EMT chapter 34

Infants begin saying their first word, sitting without support, and teething at 6 to ______ months.

12

Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse? Select one: A. An unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury B. Burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution C. Evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene D. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

A pediatric patient involved in a drowning emergency may present with: A. cerebral edema B. chest pain C. hypoglycemia D. abdominal distention

abdominal distention

An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: Select one: A. absent urine output. B. bulging fontanelles. C. moist oral mucosa. D. excessive tearing.

absent urine output

You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: Select one: A. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. B. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. C. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. D. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance.

administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother

child 12 to 18 years of age

adolescent

The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: Select one: A. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child. B. facilitate a rapid head-to-toe assessment of the child by visualization only. C. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child.

allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child

Pupillary response in pediatric patients may be abnormal in the presence of all of the following, EXCEPT: A. hypoxia B. brain injury C. anxiety D. drugs

anxiety

A pediatric patient with a fever, pain on palpation of the right lower quadrant, and rebound tenderness is likely suffering from _____

appendicitis

Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: Select one: A. at the feet. B. en route to the hospital. C. in the ambulance. D. at the head.

at the feet

A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock? Select one: A. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min B. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg C. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds D. Pulse rate greater than 120/min

blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg

Pale skin in a child indicates that the: Select one: A. blood vessels near the skin are constricted. B. oxygen content in the blood is decreased. C. child is in severe decompensated shock. D. child's core body temperature is elevated.

blood vessels near the skin are constricted

A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should: Select one: A. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital. B. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital. C. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever. D. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once.

cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital

A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: Select one: A. asthma. B. epiglottitis. C. bronchitis. D. croup.

croup

Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? Select one: A. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection. B. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy. C. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. D. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night. D. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night

Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with: Select one: A. acute respiratory distress. B. drooling or congestion. C. skin that is cool and dry. D. extreme restlessness.

drooling or congestion

Which of the following is NOT a common exposure when dealing with pediatric burns? A? hot items on a stove B. cleaning solvents C. scalding water in a bathtub D. electrocution from poor wiring

electrocution from poor wiring

Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. hot items on a stovetop. B. entrapment in a structural fire. C. scalding water in a bathtub. D. exposure to caustic chemicals.

entrapment in a structural fire

When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should: Select one: A. have a female EMT remain with her if possible. B. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. C. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents.

have a female EMT remain with her if possible

Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. infection. B. poisonings or ingestion. C. hyperglycemia. D. electrolyte imbalances.

hyperglycemia

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of altered mental status in pediatric patients? A. drug and alcohol ingestion B. hypertension C. seizure D. hypoglycemia

hypoglycemia

first year of life

infancy

The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: Select one: A. start of infancy. B. toddler period. C. premature phase. D. neonatal period.

neonatal period

Inserting a(n) ___ in a responsive patient may cause a spasm of the larynx and result in vomiting.

oropharyngeal airway

Children not only have a higher metabolic rate, but also a higher _____, which is twice that of an adult.

oxygen demand

While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should: Select one: A. categorize him as deceased. B. categorize him as immediate. C. palpate for a carotid pulse. D. deliver 5 rescue breaths.

palpate for a carotid pulse

The ________ is a structured assessment tool that allows you to rapidly form a general impression of the pediatric patient's condition without touching him or her.

pediatric assessment triangle

child 4 to 6 years of age

preschool-age

Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT: Select one: A. altered mental status. B. sunken fontanelles. C. a stiff or painful neck. D. headache and fever.

sunken fontanelles

When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: Select one: A. use a toe-to-head assessment approach. B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver. C. refrain from taking a blood pressure. D. rely solely on the parent for information.

talk to the child, not jus the caregiver

When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the: Select one: A. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. B. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her. C. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred. D. height of the child and the speed at which the car was traveling.

the size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact

When you are performing a scene assessment at an incident involving SIDS, you should focus your attention on all of the following, EXCEPT: A. signs of illness, including medication, humidifiers, and thermometers B. the general condition of the house C. the site where the infant was discovered D. the temperature of the room

the temperature of the room

Breath sounds in the pediatric population are more easily heard because: A. their chest walls are thinner B. children typically have upper airway problems C. the size of their lungs amplifies the sounds D. the chest cavity is small in proportion to the rets of the body

their chest walls are thinner

child 1 to 3 years of age

toddle

When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence initially? Select one: A. Do you know what substance was ingested? B. Have you noticed any signs or symptoms? C. What time did the ingestion occur? D. Why did your child ingest the poison?

why did your child ingest the poison