Engine Final
Which of these terms is used to describe the number of degrees of crankshaft rotation for which the valve is lifted off the seat?
Duration
A steel or copper wire used in a head gasket around the cylinder is called _________.
Either Armor or Fire Ring
Core plugs are also called _________.
Either freeze plugs or frost plugs
On an engine with variable cam timing, the cam timing can be changed by use of ________.
Either spine camphaser or vane camphaser
TRUE or FALSE? Oil seals are made completely of a rubber-like, Buna-N material.
False
Piston ring end gap can be increased by __________.
Filing the ring to make the gap larger
Magnetic crack inspection uses _______.
Fine iron powder to detect cracks in iron parts
Cylinder head bolts should be loosened __________.
From the ends working toward the middle (reverse sequence)
Where is a multi-layered steel (MLS) gasket most often used in an engine?
Head gasket
A warped aluminum cylinder head can be restored to useful service by _____.
Heating in an oven @ 500 degrees, wait for it to cool, then machine it
After honing or deglazing, cylinder walls should be washed with __________.
Hot soapy water
A valve job restores the valves and seats. This increases manifold vacuum and may cause _________.
Increased oil consumption
Which type of valve guide is most used in a cast-iron head?
Integral
The valves could be bent if the timing belt breaks on which of these?
Interference engine design
Which type of connecting rod needs to be heated to install the piston pin?
Interference fit
Which of these head gaskets is most commonly used on engine equipped with an aluminum cylinder head on a cast iron block?
Multilayered Steel (MLS)
Some vehicle manufacturers recommend repairing integral guides with _________.
OS stem valves
A cylinder deactivation system uses _____ ________ to operate the system.
Oil pressure
Before the valves are removed from the cylinder head, what operations need to be completed?
Remove valve locks Remove cylinder heads File burrs from the stems of the valves All of these
Removal of excessive material from the block or cylinder head during machining can cause valve timing to be ____ on an overhead cam engine.
Retarded
Engine blocks can usually be re-manufactured using which of these methods?
Sand or die-cast
To help ensure proper engine cooling, most cylinder head designs use __________.
Short exhaust ports and long intakes
When using Plastigage to check bearing clearances, a wider compressed gauge material indicates a ___________.
Smaller oil clearance
When installing piston rings the _________ rings are installed first.
Spiral
Crankshafts should be stored by which of these methods?
Standing or hanging
A one piece oil pan gasket often uses _______ in the middle to add strength.
Steel
Which of these is the coolest part of the valve?
Stem
When a piston ring is marked with a "dot," the ring is to be installed with the "dot" facing the ______________.
Top of piston
When measuring a cylinder for wear, the most wear will be found at the __________.
Top of the cylinder
The thrust bearing surface is located on one of the main bearings to control thrust loads caused by _________.
Torque converter or clutch release forces
Hydraulic lifters or hydraulic lash adjusters (HLA) may not bleed down properly and could cause an engine miss if ________.
Wrong SAE oil is used
Typical journal-to-bearing clearance is ___________.
0.0005 to 0.0025 inch
Typical intake valve stem-to-guide clearance is ________.
0.001 to 0.004 inch
The gasket surface of a cylinder head, as measured with a straightedge, should have a maximum variation of _________.
0.002 inch in any 6-inch length or 0.004 inch overall
Never remove more material from the tip of a valve than __________ inches.
0.020
The camshaft makes _________ for every revolution of the crankshaft.
1/2 revolution
Engine vacuum on a normal stock rebuilt engine should be _____.
17 to 21 in. Hg.
A 4-cyl engine fires one cyl at every ____ degrees of crankshaft rotation.
180
To lower and narrow a valve seat that has been cut at a 45 degree angle, use a cutter or stone of what angle?
30 degrees
About how much of the turning torque applied to a head bolt is lost to friction?
80%
The PCM controls cam timing by use of __________.
A pulse width modulator (PWM)
Valve spring inserts (shims) are designed to __________.
Adjust to the correct valve spring install height
Piston ring gap should only be measured after _______.
All cylinder work has been performed
A short block includes the ______.
Block Crankshaft Main bearings, Pistons, Rods, and Rod bearings All of these
What would happen if oil or water (coolant) was at the bottom of a dry hole in the bolt when the head bolts are installed and torqued?
Block could crack
Head gasket installation is being discussed. Tech A says that the surface finish of the cylinder head or block deck is very important for proper sealing to occur. Tech B says that if "front" is marked on a head gasket, the mark should be installed near the accessory belt end of the engine.
Both
Tech A says balance shafts are used to counteract vibration created in the engine. Tech B says proper balancing of the engine is important for smooth operation.
Both
Tech A says that a minor overhaul can often be done with the engine remaining in the vehicle. Tech B says that a core is required for most re-manufactured engines.
Both
Tech A says that before removing the engine, the battery should be disconnected. Tech B says to assist in reassembly, you should mark all unfamiliar hoses and wires in the engine compartment.
Both
Tech A says that engine parts need to be cleaned before a thorough test can be done to detect cracks. Tech B says that pressure testing can be used to find cracks in blocks or cylinder heads.
Both
Tech A says that gaskets are used to fill a space or gap between two objects to prevent leakage from occurring. Tech B says that there are many types of gaskets including cylinder head gaskets, valve cover gaskets, and timing cover gaskets.
Both
Tech A says that many bearings have a thin overlay of babbit. Tech B says that bearings should have spread and crush to keep them from spinning when the crankshaft rotates.
Both
Tech A says that powdered metal connecting rods cannot be reconditioned and must be replaced if damaged or worn. Tech B says that the piston and the connecting rod must be correctly assembled according to identifying notches or marks.
Both
Tech A says that studs should be installed finger tight. Tech B says that studs must be installed using a thread locker such as Locktite.
Both
Tech A says that the connecting rod and main bearing caps should be marked before removing to ensure they can be reinstalled in the exact same location when re-assembled. Tech B says that the tip of the valve stem should be filed before removing valves from the cylinder head to help prevent damage from the valve guide.
Both
Tech A says that valve stem height should be checked and the top of the valve ground, if necessary. Tech B says that an incorrect valve stem height may hold the valve open.
Both
Two techs are discussing an engine with interference deign. Tech A says if a valve remains open when its cylinder reaches TDC, the piston may strike the valve. Tech B says if a valve remains open when its cylinder reaches TDC, valve train damage can result.
Both
Two techs are discussing the installation of a rebuilt engine into a vehicle. Tech A says that the radiator should be flow tested to help ensure that the engine will not overheat. Tech B says that a new thermostat should be installed.
Both
Two techs are discussing variable valve timing. Tech A says that changing the exhaust valve timing helps reduce exhaust emissions. Tech B says that changing the intake valve timing helps increase low-speed torque.
Both
The camshaft also drives the ________ on some engines.
Both oil pump and distributor (if equipped)
After the oil pan (sump) is removed, the tech should inspect ________.
Both the oil pump and pick up screen to make sure the rod and main bearings are marked
The purpose of casting steel struts into an aluminum piston is to ______.
Both to strengthen the piston and control thermal expansion
A bedplate is located between the ___ and the _____.
Bottom of block and oil pan
What determines the amount of valve overlap?
Camshaft design
Most chemical cleaners used for cleaning carbon-type deposits are strong soaps called _________.
Caustic materials
A long block can be made from a short block with the addition of ______.
Cylinder heads and valve train
A misaligned connecting rod causes what type of engine wear?
Diagonal wear on the piston skirt
Abrasive pads or discs should be used on _________.
Disassembled engine parts only According to specified grit Clean parts thoroughly All of these
The proper relationship between intake and exhaust valve diameter is _______.
Exhaust valve is 85% to intake
In which type of vehicle is the engine most likely to be installed from underneath the vehicle?
FWD
The ridge at the top of the cylinder _____.
Is caused by the fact that the rings don't go all the way to the top of the cylinder
Full floating piston pins are retained by __________.
Lock rings
What other engine component may have to be machined if the cylinder heads are machined on a V-type engine?
Lower intake manifold
The crankshaft is supported in the engine block by ______.
Main bearings
When removing an engine from a vehicle equipped with an auto trans, the torque converter is normally __________.
Mounted on the transmission
Use of the wrong type of RTV silicone sealer could damage the __________.
Oxygen Sensor (O2 sensor)
Powdered connecting rods can be marked with ________?
Permanent ink marker
Some gaskets use a steel washer around each bolt hole. The purpose of this washer is to __________.
Prevent the gasket from being compressed too much
Which type of sealer is to be used on non-machined surfaces?
RTV
Tech A says that a vibration damper, also known as a harmonic balancer, is used to dampen harmful twisting vibrations of the crankshaft. Tech B says that most engines are externally balanced.
Tech A
Tech A says that cylinder head resurfacing machines include grinders and milling machines. Tech B says that cylinder head reconditioning should start with resurfacing of valves.
Tech A
Tech A says that if the ring end gap is excessive, blowby gases can travel past the rings and into the crankcase. Tech B says that piston rings usually include three compression rings at the top of the piston and an oil control ring below the compression rings.
Tech A
Tech A says that mechanical cleaning with scrapers or wire brushes can be used to remove deposits. Tech B says that steel wire brushes can be used to clean aluminum parts.
Tech A
Tech A says that most crankshafts can be reground to be 0.010, 0.020. or 0.030 inch undersize. Tech B says that most engine bearings are constructed with an aluminum shell for strength and are covered with a tin-lead alloy.
Tech A
Tech A says that pressure testing involves injecting pressurized air into engine block water and oil passages. Tech B says that pressure testing involves injecting pressurized water into engine block water and oil passages.
Tech A
Tech A says that the camshaft turns at half of the crankshaft speed in a 4-stroke cycle engine. Tech B says that the camshaft rotates at 1/4 the crankshaft speed.
Tech A
Tech A says that the cylinder should be bored and/or honed to match the size of the pistons to be used. Tech B says that the top edge of the cylinder should have a sharp edge to help the piston rings during installation.
Tech A
Tech A says that the flourescent penetrant test method can be used to detect cracks in iron, steel, or aluminum parts. Tech B says that the dye penetrant test can only be used on aluminum parts.
Tech A
Tech A says to be sure the piston notch "front" or arrow points toward the front of the engine. Tech B says to be sure that the piston ring gaps all line up before installing the piston.
Tech A
Tech A says that a wire brush is mainly used on aluminum engine parts. Tech B says that a wire brush can damage aluminum parts.
Tech B
Tech A says that any cleaning chemical can be used to clean aluminum parts or components. Tech B says that most chemical cleaners are strong soaps called caustic materials.
Tech B
Tech A says that oil for the rod bearings comes from splash off the crankshaft. Tech B says that oil thrown from the crankshaft lubricates the piston.
Tech B
Tech A says that replacement pistons can be of different weights from the original pistons. Tech B says that some engines use an offset piston pin to help reduce piston slap when the engine is cold.
Tech B
Tech A says that the cam bearings should be installed using a driver and dead blow hammer. Tech B says that main bearings and rod bearings should be checked for proper oil clearance by measuring the crankshaft journals and inside diameters of bearings.
Tech B
Tech A says that the intake and exhaust manifolds have to be removed before removing the engine from the vehicle. Tech B says that on FWD vehicles it is often easier to remove the engine from underneath rather than from the top.
Tech B
When removing cylinder heads, the fasteners should be removed in what order?
The reverse order of tightening
Normal operating temp is reached when _________.
The upper radiator hose should be hot and the cooling fan has cycled once (if equipped)
What needs to be removed before the valves can be removed from the cylinder head?
The valve keepers
Why must flat-bottom lifter camshafts be broken in at a fast idle?
They are only lubricated by splash oil
On an overhead cam engine the cams are timed to the crankshaft using ________ on the sprockets.
Timing marks
Many aluminum piston skirts are plated with _________.
Tin or moly graphite
The surface finish for the cylinder walls usually depends on _______.
Type of piston rings to be used
Hydraulic valve lifters can make a ticking noise when the engine is running if ______.
Valve lash is too loose
On a vehicle with cylinder deactivation, the valves are kept closed by deactivating the __________.
Valve lifters
What tool is required when installing valves and springs?
Valve spring compressor
In a normally operating engine, intake and exhaust valves are opened by a cam and closed by _________.
Valve springs
How should the vehicle be driven to best break in a newly overhauled engine?
Varying speeds and loads
Before the timing chain can be inspected and removed, the ________ must be removed.
Vibration damper or balancer
Which crack detection technique requires the use of a black light?
Zyglo