Endocrine chapter 14 test

Abrupt, sudden withdrawal of prednisone (cortisol) is most likely to cause

Acute adrenal insufficiency

Which gland is associated with the sugar salt and sex?

Adrenal cortex

ACTH stimulates the

Adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol

This adrenal cortical mineralocorticoid helps regulate salt and water balance

Aldosterone

Regarding the" tab of Ab flab, "what is the tab

All of the above

Growth hormone

All of the above are true

Insulin

All of the above are true

Which of the following is descriptive of prolactin

Also called lactogenic hormone

Portal capillaries carry releasing hormones from the brain to the

Anterior pituitary gland

Which gland secretes TSH, ACTH, and growth hormone

Anterior pituitary gland

Identify the glands associated with these hormones: gonadotropins, aldosterone, and epinephrine.

Anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex, Adrenal medulla

Which of the following is true of both prolactin and oxytocin? Both

Are concerned with lactation

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin

Are secreted by the Neurohypophysis

Estrogen, progesterone and testosterone

Are secreted by the gonads

A deficiency of a dietary iodine

Causes a goiter

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Control plasma levels of calcium

Which of the following hormones exerts negative feedback control on the secretion of ACTH

Cortisol

Identify the hormones that are secreted by these glands: Adrenal cortex, pancreas, and adenohypophysis.

Cortisol, insulin, growth hormone

Hypercalcemic tetany

Develops in response to a deficiency of parathyroid activity

The "melting of flesh into urine," in old-timey name, is the most descriptive of untreated

Diabetes mellitus

Myxedema, Graves disease, and cretinism are

Disorders of the thyroid gland

Cretinism, Myxedema, and graves disease are all

Disorders of the thyroid gland function

Which of the following suppresses the secretion of ACTH

Elevated plasma cortisol levels

A patient has been receiving a large dose of prednisone for the relief of arthritis pain for six months. He suddenly stops taking his medication. What is the most serious concern?

He will develop in a cute adrenal insufficiency

Which of the following is not a function of insulin

Hepatic gluconeogenesis

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin

High plasma levels of glucose

Which group is incorrect

Hormones of the anterior pituitary gland: ACTH, prolactin, TSH, oxytocin

A deficiency of insulin causes

Hyperglycemia

Catecholamines

Include epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine

Steroids

Include the glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens

What two effects does PTH exert on the kidneys

Increases calcium reabsorption and increases the excretion of the phosphate in the urine

Which of the following is least characteristic of the function of insulin

Increases the generation of Ketone bodies

A deficiency of ADH is most likely to

Induce polyuria

The hypersecretion of which hormone is least likely to cause hyperglycemia

Insulin

Aldosterone

Is a mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Is called a goiter

A tumor of the adrenal Medulla

Is called a pheochromocytoma

The anterior pituitary gland

Is connected to the hypothalamus by the portal capillaries

The adrenal Medulla

Is part of the flight or fight response

Insulin

Is secreted by the beta cells of the Islets of Langerhans

Glucagon

Is secreted in response to a decrease in blood glucose

Oxytocin

Is that neurohypophyseal hormone that stimulates the uterine muscle to contract, thereby assisting in labor

The neurohypophysis

Is the posterior pituitary gland

Cushing syndrome

May be caused by steroid (prednisone) therapy

Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polyuria, and acidosis are

Most apt to be caused by a deficiency of insulin

Which of the following is most responsive to treatment with Thyroxine

Myxedema

The bones, kidneys, and intestine are in our target organs of this calcium-regulator hormone

PTH

This hormone stimulates osteoclastic activity, causing bone resorption

PTH

Identify the glands that secrete these hormones: glucagon, PTH, and TSH.

Pancreas, parathyroid, anterior pituitary

Which of the following is not under the direct control of the pituitary gland

Para thyroid secretion of PTH

This cone-shaped gland is located in the head and is called the biological clock

Pineal

Which gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biological rhythms

Pineal gland

A hormone that suppresses gluconeogenesis

Prevents hyperglycemia

What do the following hormones have in common: growth hormone, cortisol and epinephrine? All

Raise blood glucose

T3 and T4

Regulate the basal metabolic rate

Iodine-containing hormones

Regulate the metabolic rate

Which of the following hormones are found within the hypophyseal-hypothalamic portal capillaries

Releasing hormones

What is the most critical need for the child with newly diagnosed cretinism

Replacement dose of thyroid hormones

Which of the following is most descriptive of cAMP?

Second chemical messenger

The Islets of Langerhans

Secrete insulin and glucagon

The adrenal Medulla

Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

The pancreas

Secretes hormones that affect blood glucose levels

PTH

Stimulates osteoclastic activity

Lactogenic hormone

Stimulates the mammory glands to make milk

Epinephrine (adrenalin) increases the blood glucose by

Stimulating the hepatic conversion of glycogen into glucose

As plasma levels of calcium decrease

The parathyroid glands secrete and osteoclastic hormone

Why is the posterior pituitary gland called the Neurohypophysis

The posterior pituitary gland is an extension of the hypothalamus

ACTH, TSH, and gonadatropins are

Tropic hormones

Which of the following is most likely to cause the secretion of calcitonin

elevated plasma calcium level

Which of the following is least descriptive of the hypothalamus?

secretes ACTH, TSH, and gonadotropins.