English Odyssey Final

List at least five images/examples of figurative language that help you picture some of the most tense or most horrifying moments in the battle

*See lines 15, 93, 100, 114, 126-127) 70.

What is ironic about the name "Nobody" by Odysseus

1. Odysseus is a hero known by many 2. When Cyclops is blinded he calls for help and says nobody hurt him, so his brother does not come to help him

How long did the Trojan War last

10 Years

Describe Scylla and Charybdis.

6 Headed monster, Charybdis dangerous whirlpool.

What assistance does King Aeolus' give Odysseus and why isn't it successful

A bag of wind Odysseus' men are envious and want to know what is in the bag. They open the bag and it blows them off course.

What did these people eat

A honeyed plant called the Lotus

Who is Calypso and what is her relationship with Odysseys

A nymph who held Odysseus captive

How many years has Odysseus been trying to get home

Almost 10 years

Discuss the meaning/etymology of the word "odyssey" in modern society based on your knowledge.

An Odyssey is a long journey. People still undergo long journeys in their lives. People face many problems that they must fix and people who are religious still call on God for help.

Who recognized Odysseus, despite his rags, when he returns to his kingdom

By what hidden sign did she recognize him? His nurse/nanny (because of the birthmark on his foot).

What do we learn about ancient Greek society from Homer's epic

Consider the following: treatment of guests, man's relationship with the gods, view of the elderly, etc. Always treat guests kindly, honor the Gods or they will make life extremely difficult and older lower class people were not respected by the Greeks.

Is Odysseus revenge on the suitors and maids excessive

Defend your answer. I believe so, yet the anger he must have felt with everything that had happened

Of what consequence does Odysseus warn his men

Do not eat the cattle or something bad will happen.

If Odysseus doesn't follow Teiresias advice at Thrinacia, what does the spirit foretell

Eating the cattle would bring destruction for his ship and crew.

Once in Ithaca, whom does Odysseus visit and how is he disguised

Eumaeus the swineherd, disguised as a beggar

What plan did Odysseus contrived to divert Polyphemus

Get him drunk, blind him and sneak out by hiding under lambs once he moves the stone blocking the cave

How does Odysseus summon the spirit of Tiresias

He brings a black lamb as a sacrifice.

How does Athena transform Odysseus just before he reveals his identity to Telemachus

He is disguised as an old beggar.

Why is it ironic that Odysseus should return to Ithaca in beggar's rags

He is the King/the highest person but returns as a beggar the lowest person.

Where is Odysseus, the "contender," trying to go

He is trying to return to his have of Ithaca after being gone for over 10 years, ultimately turning into 20 years away from home

How does Odysseus regard his wife Penelope

He loves her tremendously

How does Polyphemus hope to avenge his injury from Odysseus

He prays for Poseidon for "O" to lose all of his men and return to see bad days at home

What tragedy strikes Odysseus at sea

He shipwrecked during a fierce storm

From his self introduction, how do you think Odysseus view himself

He thinks highly of himself, almost arrogant

How did Odysseus solve the problem

He tried them down under their rowing benches, ordered men not to taste the Lotus

Why do you think Odysseus continues to keep his identity hidden from his wife

He wanted to find out if she was faithful to him while he was gone.

What was the Cyclops response when Odysseus told him of their ship wreck

He wanted to know where the ship and other men were at

What threat did Helios make in response to the death of his cattle

He will go to the Underworld and shine there instead.

Who owns the cattle on the island of Thrinacia

Helios (the Sun God)

Why did Circe's plan fail on Odysseus

Hermes gives Odysseus a magical herb.

After blinding the cyclops, how do Odysseus and his men escape the cave

Hide under the sheep and leave when Polyphemus opens the cave

Describe Ithaca.

Home were Odysseus lives, and were his wife is

Who is speaking in the opening scene

Homer; the narrator

What tale does the "beggar" tell Penelope

How does he describe Odysseus, and why do you think he adds these details? He does not want to tell her about his life because it's too painful. He says that Odysseus is a God fearing king who rules in fairness and justice.

Who punished Odysseus' men

How? Zeus sends down a lightning bolt and destroys their ship. The men die except for Odysseus.

What is Argos' condition when Odysseus sees him

In telling us how Odysseus's dog is kept, what is Homer also telling us about conditions in Ithaca? Old and sickly, sitting on a pile of poop.

How heroic are Odysseus' acts in this episode

In what ways does this help or endanger his men? Talks to Polyphemus, and thinks up a plan to get them out. He endangers his men when he calls out his real name to Polyphemus.

What line signals Odysseus' flashback to the past, where he begins to tell of his adventures

Line 29/31

Describe the Sirens. What danger do they pose

Lure sailors to their deaths with a beautiful song.

Why were men drawn to Circe

Lured the men to her house with food and wine.

What news does Athena share with Telemachus

Men have moved into Odysseus's house, the suitors eat his food/drink his wine and are forcing Penelope to marry one of them. They plan to ambush him.

Summarize what happens on the island of the Laistrygones.

Men turned into pigs "O" saves men.

Who is Hermione's and what is his mission

Messenger, brings message from Mount Olympus telling Calypso to free Odysseus

What advice does Teiresias give Odysseus regarding the island of Thrinacia

No matter what happened avoid the cattle.

Who is narrating the story

Odysseus

Who survives the punishment

Odysseus.

In setting up the test of the bow for the suitors, how is Penelope really suggesting she is looking for Odysseus

Only Odysseus can string his bow and shoot through 12 iron ax heads.

Of whom is Calypso seemingly jealous

Penelope, Odysseus' wife

How did Odysseus keep himself and his men safe when going past the Sirens

Placed beeswax in his men's ears and tied him to the mast.

Which god is plotting against Odysseus

Poseidon

How does Calypso assist Odysseus on his journey home

She builds him a raft

What do we learn about the character of Penelope in her interview with the beggar

She is cunning, she has remained loyal and faithful to Odysseus and it's getting too weak to continue to fight to avoid marriage.

How does Penelope test Odysseus after the battle

She says she will have their bed moved into another room but their bed is part of a real tree and cannot be moved.

How is Penelope's interview with the beggar ironic

She tells him she is trying to find her husband and he is her husband.

What does Penelope promise the winner of the contest

She will marry him.

Describe the Cyclops Polyphemos.

Son of Poseidon, one eyed giant

Who helps Odysseus return to Ithaca after twenty years

The Phaeacians

What happened in Troy

The Trojan War occurred in Troy, they won with the help of the trojan horse

What customs of Greek society are observed in this story

The mandatory acceptance of gifts/they don't eat people.

What characteristic of their marriage bed suggests the strength and endurance of their love

The tree that the bed is made from is still standing strong over the 20 year span and their love is strong and solid like the tree.

Into what did Circe begin turning Odysseus' crew

They are turned into pigs.

Summarize what happened at Odysseus first stop, Ismarus, land of the Cicones, on his journey.

They attacked the Cicones coastline successfully. The men became drunk and didn't listen to Odysseus when they told him to retreat The Lotus Eaters

What dangers did Odysseus and his men encounter when they landed on the Lotus Eaters island

They longed to stay forever and never go home

Why must Odysseus journey to Hades, the land of the dead

To find out how to get home.

Just before Odysseus steps forward to try the bow, he reveals his identity to two other people. Who are they, and why does he reveal himself to them

Two loyal swineherd Eumaeus and Philoetius.

What advice does Circe give Odysseus when he returns from the underworld

Warns him 1. About the Sirens 2. Tells him to avoid Helios's cattle.3. Warns him about Scylla & Charybdis.

When and why did Odysseus' men decide to kill the cattle

When they ran out of Circe's food they had to eat the cattle.

Which of the two, Scylla or Charybdis, was the lesser of two evils

Why? Charybdis was more dangerous because the whirlpool could destroy the entire ship. Scylla was going to eat 6 men.

When Telemachus returns to Ithaca, who does he visit first

Why? Eumaeus, Athena tells him to go to see him.

In Odysseus' absence, where has his son Telemachus journeyed

Why? He went to find out the fate of his father. To prevent his mom from remarrying.

What important Greek value does Telemachus' and Eumaeus' treatment of the unknown beggar reveal

You must feed and shelter your guests and treat them kindly.

As the epic reaches its climax, two signs are sent from Olympus to indicate the gods' approval of Odysseus. What are they

Zeus thundered overhead and Athena is present to rally their spirits and make sure none of her favorites are injured.

What is a muse

gods that inspire, Muse the goddess of Epic Poetry

How was Odysseus received on the island of Scheria, home of king Alcinous

they treat him as a noble guest, a custom at the time