EMT FINAL Cuesta

Predisposing factors of pulmonary emboli include:

1. varicose veins. 2. smoking. 3. obesity. 4. congestive heart failure.

understand the different methods to control major arterial bleeding

1.pressure 2. Sterile gauze dressing and bandage and continue pressure 3. Elevate 4. Tourniquet

An infant with a total blood volume of 800 mL would start showing signs of shock when as little as ______ of blood is lost.

100 mL

What is the approximate blood volume of a 75-kg adult?

5.25 L

The sudden onset of which of the following signs and symptoms indicates a pulmonary embolism? 1. Wheezing 2. Coughing out blood-streaked sputum 3. Cyanosis 4. Sudden shortness of breath A. 1, 2, 3, 4 B. 3, 4 C. 1, 2 D. 2, 3, 4

A. 1, 2, 3, 4

All of the following are associated with the formation of a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) EXCEPT: A. age greater than 40 years B. venous stasis. C. hypercoagulability D. blood vessel injury.

A. age greater than 40 years

In older patients, the first indicator of non-traumatic internal bleeding may be: Select one: A. weakness or dizziness. B. diaphoresis and pale skin. C. a heart rate over 120 beats/min. D. a low blood pressure

A. weakness or dizziness.

Arterial bleeds vs venous bleeds

Arterial- Because the blood comes from the arteries, it is distinctive from the other types of bleeding. For example, the blood is bright red due to it containing oxygen. venous- As the blood is coming from a vein, it is dark red. This is because it does not contain as much oxygen.

Which organ or organ system has the greatest tolerance for lack of perfusion (shock)? Select one: A. Brain B. Gastrointestinal system C. Skeletal muscle D. Kidneys

B. Gastrointestinal system

A 67-year-old male presents with weakness, dizziness, and melena that began approximately 2 days ago. He denies a history of trauma. His blood pressure is 90/50 mm Hg and his pulse is 120 beats/min and thready. You should be MOST suspicious that this patient is experiencing: Select one: A. acute appendicitis. B. gastrointestinal bleeding. C. intrathoracic hemorrhaging. D. an aortic aneurysm.

B. gastrointestinal bleeding.

A pulmonary embolism causes which of the following major pathologic and structural changes in the lungs? 1. Alveolar consolidation 2. Mucosal edema 3. Alveolar atelectasis 4. Pleural friction rub A. 2, 4 B. 2, 3, 4 C. 1, 3 D. 1, 2, 3, 4

C. 1, 3

A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. He is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should: Select one: A. perform a secondary assessment. B. apply a nonrebreathing mask. C. assist the patient's ventilations. D. obtain baseline vital signs.

C. assist the patient's ventilations.

Hypovolemic shock occurs when: Select one: A. the clotting ability of the blood is enhanced. B. the patient's systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg. C. the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss. D. at least 10% of the patient's blood volume is lost.

C. the body cannot compensate for rapid blood loss

The death of lung tissue that may result from an obstruction of the pulmonary artery is called a: A.pulmonary empyema B.pleural effusion. C.pulmonary infarction. D.pulmonary embolism.

C.pulmonary infarction

what vital signs depict Cushing's Triad?

Cushing's triad refers to a set of signs that are indicative of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), or increased pressure in the brain. Cushing's triad consists of bradycardia (also known as a low heart rate), irregular respirations, and a widened pulse pressure.

Bronchospasm may happen after a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following can lead to this bronchospasm? 1. Localized hypoxemia 2. Localized hypercapnia 3. Localized hypocapnia 4. Release of cellular mediators from platelets A. 1, 2 B. 1, 3 C. 2, 4 D. 1, 3, 4

D. 1,3,4

Which portion of the blood carries oxygen to and wastes away from body tissues? Select one: A. Platelets B. Plasma C. White blood cells D. Red blood cells

D. Red blood cells

Which of the following findings would be the MOST significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding? Select one: A. The patient has not eaten in 24 hours. B. The patient had a stroke 5 years prior. C. The patient has a history of hypertension. D. The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xeralto).

D. The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xeralto).

Following blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be MOST suspicious of injury to the: Select one: A. liver. B. pancreas. C. gallbladder. D. spleen.

D. spleen.

Which of the following sets of vital signs depicts Cushing's triad? A. blood pressure, 190/110 mm Hg pulse, 55 beats/min respirations, 30 breaths/min B. blood pressure, 90/50 mm Hg pulse, 120 beats/min respirations, 10 breaths/min C.blood pressure, 200/100 mm Hg pulse, 140 beats/min pulse, 140 beats/min respirations, 28 breaths/min D.blood pressure, 80/40 mm Hg pulse, pulse 30 beats/min respirations, 32 breaths/min

D.blood pressure, 80/40 mm Hg pulse, pulse 30 beats/min respirations, 32 breaths/min

• Know what the mesentery is and what it does

The mesentery attaches your intestines to the wall of your abdomen. This keeps your intestines in place, preventing it from collapsing down into your pelvic area. If the mesentery doesn't properly form during fetal development, the intestines can collapse or twist

Role of treatment

The role of the treatment officer is managing the treatment area, including assigned personnel, supplies if the medical supply management role is not assigned, and coordinates with both the triage officer for movement of patients into the treatment area and the transport officer for the movement of patients out of the treatment area.

Which of the following is the MOST likely assignment for an EMT team at an​ MCI?

Triage,treatment,​ staging, and transport.

What's the definition of dementia?

chronic or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or injury and marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and impaired reasoning.

Role of staging

e staging officer's responsibilities include keeping a record of resources present in the staging area, monitoring movement of resources, and dispatching resources to appropriate locations based upon requests by the operations division chief or incident commander.

Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include:

pain and distention.

Triage

the medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment