Eng 3-Unit 2
An outline consists of:
-a Body -a Conclusion -an Introduction
When you engage in research, you will
-discard evidence that fails to support your thesis statement. -learn about a topic. -consult numerous sources. -keep evidence that supports your thesis statement.
A complex inference is evidence that is not as good as a fact.
True
secondary source
a book, a report, or an article written about a primary source
A theory is supported by
evidence
rhetoric
using language to persuade
The three parts of an outline for a writing project are the introduction, the ____________, and the conclusion.
body
If a writer does NOT do research before writing, she may produce writing that is
boring and unconvincing.
If your paper is published in a print magazine, beneath the title will be your _________________.
byline
brainstorm
capture of ideas that run through your mind while thinking hard
Select a topic that is _______________ to today's issues.
relevant
If you read books, encyclopedias, and magazine articles about a particular topic, then you are performing ____________.
research
Once you receive feedback, it is a good idea to __________________ your draft to include it.
revise
schemes
rhetorical devices that are unexpected or unusual patterns of words
tropes
rhetorical figures of speech that are twists on words that change their meanings
If you rearrange words to logically organize the draft of writing, you are employing a ______________.
scheme
Feedback gives you ____________________ opinions.
second
A ____________ is a reference book that tells writers rules for writing, laying out, listing sources, and citing evidence in a written presentation.
style manual
primary source
the first or initial source of evidence Ex: -The writer of a poem, a short story, or a novel
If you add or improve words, phrases, or clauses that make changes smoother to logically organize the draft of a paper, you're adding or improving _________________.
transitions
fiction
writing in which the writer presents an imaginary story
If you use a piece of evidence that is not cited as appearing in another source and seems to be a conclusion the writer made after examining his writing, then it is a(n) _________________.
complex inference
cogent
convincing or believable
An introduction should
declare the thesis statement, grab the readers' attention, and establish the tone.
overreliance
depending on something too heavily
Specialized dictionaries- Glossaries- dictionaries- Thesaurus- Book of quotes-
dictionaries that contain words or terms used in a particular field. lists of terms about special topics. contain word origins, pronunciations, and definitions compilation of synonyms contain quotes from people.
Web Word Clusters Outlines Story Maps Event Maps, Sequence Charts, or Timeline
-surround a topic with supporting details, facts, descriptions, or opinions. -break down larger ideas into smaller ideas -depict setting and theme, character development, and events -provide sequence of events
It is recommended that you use at least _________ sources for a nonfiction paper.
8
research
The dedicated, systematic examination of a topic
To obtain good information during an oral interview, it is advisable to interview
experts
evidence
information that tends to prove or disprove something
You're following a research plan and find only two sources. Your evidence is ________.
insufficient
Theories and evidence are ____________________, meaning each one relies upon the other.
interdependent
Refocus a research plan by ______________ the major research question.
modifying
The first answer you give to "What idea am I trying to prove?" is your ___________.
thesis statemen
critique
to analyze carefully
paraphrase
to change words without changing their meanings
document
to furnish with references in support of statements made
cite
to mention in support; proof
Access to __________ is important when considering a particular topic.
unbiased sources
Capitalization and punctuation are ________________.
mechanics
If insufficient information is available about a possible topic, the topic is too _______________ and the resulting writing may be boring and unconvincing.
narrow
The 5 Steps of the Writing Process
Draft- write a clear thesis statement, organize ideas into paragraphs, and link sentences to topic with supporting facts, details, descriptions, and opinions Proof and Edit- examine draft for errors (spelling, grammar, etc.) Publish- compose final draft, correct or polish rough spots, and present/publish Revise- improve paragraphs, especially transitions; evaluate for clarity and purpose; and check for style, including tone, and coherence or unity Plan- explore your interests, select a topic, determine your purpose and audience, choose a form, develop ideas and gather information, and outline and organize
5 Building Blocks of Writing
Focus-Coherence- Remain focused upon your topic throughout your writing. The result will be coherence or unity. Development of Ideas- Develop clear and specific ideas. Organization- Organize the clear, specific ideas in a logical progression of thought. Voice/Viewpoint- Find the voice or viewpoint that expresses your personality or opinion. 5 -Writing Conventions- Follow the rules for proper writing conventions. These include proper mechanics (capitalization, punctuation), spelling, grammar, usage, and sentence structure.
Two activities you may use while developing ideas and gathering information in which you write down ideas are ____________ and ____________.
brainstorming, freewriting
A(n) _____________ topic might be the lives of all U.S. politicians, while a narrower topic would be the lives of all the Texas politicians.
broad
An advantage of conducting ____________ to obtain information according to a research plan is they give you personal viewpoints.
interviews
If an overabundance of information is available about a possible topic, you'll find it hard to _________ the amount of information you gather for your writing project.
limit
coherence
logical connection; overall understandability
A sign that evidence is strong is if it comes from a(n) ____________ source.
reliable
A disadvantage of conducting interviews to obtain information according to a research plan is they
require time to prepare and conduct.
Thoroughly examining a topic is
research
A primary source is more reliable than a ___________ source.
secondary
The possible topic should be interesting to
the audience of readers AND you.
procrastination
the delaying of the completion of a project
plagiarism
the unauthorized or close imitation of a writer's language and ideas
The five building blocks of writing include Focus to Coherence, Development of _____________ , Organization, _____________/Viewpoint, and Writing Conventions.
Ideas, Voice
_____________ evidence that does not relate to the major research question and is untrue. _____________ evidence that relates to the major research question and is true.
Irrelevant, inaccurate Relevant, accurate
A(n) ____________ lists print sources for readers.
Literature Cited page bibliography
The recommended reference book for standard formats for this course is the _______.
MLA
A Works Cited Page lists both print and nonprint sources for readers.
True
Answer True or False.One way to organize relevant, accurate evidence gathered during research is to group like evidence together to support central ideas.
True
When you found during your research use
Who?, Where?, When?, What?, Why?, How?
Works Cited Page
a list of sources that includes print and nonprint sources
bibliography
a list of sources used in preparing a work
glossary
a list of terms associated with a special subject
footnote
a note on the bottom of a page that documents an area of text
endnote
a note that documents an area of text and appears at the end of a paper
feedback
a reaction to a particular process
style manual
a reference book that contains rules for writing and designing a written presentation
tertiary source
a written text about a secondary source EX: -A book review about a book -A book, a report, or an article about a primary source is a tertiary source.
sufficient
adequate for the purpose; enough
You're following a research plan and find 150 books, 20 pamphlets, and 35 magazine articles as potential sources for evidence to answer your major research question. You have _____________ of evidence.
an overabundance
theory
an unproven explanation used to explain a class of events
factual data
facts proven to be true by multiple sources or experts
If a piece of evidence is cited as appearing in another source, then it is _________________.
factual data
If you ask other individuals for a response to your paper, you are asking them for ___________________.
feedback
Writing that is based upon a writer's creativity is ___________, but includes facts.
fiction
interviews
formal meetings in which a person is questioned, consulted, or evaluated
accurate
free from error
To develop ideas and gather information, you may
freewrite
Writing that is based upon reality and facts is ___________.
nonfiction
Though a(n) _________ given by an expert is good evidence, it is not good as a fact.
opinion
A research plan - which is like a road map for conducting research - should include ideas on how to obtain _________ information.
oral and written
By using graphic organizers and lists, you are
organizing details.
If you include the exact words and punctuation of text in a source without properly documenting it, you have committed ___________.
plagiarism
Correct or ___________________ any rough areas of your draft.
polish
If you wait until Tuesday to write an assignment that is due on Wednesday, you are probably guilty of ________________.
procrastination
The process of checking for spelling errors is ___________ or proofing.
proofreading
One way to decide whether evidence is strong is to see if it might help answer the major research ___________.
question
You should utilize ______________ details to support your topic, especially for fiction writing.
sensory
criticisms
severe judgments; censures
reliable sources
sources you may depend upon EX: -professional photographer talking about professional photography techniques. -lists sources that you may depend upon.
unreliable source
sources you may not depend upon Ex: -does NOT list sources and one you may NOT depend upon. -Internet site with many personal opinions.
references
sources you may use for obtaining information
rhetorical devices
special effects that use words in special ways
Ideas you develop and organize while you are writing need to be clear and ___________.
specific
Your peers, your parents, and your _________________ may give you feedback on your draft.
teacher
Checking for correct grammar includes checking that verbs have the correct _______.
tenses
transitions
words, phrases, or clauses that ease the change from one idea to another
Proper mechanics, spelling, grammar, usage, and sentence structure are part of ______________ conventions.
writing
nonfiction
writing in which the writer concentrates on reality
The appearance of particular wording such as "The logical conclusion is ...," means you are probably looking at a(n) ____________.
complex inference
complex inferences
complicated statements writers make after examining their data
A method of finding possible topics is ____________ others.
consulting
When you conduct research, you need to critique the research plan __________.
continually
To avoid being accused of plagiarism, __________ your evidence.
cite
If a draft has ________, the ideas flow and fit together, the rhetorical purpose is achieved, and the writing is organized.
clarity
To a writer, feedback is sometimes depressing. It may seem like a lot of _______________________.
criticism
If writing is organized, achieves its rhetorical purpose, and its ideas flow and fit, then you could say the writing possesses ___________________.
clarity
A(n) ___________________ argument is created with the use of strong evidence.
cogent
If you keep focused when you are writing, your writing will have __________ and unity.
coherence
A source for learning about what publications publish and their submission guidelines is ______________.
Writer's Market
Evidence from 1913 about a medical breakthrough would not be strong since it's not ____________.
current
Writing well can be the key to your _____________.
success
quote
the repeating of exact words and punctuation from oral or written sources
What are the steps in selecting a topic
1) ask and answer questions about possible topics 2)narrow your choices 3)select your topic
1)A quick summarization of the ____________ 2) a restatement of the ____________ 3) a(n) ____________based upon the body, 4) ____________ about the thesis, 5) new ideas not present in the body, 6) refer to ideas in the introduction, 7) an unforgettable ____________
1) body 2)thesis 3)conclusion 4)insight 7)clincher
If you use numerous sources when conducting research, you will have __________ writing.
comprehensive
Prior to publishing a piece, a publication will proof and _______________ any material you submit.
edit
You should place your thesis statement in the
last sentence of your introductory paragraph.
If you find insufficient accurate, reliable evidence during research, then your __________________ may be too narrow.
major research question
The main goal of evidence is to answer the ____________.
major research question
refocus
redirect or change what is concentrated on
After asking and answering questions about possible topics, narrow your choices to __________ possible topics.
2
summarize
state in a shorter form
To prevent your writing from becoming too long, you need to _____________, or state in a shorter form, your evidence.
summarize
You can answer the major research question with details, facts, descriptions, and opinions.
True
A way to develop a clear thesis statement is to ask the important question, "What idea am I trying to ______________?"
prove
Introductions may contain interesting details that do not fit elsewhere in your outline, refer to actual events that attract readers' attention, and
provide background information that explains your interest in the topic.
If you include in your writing "The man was quite angry and quick to confront others," you have included a(n)____________ A quote has the exact ____________ and ____________of an entire passage, a sentence, or just several words. You should not include a quote longer than ____________ lines in your writing.
quote words, punctuation 4
Sources that you may access to conduct research such as dictionaries are called
references
While conducting research, you may need to __________ your working thesis statement.
refine
Diagrams that illustrate the relationships between concepts are called conceptual maps.
True
If you include the exact words and punctuation of text in a source without properly documenting it, you have committed plagiarism.
True
Sources in order of importance from top to bottom would be primary, secondary, and tertiary.
True
Style in writing includes the use of rhetorical devices and tone.
True
Ten minutes is about the right amount of time to get ideas going.
True
When you analyze evidence, see where each piece fits in the research plan's outline.
True
relevant
related to the matter at hand
parallelism
a scheme of particular words, phrases, or clauses that show equally important ideas
tone
attitude a writer takes toward his topic, character(s), or audience
A well-written title should
attract the reader and hint at the thesis statement's topic.
An important question to ask about evidence is "Is the evidence a fact my ____________ will understand?"
audience
When your teacher assigns you to complete a paper in three months' time, you should
begin immediately.
A(n) __________ lists just print sources.
bibliography
The process of checking a draft for errors in grammar, usage, and sentence structure is called __________.
editing
Adequate development of a draft of a paper should ensure that the body contains enough supporting ____________ , and answers ____________ readers might ask.
idea, questions
In both freewriting and brainstorming, you allow ideas to flow into other ___________.
ideas
Your plan for a writing project is like a(n)______________ for a journey.
itinerary
By turning the topic from a statement to a question, you formulate a(n)
major research question.
When you revise the draft of a paper, you should revise it to clarify ________ , achieve a specific rhetorical ________ , set a consistent ________ , and accomplish logical organization.
meaning, purpose, tone
An excellent method for checking a writing project's structure is to check the writing against the original ___________________.
outline
Your possible topic should include sufficient information but not a(n) __________ of information.
overabundance
overabundance
overabundance
If you use one source when you are conducting research, you may be guilty of _____________ on that source.
overreliance
rhetorical patterns
patterns that depend upon a sequence of anticipated and provided actions
modify
to slightly change the form or qualities of
You're seeking sources that might have evidence that answers your major research question but are unable to find any. Now, you believe your major research question is
too narrow
All of the sentences in a draft should link to the ________.
topic
After correcting a writing project's structure, you may need to add ______ to make the writing smoother.
transitions
If you add twists on words to logically organize the draft of a paper, you are employing ____________.
tropes
