​ bleeding, start​ with:

direct pressure and elevation

The sterile material that is placed directly on a wound is termed​ the:

dressing

Which of the following statements about puncture wounds is​ correct?

even insignificant-looking puncture wounds can cause devastating injuries

Generally when providing emergency care of open​ wounds, the first thing you would do​ is:

expose the wound

A wound under the skin that involves the collection of blood from injury to a large blood vessel is called​ a:

hematoma

Burns to the face are considered critical​ because:

of the potential for respiratory compromise or eye injury

After treating an actively bleeding head laceration with a sterile dressing and​ bandage, you notice that the dressing has become​ blood-soaked and that blood is seeping through the bandage. You​ should:

place additional sterile dressings over the​ blood-soaked dressing and bandage firmly

Swelling or deformity at the site of a bruise indicates​ a:

possible underlying fracture

Burns involving the airway often lead​ to:

respiratory compromise

Lacerations are cuts that​ are:

smooth or jagged

In a​ contusion, what remains​ intact?

the epidermis

Burns pose greater risks to infants and children than to adults​ because:

their body surface area is greater in relation to their total body size

In caring for an amputated​ part, it is important​ to:

wrap the part in sterile gauze and keep it cool

In treating a puncture wound of the​ eye, if you bandage both​ eyes, it is​ because:

you want to avoid sympathetic eye movement

A patient has​ partial-thickness burns over 35 percent of her​ body, including both feet. Which of the following classifications does this​ patient's burns fall​ under?

​Partial-thickness burns involving over 30 percent of the body would be considered critical. Burns to areas of the body that can result in a significant loss of function are also considered​ critical, independent of the total BSA involved.