English Grammar

worrying about it.

There's nothing you can do about the situation, so it's no use (to worry about it).

of telling lies.

They accused us (to tell lies).

on paying for the meal.

They insisted.... (to pay for the meal)

stealing.

Thieves broke into the house, but didn't take anything. There was nothing worth... (to steal).

who I was telling you about. (in FORMAL ENGLISH: about whom)

This is my friend from Canada.... (________ I was telling you _______ ).

on winning the first prize.

We all congratulated Lisa... (to win the first prize)

at (at the front of a building/theatre/group of people)

(IN CINEMA) We were ... the back, so we could't see very well.

Having found

(To find) a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.

everyone (in one word in for people)

(Wszyscy) enjoyed the party.

whose husband is dead.

A widow is a woman (... husband is dead).

to talk. (do or say something new)

After discussing the economy, the president then went on (to talk) about foreign policy.

going on holiday?

Are you looking forward to... (go on holiday?)

moving (sprobowac=>do something as an experiment or test)

I didn't like the way the furniture was arranged, so I tried (to move) the table to the other side of the room.

living/ to live

I don't like cities. I prefer (to live) in the country.

to keep (probowac=attemp to do, make an effort to do)

I was very tired. I tried (to keep) my eyes open, but I couldn't.

to tell him.

I wouldn't dare ... (tell him)

of asking them for money.

I wouldn't dream... (to ask them for money)

skiing.

I'd like to go... (to ski)

nothing/that/who (We can leave out who/which/that when it is the object)

This morning I met somebody ... I hadn't seen for ages.

in summer.

This room is cold even ... (summer).

at the roundabout.

Turn left ... (the roundabout)

to drive.

Shall we go by train? I'd prefer (to drive).

of authority.

She has always been openly contemptuous ... (authority).

so that (with can and could + purpose)

She's learning English ______ she can study in Canada.

each

Study .... sentence carefully (study the sentence one by one)

on time.

The conference was well-organised. Everything began and finished... (time)

at the front of the house. (at the front of a building/theatre/group of people)

The garden is... (z przodu domu)

nothing/that (We say THE DAY/THE YEAR/ THE TIME etc. + something happens or THAT something happens)

The last day... I saw Anna, she looked great.

of falling. (it is possible that something and will happen [for example an accident])

The path was icy, so we walked very carefully. We were afraid (to fall).

talking.

The president paused for a moment and then went on (to talk)...

from enjoying our holiday.

The rain stopped us (to enjoy our holiday).

nothing/why (THE REASON SOMETHING HAPPENS or THAT/WHY SOMETHING HAPPENS)

The reason .... I'm phoning is to ask you advice.

which

The strike at the factory, ... began ten days ago, is now over.

on New Year's Eve. (on for days and dates)

There are usually a lot of parties... (New Year's Eve).

nothing

I daren't ... tell him.

to get more exercises. (it is necessary for me to do it)

I need (to get more exercises.)

saying

I regret (to say) what I said. I shouldn't have said it.

to lock

I remember (to lock) the door, but I forgot to shut the windows.

in the back of the car (in the front/in the back of a car)

I was sitting ________ (the back of the car) when when crashed.

nothing/that (We say THE DAY/THE YEAR/ THE TIME etc. + something happens or THAT something happens)

I can't meet you on Friday. That's the day ______ I'm going away.

feeling sorry for him.

I don't like him, but he has a lot of problems. I can't help (to feel sorry for him).

for helping me.

I forgot to thank them... (to help me)

finding a place to stay.

I had no trouble... (to find a place to stay)

nothing/that they got married. (We say THE DAY/THE YEAR/ THE TIME etc. + something happens or THAT something happens)

I haven't seen Jack and Helen since the year... (they got married)

so that (when the purpose is negative)

I hurried _____ I wouldn't be late.

locking it.

I know I locked the door. I clearly remember... (to lock it).

in joining the club. (We're thinking of doing it, would like to do it)

Let me know, if you're interested (to join the club).

on their wedding anniversary.

Mary and David always go out for dinner ... (their wedding anniversary).

to whom (preposition + whom)

Mr Lee, ________ I spoke at the meeting, is very interested in our proposal.

like a teacher. (LIKE introduit une comparaison entre deux choses ou personnes différentes. AS implique l'identité des deux termes.)

My little brother behaves ... (a teacher) (even though he's not a teacher).

charging. (it needs to be done)

My phone needs (to charge).

of being a spy.

Nobody suspect the general (to be a spy).

accommodation, advice, baggage, behaviour, bread, chaos (/ˈkeɪɒs/), damage, furniture, information, luck, luggage, news, permission, progress, scenery, traffic, weather, work

usually uncountable nouns (18 nouns=>2a, 3b, c, d, f, i, 2l, n, 2p, s, t, 2w)

admit, avoid, carry on, consider, deny, enjoy, fancy, finish, give up, go on, imagine, keep (on), mind, postpone, put off, risk, stop, suggest

verb followed by ing (18 verbs=>2a, 2c, d, e, 2f, 2g, i, k, m, 2p, r, 2s)

As

... a teacher, I highly recommend this book

every

... sentence must have a verb (= all sentences in general).

at (at the end of something = at the time when something ends)

... the end of concert, everyone applauded.

which (you cannot use that)

Anna told me about her new job, _____ she's enjoying a lot.

to know what he thinks. (to say how somebody reacts to what they hear/see/read/learn/know/find)

Ask Mike for his opinion. I would be interested... (to know what he thinks)

getting a visa?

Did you have any difficulty (to get a visa)?

to arrive. (You can use "to" after the first/the last/the next/the only/the second/the third, etc.)

Everybody else arrived before Paul. Paul was the last... (to arrive)

clean up/to clean up (YOU CAN SAY "HELP TO" OR "HELP" WITHOUT "TO")

Everybody helped (to clean up) after the party.

to make.

Everybody makes that mistake. It's an easy mistake (to make).

(nothing) that they said was true. (not Everything WHAT they said)

Everything .... (they said was true.)

without which (preposition + which)

Fortunately we had a good map, ________ we would have got lost.

on the street (on the street= homeless)

Funding to help families ... (the street) is running out.

whom I admire a lot. (whom is possible instead of of who when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause)

George is a person (.... I admire a lot)

in finding a job yet?

Have you succeeded (to find a job yet)?

of swearing.

He doesn't approve (to swear).

fall off the wall.

He fall off the wall. I saw him.... (to fall off the wall)

to get in the car. (after a passive we use "to". Compare: I saw Tom get into his car and drive away)

He was seen (to get in the car).

cleaning

I like ______ (to clean: I do it and I enjoy it) the kitchen.

in time. (almost too late)

I nearly missed my flight this morning. I got to the airport just ... (time).

to stay

I'd prefer (to stay) at home tonight rather than (to go) to the cinema.

stay

I'd rather (to stay) at home tonight than (to go) to the cinema.

for shouting at you yesterday. (the past)

I'm sorry (to shout at you yesterday)

to leave. (present)

I've enjoyed my stay here. I'll be sorry (to leave).

to make

It's careless of you ________ (to make) the same mistake again and again.

trying

It's no good _________ (to try) to persuade me. You won't be successful.

the car of my neighbour. (l'information nouvelle seulement par N1 of N2)

It's not my car, it's (samochod mojego sasiada)

to clean (I think is good to do but I don't necessarily enjoy it)

It's not my favourite job, but I like ________ (to clean) kitchen as often as possible.

did it today. (WE SAY 'I'd rather you DID" something [not 'I'd rather you do'])

Jack says he'll repair your bike tomorrow, OK? I'd rather he (to do it today.)

to tell (for things we do intentionally; we can choose to do them or not)

James was afraid _______ (to tell) his parents what had happened.

that I ask your advice. (not Jane suggested me to ask)

Jane suggested ..... (ask your advice => zebym zapytal cie o rade)

were a baby. (On emploie le subjonctif après: IF, SUPPOSE, IMAGINE, AS IF, IF ONLY pour exprimer une situation hypothétique, improbable, un souhait)

John behaves as if he (to be a baby).

who (you cannot use that)

John, ... speaks French and Italian, works as a tour guide.

every

Kate love reading. She has read ... book in the library. (= all the books)

to living alone. (it is not new or strange for someone)

Paul has lived alone for 15 years. It is not strange for him. He is used (to live alone).

living there. (we use -ing when we talk about a situation that already existe or existed)

Paul lives in Berlin now. He likes... (to live there)

reading my writing.

People sometimes have problems... (to read my writing)

every one (written separately for things)

Sarah is invited for lots of parties and she goes to... (kazde)

each

There were four books on the table. ... book was a different colour.

no point in having

There's (no point) (to have) a car if you never use it.

against moving to London.

We decided .... (moving to London).

in the end. (we use "in the end" when we say what the final result of a situation was)

We had a lot of problems with our car. We sold it... (the end).

to inform

We regret (to inform) ______ you that your application has been unsuccessful.

nothing/that/which (We can leave out who/which/that when it is the object)

We stayed at the hotel _______ you recommended.

for petrol.

We stopped... (petrol)

at the weekend?

Will you be here ... (the weekend)?

which I'd never been to before. (in FORMAL ENGLISH: to which...)

Yesterday we visited the City Museum (... I'd never been... before) (w ktorym nigdy przedtem nie bylem)