Endocrine NCLEX Questions

The patient presents to the clinic with a gross enlargement of the anterior neck. The nurse knows that this is most likely caused by a deficiency in which substance? A. Iodine B. Sodium C. Calcium D. Vitamin D

A. Iodine

A patient who has hyperthyroidism exhibits symptoms of anxiety, nervousness, and agitation. Which intervention should be included in the patient's care? A. Keeping environmental stimuli to a minimum B. Encouraging questions about options for treatment C. Stressing the importance of complying with the treatment regimen D. Maintaining the temperature of the room slightly above normal

A. Keeping environmental stimuli to a minimum

A patient is scheduled for thyroid function tests in the morning. Patient preparation for this diagnostic procedure includes which interventions? (Select all that apply.) A. Ascertaining if the patient is claustrophobic Instructing the patient to discard her first morning urine B. Asking the patient if she has recently eaten shrimp or clams C. Keeping the patient on NPO status (nothing by mouth) after midnight D. Explaining to the patient that the dose of radioactivity she will be exposed to during testing is very small

B. Asking the patient if she has recently eaten shrimp or clams D. Explaining to the patient that the dose of radioactivity she will be exposed to during testing is very small

The nurse is caring for a post-op parathyroidectomy client. Which would require the nurses immediate attention? A. Incision pain B. Laryngeal stridor C. Difficulty voiding D. Abdominal cramps

B. Laryngeal stridor

The nurse is supervising the care of a patient by unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) after hypophysectomy. Which action by the UAP would prompt the nurse to intervene immediately? A. Encouraging the patient to drink water regularly B. Providing the patient with tissues to blow her nose C. Assisting the patient to the toilet while remaining upright D. Reminding the patient to wear sequential compression devices while in bed

B. Providing the patient with tissues to blow her nose

A patient who is undergoing surgery will have an intravenous solution to which insulin will be added. Which type of insulin must be used? A. Lente B. Regular C. Ultralente D. Neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH)

B. Regular

A patient is diagnosed as having Addison disease. This condition is the result of which disturbance? A. A secreting tumor of the adrenal cortex B. Overfunctioning of the pituitary and hypothalamus C. Excessive secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone D. Insufficiencies of the mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids

D. Insufficiencies of the mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids

The nurse is monitoring a client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. Which statement made by the client would indicate hyperglycemia and thus warrant health care provider notification? A. " I am urinating a lot" B. " My pulse is really slow" C. " I am sweating for no reason" D. " My blood pressure is really high"

A. " I am urinating a lot"

The nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has Cushings Syndrome. Which statement by the client indicated that the instructions related to dietary management were understood? A. " I can eat foods that contain potassium." B. " I will need to limit the amount of protein in my diet." C. " I am fortunate that i can eat all the salty foots I enjoy." D. " I am fortunate that I do not need to follow my special diet."

A. " I can eat foods that contain potassium."

A patient has completed glucose tolerance testing. The results are normal. Which result is reflective of this finding? A. 2-hour test results of 175 mg/dL B. 2-hour test results of less than 225 mg/dL C. Fasting blood glucose of 50 mg/dL D. Fasting blood glucose of 130 mg/dL

A. 2-hour test results of 175 mg/dL

The nurse is caring for a patient with a deficiency of cortisol. The nurse correctly recognizes which information about this disorder? (Select all that apply.) A. Cortisol can be classified as a glucocorticoid. B. This patient is at an increased risk for hyperglycemia. C. Cortisol levels are controlled by the posterior pituitary gland. D. The patient has an increased chance of becoming overweight. E. Cortisol works to counteract the body's response to inflammation

A. Cortisol can be classified as a glucocorticoid. B. This patient is at an increased risk for hyperglycemia. E. Cortisol works to counteract the body's response to inflammation

A patient with diabetes is admitted to the emergency department with complaints of lack of feeling, yet debilitating pain in his legs and feet, constipation, and sexual impotence. These symptoms most closely correlate with which disorder? A. Diabetic neuropathy B. Diabetic retinopathy C. Diabetic ketoacidosis D. Diabetic nephropathy

A. Diabetic neuropathy

The nurse educator is asking the nursing student to recall the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism. The nurse educator determines that the student understands this disorder if which are included in the students response? select all that apply A. Dry skin B. Irritability C. Palpation D. Weight loss E. Constipated F. Cold intolerance

A. Dry Skin E. Constipated F. Cold intolerance

The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient suspected of having hyperthyroidism. Which manifestation(s) would be supportive of the diagnosis? (Select all that apply.) A. Increased heart rate B. Increased appetite C. Emotional instability D. Mental sluggishness E. Hyperactivity with increasing sense of fatigue

A. Increased heart rate B. Increased appetite C. Emotional instability E. Hyperactivity with increasing sense of fatigue

The nurse notes that a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has lipodystrophy on both upper thighs. Which further information should the nurse obtain from the client during data collection? A. Plan for injection rotation B. Consistency of aspiration C. Preparation of injection site D. Angle at which the medication is administered

A. Plan for injection rotation

A patient has just returned from the postanesthesia care unit after a hypophysectomy. The nurse knows to keep the patient in which position? A. Semi-Fowler B. Left lateral Sims C. Supine with no pillows D. Reverse Trendelenburg

A. Semi-Fowler

The patient presents to the emergency department with symptoms of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse knows to educate the patient about which test(s) or procedure(s) that will be performed before a diagnosis can be made? (Select all that apply.) A. Urine osmolality B. Serum osmolality C. Glucose tolerance testing D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) E. Radioactive iodine uptake test (RAIU)

A. Urine osmolality B. Serum osmolality

A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes is learning to administer his injections of NPH and regular insulin. Which statement indicates that the patient understands the nurse's teaching regarding proper insulin administration? A. "I will draw up the NPH before the regular insulin." B. "I will draw up the regular insulin before the NPH." C. "I will give myself the NPH and the regular insulin in two different injections." D. "It doesn't matter which insulin I draw up first, as long as the amount is correct.

B. "I will draw up the regular insulin before the NPH."

A client is admitted to the ER and a diagnosis of myxedema coma is made. Which action should the nurse prepare to carry out initially? A. Warm the client B. Maintain a patent airway C. Monitor Intravenous fluids D. Administer thyroid hormone

B. Maintain a patent airway

A client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with daily insulin injections. Which teaching information should the nurse reinforce upon discharge? A. Keep insulin vials refrigerated at all times B. Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically C. Increase the amount of insulin before unusual exercise D. Monitor urine acetone level to determine the insulin dosage

B. Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically

The nurse reinforces teaching with a client with diabetes mellitus regarding differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that glucose will be taken if which symptom develops? A. Polyuria B. Shakiness C. Blurred Vision D. Fruity breath odor

B. Shakiness

The nurse provides dietary instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus regarding the prescribed diabetic diet. Which statement made by the client indicated the need for further teaching? A. " Ill eat a balanced meal plan" B. " I need to drink diet soft drinks" C. " I need to buy special diabetic foods" D. " I will snack on fruit instead of cake"

C. " I need to buy special diabetic foods"

A patient is scheduled to have a glucose tolerance test. What information should be included in the instructions provided to the patient? A. "Eat a normal-sized breakfast before the test." B. "Limit carbohydrate intake 5 to 7 days before the test." C. "Fasting is required for 10 to 12 hours before the test." D. "During the test, you may eat low-carbohydrate snacks."

C. "Fasting is required for 10 to 12 hours before the test."

A patient recently diagnosed as having hypoglycemia says, "Hypoglycemia! I can't live with that. My neighbor, Joseph, had that and he acted crazy!" Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? A. "You seem to be overreacting to the problem." B. "You're right; it would be difficult to live with hypoglycemia." C. "Hypoglycemia has been successfully treated by diet modifications." D. "Taking care of yourself years ago would have prevented the problem"

C. "Hypoglycemia has been successfully treated by diet modifications

A patient with diabetes asks her nurse about foot care when she is discharged home. What is the nurse's best response? A. "Cut your toenails in a V shape to prevent ingrown toenails." B. "Soak your feet in hot water each night before going to bed." C. "Inspect each foot daily for cuts, cracks, blisters, or abrasions." D. "There are no special instructions for your feet when you have diabetes"

C. "Inspect each foot daily for cuts, cracks, blisters, or abrasions."

The nurse is assisting with preparing a teaching plan for the client with diabetes mellitus regarding proper foot care. Which instruction should include in the plan of care? A. Soak the feet in hot water B. Avoid using soap to wash the feet C. Apply a moisturizing lotion to dry feet, but not in between the toes D. Always have a podiatrist cut your toesnails; never cut them yourself

C. Apply a moisturizing lotion to dry feet, but not in between the toes

The patient presents to the clinic with acromegaly, muscle weakness, and osteoporosis. Laboratory results show elevated growth hormone levels. These symptoms, along with computed tomography scan findings, most closely correlate with which disorder? A. Astrocytoma B. Craniopharyngioma C. Benign pituitary adenoma D. Malignant pituitary adenoma

C. Benign pituitary adenoma

The nurse who works primarily with older adults knows that which of the following is a significant age-related change of the endocrine system? A. Change in glucose production B. Inconsistent hormone production C. Decreased ability to respond to stress D. Increased number of endocrine disorders

C. Decreased ability to respond to stress

The nurse is teaching a class on diabetes to a group of adults in the community. The nurse should be sure to include information on which classic symptoms of diabetes? (Select all that apply.) A. Hypertension B. Vision changes C. Excessive thirst D. Frequent urination E. Increased appetite F. Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)

C. Excessive thirst D. Frequent urination E. Increased appetite

The hemoglobin A1c test results of the patient are 8.2%. The nurse knows which word best describes the patient's glycemic control? A. Fair B. Poor C. Good D. Excellent

C. Good

The nurse is reinforcing instructions with a client with diabetes mellitus who is recovering from DKA regarding measures to prevent a recurrence. Which instruction is important for the nurse to emphasize? A.Eat six small meals daily B. Test the urine ketones level C. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently D. Receive appropriate follow- up health care

C. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a patient recently diagnosed with type 2 DM. The nurse should include information on which long-term consequences of poor glycemic control? (Select all that apply.) A. Depression B. Hypertension C. Recurrent infections D. Delayed wound healing E. Peripheral vascular disease

C. Recurrent infections D. Delayed wound healing E. Peripheral vascular disease

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) plays tennis and asks if she will be able to continue with that sport. The nurse should base his response on which information? A. It would be better to take up walking or some quiet sport. B. She can play tennis, but she will need an extra dose of insulin. C. She can play tennis, but she will need to eat more before she plays. D. She cannot play tennis because heavy exercise is not permitted with this type of diabetes.

C. She can play tennis, but she will need to eat more before she plays

A patient is admitted to the hospital with a suspected diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. She asks the LPN/LVN about the thyroid scan for which she is scheduled that morning. The nurse should tell her that it is done for which purpose? A. To collect a blood sample for analysis B. To determine underactivity of the thyroid cells C. To evaluate the thyroid's ability to accumulate iodine D. To detect abnormal areas of growth or tissue in the thyroid

C. To evaluate the thyroid's ability to accumulate iodine

The nurse is caring for a client after a thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed for which reason? A. Treat thyroid storm B. prevent cardiac irritability C. Treat hypocalcemic tetany D. Stimulate the release of parathyroid hormone

C. Treat hypocalcemic tetany

A patient has diabetes insipidus (DI). The LPN/LVN should plan to provide information on which medication? A. Insulin B. Cortisone C. Vasopressin D. Fludrocortisone acetate

C. Vasopressin

The diabetic patient has been instructed on ketone testing. Which statement indicates the need for further instruction? A. "Ketones indicate periods of poor glycemic control." B. "I should perform ketone testing whenever I am hyperglycemic." C. "Performing ketone testing during periods of illness is recommended." D. "Ketone testing should be done each morning when I am in a fasting state."

D. "Ketone testing should be done each morning when I am in a fasting state."

When an individual is under a great deal of stress for a prolonged period of time, which hormone would be expected to be secreted in increased amounts? A. Insulin B. Estrogen C. Thyroxine D. Epinephrine

D. Epinephrine

In the postoperative period, the LPN/LVN should observe a patient who has had a thyroidectomy for which signs of thyroid crisis? A. Depression and fatigue B. Respiratory distress and hoarseness C. Twitching of muscles and severe convulsions D. Extreme temperature elevation and rapid pulse rate

D. Extreme temperature elevation and rapid pulse rate

When the nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which statement by the client would indicate that the teaching has been effective? A. " I will stop taking my insulin if im too sick to eat." B. " I will decrease my insulin during times of illness." C. " I will adjust my insulin dose according to the level of glucose in my urine." D. I will notify my health care provider if my blood glucose level is consistently greater than 250mg/dL

D. I will notify my health care provider if my blood glucose level is consistently greater than 250mg/dL

In discussing DM with a patient, it is important to base the discussion on which information regarding the disease? A. It can often be cured by insulin therapy. B. It has no cure and is considered "hopeless." C. It has no specific treatment other than use of insulin. D. It can often be controlled by diet and regular exercise.

D. It can often be controlled by diet and regular exercise.

When a patient has alterations in serum calcium and phosphorus levels, which gland is dysfunctional? A. Thyroid B. Adrenal C. Pancreas D. Parathyroid

D. Parathyroid

The nurse is collecting data regarding a client after a thyroidectomy and notes that the client has developed hoarseness and a weak voice, Which nursing action is appropriate? A. Check for signs of bleeding B. Administer calcium gluconate C. Notify the registered nurse immediately D. Reassure the client that is is usually temporary condition

D. Reassure the client that is is usually temporary condition

When teaching a patient with type 1 diabetes about home care, the LPN/LVN would be sure to include which signs of diabetic ketoacidosis? A. Dark, scanty urine, and diarrhea B. Cool, clammy skin, and nervousness C. Hunger, headache, and tremulousness D. Thirst, dry mucous membranes, and dry skin

D. Thirst, dry mucous membranes, and dry skin

A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus calls the nurse to report recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Which statement by the client indicated a correct understanding of Humulin N insulin and exercise? A. " I should not exercise after lunch" B. " I should not exercise after breakfast." C." I should not exercise in the late evening" D." I should not exercise in the late afternoon"

D." I should not exercise in the late afternoon"