English Civil War Questions
Who followed the divine right?
James I and his son Charles I
Which Stuart ruled after Charles II?
James II
What was stated in the Magna Carta (1215)?
King John made a promise that he and his successors would never act without first consulting the barons and the nobility
Elizabeth I was responsible for the execution of who?
Mary Queen of Scots (catholic)
What religion was James I?
Presbyterian (Protestant)
What happened to King Charles I?
brought to trial at Westminster where he was charged w/ high treason. he made no effort to defend himself because he said it was all God's choices. he was sentenced to death and beheaded in 1649
Under the new rulers William and Mary, what kind of government did England become?
constitutional monarchy
What did Elizabeth I do to Parliament's role?
discontinued sessions from 1563-1566; did not ask parliament for subsidies in time of war
What was stated in the Toleration Act of 1689?
granted Puritans the right of free public worship
What was Charles I's response to the Nineteen Propositions?
had leaders in Parliament arrested, declares war on August 22, 1642
Who was William of Orange?
he was a Dutch leader who married James' daughter, Mary, and invaded England
What was the early reign of Charles I like?
he was arrogant, conceited and a strong believer in the divine right of kings, argued with Parliament mainly over money and religion, married Henrietta Maria
What happened with money under the rule of James I?
inherited large debt from Elizabeth because of the war with Spain, James spent too much money on his own luxury
Describe the role of Parliament during the reign of Charles II.
kept much of its power (had an important role)
What was the significance of Elizabeth I's death?
she was never married so no heir to the throne, tudor dynasty ends, cousin comes to throne (James I of England)
Who were the Puritans?
strict and zealous Protestants who had a deep loathing for all forms of wealth and display
What did James I do to Parliament?
suspended Parliament and it did not meet for 10 years
How could the divine right of kings be a problem?
the king would not answer to anyone (including Parliament) because he got his right to rule from God
Why did Elizabeth I have conflict with Parliament?
treasury did not have enough funds for the queen's expenses
Name the order of leaders in England during the English Revolution
Elizabeth I, James I, Charles I, Oliver Cromwell, Charles II, James II, William III and Mary II
Describe the rule of Oliver Cromwell
"Lord Protector," devoted himself to increasing England's power, build strong fleet and expanded sea trade
Identify items stated in the English Bill of rights
1) parliament had rights to make laws 2) parliament had rights to levy taxes 3) standing armies could be raised only with Parliament consent 4) kings could no longer dismiss Parliament 5) right of citizens to keep arms 6) right of citizens to have a fair jury trial
When did Charles I declare war on Parliament?
August 22, 1642
Why did Parliament dislike James II?
Because he was Catholic so religion became a conflict again and James named Catholics to high positions.
Why is Charles II's period of rule called the Restoration?
because it was after the restoration of the Stuart monarchy