English Civil War Study Guide

Ireland's Rebellion

In 1641.

George Grenville

In charge of the treasury and he enforced the Navigation Acts.

James II

Is openly Catholic; because of that, the Whigs opposed him becoming King after his wife gave birth to a son.

Charles II

King during the Restoration, cooperated with Parliament, and he supported the Arts and Science.

Clarendon Code

Made the Anglican Church the official Church of England.

Commonwealth

Means republic. England was supposed to be a commonwealth immediately after the Civil War, however it did not work and that's when Cromwell became a dictator.

Glorious Revolution

Refers to the time when William and Mary became the rulers of England and this began an era of representative government in England.

Bill of Rights

England was signed by William and Mary and it gave basic rights to the people of England in 1688. About 100 years later, the Americans adopted a Bill of Rights which consisted of the first ten amendments to the Constitution and also gave basic rights.

Robert Walpole

England's first prime minister.

American Allies

1777 France joined. 1779 Spain joined.

Boston Tea Party and Intolerable Acts

A protest of British policies and in response to the protest the Intolerable Acts were passed as punishment and limited colonial self-government.

Petition of Right

An attempt by Parliament to limit the power of Charles I in exchange for approving new taxes.

William and Mary

Become rulers of England during glorious revolution and beginning of representative government.

Cause of the English Civil War

Charles I's abuse of power.

Scotland

Declared war on England because Charles I tried to make them accept the Anglican Church and they were Calvinists.

James I

The King who believed in Divine Right and was the father of Charles I.

Stamp Act and the Declaratory Act

The Stamp Act required the payment of a direct tax on all printed materials. When it as repealed (cancelled), the Declaratory Act was passed which said that Britain could tax and enact laws for the colonies (control over colonies).

Declaration of Independence

The author was Thomas Jefferson but John Locke's ideas were the inspiration.

Charles I

The cause of the English Civil War due to his abuse of power by trying to be an absolute monarch.

Articles of Confederation

The government that took place between 1781 and 1787 before the Constitution was written.

The Olive Branch Petition

The last attempt at making peace with Britain.

Oliver Cromwell

The leader of Parliament's forces during the English Civil War; he tried to rule England after the civil war and followed strict puritan rule

Restoration

The period of time after Cromwell and before the Glorious Revolution when Charles II was on the throne and the monarchy was being restored.

Habeas Corpus

The right of a person to be told why they are being held in prison

Effect of Civil War

To create a limited monarchy in England.

Tories and Whigs

To political parties. The Tories support James II while the Whigs oppose him.

Cavaliers and Roundheads

Two sides in the Civil War. Cavaliers support the king while the Roundheads supported Parliament.

William Laud

Was appointed by Charles I to the position of Archbishop of Canterbury and he as unpopular because he persecuted Puritans

Act of Union

When England and Scotland joined together.

Exclusion Bill

Would have prevented James II from taking the throne.

Common Sense

Written by Thomas Pane to support independence.